JP5492432B2 - Monitoring device, monitoring system and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a monitoring device, a monitoring system, and a program.

  In order to ensure the reliability of the power system, it is important to properly monitor facilities such as power plants, substations, transmission lines, and distribution lines. In particular, steel towers installed outdoors and transmission lines supported by such steel towers use various sensors such as weather sensors that detect weather conditions such as wind and snow and lightning strikes, and proximity sensors that detect the invasion of people and animals. Monitored.

  However, since the installation locations of the steel towers are dispersed and traffic is often inconvenient, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the monitoring device 1 installed in the substation 2 and each steel tower Sn (1 ≦ n ≦ N), a monitoring system is used in which wireless communication is performed with a terminal device T-n (1 ≦ n ≦ N) installed in N) and information on each terminal is concentrated on the monitoring device 1. Further, for example, wireless communication is performed between adjacent devices using a wireless LAN of the IEEE 802.11 standard, for example, and multi-hop communication in which information is relayed and transmitted by a bucket relay method is performed. It is possible to communicate with the terminal device TN that is connected with low power.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, even if a communication failure occurs in any of the terminal devices that perform multi-hop communication as described above (wireless terminal station in Patent Document 1), the terminal of another terminal device An overhead power transmission line tower-based monitoring system that can concentrate station information (detection information in Patent Document 1) on monitoring devices (information collection stations in Patent Document 1) installed at both ends of a tower row is disclosed. Yes.

  In this way, by relaying and transmitting information between the monitoring device and each terminal device, it is possible to monitor equipment installed at a remote location with low power.

JP 2005-229715 A

  Here, FIG. 7 shows an example of the configuration of a general monitoring device used in the monitoring system as shown in FIG.

  In the monitoring device 1b shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 11 causes the transmission unit 12 to transmit the command information CMD for all the terminal stations, and the reception unit 13 receives the terminal information INF transmitted from each terminal device. Is output to the control unit 11 every time. Further, the control unit 11 outputs a timing start signal STR to the timer 14 together with the start of transmission of the command information CMD, and the timer 14 counts an elapsed time TM from the input of the timing start signal STR. Further, when the elapsed time TM exceeds the maximum time MX until all terminal information INF is received, the determination unit 15 outputs to the control unit 11 a time-out signal TO indicating a determination result that time is out. Then, the control unit 11 performs a retry process such as retransmission of the command information CMD according to the timeout signal TO. Then, the control unit 11 outputs the timing stop signal STP to the timer 14 together with the completion of reception of all the terminal information INF or the input of the timeout signal TO, and the timer 14 stops counting the elapsed time TM.

  However, in the time-out determination method as described above, it is necessary to set the maximum time MX according to the number N of terminal devices from the monitoring device 1 to the terminal device TN located most remotely in FIG. For this reason, in a monitoring system composed of many terminal devices, the set value of the maximum time MX becomes large. Further, in this determination method, it always takes a time corresponding to the maximum time MX, regardless of the position of the terminal device where the communication failure has occurred, until it is determined that a timeout has occurred.

  Therefore, the number of retry processes that can be performed within a predetermined period is limited by the set value of the maximum time MX, and may decrease when a terminal device is added. In particular, when wireless communication or the like is performed only at a predetermined period in a predetermined cycle in order to suppress power consumption of each terminal device, this problem becomes significant. Moreover, it is necessary to reset the maximum time MX every time a terminal device is added or reduced.

A main aspect of the present invention that solves the above-described problem is a monitoring device for transmitting terminal station information from each of the plurality of terminal devices that are received while being relayed and transmitted in a predetermined order by the plurality of terminal devices. A transmitter that transmits the command information, a receiver that receives the terminal information relayed and transmitted by the plurality of terminal devices in an order opposite to the predetermined order, and the transmitter transmits the command information A timer that counts the elapsed time from the start of the communication, and when the elapsed time exceeds a first reference time until the reception unit first receives the terminal information, and the reception unit When the elapsed time after receiving the terminal information exceeds a second reference time, a determination unit that determines that a timeout has occurred, and the receiving unit is transmitted from any of the plurality of terminal devices Receive the terminal information Each time the timer resets the elapsed time, the timer stops counting the elapsed time when the receiving unit has received all the terminal information and when the determination unit determines that a timeout has occurred. possess a control unit for the first reference time, between the devices of the monitoring device and the plurality of terminal equipment, the downlink communications in which the instruction information is relayed transmitted by said predetermined order First communication time required, second communication time required for uplink communication in which the terminal information is relay-transmitted in the opposite order between the devices, and each of the plurality of terminal devices, The processing time required from the completion of reception of the command information to the start of transmission of the terminal information is an allowable value for the fluctuation range of the first communication time, the second communication time, and the processing time. The second reference time is set to the first communication time, the second communication time, and the command information received in each of the plurality of terminal devices or the It is set to a value obtained by adding the first communication time, the second communication time, and the variation width of the time lag as an allowable value to a time twice the time lag generated when relaying the terminal information. It is the monitoring apparatus characterized by this.

  Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings and the description of this specification.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the time required for time-out determination and increase or decrease the number of terminal devices without resetting the reference time for time-out determination.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitoring apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of normal communication of the whole monitoring system. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of the failure occurrence of the whole monitoring system. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of normal communication of the monitoring apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining operation | movement at the time of the failure generation of the monitoring apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining the operation | movement of the program for making a computer implement | achieve the function of the control part 11, the timer 14, and the determination part 15. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of a general monitoring apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of a terminal station apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of a structure of a terminal station apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the example of application and schematic structure of the whole monitoring system.

  At least the following matters will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

=== Overall Configuration and Operation of Monitoring System ===
Hereinafter, a schematic configuration of the entire monitoring system including the monitoring device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The monitoring system shown in FIG. 10 is for centrally monitoring, for example, a plurality of towers S-1 to S-N and a state around each tower Sn including a transmission line at the substation 2. The system includes a monitoring device 1 and a plurality of terminal devices T-1 to TN.
The substation 2 and the steel tower S-1 are adjacent to each other, and wireless communication is performed between the monitoring device 1 installed in the substation 2 and the terminal device T-1 installed in the steel tower S-1. Further, under the condition of 2 ≦ n ≦ N, the steel tower S- (n-1) and the steel tower Sn are adjacent to each other, and the terminal device T- (installed in the steel tower S- (n-1). n-1) and wireless communication are performed between the terminal equipment T-n installed in the steel tower Sn. A detailed description of the configurations of the monitoring device 1 and the terminal device T-n will be given later.

Next, the operation of the entire monitoring system in this embodiment will be described.
First, with reference to FIG. 2, an operation during normal communication in which no communication failure occurs and radio communication is normally performed between the devices will be described. As described above, for example, an IEEE802.11 standard wireless LAN is used for wireless communication between devices.
The monitoring device 1 transmits command information CMD common to the terminal device T-1 to TN to the terminal device T-1, and the terminal device T-1 relays the command information CMD while receiving the command information CMD. Then, the data is transmitted to the terminal device T-2. The terminal device T-2 relays the command information CMD while receiving it and transmits it to the terminal device T-3. The terminal device T-3 relays the command information CMD while receiving it. Transmit to device T-4. Similarly, the command information CMD is relayed while being received at each terminal device and transmitted to the terminal device TN.

Hereinafter, when communication in the direction in which the command information CMD is relayed and transmitted from the monitoring device 1 to the terminal device TN is referred to as downlink communication, the time required for downlink communication between the devices is mainly determined by the communication protocol. It is determined by the prescribed communication speed and the data length of the command information CMD. Therefore, in this embodiment, assuming that the communication speed between the devices is equal and the data length of the command information CMD does not change during relay transmission, the time required for the downlink communication between the devices is substantially equal to the value TD. Become. Therefore, in consideration of the time lag TL generated when relaying the information received by each terminal device, from the start of transmission of the command information CMD in the monitoring device 1 to the completion of reception of the command information CMD in the terminal device T-n. The required time TD [n] is
TD [n] = TD × n + TL × (n−1)
It can be expressed as.

  For example, in the wireless LAN communication protocol of the IEEE 802.11 standard, medium access control of CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) method is performed. A random length of waiting time (back-off time) is inserted into. Therefore, the time lag TL actually varies for each terminal device, but the variation of the time lag TL is considered when setting reference times Tth1 and Tth2 described later.

  In response to the received command information CMD, the terminal device T-1 transmits measurement information of the tower S-1 and sensors (not shown) installed around it to the monitoring device 1 as terminal information INF. Also, the terminal device T-2 uses the measurement information of the steel tower S-2 and the sensors (not shown) installed around it as terminal information INF in accordance with the received command information CMD. The terminal station device T-1 relays the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-2 and transmits it to the monitoring device 1. Similarly, the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-n is relayed in each terminal station device and transmitted to the monitoring device 1.

Hereinafter, when communication in the direction in which the terminal information INF is relayed and transmitted from the terminal device TN to the monitoring device 1 is referred to as uplink communication, the time required for the uplink communication between the devices is mainly the communication protocol. Determined by the data rate of the communication speed and the terminal information INF defined by. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the communication speed between the devices is made equal and the data length of the terminal information INF of each terminal device is made equal, the time required for the uplink communication between the devices becomes substantially the same value TU. Become. Therefore, in the same way as in the case of downlink communication, when the time lag TL is taken into consideration, the terminal station information INF of the terminal device T-n in the monitoring device 1 is received from the start of transmission of the terminal information INF in the terminal device T-n. The time TU [n] required to complete is
TU [n] = TU × n + TL × (n−1)
It can be expressed as.

  In this way, the common command information CMD transmitted from the monitoring device 1 is relayed to the terminal device TN while being received at each terminal device, and each terminal device according to the received command information CMD. The terminal station information INF sequentially transmitted from the relay station 1 is relayed to the monitoring apparatus 1. Therefore, when the monitoring device 1 transmits the command information CMD common to the terminal devices T-1 to T-N once, the monitoring device 1 distributes the terminal information INF of the terminal devices T-1 to T-N N times in this order. Will be received.

Here, assuming that the processing time required from the completion of reception of the command information CMD in each terminal device to the start of transmission of the terminal information INF is TP, from the start of transmission of the command information CMD in the monitoring device 1 to the terminal device T-n. The time TS [n] required to complete reception of the terminal information INF is
TS [n] = TD [n] + TP + TU [n]
It can be expressed as. During normal communication, the monitoring device 1 receives the terminal information INF of the last terminal device TN after TS [N] from the start of transmission of the command information CMD, and stores all the terminal information INF. Reception will be completed.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, an operation at the time of occurrence of a failure in which a communication failure has occurred in any of the terminal devices will be described. In FIG. 3, it is assumed that a communication failure has occurred in the terminal device T- (n + 1), and the communication failure includes a communication failure between the terminal devices T-n and T- (n + 1).

  The terminal devices T-1 to Tn operate in the same way as during normal communication even when a failure occurs, and the monitoring device 1 performs the terminal device Tn after TS [n] from the start of transmission of the command information CMD. Completes reception of the terminal information INF. However, since the terminal device T- (n + 1) cannot receive and relay the command information CMD relayed in the terminal device T-n, the terminal devices T- (n + 1) to TN Station information INF is not transmitted. Therefore, when a failure occurs, the monitoring apparatus 1 cannot receive the terminal station information INF after the terminal station information INF has been received.

  For example, in the general monitoring device 1b shown in FIG. 7, the maximum time MX is set to be equal to or longer than the time TS [N] required to complete reception of all terminal information INF during normal communication. It takes a time corresponding to the maximum time MX to determine that it is time-out. On the other hand, in the monitoring apparatus according to the present embodiment, which will be described later, it is possible to reduce the time required for time-out determination when a failure occurs and to secure a larger number of retry processes that can be performed within a predetermined period.

=== Example of Configuration and Operation of Terminal Station Device ===
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 8, the structure of the terminal device Tn used with the monitoring apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The terminal device T-n is one of a plurality of terminal devices T-1 to TN used together with the monitoring device in the present embodiment, and the terminal device T- (n located on the monitoring device side. -1) and the terminal station device T- (n + 1) located on the terminal station device TN side.

  The terminal device T-n illustrated in FIG. 8 includes, for example, a reception unit An, a control unit Bn, a transmission unit Cn, and sensors En and Gn. . Note that each terminal device has one or more sensors as appropriate according to the installation location, equipment, and the like. In FIG. 8, for convenience of explanation, three terminals En and GN are shown. I will do it.

  The reception unit An and the transmission unit Cn have a common antenna, a reception signal is input to the reception unit An, and a transmission signal is output from the transmission unit Cn. Further, the control unit B-n inputs and outputs command information CMD and terminal station information INF between the reception unit An and the transmission unit C-n. The measurement information D1 to D3 output from the sensors En or GN, respectively, are all input to the control unit Bn.

Next, the operation of the terminal device T-n will be described.
The receiving unit An receives the command information CMD from the terminal device T- (n-1) and outputs it to the control unit Bn. Further, the control unit B-n causes the sensors En to Gn to measure and detect the states of the respective installation locations in accordance with the command information CMD, and the sensors En to GN each measure information. D1 to D3 are output to the control unit Bn. Note that the sensors En and GN include the above-described weather sensor and proximity sensor, but may also include a microphone and a camera that can be used for detecting weather conditions and intrusions. Then, the control unit B-n generates terminal station information INF from the measurement information D1 to D3, and transmits the terminal station information INF from the transmission unit Cn to the terminal station device T- (n-1).

  In this way, the terminal station device T-n generates the terminal station information INF according to the command information CMD received from the terminal station device T- (n−1) and generates the terminal station device T- (n−1). ). Further, except for the terminal station device TN located most remotely from the monitoring device, the terminal device T-n performs the following relay transmission in parallel with the transmission / reception.

  In the relay transmission of the downlink communication, the reception unit An receives the command information CMD transmitted from the monitoring device or relayed in the terminal device T- (n-1), and the control unit Bn The command information CMD is transmitted from the transmission unit C-n to the terminal device T- (n + 1). On the other hand, in relay transmission of uplink communication, the receiving unit An receives the terminal station information INF transmitted from the terminal station apparatus T- (n + 1) or relayed in the terminal station apparatus T- (n + 1), and controlled. The unit B-n causes the terminal station information INF to be transmitted from the transmission unit C-n to the terminal station device T- (n-1) or the monitoring device. In the relay transmission, the command information CMD and the terminal information INF are transmitted after appropriately adding header information such as an identification number for indicating the relay route.

=== Other Examples of Configuration and Operation of Terminal Station Device ===
Moreover, you may use the terminal station apparatus Tn of a structure as shown in FIG. 9 with the monitoring apparatus in one Embodiment of this invention.

  The terminal device T-n illustrated in FIG. 9 includes, for example, communication units H1-n and H2-n, a control unit Bn, and sensors En and Gn. Note that each of the communication units H1-n and H2-n has a transmission / reception function that combines the reception unit An and the transmission unit Cn of the terminal device Tn illustrated in FIG. The unit H1-n performs wireless communication with the terminal device T- (n-1) located on the monitoring device side, and the communication unit H2-n is a terminal station located on the terminal device TN side. Wireless communication is performed with the device T- (n + 1).

  The command information CMD output from the communication unit H1-n is input to the control unit B-n, and the terminal information INF output from the control unit Bn is input to the communication unit H1-n. On the other hand, terminal information INF output from the communication unit H2-n is input to the control unit Bn, and command information CMD output from the control unit Bn is input to the communication unit H2-n. . The measurement information D1 to D3 output from the sensors En or GN, respectively, are all input to the control unit Bn.

Next, the operation of the terminal device T-n will be described.
The communication unit H1-n receives the command information CMD from the terminal device T- (n-1) and outputs it to the control unit Bn. Further, the control unit B-n causes the sensors En to Gn to measure and detect the states of the respective installation locations in accordance with the command information CMD, and the sensors En to GN each measure information. D1 to D3 are output to the control unit Bn. Then, the control unit B-n generates terminal station information INF from the measurement information D1 to D3, and transmits the terminal station information INF from the communication unit H1-n to the terminal station apparatus T- (n-1).

  Further, in relay transmission of downlink communication, the communication unit H1-n receives the command information CMD transmitted from the monitoring device or relayed in the terminal device T- (n-1), and the control unit Bn The command information CMD is transmitted from the communication unit H2-n to the terminal device T- (n + 1). On the other hand, in the relay transmission of the uplink communication, the communication unit H2-n receives the terminal station information INF transmitted from the terminal station apparatus T- (n + 1) or relayed in the terminal station apparatus T- (n + 1), and is controlled. The unit B-n transmits the terminal information INF from the communication unit H1-n to the terminal device T- (n-1) or the monitoring device.

  In the terminal station device Tn shown in FIG. 8, the transmission unit Cn cannot transmit the generated terminal information INF and the received command information CMD (relay transmission) at the same time. On the other hand, since the terminal station device T-n shown in FIG. 9 can simultaneously transmit the terminal station information INF and the command information CMD from the communication units H1-n and H2-2 having transmission / reception functions, The monitoring device can receive the terminal information INF of each terminal device earlier.

=== Configuration and Operation of Monitoring Device ===
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the monitoring apparatus 1a in one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  The monitoring device 1a illustrated in FIG. 1 includes, for example, a control unit 11, a transmission unit 12, a reception unit 13, a timer 14, and a determination unit 15. Note that a reset signal RST input from the control unit 11 to the timer 14 is added to the monitoring device 1a with respect to the general monitoring device 1b illustrated in FIG.

  The transmission unit 12 and the reception unit 13 have a common antenna, a transmission signal is output from the transmission unit 12, and a reception signal is input to the reception unit 13. Further, the command information CMD output from the control unit 11 is input to the transmission unit 12, and the terminal information INF output from the reception unit 13 is input to the control unit 11. Further, the timer 14 receives a timing start signal STR, a reset signal RST, and a timing stop signal STP from the control unit 11. The elapsed time TM is input from the timer 14 and the maximum time MX is input from the control unit 11 to the determination unit 15, and the timeout signal TO output from the determination unit 15 is input to the control unit 11.

Next, the operation of the monitoring device 1a will be described.
First, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the operation | movement at the time of normal communication as shown in FIG. 2 is demonstrated. FIG. 4 shows a case where the number N of terminal devices is 5. In FIG. 4, after receiving the command information CMD, each terminal device first relays and transmits the command information CMD, and then transmits the generated terminal information INF, and the processing time TP described above. Includes a time TD and a time lag TL required for downlink communication, and the relationship between the TP, TD, and TL is TP ≧ TD + TL. However, when a terminal device that can simultaneously transmit the terminal information INF and the command information CMD as shown in FIG. 9 is used, the relationship of TP, TD, and TL is TP <TD + TL. It may be.

  The control unit 11 causes the transmission unit 12 to transmit common command information CMD for the terminal device T-1 to TN. Further, when the transmission of the command information CMD is started, the control unit 11 sets the maximum time MX to the reference time Tth1 (first reference time), and outputs a time measurement start signal STR to the timer 14 so that the elapsed time Start TM timing.

  The receiving unit 13 outputs the terminal station information INF of the terminal station devices T-1 to TN to the control unit 11 every time it receives the terminal station information INF in this order. Further, when the reception of the first terminal station information INF, that is, the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-1, is completed, the control unit 11 sets the maximum time MX to the reference time Tth2 (second reference time). . Furthermore, every time reception of the terminal station information INF is completed, the control unit 11 outputs a reset signal RST to the timer 14 to reset the elapsed time TM. Then, when the reception of all the terminal station information INF is completed, the control unit 11 outputs a timing stop signal STP to the timer 14 to stop the elapsed time TM.

  The determination unit 15 compares the elapsed time TM with the maximum time MX, determines that it is timed out when the elapsed time TM exceeds the maximum time MX, and outputs a time-out signal TO to the control unit 11.

Here, as described above, since the elapsed time TM is reset every time reception of the terminal station information INF is completed, the elapsed time TM immediately before the reception of the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-1 is completed. The value t1 of
t1 = TS [1] = TD + TP + TU
The value tn of the elapsed time TM immediately before the reception of the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-n (2 ≦ n ≦ N) is
tn = TS [n] −TS [n−1] = TD + TU + TL × 2
It becomes. Therefore, by setting the reference time Tth1 to a value equal to or greater than t1 and the reference time Tth2 to a value equal to or greater than tn, the elapsed time TM does not exceed the maximum time MX during normal communication, and the timeout signal TO is output. Not.

  Note that, as described above, the time lag TL may vary due to a random waiting time in the CSMA / CA medium access control. Also, when the data length of the terminal information INF of each terminal device is different or when header information is added during relay transmission, the time TD and TU required for downlink communication and uplink communication between the devices, respectively. May fluctuate. Even when the upper limit of the communication speed is not limited, the communication speed between the devices changes depending on the communication environment including the communication distance, and the TD and TU change. Further, the processing time TP in each terminal device may vary. Therefore, as an example, the reference times Tth1 and Tth2 are set to values obtained by adding these fluctuation ranges (difference between the maximum value and the minimum value) as allowable values to the above-described t1 and tn, respectively.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the operation when a failure occurs as shown in FIG. 3 will be described. FIG. 5 shows a case where a communication failure has occurred in the terminal device T-3.

  As in the normal communication, when the transmission of the command information CMD is started, the control unit 11 sets the maximum time MX to the reference time Tth1 and outputs a time measurement start signal STR to the timer 14 to indicate the elapsed time TM. Start timing. Further, when the reception of the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-1 is completed, the control unit 11 sets the maximum time MX to the reference time Tth2 and outputs the reset signal RST to the timer 14 to set the elapsed time TM. Reset it. Furthermore, when the reception of the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-2 is completed, the control unit 11 outputs a reset signal RST to the timer 14 to reset the elapsed time TM.

  However, since the terminal device T-3 cannot receive the command information CMD relayed by the terminal device T-2, the terminal device T-3 does not transmit the terminal information INF. Therefore, the receiving unit 13 receives the terminal information INF of the terminal device T-3 even if the time corresponding to the reference time Tth2 has elapsed since the reception of the terminal information INF of the terminal device T-2 has been completed. I can't. Therefore, since the elapsed time TM is not reset and exceeds the maximum time MX, the determination unit 15 determines that a timeout has occurred and outputs a timeout signal TO to the control unit 11. When the time-out signal TO is input, the control unit 11 outputs a timing stop signal STP to the timer 14 to stop the elapsed time TM and performs retry processing such as retransmission of the command information CMD.

  Note that when a communication failure occurs in the terminal device T-1, the receiving unit 13 is connected to the end of the terminal device T-1 even if the time corresponding to the reference time Tth1 has elapsed from the start of transmission of the command information CMD. The station information INF cannot be received. Therefore, since the elapsed time TM exceeds the maximum time MX without being reset, the determination unit 15 determines that a time-out has occurred, and the control unit 11 outputs a time stop signal STP to the timer 14 to output the elapsed time TM. While timing is stopped, retry processing such as retransmission of the command information CMD is performed.

  In this way, when the elapsed time TM exceeds the reference time Tth1 in the determination unit 15 until the reception of the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-1 is completed, the elapsed time TM becomes the reference time thereafter. By determining that a timeout occurs when Tth2 is exceeded, the time required for determining the timeout when a failure occurs can be shortened compared to the case of the general monitoring device 1b shown in FIG. In addition, it is possible to secure a larger number of retry processes that can be performed within a predetermined period. Further, in the monitoring device 1a, it is not necessary to reset the reference times Tth1 and Tth2 every time a terminal device used in the monitoring system is added or reduced.

=== Program operation ===
In the monitoring device 1a, the functions of the control unit 11, the timer 14, and the determination unit 15 are realized by a computer that transmits the command information CMD from the transmission unit 12 and receives the terminal information INF received by the reception unit 13. You can also Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 6, the operation of a program for causing the computer to realize functions corresponding to the control unit 11, the timer 14, and the determination unit 15 of the monitoring device 1a will be described.

  When transmission of the command information CMD is started from the transmission unit 12, the computer first sets the maximum time MX to the reference time Tth1 and starts measuring the elapsed time TM (S1).

  Next, in S2, if the elapsed time TM exceeds the maximum time MX (YES), it is determined that it is timed out, the elapsed time TM is stopped, and retry processing such as retransmission of the command information CMD is performed. (S9). On the other hand, when the elapsed time TM is equal to or shorter than the maximum time MX (NO), the process of S3 is performed. In S3, when the terminal station information INF of the terminal station T-1 is received by the receiving unit 13 (YES), the maximum time MX is set to the reference time Tth2 and the elapsed time TM is reset ( S4). On the other hand, when the terminal station information INF of the terminal station apparatus T-1 is not received (NO), the process of S2 is performed again.

  Next, in S5, when the elapsed time TM exceeds the maximum time MX (YES), the process of S9 is performed, and when the elapsed time TM is equal to or less than the maximum time MX (NO), the process of S6 is performed. . In S6, when the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-n (n ≧ 2) is received by the receiving unit 13 (YES), the processing of S7 is performed, and the terminal device device T-n ends. If the station information INF has not been received (NO), the process of S5 is performed again.

  Finally, in S7, if the transmission source of the terminal station information INF received by the receiving unit 13 is the terminal station device TN (YES), it is assumed that reception of all the terminal station information INF has been normally completed. Determination is made and the elapsed time TM is stopped (S8). On the other hand, when the transmission source of the terminal station information INF is not the terminal station device TN (NO), the process of S4 is performed again.

  In this way, by comparing the elapsed time TM with the maximum time MX set to the reference times Tth1 and Tth2 in S1 and S4, respectively, it is possible to determine that a timeout has occurred in S2 or S5 when a failure occurs. .

  As described above, in the monitoring device 1a, the elapsed time TM is reset every time the terminal station information INF is received, and the elapsed time TM becomes the reference time Tth1 until the terminal station information INF of the terminal station device T-1 is received. If the time is exceeded, after that, when the elapsed time TM exceeds the reference time Tth2, it is determined that the time is out, so that the time required for time-out determination when a failure occurs can be shortened.

  Further, when it is determined that a timeout has occurred, by performing retry processing such as retransmission of the command information CMD, it is possible to secure a larger number of retry processing that can be performed within a predetermined period.

  Further, in the monitoring system shown in FIG. 10, by using the monitoring device 1a together with the plurality of terminal devices T-1 to TN, the terminal devices are added or reduced without resetting the reference times Tth1 and Tth2. can do.

  Moreover, by installing the terminal devices T-1 to TN in the steel towers S-1 to SN, respectively, the state of each steel tower Sn and the state around each steel tower Sn including the power transmission line can be changed. The monitoring can be centrally performed at the substation 2 where the monitoring device 1a is installed.

  Further, in a program for causing a computer to realize the functions corresponding to the control unit 11, the timer 14, and the determination unit 15 of the monitoring device 1a, an elapsed time TM that is reset every time the terminal information INF is received is defined as a reference. By comparing with the maximum time MX set at the time Tth1 or Tth2, when a failure occurs, it can be determined that a timeout has occurred at the time of the comparison.

  In addition, the said embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and is not for limiting and interpreting this invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and equivalents thereof are also included in the present invention.

  In the said embodiment, although the monitoring system, such as a steel tower and a power transmission line, was shown in FIG. 10 as an application example of the monitoring apparatus 1a, it is not limited to this. The monitoring device 1a includes a plurality of terminal devices, and can be applied to a monitoring system in which information is relayed and transmitted between the monitoring device and each terminal device. In addition to the power system monitoring system, gas and water It can also be applied to other system monitoring systems. In addition, in the power transmission system monitoring system as shown in FIG. 10, since adjacent steel towers on which overhead transmission lines are installed are in line of sight, for example, multi-hop communication is performed using a wireless LAN or the like of IEEE 802.11 standard. Although it is suitable for performing, the monitoring apparatus 1a is applicable also to the monitoring system which performs wired communication between each terminal station apparatus.

  In the embodiment described above, the monitoring device 1a and the program can identify the transmission source of the terminal information INF by header information or the like appropriately added at the time of relay transmission, but is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 4, during normal communication, the receiving unit 13 receives the terminal station information INF of the terminal station apparatuses T-1 to TN in this order, and thus identifies the transmission source of the terminal station information INF. The maximum time MX may be set to the reference time Tth2 according to the reception of the first terminal information INF, and the elapsed time TM may be stopped according to the reception of the Nth terminal information INF. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b Monitoring apparatus 2 Substation 11 Control part 12 Transmission part 13 Reception part 14 Timer 15 Judgment part Sn (1 <= n <= N) Steel tower TN (1 <= n <= N) Terminal unit A- n (1 ≦ n ≦ N) receiving unit Bn (1 ≦ n ≦ N) control unit Cn (1 ≦ n ≦ N) transmitting unit En, Fn, Gn (1 ≦ n ≦ N) N) Sensor H1-n, H2-n (1 ≦ n ≦ N) Communication unit

Claims (5)

A monitoring device,
A transmitter that transmits command information for transmitting terminal information from each of the plurality of terminal devices, received while being relay-transmitted in a predetermined order by the plurality of terminal devices;
A receiving unit that receives the terminal information relayed and transmitted by the plurality of terminal devices in an order opposite to the predetermined order;
A timer for measuring an elapsed time since the transmission unit started transmitting the command information;
When the elapsed time exceeds a first reference time until the receiving unit first receives the terminal information, and after the receiving unit first receives the terminal information, the elapsed time is second. A determination unit that determines a timeout when the reference time of
When the reception unit receives the terminal information transmitted from any of the plurality of terminal devices, the timer resets the elapsed time, and the reception unit receives all the terminal information and A controller that causes the timer to stop counting the elapsed time when the determination unit determines that a timeout has occurred;
I have a,
The first reference time is
A first communication time required for downlink communication in which the command information is relayed and transmitted in the predetermined order between the monitoring device and each of the plurality of terminal devices;
A second communication time required for uplink communication in which the terminal information is relay-transmitted in the opposite order between the devices;
In each of the plurality of terminal devices, the processing time required from the completion of reception of the command information to the start of transmission of the terminal information,
The first communication time, the second communication time, and the variation width of the processing time is set to a value added as an allowable value,
The second reference time is
The first communication time;
The second communication time;
In each of the plurality of terminal devices, a time that is twice the time lag that occurs when relaying the received command information or the terminal information,
The first communication time, the second communication time, and monitoring device according to claim Rukoto is set to a value obtained by adding the allowable value range of variation of the time lag.   The monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit causes the transmission unit to retransmit the command information when the determination unit determines that a timeout has occurred. A monitoring device;
A plurality of relay transmissions in a predetermined order while receiving the command information transmitted from the monitoring device, and a relay transmission in the order opposite to the predetermined order while transmitting each terminal information according to the command information A terminal device;
With
The monitoring device
A transmission unit for transmitting the command information;
A receiving unit for receiving the terminal information;
A timer for measuring an elapsed time since the transmission unit started transmitting the command information;
When the elapsed time exceeds a first reference time until the receiving unit first receives the terminal information, and after the receiving unit first receives the terminal information, the elapsed time is second. A determination unit that determines a timeout when the reference time of
When the reception unit receives the terminal information transmitted from any of the plurality of terminal devices, the timer resets the elapsed time, and the reception unit receives all the terminal information and A controller that causes the timer to stop counting the elapsed time when the determination unit determines that a timeout has occurred;
I have a,
The first reference time is
A first communication time required for downlink communication in which the command information is relayed and transmitted in the predetermined order between the monitoring device and each of the plurality of terminal devices;
A second communication time required for uplink communication in which the terminal information is relay-transmitted in the opposite order between the devices;
In each of the plurality of terminal devices, the processing time required from the completion of reception of the command information to the start of transmission of the terminal information,
The first communication time, the second communication time, and the variation width of the processing time is set to a value added as an allowable value,
The second reference time is
The first communication time;
The second communication time;
In each of the plurality of terminal devices, a time that is twice the time lag that occurs when relaying the received command information or the terminal information,
The first communication time, the monitoring system to the second communication time, and the width of variation of the time lag is set to a value obtained by adding the tolerance value, wherein Rukoto. The plurality of terminal devices are each installed on a steel tower that supports a power transmission line,
The terminal information is the state of the transmission line, the state of the steel tower, or the state around the steel tower, or a combination thereof,
The monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the terminal station information and the command information are wirelessly transmitted. A transmitter that transmits command information for transmitting terminal information from each of the plurality of terminal devices, received while being relay-transmitted in a predetermined order by the plurality of terminal devices;
A receiving unit that receives the terminal information relayed and transmitted by the plurality of terminal devices in an order opposite to the predetermined order;
On a computer with
A function of measuring an elapsed time since the transmission unit started transmitting the command information;
When the elapsed time exceeds a first reference time until the receiving unit first receives the terminal information, and after the receiving unit first receives the terminal information, the elapsed time is second. When it exceeds the reference time of
The elapsed time is reset every time the receiving unit receives the terminal information transmitted from any of the plurality of terminal devices, and when the receiving unit has received all the terminal information and when the time-out occurs In the case of a determination result that there is, a function to stop the counting of the elapsed time;
A program for realizing a
The first reference time is
A first communication time required for downlink communication in which the command information is relayed and transmitted in the predetermined order between the monitoring device and each of the plurality of terminal devices;
A second communication time required for uplink communication in which the terminal information is relay-transmitted in the opposite order between the devices;
In each of the plurality of terminal devices, the processing time required from the completion of reception of the command information to the start of transmission of the terminal information,
The first communication time, the second communication time, and the variation width of the processing time is set to a value added as an allowable value,
The second reference time is
The first communication time;
The second communication time;
In each of the plurality of terminal devices, a time that is twice the time lag that occurs when relaying the received command information or the terminal information,
The program is set to a value obtained by adding the first communication time, the second communication time, and the fluctuation width of the time lag as an allowable value .

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