JP5481677B2 - 生体内に蓄積した粒子の分析方法 - Google Patents
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Description
(i)フローサイトメトリーを利用する方法
食細胞のマーカーとしてCD18bがよく知られている。そこで、フローサイトメトリーを利用して、CD18bを発現している細胞(CD18bポジティブの細胞)のみを選択的に回収することにより、食細胞のみを回収することができる。
(ii)細胞の吸着性の違いを利用する方法
食細胞は他の白血球に比べて、一般的に、高い吸着性を示している。例えば、採取した血液を細胞培養ディッシュにいれ、一晩静止しておくと、吸着性がない(小さい)赤血球、T細胞およびB細胞などは培養液中に浮いたままとなる。これに対して、吸着性の高い食細胞は培養ディッシュ底面に吸着する。この状態で培養ディッシュを洗浄すると、吸着した食細胞のみが底面に残ることになる。このように吸着性の違いを利用して、容易に食細胞を選択的に回収することができる。
(iii)比重の違いを利用する方法
比重遠心法による単核細胞を分離することによって、食細胞を得ることができる。あらかじめ2倍量に希釈した血液を遠心菅に入れた高比重細胞分離液(Histopaque1119、Ficoll-paqueなど)の上に重層し、700Gの条件で30分間遠心する。遠心分離によって、食細胞、リンパ球および単球を含む末梢血単核細胞は、黄色味を帯びている血漿と透明な分離液との中間に、白い帯状の層として観察される。一方、赤血球および顆粒球は遠心菅の底に沈む。白い帯状の単核細胞層をパスツールピペットで吸い上げるように回収する。なお、単核細胞の中には食細胞だけでなく、単球およびリンパ球など他の細胞も含んでいる。そのため、さらに遠心分離をおこなったりすることが好ましい。
粒径7nmのアナターゼ型二酸化チタンを飛散させた微細粒子曝露装置内において、近交系マウス(5週齢のA/Jマウス)を飼育し、呼吸器経路で6ヶ月間、二酸化チタンの曝露を続けた。曝露後のマウスから静脈血を採取し、採取した血液からマクロファージを回収した。次いで、ラマン分光顕微鏡を用いて、マクロファージを観察し、ラマン散乱スペクトルを得た。結果を図5に示す。また、ラマン散乱スペクトルの分析条件を表1に示す。
粒径7nmのアナターゼ型二酸化チタンを飛散させた微細粒子曝露装置内において、近交系マウス(5週齢のA/Jマウス)を飼育し、呼吸器経路で6ヶ月間、二酸化チタンの曝露を続けた。曝露後のマウスから喀痰検査法により肺内洗浄液(喀痰)を採取し、肺内洗浄液から肺胞内マクロファージを回収した。次いで、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて、回収した肺胞内マクロファージを観察した。観察結果を図7に示す。
Claims (8)
- 生体から採取した体液中の食細胞を観察して、該食細胞に蓄積している粒子を検出する工程を含み、
上記食細胞を観察する前に、上記生体から採取した体液から、細胞の吸着性の違いを利用して上記食細胞を回収することによって、上記食細胞を濃縮することを特徴とする、曝露によって生体内に蓄積した粒子の分析方法。 - 生体から採取した体液中の食細胞を観察して、該食細胞に蓄積している粒子を検出する工程を含み、
上記食細胞を観察する前に、上記生体から採取した体液から、フローサイトメトリーを利用して上記食細胞を回収することによって、上記食細胞を濃縮することを特徴とする、曝露によって生体内に蓄積した粒子の分析方法。 - 生体から採取した体液中の食細胞を観察して、該食細胞に蓄積している粒子を検出する工程を含み、
上記食細胞を観察する前に、上記生体から採取した体液から、比重の違いを利用して上記食細胞を回収することによって、上記食細胞を濃縮することを特徴とする、曝露によって生体内に蓄積した粒子の分析方法。 - 上記体液は、血液または喀痰であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の分析方法。
- ラマン分光顕微鏡を用いて上記食細胞を観察し、ラマン散乱スペクトルによって該食細胞に蓄積した上記粒子を検出することを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の分析方法。
- 上記粒子が二酸化チタンであり、上記ラマン散乱スペクトルにおける148cm−1のピークを指標として、上記食細胞に蓄積している二酸化チタンを検出することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の分析方法。
- 透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて上記食細胞を観察することによって、該食細胞に蓄積した上記粒子を検出することを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の分析方法。
- 上記食細胞を観察する前に、上記食細胞を標識することを特徴とする請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の分析方法。
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