JP5473856B2 - Inspection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an inspection device that inspects a gap between a mounting recess that appears on an inner wall surface of an intake / exhaust port and a valve seat.

  The cylinder head of the engine is formed with an intake port and an exhaust port (hereinafter referred to as an intake / exhaust port) that open to the combustion chamber. A valve seat in contact with the intake valve and the exhaust valve is press-fitted into a mounting recess formed at the open end of the intake / exhaust port. In order to prevent compression leakage from the press-fitted valve seat, it is important to manage the press-fit state of the valve seat with respect to the mounting recess. That is, it is necessary to inspect the width dimension of the gap between the valve seat and the mounting recess, but inspecting the width dimension of the gap using a gap gauge or the like increases the inspection cost and the inspection result. It was a factor that impaired the stability. In view of this, there has been proposed an inspection apparatus that obtains image data by imaging the inner wall surface of the intake / exhaust port and determines the width dimension of the gap from the image data (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-256162 A

  By the way, in the inspection apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of light emitting diodes are attached to the inspection head inserted into the intake / exhaust port in order to brightly illuminate the inner wall surface of the intake / exhaust port during imaging. However, mounting a light source such as a light emitting diode on an inspection head that is required to be downsized has been a factor in increasing the cost of the inspection apparatus. Moreover, in the inspection device of Patent Document 1, since the light is irradiated perpendicularly to the inner wall surface of the intake / exhaust port, the irradiated light enters directly into the back of the gap, and not only the inner wall surface. There is a possibility that the gap is also brightly imaged. In this way, irradiating light perpendicularly to the inner wall surface of the intake / exhaust port blurs the boundary between the inner wall surface and the gap in the image data, leading to false detection of the gap and lowering the inspection accuracy. It was a factor.

  An object of the present invention is to improve inspection accuracy while suppressing costs in an inspection apparatus that inspects a gap between a mounting recess and a valve seat appearing on an inner wall surface of an intake / exhaust port.

Inspection apparatus according to the present invention includes a scope body whose ends are inserted into air intake port or an exhaust port of the cylinder head, the gap between the air intake port or mounting recess appearing on the inner wall surface of the exhaust port and the valve seat An inspection device for inspecting, provided at a base portion of the scope main body, provided with a light projecting portion for irradiating light toward an end portion of the scope main body, and provided at an end portion of the scope main body, from the light projecting portion A light reflecting portion that reflects the light radially outward, a light receiving portion that captures light from the radially outer side, and a central axis of the valve seat. an axis, said anda driving means for rotating the scope body, wherein at the time of the inspection the end of the scope body is inserted into the air intake port or the exhaust port, the reflective portion of the light from the light projecting portion By Reflects Te, the intake air to the port or from the inside of the exhaust port shine the inner wall surface, wherein at the time of inspection of the exhaust port, is matched with the central axis of the central shaft and the scope body of said valve seat, said valve seat The scope body rotates with the central axis of the scope as the rotation axis, and when the intake port is inspected, the central axis of the valve seat is separated from the central axis of the scope body, and the scope axis with the central axis of the valve seat as the rotation axis The body is revolved so that the distance between the light receiving portion and the inner wall surface is kept constant at both the exhaust port inspection and the exhaust port inspection while the light receiving portion is placed at a plurality of locations on the inner wall surface. It is made to oppose .

  The inspection apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the reflected light from the reflecting portion is irradiated radially outward while being inclined with respect to the central axis of the scope body.

  The inspection apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the reflected light from the reflecting portion is irradiated obliquely with respect to the inner wall surface.

  The inspection apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that the reflection surface of the reflection portion is formed in a tapered surface shape that extends toward the tip of the scope body.

According to the present invention, the end of the scope body to be inserted into air intake port or exhaust port. Thus providing the reflecting portion for reflecting light from the light projecting unit, from the inside of the intake and exhaust ports by the reflective portion It becomes possible to illuminate the inner wall surface. As described above, since the inner wall surface can be brightly illuminated using the reflection portion, it is possible to increase the inspection accuracy while suppressing the cost.

(a) And (b) is the schematic which shows the structure of a cylinder head. It is explanatory drawing which shows the test | inspection condition by the test | inspection apparatus which is one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows a cylinder head and a scope main body. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of an inspection apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the inspection condition by an inspection apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the inspection condition of an exhaust port from the arrow A direction of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the test | inspection condition of an intake port. (a) And (b) is a perspective view which shows a part of scope main body with which the inspection apparatus which is other embodiment of this invention is provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic views showing the structure of the cylinder head 10. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the cylinder head 10 is formed with an intake port 12 and an exhaust port 13 that open to the combustion chamber 11. In the following description, the intake port 12 and the exhaust port 13 are collectively referred to as intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13. As shown in FIG. 1A, a mounting recess 14 is formed at the open ends of the intake and exhaust ports 12 and 13, and as shown in FIG. 1B, a valve seat 15 is press-fitted into the mounting recess 14. Has been. Since the poor press-fit of the valve seat 15 is a factor that causes a compression leak or the like, the press-fit state of the valve seat 15 is checked by inspecting the gap X between the lower end surface 15a of the valve seat 15 and the seating surface 14a of the mounting recess 14. Are managed appropriately.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an inspection state by the inspection apparatus 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the cylinder head 10 and the scope main body 21. Further, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of the inspection apparatus 20. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the cylinder head 10 that is the object to be inspected is transported to a predetermined inspection stage, the robot arm 22 as a driving means for holding the scope main body 21 causes the scope main body 21 to move to the cylinder head. It moves toward 10 intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the scope main body 21 constituting the inspection apparatus 20 has a rod member 23 having a hollow structure as a base portion. The rod member 23 is provided with an illumination unit 25 as a light projecting unit including a plurality of light emitting diodes 24. Further, an insertion shaft 26 having a hollow structure is provided at an end portion of the rod member 23, and a reflection plate 27 as a reflection portion is provided at the tip of the insertion shaft 26. As described above, the illumination unit 25 is provided on the rod member (base part) 23 of the scope body 21, and the reflection plate 27 is provided on the distal end part (end part) 28 of the scope body 21.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a camera unit 30 constituted by an imaging device such as a CCD image sensor is attached to the end of the rod member 23 on the robot arm 22 side. In addition, a light receiving window 31 is formed on the insertion shaft 26 positioned between the illumination unit 25 and the reflecting plate 27 as a light receiving portion that takes in light from radially outward. Furthermore, a mirror 32 that reflects light taken from the light receiving window 31 toward the camera unit 30 is installed inside the insertion shaft 26. In addition, the light from the outside in the radial direction taken into the light receiving window 31 means light from the outside of the scope body 21 toward the center.

  When the gap X is inspected using the scope main body 21, the distal end portion 28 of the scope main body 21 is inserted into the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13 until the light receiving window 31 faces the gap X. As a result, the reflected light from the inner wall surface 33 (hereinafter referred to as the port inner wall surface) of the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13 is taken from the light receiving window 31 as indicated by the arrow α and then mirror 32 as indicated by the arrow β. And is guided to the camera unit 30. Then, the image data of the port inner wall surface 33 imaged by the camera unit 30 is transmitted to the image analysis device 34 constituted by a microcomputer or the like.

  In the image analysis device 34, after noise removal of the image data, image quality adjustment, and the like are performed, a binarization process is performed to divide the brightness of the image data into “0” and “1” with a predetermined value as a boundary. That is, in the binarized image data, the bright port inner wall surface 33 and the dark gap X are identified by “0” and “1”. Then, the image analysis device 34 determines whether or not the width dimension W of the gap X is within an allowable range using the image data that has been subjected to the binarization process. In order to obtain such inspection image data with high accuracy, it is necessary to brightly illuminate the port inner wall surface 33 at the stage of imaging the port inner wall surface 33. Furthermore, it is important to irradiate the port inner wall surface 33 with light so as not to make a shadow due to deposits, burrs, chips, etc. while making a shadow with respect to the gap X.

  Here, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an inspection situation by the inspection apparatus 20. As shown in FIG. 5, when imaging the port inner wall surface 33, the distal end portion 28 of the scope body 21 is inserted into the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13 until the light receiving window 31 faces the gap X. Light is irradiated from the illumination unit 25 toward the distal end portion 28 of the scope main body 21, and this light is reflected radially outward (outside from the center of the scope main body 21) by the reflecting plate 27. Thereby, since the port inner wall surface 33 can be brightly illuminated from the inside of the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13, the port inner wall surface 33 can be imaged satisfactorily, and the inspection accuracy of the gap X can be increased. Further, since the distal end portion 28 of the scope main body 21 that is required to be downsized has a simple structure including the reflecting plate 27, it is possible to achieve cost reduction of the scope main body 21. Furthermore, since the illumination unit 25 is disposed outside the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13, the illumination unit 25 is not required to be excessively miniaturized. From this point, the cost of the scope body 21 can be reduced. Can be achieved.

  In addition, the reflection surface 27 a of the reflection plate 27 is formed in a tapered surface shape that extends toward the tip of the scope main body 21. As a result, the reflected light from the reflecting plate 27 is irradiated radially outward while being inclined with respect to the central axis CL of the scope main body 21 as indicated by a broken arrow in FIG. That is, the reflected light from the reflecting plate 27 is not irradiated perpendicularly to the port inner wall surface 33, but is obliquely irradiated to the port inner wall surface 33, as indicated by a broken arrow in FIG. Will be. In this way, by irradiating light to the port inner wall surface 33 obliquely, the light does not enter directly into the gap X, and a shadow can be applied to the gap X. That is, since the gap X can be shaded while brightly illuminating the port inner wall surface 33, the gap X can be detected from the image data with high accuracy, and the inspection accuracy of the gap X can be increased. .

  Further, the port inner wall surface 33 facing the light receiving window 31 is illuminated not only from the inside of the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13 by the reflecting plate 27 but also from the outside of the intake / exhaust ports 12 and 13 by the illumination unit 25. Yes. As described above, since light is irradiated to the port inner wall surface 33 from various angles, it is possible to eliminate shadows due to deposits, burrs and the like from the port inner wall surface 33, and to obtain image data for inspection with high accuracy. It becomes possible.

  Next, the rotation operation of the scope main body 21 will be described. Here, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the inspection status of the exhaust port 13 from the direction of arrow A in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the robot arm 22 has an exhaust port so that the central axis C1 of the valve seat 15 and the central axis CL of the scope main body 21 coincide with each other in order to focus the scope main body 21 on the port inner wall surface 33. 13, the distal end portion 28 of the scope main body 21 is inserted. That is, the scope main body 21 shown in the figure is designed so that it is focused on the port inner wall surface 33 when the distance between the port inner wall surface 33 and the light receiving unit 31 reaches the distance L. Each time the port inner wall surface 33 is imaged by the camera unit 30, the robot arm 22 rotates the scope body 21 by a predetermined angle (for example, 90 °). That is, a plurality of port inner wall surfaces 33 are imaged while rotating (spinning) the scope body 21 around the central axis C1 of the valve seat 15 as a rotation axis. In this manner, by imaging the plurality of port inner wall surfaces 33 for each exhaust port 13, the inspection accuracy of the gap X can be increased.

  Next, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the inspection status of the intake port 12. 7 shows the inspection status from the same direction as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, when inspecting the intake port 12 having a diameter larger than that of the exhaust port 13, the distance between the light receiving window 31 and the port inner wall surface 33 is set to a distance L in order to focus on the port inner wall surface 33. Until it becomes, the scope main body 21 is moved toward the port inner wall surface 33 (arrow α). Thereafter, the scope main body 21 is rotated (revolved) about the central axis C2 of the valve seat 15 as a rotation axis, so that the distance L between the light receiving window 31 and the port inner wall surface 33 is kept constant, and a plurality of port inner wall surfaces are maintained. 33 will be imaged. Thus, when inspecting the gap X between the valve seats 15 having different diameters, the port inner wall surface 33 can be kept focused, and clear image data can be captured. As described above, since the gap X between the valve seats 15 having various diameters can be inspected using the same scope main body 21, the versatility of the inspection device 20 can be enhanced and the inspection cost can be greatly reduced. Become. When inspecting cylinder heads 10 having different specifications using the same inspection device 20, the diameter dimension of the valve seat 15 is recognized from production information, head bolt ID, etc., and the scope body 21 is moved along an appropriate path. Will be moved.

  FIGS. 8A and 8B are perspective views showing a part of scope bodies 40 and 41 provided in an inspection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. First, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, the light emitting diode 24 of the illumination unit 25 described above is disposed over the entire circumference so as to surround the insertion shaft 26, but the structure of the illumination unit 25 is illustrated. The structure is not limited. If the inner wall surface 33 of the port can be appropriately illuminated, for example, as shown in FIG. 8A, the light emitting diode 43 of the illumination unit (light projecting unit) 42 may be partially arranged. Further, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, the distal end portion 28 of the scope main body 21 is provided with a tapered reflecting plate 27, but the reflecting plate 27 is not limited to the illustrated shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 8B, the reflector (reflector) 44 may be formed in a polygonal pyramid shape. Further, the reflecting plate may not be provided over the entire circumference, but may be installed only at a position corresponding to the light receiving window 31 to reduce the size of the distal end portion 28 of the scope main body 21.

  It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above description, the gap X is inspected using the binarized image data. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the gap X is used using image data including a grayscale image or a color image. May be inspected. In the above description, the illumination unit 25 is configured by the light emitting diode 24, but the illumination unit 25 may be configured by using another light source. Furthermore, in the case shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, four image data are captured for each of the intake and exhaust ports 12 and 13, but the present invention is not limited to this, and more image data is captured. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cylinder head 12 Intake port 13 Exhaust port 14 Mounting recessed part 15 Valve seat 20 Inspection apparatus 21 Scope main body 22 Robot arm (drive means)
23 Rod member (base)
25 Lighting unit (light projecting part)
27 Reflector (reflector)
27a Reflecting surface 28 Tip (end)
31 Light receiving window (light receiving part)
33 Port inner wall (inner wall)
40, 41 Scope body 42 Illumination unit (light projecting unit)
44 Reflector (Reflector)
X Clearance C1, C2 Center axis

Claims (4)

An inspection apparatus ends the air intake port or an exhaust port of the cylinder head includes a scope body to be inserted, to inspect the gap between the air intake port or mounting recess appearing on the inner wall surface of the exhaust port and the valve seat ,
A light projecting unit that is provided at the base of the scope body and irradiates light toward an end of the scope body;
A reflecting portion provided at an end of the scope body, and reflecting light from the light projecting portion radially outward;
A light receiving portion that is provided between a base portion and an end portion of the scope body, and that captures light from radially outward ;
Driving means for rotating the scope body with the central axis of the valve seat as a rotation axis ;
Wherein at the time of the inspection the end of the scope body is inserted into the air intake port or the exhaust port, the light from the light projecting section is reflected by the reflective portion, the inside from the interior of the air intake port or the exhaust port to shine the wall,
When inspecting the exhaust port, the central axis of the valve seat and the central axis of the scope body coincide with each other, the scope body rotates with the central axis of the valve seat as a rotation axis,
When inspecting the intake port, the central axis of the valve seat and the central axis of the scope body are separated, the scope body is revolved with the central axis of the valve seat as a rotation axis,
The light receiving portion is made to face a plurality of locations on the inner wall surface while maintaining a constant distance between the light receiving portion and the inner wall surface at both the inspection of the exhaust port and the inspection of the exhaust port. Characteristic inspection device. The inspection apparatus according to claim 1,
The inspection apparatus is characterized in that the reflected light from the reflection portion is irradiated radially outward while being inclined with respect to the central axis of the scope body. The inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The inspection apparatus characterized in that the reflected light from the reflection section is irradiated obliquely with respect to the inner wall surface. In the inspection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reflection surface of the reflection portion is formed in a tapered surface shape that extends to a distal end of the scope body.

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