JP5470501B1 - Gravel cultivation bed - Google Patents

Abstract

In a gravel cultivation using a gravel mixture as a cultivation floor, a gravel cultivation bed having a structure capable of allowing a crop to absorb sufficient nutrients is provided.
A gravel cultivation bed 1 comprises a bottom surface portion 2, a water collecting portion 4 formed on the bottom surface portion, and a wall surface portion 3 erected from an edge of the bottom surface portion. The surface portion is formed with an inclined surface 21 inclined downward so as to flow to the water collecting portion, and a two-stage dam portion 22 disposed across the inclined surface so as to block the flow of the inclined surface. Features. Moreover, while forming the said bottom face part in a rectangular shape, a water collection part is formed in the groove part 4 extended along a longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the one end side or both ends of the longitudinal direction of a bottom face part are open | released, and this edge part is comprised so that connection with the edge part of another gravel cultivation bed is possible.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydroponics beds used for crop cultivation, and in particular, a gravel mixture containing organic fertilizer is used as the cultivation bed, and the nutrients eluted by spraying water and culture solution are added to the crop. The present invention relates to a gravel cultivation bed used for a cultivation method to be absorbed.

  For conventional crop cultivation using organic farming, organic fertilizer is applied to the soil that is the cultivation floor, and hydroponic cultivation methods that allow the crop to absorb water that has been brought into contact with organic fertilizer and inorganic component supply materials, or inorganic component supply materials A method has been devised in which an organic fertilizer is added to a gravel mixture consisting of a cultivated floor, a culture solution in which water or chemical fertilizer is dissolved is sprayed on the mixture, and the eluted nutrients are absorbed by the crop.

  Some of these cultivation methods have been put into practical use, and further research and development are progressing. Examples of these specific cultivation methods are disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  Cultivation methods that do not use soil, particularly when the gravel mixture disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used as a cultivation floor, a cultivation bed that presents a substantially bowl-shaped body mainly formed from a polystyrene foam material in a U-shaped container in cross-section. I used it. This cultivation bed accommodates the above-mentioned gravel mixture and planted a desired crop. In addition to the water sprayed on the cultivation floor and the drainage means for the culture solution, the cultivation bed has a configuration in which a plurality of cultivation beds can be connected in the longitudinal direction.

  For example, the cultivation bed disclosed in Patent Document 2 is configured to eliminate the bias of the culture solution in the longitudinal direction with respect to the gradient of the bed ground surface, and is connected to the connection end of the concave cultivation tank. It is the structure which forms the weir part of predetermined height with respect to a longitudinal direction.

JP 2007-228979 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-178946

  When using a gravel mixture as a cultivation bed, the conventional cultivation bed has a faster water permeation rate of the sprayed water and culture solution than the soil cultivation bed, and the nutrient absorption from the root is not sufficiently performed. There was a problem of drainage from the drainage channel at the bottom of the bed. Although this wastewater can be circulated and reused, the current situation is that sufficient infiltration of water and culture solution into the roots has not been solved.

  From this point of view, the cultivation bed of Patent Document 2 described above has the following problems when used in a cultivation method using a gravel mixture as a cultivation bed.

  The cultivation bed of Patent Document 2 is provided with a weir only at the longitudinal end of the bed in order to eliminate the unevenness in the amount of the culture solution. With this configuration, although the technical effect of suppressing the influence of the bias in the longitudinal direction of the culture medium is exhibited, the bias in the short direction cannot be suppressed. In other words, since a drainage groove with a step portion is provided in the center of the inner floor surface of the bed, the drainage needs to exceed this step portion. Since the culture solution is biased on the side, it may have an adverse effect on crop growth.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and in gravel cultivation for hydroponics, particularly a gravel mixture using a gravel mixture as a cultivation floor, it is possible to allow a crop to absorb sufficient nutrients. A bed for gravel cultivation is provided.

  In order to solve the above problems, the bed for gravel cultivation according to the present invention is configured as follows.

  That is, it comprises a bottom surface portion, a water collecting portion formed on the bottom surface portion, and a wall surface portion erected from an edge portion of the bottom surface portion, and the lower surface portion descends so as to flow to the water collecting portion. Inclined inclined surfaces and weir portions arranged at one or more places so as to block the flow of the inclined surfaces are formed.

  The gravel cultivation bed configured as described above has a container shape with an upper opening from the arrangement of the bottom surface and the wall surface. In addition, the weir portion arranged to dam the flow of the inclined surface is formed in a direction crossing the inclined surface, and the shape in which the ridges are continuous as long as it is a shape that temporarily blocks the flow of water However, it may be changed to a form having a part that notches a part and promotes flow and a part that dams up.

  In addition, if the bed for gravel cultivation is a container shape, the shape in plan view may be a rectangular shape, a square shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a long shape that is curved as a whole.

  With the gravel cultivation bed configured as described above, the sprayed water and the culture solution flow quickly toward the water collection section along the inclined surface, while the flow is blocked by the dam section, temporarily in this part It will stay.

  As the material for the bed for gravel cultivation, a styrene foam material that is easy to mold, lightweight and excellent in heat retention is suitable.

  Moreover, the bed for gravel cultivation of this application is good also as a structure which formed the water collecting part in the groove part extended along a longitudinal direction while forming a bottom face part in a rectangular shape. In other words, the groove functions as a water channel or a drainage channel, and one or a plurality of the grooves can be formed as appropriate. The inclined surface of the bottom surface portion is inclined downward toward the groove portion, and the inclined surface also increases depending on the arrangement state.

  In the gravel cultivation bed adopting the groove shape, in order to limit the flow of water to one direction in the short direction, the number of grooves is one from the viewpoint of the formation of the inclined surface and the simplification of the configuration. The formation position is preferably near one wall surface.

  When this groove portion is formed on the one side wall surface portion, the entire bottom surface portion has one inclined surface that is inclined downward in one direction, and the water and the culture solution become a so-called single flow. In this case, when water or a culture solution is sprayed on the upper side opposite to the groove, the flowing direction can be limited to one direction along the inclination. However, it is necessary to select the arrangement of the groove and the inclined surface in consideration of the variety of the crop, the arrangement relationship of the means for spraying the water and the culture solution onto the cultivation floor, and the like.

  Furthermore, the bed for gravel cultivation of the present application is characterized in that one end portion or both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface portion are opened and the end portions can be connected. By the way, the bed for gravel cultivation with both ends open has a long cocoon shape. When this form is adopted, a plurality of gravel cultivation beds can be connected in the longitudinal direction.

  In addition, it is suitable for the bed for gravel cultivation that opens only one end side in the longitudinal direction to be arranged on the end side of the entire bed to be connected.

  The bed for gravel cultivation according to the present invention configured as described above can temporarily hold a part of the water or the culture solution sprayed by the unique configuration with the weir portion of the inclined surface. As a result, the crop can sufficiently absorb nutrients through the roots from the water or the culture solution remaining in the weir.

  In addition, since the bottom surface is provided with an inclined surface, the flow direction of water and culture solution in the entire bed for gravel cultivation can be grasped in advance, and the spraying location of water and culture solution according to the variety and growth state of the crop. You can adjust the spread rate.

  While the cultivation bed for gravel cultivation according to the invention of the present application has the above technical effect, the drainage of the entire bed is ensured as usual, and the effect of suppressing the root rot of crops and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria is also achieved. Is maintained.

  Furthermore, by forming the bottom part of the bed for gravel cultivation according to the present invention in a rectangular shape, the water collecting part can be formed in a straight channel-like groove part, and the inclined surface is composed of a simple plane that is inclined downward toward the groove part. can do. As a result, the bed structure for gravel cultivation can be simplified.

  In addition, by opening the longitudinal direction of the bottom of the bed for gravel cultivation and forming the whole in a bowl shape, multiple beds can be connected in the longitudinal direction, which can be adapted to crop varieties and number of cultivation, and more versatile Can be increased.

It is a partially notched perspective view which shows the use condition of the bed for gravel cultivation based on this invention. It is a partial notch assembly perspective view which shows until it is set as the usage pattern of the bed for gravel cultivation based on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the bed for gravel cultivation based on this invention. It is explanatory drawing (A) and (B) which show the connection aspect of the bed for gravel cultivation based on this invention. It is effect | action explanatory drawing (A) of the bed for gravel cultivation concerning this invention, and a partial enlarged view (B).

  The best embodiment of a gravel cultivation bed (hereinafter abbreviated as “bed”) according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the usage state of the bed of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway assembly perspective view showing the use state of the bed, and FIG. It is sectional drawing and FIG. 4 is explanatory drawing (A) and (B) which show the connection aspect of a bed.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1, the bed 1 of this embodiment has a resin net N placed on the inside thereof, and stores coral sand and a gravel mixture B formed by firing the coral sand on the inside, as well as desired. The crop C is planted, and water and a culture solution w (hereinafter referred to as “water etc.”) are further sprayed on the gravel mixture B through the spray tube 7 for use.

Next, the configuration of the bed 1 will be described in detail below.
The bed 1 of the present embodiment mainly includes a long thick plate-like bottom surface portion 2 and a wall surface portion 3 erected so as to face the long side edge portion of the bottom surface portion 2. It is formed so as to exhibit a shape. As a material for forming the bed 1, a foamed polystyrene material that is easy to form and is lightweight and excellent in heat retention is employed.

  In addition, on the inner side surface of the bottom surface portion 2, a groove portion 4 having a rectangular cross section that is dug down by one step along the longitudinal direction of one wall surface portion 3 is formed. Here, the groove part 4 functions as a water collecting part for water or the like sprayed on the bed 1. In the groove portion 4, a mesh-shaped underdrain pipe 5 is disposed in order to improve the drainage function.

  Further, an inclined surface 21 is formed on the bottom surface portion 2. This inclined surface 21 adds a flow of water or the like w to the groove portion 4 and is formed by inclining the entire inside of the bottom surface portion 2 excluding the groove portion 4 with a predetermined inclination angle toward the groove portion 4. ing.

  A dam portion 22 is formed on the inclined surface 21 so as to dam the flow of water or the like w. This dam portion 22 is formed in two steps at a predetermined interval so as to cross the inclined surface 21 inclined downward to the groove portion 4. The shape of the weir portion 22 is formed in a semicircular cross-sectional projection shape in this embodiment, but is not limited to this shape. Can be changed to an appropriate shape capable of blocking.

  Further, in this embodiment, the weir portion 22 is continuously formed in a two-step shape in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface portion 2, but the number of steps is increased or decreased, cut out in the middle, or at least the flow of water or the like w May be appropriately changed as long as it can be temporarily blocked.

  Further, at the position of the inclined surface 21 avoiding the dam portion 22 formed in two steps, two pipe recesses 23 dug into a semicircular cross section are formed along the longitudinal direction of the inclined surface 21. In the pipe recess 23, a temperature control medium 6 for circulating a temperature control medium of the bed 1, for example, hot water or oil, is disposed.

  On both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface portion 2, a collar portion 24 is formed on one side and a receiving portion 25 is formed on the other side so that the plurality of beds 1 can be connected to each other. As shown in FIG. 4, the flange portion 24 has an aspect in which a protrusion protrudes upward in a hook shape, and the receiving portion 25 has a downward concave shape that engages with the flange portion 24 raised from below. In addition, about the connection aspect of the bed 1, it demonstrates collectively after description of the structure of the wall surface part 3 mentioned later.

  The wall surface portion 3 is a plate-like body that is erected from both side edges in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface portion 2, and has a slightly thin outer side on the upper end side. The upper end side of the wall surface portion 3 is made slightly thin so that the end of the net N can be easily fixed to the wall surface by some kind of stopper or can be easily gripped by a person during transportation.

  Further, in the longitudinal direction of both end portions of the wall surface portion 3, a connecting convex portion 31 and a connecting concave portion 32 that allow the bed 1 to be connected to each other are formed in cooperation with the flange portion 24 and the receiving portion 25 of the bottom surface portion 2 described above. doing. The connecting convex portion 31 is formed in a rectangular convex shape in the longitudinal direction of the wall surface portion 3 on the side where the flange portion 24 is formed, and the connecting concave portion 32 is formed in a rectangular concave shape on the side where the receiving portion 25 is formed. In addition, each connection convex part 31 is set to the dimension which fits each corresponding connection recessed part 32. FIG.

  In addition, an engagement groove 11 is formed in the longitudinal direction on the outer lower surface of the bottom surface portion 2 of the bed 1. In order to avoid placing the bed 1 directly on the ground, the engagement groove 11 is engaged with, for example, a frame 8 constituted by two parallel rows of tubes. Thereby, the bed 1 can be stably disposed even on the frame.

  Next, the connection procedure between the beds 1 will be described. First, the long-side end portion of the bed 1 in which the connecting concave portion 32 is formed in the wall surface portion 3 is approached from the obliquely upward side toward the long-side end portion of the bed 1 in which the connecting convex portion 31 is formed in the wall surface portion 3. .

  After inserting the connecting convex portion 31 into the connecting concave portion 32 on the end portion side of the bed 1, one of the beds 1 is moved in the vertical direction to engage the collar portion 24 and the receiving portion 25. The short side of the bed 1 is positioned and connected in the short direction by inserting the connecting convex portion 31 into the connecting concave portion 32, and the long side of the bed 1 is set in the vertical direction by the engagement of the flange portion 24 and the receiving portion 25. Connection in the longitudinal direction will be performed. In addition, the end part side of the whole connected bed arrange | positions the board body of a polystyrene foam separately, or the net | network N is expanded and only the part is obstruct | occluded.

  Next, the operation of the bed 1 and its operation will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the operation of the bed 1, and (B) is an enlarged view of a part surrounded by a circle in (A).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the bed 1 of the present embodiment is first installed on the frame 8 via the engagement groove 11 by connecting a predetermined number of beds 1. In addition, a mesh-shaped underdrain tube 5 is disposed in the groove portion 4 and, if necessary, a temperature raising tube 6 is disposed in the tube recess 23. In this embodiment, one culvert tube 5 and two temperature raising tubes 6 are provided.

  Next, on the inner side surface of the bed 1, a net N of a size that can cover the bottom surface portion 2 and the wall surface portions 3 on both sides and prevents the particles of the gravel mixture B from passing is placed. To do. When the net N is placed, the end portion may be fixed to a thin portion of the wall surface portion 3 through an appropriate stopper or the like, if necessary.

  When the net N has been placed and fixed, the gravel mixture B is stored as a cultivation floor up to the vicinity of the upper end of the wall surface portion 3. This gravel mixture B is obtained by adding organic fertilizer to coral sand having an appropriate particle size of about 30 mm at maximum and a fired product thereof. As coral sand, sea coral existing in the vicinity of coral reefs or mountain coral where coral reefs have landed are adopted. When water or the like w is sprayed on the gravel mixture B, in addition to calcium, magnesium and iron which are inorganic components from the coral sand, components necessary for the growth of the crop are eluted from the organic fertilizer.

  Finally, the desired crop C is planted in the gravel mixture B, and the spray tube 7 is disposed on the side opposite to the groove portion 4 on the longitudinal side of the bed 1, and the growth of the crop C is appropriately sprinkled with water or the like. Encourage use.

  After the arrangement of the bed 1, the water w spread for the growth of the crop C quickly permeates the cultivation bed made of the gravel mixture B with coarse particles, and the inclined surface 21 of the bottom surface portion 2 enters the groove portion 4. It will flow towards.

  Here, the water w flowing on the inclined surface 21 is blocked by the dam portion 22 formed on the inclined surface 21 in the longitudinal direction, and stays in that portion. Thus, the water C or the like temporarily stays, so that the crop C can sufficiently absorb the nutrients essential for growth through the root C1.

On the other hand, since the entire cultivation floor has no soil and water and water w are quickly drained, the occurrence of pests and pathogens can be greatly reduced.
[Possibility of other embodiments]

  Although the said Example makes the bottom face part 2 of the bed 1 rectangular shape and can open | release and connect both ends of a longitudinal side, it is not limited to this aspect.

  That is, the bottom surface portion 2 may be formed in an appropriate shape such as a right-angle shape, a partial crank shape, or a curved shape, if necessary. Even when the bed 1 is formed in such a shape, the inclined surface 21 can be formed on only one surface by forming the water collecting portion in the groove portion 4 along the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface portion 2.

  Furthermore, also in the connection mode, if the plan view of the entire bed is square, the overall shape of the connected bed 1 is a form that circulates in a rectangular shape, and if it is a crank shape, it becomes an appropriate polygon having a plurality of corners, If it is curved, it becomes a form that circulates in a donut shape, and an overall shape adapted to the installation location of the bed 1 can be configured.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bed 11 Engagement groove 2 Bottom face part 21 Inclined surface 22 Weir part 23 Pipe recessed part 24 Gutter part 25 Receiving part 3 Wall part 31 Connection convex part 32 Connection concave part 4 Groove part (water collecting part)
5 Underdrain pipe 6 Temperature rising pipe 7 Spreading pipe 8 Frame B Gravel mixture C Crop C1 Root N Net w Water (culture solution)

Claims (3)

The bottom,
A water collecting portion formed on the bottom portion;
A wall surface erected from the edge of the bottom surface,
Consisting of
In the bottom surface portion, an inclined surface inclined downward so as to flow to the water collecting portion,
A dam portion disposed at one or more places so as to dam the flow of the inclined surface;
A bed for gravel cultivation, characterized in that it is formed.   The bed for gravel cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the bottom part is formed in a rectangular shape, and the water collecting part is a groove part extending along the longitudinal direction of the bottom part.   The bed for gravel cultivation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one end or both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface portion are opened and the end portions can be connected.

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