WO2020152801A1

WO2020152801A1 - Method for cultivating plant, and device for cultivating plant

Info

Publication number: WO2020152801A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/002006
Authority: WO
Inventors: 正憲原; 正月白川
Original assignee: 日洋サービス株式会社; 正憲原; 正月白川
Priority date: 2019-01-23
Filing date: 2019-01-23
Publication date: 2020-07-30
Also published as: JP2023025246A; JPWO2020152801A1; JP7366937B2

Abstract

[Problem] To reduce the cost of cultivating a plant. [Solution] This method for cultivating a plant comprises spreading a cultivation medium 3 on the inner side of a container (gutter 2) that constitutes a device 1 for cultivating the plant, rooting the plant (tomato 10) in the cultivation medium 3, soaking a liquid fertilizer 4 in coral sediment 13, and supplying the liquid fertilizer 4 that has been soaked in the coral sediment 13 to the cultivation medium 3.

Description

Plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device

The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation device for cultivating a plant such as tomato.

Tomato cultivation methods range from soil cultivation in which seedlings are prepared in a hotbed and planted in the open field to hydroponics capable of plant factory production. For example, hydroponics is proposed as hydroponics.

As this hydroponics method, in Patent Document 1, about 250 ml of a medium (about 250 ml) is added to each groove of a cultivation tray in which horizontal grooves are formed in two rows in a longitudinal direction in a substantially D-shape. Soil, coconut husks, rockwool, etc.) are added and a irrigation solution is supplied to each medium in which tomato seedlings are planted.

In the technique described in Patent Document 1, the conventional medium (soil, coconut husk, rockwool, etc.) has a relatively good water retention property, so the irrigation solution is irrigated 10 to 20% more than the irrigation amount required by the plant. In addition, since excess bacteria easily propagate in the excess liquid, it was common to dispose of it as waste liquid. In addition, since the weakly acidic soil is said to be better for plant growth, the irrigation solution was adjusted to have a slightly acidic pH.

JP, 2007-306849, A

However, with the technique described in Patent Document 1, the surplus liquid of the irrigation nutrient solution is prone to the proliferation of various bacteria, and is therefore disposed of as a waste liquid, making it difficult to reduce the cost required for plant cultivation.

The present invention is to provide a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation device capable of reducing the cost required for plant cultivation.

The method for cultivating a plant according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises laying a medium inside a container, rooting the plant in the medium, immersing the liquid fertilizer in a substance having a characteristic that it is difficult for miscellaneous bacteria to reproduce, and The liquid fertilizer is supplied to the medium.
Suitably, the cultivation method of the plant of Claim 1 uses tomato as a plant.

The method for cultivating a plant of the invention according to claim 2, wherein a medium is spread over the inside of the container, the plant is rooted in the medium, and the liquid fertilizer is dipped in a substance having a characteristic that it is difficult for miscellaneous bacteria to propagate, and after immersing in the substance The liquid fertilizer is supplied to the medium.

The method for cultivating a plant of the invention according to claim 3, wherein a strip-shaped gutter placed horizontally is spread with a medium, the plants are rooted in the medium at regular intervals, and an irrigation tube is arranged on the upper part of the medium to form a coral. Liquid fertilizer dipped in gravel and stored in a nutrient solution circulation tank is fed to the medium via the irrigation tube, and excess liquid fertilizer due to the liquid feed is passed through a filter cloth attached inside the gutter. The fertilizer is caused to flow in the drainage groove formed in the gutter, and the liquid fertilizer flowing in the drainage groove is returned from the gutter to the nutrient solution circulation tank.

The method for cultivating a plant according to claim 4 is the method for cultivating a plant according to claim 3, wherein the nutrient solution is circulated by a decrease in water content indicated by a moisture meter installed in the medium or by an instruction from a timer. The liquid fertilizer returned to the tank is reused by supplying it to the medium through the irrigation tube.

The apparatus for cultivating a plant of the invention according to claim 5 lays a medium in a horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter, roots the plant in the medium at regular intervals, arranges an irrigation tube above the medium, and corals the coral. Liquid fertilizer dipped in gravel and stored in a nutrient solution circulation tank is fed to the medium via the irrigation tube, and excess liquid fertilizer due to the liquid feed is passed through a filter cloth attached inside the gutter. A plant cultivating device for flowing into a drainage groove formed in a gutter and returning liquid fertilizer flowing in the drainage groove to the nutrient solution circulation tank from the end of the gutter, wherein the nutrient solution circulation tank and coral gravel Tank, liquid fertilizer adjusting tank, first raw material liquid tank for storing first raw material liquid, second raw material liquid tank for storing second raw material liquid, liquid fertilizer mixing pump, liquid fertilizer transfer pump, and irrigation pump And a nutrient solution device comprising a level sensor for detecting the level of liquid fertilizer in the nutrient solution circulation tank, wherein the coral gravel tank is packed with the coral gravel, together with the nutrient solution circulation tank. By circulating the liquid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer is immersed in the coral gravel, and the nutrient solution, when a certain amount of the liquid fertilizer in the nutrient solution circulation tank is consumed, by the instruction of the level sensor, from the liquid fertilizer adjustment tank With the liquid fertilizer transfer pump, an appropriate amount of fertilizer liquid is supplied to the coral gravel tank, and when the water level of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank decreases, water is supplied to the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank to a predetermined position to properly adjust the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank In order to adjust the EC concentration, the liquid fertilizer mixing pump is used to mix the first raw material liquid and the second raw material liquid, and the liquid fertilizer stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank is supplied until an appropriate EC concentration is supplied. Liquid control is performed.

The plant cultivating device according to claim 6 is the plant cultivating device according to claim 5, further comprising a flow rate sensor that detects a flow rate of the liquid fertilizer flowing through the irrigation tube, and is installed in the nutrient solution device. The controller controls the nutrient solution and displays the amount of liquid fertilizer supplied from the nutrient solution circulation tank to the medium based on the detection result of the flow rate sensor.

The plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device according to the present invention have made it possible to reduce the cost for plant cultivation.

[Correction based on Rule 91 01.02.2019]
It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of the cultivation method of the plant which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the gutter and filter cloth used for the cultivation method of the plant which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole facility which used the plant cultivation apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the cultivation apparatus of the plant which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a 1st sectional view which shows the cultivation bed and installation stand of the cultivation apparatus of the plant which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a 2nd sectional view which shows the cultivation bed and installation stand of the cultivation apparatus of the plant which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the cultivation apparatus of the plant which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

<Configuration of First Embodiment>
1 and 2 relate to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a plant cultivation method, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a gutter and a filter cloth.

In FIG. 1, in the method for cultivating a plant according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a medium 3 is spread inside a container (gutter 2) that constitutes a plant cultivation device 1, and the plant (tomato 10) is placed in the medium 3. , The liquid manure 4 is dipped in the coral gravel 13, and the liquid manure 4 after being dipped in the coral gravel 13 is supplied to the medium 3.

More specifically, in the method for cultivating a plant shown in FIG. 1, a horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter 2 is spread with a medium 3 formed of rock wool or the like, and tomatoes 10 are rooted in the medium 3 at regular intervals, An irrigation tube 5 is arranged on the upper part of 3, and the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 by immersing it in the coral gravel 13 is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5 and becomes an excess by the supply. The liquid fertilizer 4 is made to flow through the drainage groove 8 formed in the gutter 2 through the filter cloth 7 stuck inside the gutter 2, and the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the drainage groove 8 is drained from the end of the gutter 2 to the drainage pipe. Drain via 9

Hereinafter, the plant cultivation device 1 will be described in detail.
The plant cultivation device 1 includes a gutter 2, a medium 3, a liquid fertilizer 4, an irrigation tube 5, a nutrient solution circulation tank 6, a filter cloth 7, a drainage pipe 9, a liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11, a coral gravel tank 12, a coral gravel 13, and a liquid. A passage 14, the liquid

fertilizer transfer pumps

15 and 16, an irrigation pump 17,

timers

18, 19 and 20, and

pipes

21 and 22 are provided.

The liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 is filled with the liquid A (first raw material liquid) from the liquid A tank and the liquid B from the liquid B tank (second raw material liquid tank) to store the mixed liquid fertilizer 4a. It has become.

The coral gravel tank 12 is filled with coral gravel 13 from the bottom to a height of about 80%.

The liquid fertilizer transfer pump 15 transfers the liquid fertilizer 4a stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to the coral gravel tank 12 via the pipe 21 according to an instruction from the timer 18.

The nutrient solution circulation tank 6 allows the liquid to flow to and from the coral gravel tank 12 via the liquid passage 14, and the solution 4b from the coral gravel tank 12 flows into the nutrient solution circulation tank 6. Further, since the liquid passage 14 is provided with the filter, the coral gravel 13 in the coral gravel tank 12 does not move to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6.

The liquid fertilizer transfer pump 16 circulates the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 to the coral gravel tank 12 via the pipe 22 according to an instruction from the timer 19.

The irrigation pump 17 instructs the fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 (including the liquid fertilizer 4b returned from the liquid passage 14 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6) via the irrigation tube 5 according to an instruction from the timer 20. Liquid is supplied to the medium 3.

Further, the upper sides of the medium 3 and the irrigation tube 5 are covered with a light-shielding sheet (light-shielding sheet 76 in FIG. 5) having a hole formed through the stem of the tomato 10.

Hereinafter, the gutter 2 and the filter cloth 7 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, the gutter 2 is formed of styrofoam in the shape of a band-shaped container having an open upper surface by a mold.

The filter cloth 7 stuck inside the gutter 2 is formed by stacking a black polyplastic sheet 23 for hydroponics, a non-woven fabric 24, a plastic net 25 and a non-woven fabric 26 in order from the bottom. The hydroponic black polyplastic sheet 23, the nonwoven fabric 24, and the nonwoven fabric 26 are formed so as to cover the entire upper side of the gutter 2. The plastic net 25 has the same size as the inner bottom surface of the gutter 2.

Explaining together the first embodiment according to the present invention, a method for cultivating a plant is as follows: a medium (3) is spread inside a container (gutter 2), a plant (tomato 10) is rooted in the medium, and liquid fertilizer is mixed with germs. It is dipped in a substance (coral gravel 13) having a characteristic of being difficult to reproduce, and the liquid fertilizer 4 dipped in the substance is supplied to the medium 3.

<Operation and effect of the first embodiment>
Here, the combination of rockwool and liquid fertilizer, which is generally used as a conventional medium, requires medium replacement every year, which is expensive as industrial waste.

In the combination of coconut husk medium and liquid fertilizer, which has become popular as a medium in recent years, coconut husk medium is organic and various changes occur over time due to the growth of various bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the medium within 1 to 2 years.

In conventional high sugar tomato cultivation, the amount of liquid fertilizer (water) is reduced as much as possible, the water absorbed by the fruit is reduced, and the sugar content is increased, resulting in less fruit production.

The coral gravel 13 used in the first embodiment of the present invention does not need to be replaced, because it has an alkaline property that does not change over time and it is difficult for bacteria to propagate.

Also, in liquid fertilizer 4 after soaking in coral gravel 13, it is possible to extend the period of use of the medium in high sugar content tomato cultivation due to the characteristics that it is difficult for bacteria to propagate. In addition, liquid fertilizer 4 after soaking it in coral gravel 13 does not require extreme watering restrictions, so productivity can be improved.

Further, in the method for cultivating the plant according to the first embodiment, since the liquid fertilizer 4 is not circulated, it is possible to suppress the propagation of various bacteria.
However, it is also possible to circulate without having the purpose of excluding the circulation.
Even in such a case, it is not necessary to have a facility for sterilization for drainage due to the characteristic that various bacteria do not easily propagate.

In addition, the liquid fertilizer 4 after being immersed in the coral gravel 13 used in the first embodiment of the present invention contains abundantly many kinds (70 kinds) of essential minerals such as calcium and magnesium, and therefore, during growth. It is absorbed by tomato as a trace element and produces tomatoes with a very high sugar content (sugar content of 8 to 12 degrees), so high-sugar tomatoes that are in high demand in the market can be produced with high efficiency.

Also, while using a conventional medium such as rock wool as the culture medium, the above effects can be obtained.

Also, since the coral gravel 13 to be used need only be packed in the coral gravel tank 12, the cost increase due to the use of coral gravel can be sufficiently suppressed.

Therefore, according to the method for cultivating a plant according to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost required for cultivating a plant (tomato).

[Second Embodiment]
The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

<Configuration of the second embodiment>
3 to 6 relate to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the entire facility using a plant cultivation device, FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the plant cultivation device, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a first cross-sectional view showing the tagger and the peripheral part of the cultivating device, and FIG. 6 is a second cross-sectional view showing the tagger and the peripheral part of the plant cultivating device.

In FIG. 3, a tomato cultivation facility (plant) 30 has first to

third cultivation buildings

31, 32, 33 arranged in three rows.

The 1st cultivation ridge 31 is comprised from the cultivation apparatus 34 of one plant. The plant cultivation device 34 includes one nutrient solution device 41, the plurality of gutters 2, the irrigation tube 5, the filter cloth 7 and the drainage pipe 9 shown in FIG. 1, and a plurality of types of culture media 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. (See FIG. 4).
In addition, although this example describes a variety of examples, it is common to use a plurality of one type of medium instead of a plurality of types.

In FIG. 3, the second cultivation ridge 32 is composed of a single plant cultivation device 35 and a collection/shipment room 36. The plant cultivation device 35 includes one nutrient solution device 41, a plurality of gutters 2, a watering tube 5, a filter cloth 7 and a drainage pipe 9 shown in FIG. 1, and a plurality of types of culture media 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. (See FIG. 4).

In FIG. 3, the third cultivation ridge 33 is composed of a single plant cultivation device 37. The plant cultivation device 37 is composed of the plurality of gutters 2, the irrigation tube 5, the filter cloth 7 and the drainage pipe 9 shown in FIG. 1, and a plurality of types of culture media 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d (see FIG. 4). ing.

In FIG. 3, a

plant cultivation device

34, 35, 37 is constructed by spreading a medium (medium 3a or medium 3b or medium 3c or medium 3d shown in FIG. 4) on a horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter 2 and planting the medium on the medium. Roots at a constant interval, and an irrigation tube 5 (see FIG. 4) is placed above the medium, and the liquid fertilizer 4 (see FIG. 4) stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 (see FIG. 4) is replaced with the irrigation tube. The drainage groove formed in the gutter 2 through the filter cloth 7 (see FIG. 5) that is supplied to the medium through the filter medium 5 and the excess liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the gutter 2 through the filter cloth 7 (see FIG. 5). 8 (see FIG. 5) and the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the drainage groove 8 is drained from the end of the gutter 2 through a drainage pipe.

Hereinafter, the plant cultivation device 34 will be described in detail.
In FIG. 4, the

cultivation beds

42, 43, 44 and 45 of the plant cultivation device 34 are a combination of the gutter 2 and the filter cloth 7 shown in FIG. 1.

The cultivation bed 42 is covered with a medium 3a made of rock wool according to the variety of the plant (tomato 10a) to be cultivated. The cultivation bed 43 is covered with a medium 3b of coconut husk according to the variety of the plant (tomato 10b) to be cultivated. The cultivation bed 44 is covered with a medium 3c made of inorganic sand and gravel according to the variety of the plant (tomato 10c) to be cultivated. The cultivation bed 45 is covered with a medium 3d which is a mixture of rock wool, coconut husk, and the like according to the variety of the plant (tomato 10d) to be cultivated.

In FIG. 4, the nutrient solution device 41 includes a nutrient solution circulation tank 51, an A solution tank (first raw material solution tank) 52 for storing the A solution (first raw material solution), and a B solution (second raw material solution). Liquid B tank (second raw material liquid tank) 53, a liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54, a coral gravel tank 55, a liquid fertilizer mixing pump 56, liquid fertilizer transfer pumps 57 and 58, and a irrigation pump 59, and a control valve. 60, a level sensor 61 for detecting the level of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54, an EC sensor (fertilizer concentration sensor) 62, and a level sensor 63 for detecting the level of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the nutrient solution circulating tank 51.

Flow rate sensors

64, 65, 66, 67 for detecting the flow rate of the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the irrigation tube 5, and

display devices

68, 69, 70, 71 for displaying the detection results of the

flow rate sensors

64, 65, 66, 67, respectively. And a control panel 100.

Here, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, as shown in FIG. 4, an EC sensor 62 is provided in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 so that the liquid fertilizer 4a in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 has an appropriate EC concentration. The liquid fertilizer mixing pump 56 is controlled as described above, the level sensor 61 for detecting the level of the liquid fertilizer 4a in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 is provided, the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 57 is controlled, and the liquid fertilizer 4 in the nutrient solution circulating tank 51 is controlled. That is, the level sensor 63 for detecting the level is provided and the irrigation pump 59 is controlled.

The coral gravel tank 55 is filled with coral gravel 13 from the bottom to a height of about 90%.

The nutrient solution circulation tank 51 is capable of circulating a liquid with the coral gravel tank 55 via a liquid path 64, and the solution 4b from the coral gravel tank 55 is allowed to flow in. Further, since the liquid path 64 is provided with the filter, the coral gravel 13 in the coral gravel tank 55 does not move to the nutrient solution circulation tank 51.

When a certain amount of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the nutrient liquid circulation tank 51 is consumed, the nutrient solution device 41 uses the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 to the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 57 by the instruction of the level sensor 63 and the control of the control panel 100. An appropriate amount of fertilizer 4a is supplied to the coral gravel tank 55. The fertilizer liquid 4a supplied to the coral gravel tank 55 is immersed in the coral gravel 13 and flows into the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 as the fertilizer liquid 4b via the liquid passage 64. As a result, the liquid fertilizer 4 in the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 is maintained in an appropriate amount.

In addition, when the water level of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 is lowered, the control panel 100 of the nutrient solution 41 cleans the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 by the instruction of the level sensor 61 and the control of the control valve 60 by the control panel 100. In order to supply the liquid fertilizer 4 to a predetermined position and make the liquid fertilizer 4 in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 have an appropriate EC concentration, the liquid A (first liquid) is used by the liquid fertilizer mixing pump 56 by the instruction of the EC sensor 62 and the control of the control panel 100. Liquid solution) and the liquid B (second material liquid) are mixed and supplied until the liquid fertilizer 4a stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 54 has an appropriate EC concentration.

The liquid fertilizer transfer pump 58 circulates the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 through the pipe to the coral gravel tank 55 at predetermined intervals according to an instruction from the control panel 100.

The irrigation pump 59 supplies the liquid fertilizer 4 in the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 to the culture media 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of the

cultivation beds

42, 43, 44, 45 via the irrigation tube 5 according to an instruction from the control panel 100. To do.

The plant cultivation device 34 performs the nutrient solution control by the control device (control panel 100) installed in the nutrient solution device 41, and changes the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 to the culture mediums 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. The supply amount of the liquid fertilizer 4 to be supplied is displayed on the

display devices

68, 69, 70, 71 based on the detection results of the

flow rate sensors

64, 65, 66, 67, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cultivation bed 42 of the plant cultivation device 34 is placed on the installation table 80.
The installation base 80 includes a plate-shaped top plate 81 and a plurality of

legs

82 and 83 that support the top plate 81.

▽

Legs

82 and 83 are expandable. In the state where the

legs

82, 83 shown in FIG. 5 are the shortest (lower limit bed height), the height and width of the area S surrounded by the top plate 81, the plurality of

legs

82, 83, and the ground 84 are the warm air duct 90. And the top plate 81 and the cultivation bed 42 are in the lowest state.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the state where the

legs

82, 83 are the longest (upper limit bed height), the width of the area S surrounded by the top plate 81, the

legs

82, 83 and the ground is smaller than the diameter of the warm air duct 90. Maintaining a slightly long state, the height of the region S is about 1.5 times the diameter of the warm air duct 90, the width of the region S remains slightly longer than the diameter of the warm air duct 90, and the top plate 81 and the cultivation bed are maintained. 42 is the highest state.

By adjusting the area S in this way, the temperature of the cultivation bed 42 can be optimized.

Here, the

cultivation beds

43, 44, and 45 shown in FIG. 4 have the same structure as the cultivation bed 42 except that the type of the medium is different.

The cultivating device 35 of the second cultivating ridge 32 is different from the cultivating device 34 of the first cultivating ridge 31 in the overall size, and the remaining configuration is the same as that of the cultivating device 34.
The cultivation device 37 of the third cultivation building 33 is similar to the cultivation device 34 of the cultivation building 31.

<Operation and effect of the second embodiment>
According to the

plant cultivation devices

34, 35, and 37 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, by supplying the liquid fertilizer 4 after being dipped in the coral gravel 13 to the mediums 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d, The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the cost for cultivating the plant (tomato) can be reduced.

[Third Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

<Configuration of Third Embodiment>
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a plant cultivation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The plant cultivating apparatus 134 of the third embodiment uses the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the drainage groove 8 (see FIG. 1) of the horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter 46 from the end of the gutter 46 to the nutrient solution of the solution apparatus 141. It is returned to the circulation tank 51. Only inorganic sand and gravel are used for the medium 3c of the cultivation device 134.

In addition, the cultivating device 134 causes the liquid fertilizer 4 returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 to be cultivated through the irrigation tube 5 as the medium through the irrigation tube 5 according to a decrease in the amount of water indicated by the moisture meter 72 installed in the medium 3c or an instruction by a timer. Reuse by supplying liquid to 3c. The configuration other than these is similar to that of the second embodiment.

Explaining such a configuration collectively, in the method for cultivating a plant of the third embodiment, the medium 3c is spread on a horizontally placed gutter 46, and the plant is rooted in the medium 3c at regular intervals. The irrigation tube 5 is arranged above the culture medium 3c, and the liquid fertilizer stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 51 by immersing it in the coral gravel 13 is supplied to the culture medium 3c via the irrigation tube 5 and surplus by the supply. The liquid fertilizer that has become the liquid fertilizer flowing through the drainage groove 8 (see FIG. 2) formed in the gutter 46 through the filter cloth 7 (see FIG. 2) attached inside the gutter 46, and flowing into the drainage groove 8 4 is returned from the end of the gutter 46 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 51.

<Operation and effect of the third embodiment>
According to the plant cultivation apparatus 134 of the third embodiment of the present invention, the same effect as that of the second embodiment is obtained, and the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the drainage groove 8 of the gutter 46 is fed into the nutrient solution circulation tank 51. The liquid fertilizer 4 can be recycled and the amount of fresh water, A liquid, and B liquid used can be suppressed, and the plant cultivation cost can be reduced.

The structure, system, program, material, connection of each member, scientific substance, etc. of the present invention can be variously modified without changing the gist of the present invention.

The material can be freely selected from metal, plastic, FRP, wood, concrete, etc.

For example, it is possible to combine two or more members into one, or conversely, one member may be composed of two or more different members and connected.

Also, the above-described first to third embodiments are merely the best ones at present or close to them.

Also, the control and the like may be controlled by a higher-level control part or may be controlled by a lower-end control part.

Further, the control order and the like can be appropriately changed as long as they have a predetermined effect.
Further, in the first to third embodiments, coral gravel is used as a substance for immersing the liquid fertilizer 4 in order to make it difficult for bacteria to propagate, but as such a substance for immersing the liquid fertilizer, scallop shells are used. Various applications are possible, such as crushed oysters, crushed oyster shells, and gravel crushed limestone.
Furthermore, it may be an artificially made solution which is at least alkaline and more preferably rich in minerals. The reason is that even if artificially made like this, the same effect can be exhibited.
As for the alkalinity of the present invention, a pH of about 8 to 9 is suitable at present. Moreover, although it is preferable that the mineral component is present, it is not essential.

The culture medium may be in the following versions depending on the case.
For example, it may be a medium mainly containing corals. In the present invention, the term “mainly” means that the other components have the highest proportion. However, it is currently considered that the one with a lot of corals is more suitable.
Other ingredients may include sand, pumice, gravel and the like.
It is more preferable that the other components have alkaline properties.
Other components may be shells (scallops, etc.). In some cases, only shells may be used. Furthermore, it is considered possible to make the liquid fertilizer 4 chemically alkaline.
Similarly, the coral gravel layer 55 may be mainly composed of coral. In the present invention, the term “mainly” means that the other components have the highest proportion. However, it is currently considered that the one with a lot of corals is more suitable.
Other ingredients may include sand, pumice, gravel and the like.
It is more preferable that the other components have alkaline properties.
Other components may be shells (scallops, etc.). In some cases, only shells may be used. Furthermore, it is considered possible to make the liquid fertilizer 4 chemically alkaline.

Although the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing through the gutter 2 has been described as an embodiment in which the liquid fertilizer 4 is pulled out from the end of the gutter 2, it is also possible to provide a discharge port for sequentially discharging from the middle. In that case, there is an advantage that no inclination is required and the inclination may be gentle. In particular, it is effective when the gutter 2 is long.
Further, it is preferable to observe the flow rate of the irrigation pump 59 and measure how much it is used.
Similarly, it is preferable to observe the flow rates of the liquid fertilizer transfer pumps 57 and 58.

<Definition, etc.>
The plant to be cultivated in the present invention can be applied to various vegetables and fruits such as mango, banana, melon, paprika, eggplant, cucumber and strawberry, in addition to tomato. Further, as tomato varieties, in addition to cherry tomatoes, it is applicable to fruit rubies, Sicilian rouge, Momotaro and the like. Further, in addition to vegetables and fruits, it can be applied to plants such as cereals having higher sugar content.

1... Plant cultivation device 2... Gutter 3... Medium 4... Liquid fertilizer 5... Irrigation tube 6... Nutrient circulation tank 7... Filter cloth 10... Tomato 13... Coral gravel 55... Coral gravel tank

Claims

A method of cultivating a plant in which a medium is spread inside the container, the plant is rooted in the medium, the liquid fertilizer is immersed in a substance having a characteristic that it is difficult for miscellaneous bacteria to propagate, and the liquid fertilizer after being immersed in the substance is supplied to the medium.
A method of cultivating a plant in which a medium is spread inside a container, the plant is rooted in the medium, the liquid fertilizer is dipped in the coral gravel, and the liquid fertilizer after being dipped in the coral gravel is supplied to the medium.
Spread the medium in a strip-shaped gutter placed horizontally, root the plant in the medium at regular intervals, arrange the irrigation tube on the upper part of the medium, immerse the liquid fertilizer stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank by immersing it in coral gravel. , Supplying the medium through the irrigation tube, and the excess liquid fertilizer due to the supplying is passed through a drainage groove formed in the gutter through a filter cloth internally attached to the gutter to drain the drainage. A method for cultivating a plant, wherein liquid fertilizer flowing in a groove is returned from the gutter to the nutrient solution circulation tank.
The liquid fertilizer returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank is reused by supplying it to the medium through the irrigation tube according to a decrease in water content indicated by a moisture meter installed in the medium or an instruction from a timer. Item 3. A method for cultivating a plant according to Item 3.
Spread the medium in a strip-shaped gutter placed horizontally, root the plant in the medium at regular intervals, arrange the irrigation tube on the upper part of the medium, immerse the liquid fertilizer stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank by immersing it in coral gravel. , Supplying the medium through the irrigation tube, and the excess liquid fertilizer due to the supplying is passed through a drainage groove formed in the gutter through a filter cloth internally attached to the gutter to drain the drainage. A plant cultivation device for returning liquid fertilizer flowing in a groove from the end of the gutter to the nutrient solution circulation tank,
The nutrient solution circulation tank, the coral gravel tank, the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank, the first raw material liquid tank for storing the first raw material liquid, the second raw material liquid tank for storing the second raw material liquid, and the liquid fertilizer mixing pump A liquid fertilizer transfer pump, an irrigation pump, and a nutrient solution device including a level sensor for detecting the level of the liquid fertilizer in the nutrient solution circulation tank,
The coral gravel tank is in a state where the coral gravel is packed, by circulating liquid fertilizer together with the nutrient solution circulation tank, soaking the liquid fertilizer in the coral gravel,
When a certain amount of the liquid fertilizer in the nutrient liquid circulation tank is consumed, the nutrient solution is instructed by the level sensor to transfer the liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank to the coral gravel tank in an appropriate amount. When the water level of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank is lowered, water is supplied to the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank to a predetermined position to bring the liquid fertilizer in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank to an appropriate EC concentration. 2. A plant cultivation device for controlling a nutrient solution, which mixes the raw material liquid and the second raw material liquid and supplies the liquid fertilizer stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank until the EC concentration is appropriate.
A flow rate sensor for detecting a flow rate of the liquid fertilizer flowing through the irrigation tube is further provided, and the nutrient solution is controlled by a controller installed in the nutrient solution apparatus, and the medium is supplied from the nutrient solution circulation tank to the medium. The plant cultivation device according to claim 5, wherein the liquid fertilizer supply amount is displayed based on a detection result of the flow rate sensor.
In addition to liquid fertilizer with an appropriate EC concentration, supply an alkaline solution,
Or
A method for cultivating a plant, in which liquid fertilizer having an appropriate EC concentration that has become alkaline is supplied.