JP5470290B2 - Elevator hoisting machine and elevator device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator hoist equipped with a brake device and an elevator apparatus.

  As an elevator hoist brake device, a direct-acting brake is known in which the force of a braking spring is transmitted to a braking member and the braking member is pressed against the braked body to perform braking (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). ). These brakes press a brake shoe against a brake drum to brake the rotation. Since the brake shoe slides with the brake drum in order to apply the brake, periodic inspection and replacement have been performed.

Special Table 2002-533283 JP 2006-161920 A

  The brake shoe includes a pad portion that comes into contact with the material to be braked and a fixing portion that fixes the pad portion. In order to check or replace the brake shoe, it is necessary to make it possible to remove the brake shoe from the brake device and to attach the brake shoe to the brake device. However, conventionally, for example, in the brake devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the brake shoe cannot be inspected or replaced unless the brake device is removed from the installation portion when the brake shoe is replaced. For this reason, since such an operation is very complicated and time-consuming, it has been desired that the operation can be performed more easily and the time can be reduced. In particular, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for a machine room-less elevator in which a hoisting machine is provided in a hoistway without providing a machine room. In such machine room-less elevators, the installation space is small compared to the machine room, so the work space for maintenance work is also small, and the brake device is mounted in a narrow space. Was difficult.

  Also, when the brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum, it receives a frictional force that tries to move together in the direction of rotation of the brake drum and a reaction force caused by being pressed against the brake drum. Assuming that a structure that simplifies the mounting and removal of the brake shoes is applied, a problem that the brake shoes are removed and fall off due to these forces is assumed. Is done. However, since the brake device is required to have extremely high reliability as a safety device, it is necessary to ensure a firm brake performance that does not cause such a situation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an elevator hoisting machine and an elevator apparatus having a structure that allows easy mounting and removal of brake shoes while ensuring brake performance. To do.

In order to achieve the above object, an elevator hoisting machine and an elevator apparatus according to the present invention include a motor having a main body frame, a sheave provided on an output shaft of the motor, and a concentrically provided with the sheave. A hoisting machine comprising: a brake drum that rotates together with a sheave; a brake shoe that slides against the brake drum to brake rotation of the sheave; and a brake device that presses the brake shoe against the brake drum. Is configured to be able to engage and disengage with the brake device by rotating in a plane perpendicular to the direction pressed by the brake drum, and the brake device is normally in a state in which the brake shoe is engaged. The brake shoe rotates in a plane perpendicular to the direction pressed by the brake drum. Is fixed to the position where the brake shoe to regulations brake shoe movable in a path formed by the guide is arranged, when said needed to leave the brake shoe from the brake device occurs, the brake shoes said brake shoe It is attached to the main body frame via a brake device moving mechanism that moves the brake device to a position where it leaves the movable path.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator hoisting machine and an elevator apparatus that have a structure in which brake shoes can be easily attached and detached while ensuring brake performance.

1 is a perspective view showing an overall outline of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the hoistway which shows the state of apparatus arrangement | positioning of the elevator apparatus concerning one Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a front view of an elevator hoist according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front enlarged view showing a braking part at the time of braking of an elevator hoisting machine concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is the front view and side view which show the brake shoe of the hoisting machine for elevators concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the state at the time of attachment and removal of the brake shoe of the hoisting machine for elevators concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front enlarged view which shows the normal braking part of the hoisting machine for elevators concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front enlarged view which shows the mode at the time of brake shoe removal of the elevator hoisting machine concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall outline of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The elevator apparatus 1 shown in the figure includes a car 3 and a counterweight 4 that move up and down in a hoistway 2, a main rope 5 that holds the car 3 and the counterweight 4, and a car that drives the main rope 5 to drive the car. And a hoisting machine 6 for moving the counterweight 4 and the counterweight 4 upside down.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hoistway showing a state of equipment arrangement of the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the elevator apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the hoisting machine 6 is disposed in parallel with the counterweight 4 between the car 3 in the hoistway 2 and the hoistway wall. Since the hoisting machine 6 in this embodiment is installed between the car 3 and the hoistway wall, the axial length of the output shaft of the motor is a thin type that is shorter than the diameter of the motor. . The hoisting machine 6 includes a driving sheave 7 around which the main rope 5 is wound, a motor 8 that rotates the driving sheave 7, and a braking portion 9 that brakes the rotation of the driving sheave 7.

  FIG. 3 is a front view of the elevator hoist according to the embodiment of the present invention. The hoisting machine 6 includes a main body frame 10 incorporating a motor 8, a drive sheave 7 provided on an output shaft (not shown) of the motor 8, and a brake drum provided concentrically with the drive sheave 7 and rotating together with the drive sheave 7. 11.

  The hoisting machine 6 according to the present embodiment is provided with a pair of braking portions 9 that are opposed to the outer peripheral portion of the brake drum 11 in the vertical direction. By providing the braking portions 9 above and below in this manner, although the vertical dimension with a relatively large margin as the installation space in the hoistway 2 can be extended, the lateral expansion without a space can be suppressed, The installation efficiency of equipment as a machine room-less elevator device can be increased, and an unnecessary increase in the cross-sectional area of the hoistway can be prevented.

  The braking unit 9 includes a brake shoe 12 that slides on the brake drum 11 to brake the rotation of the drive sheave 7 and a brake device 13 that presses the brake shoe 12 against the brake drum 11.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing a braking portion at the time of braking of the elevator hoist according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the brake device 13 in this embodiment has a fixed iron piece 14 and a movable iron piece 15, and a rod 16 having a spherical end integrated with the movable iron piece 15 is inserted into the fixed iron piece 14. Yes. A brake spring 21 is provided between the fixed iron piece 14 and the movable iron piece 15. The brake spring 21 is provided with the movable iron piece 15, the rod 16 fixed to the movable iron piece 15, and the brake shoe 12 fixed to the tip of the rod. Is pressed toward the brake drum 11. And the brake device 13 controls generation | occurrence | production and a stop of the attraction | suction force which attracts the movable iron piece 15 against the pressing force of the brake spring 21 by energization to the electromagnet provided in the fixed iron piece 14, and electric disconnection, The brake shoe 12 is slid and separated from the brake drum 11.

  FIG. 5 is a front view and a side view showing a brake shoe of an elevator hoist according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5A is a front view of the brake shoe, and FIG. 5B is a side view of the brake shoe. As shown in the figure, the brake shoe 12 and the rod 16 are connected by a leaf spring 17 which is an engaging member. The leaf spring 17 is provided on the brake shoe 12, engages with an engagement piece 19 formed at the tip of the rod 16, and the brake shoe 12 together with the spherical plate 18 by the elastic force of the leaf spring 17. The brake shoe 12 is connected to the rod by urging toward the rod 16. With such a structure, the spherical surface formed on the brake shoe 12 facing surface side of the engagement piece 19 formed at the tip of the rod 16 is pressed against the spherical surface by the brake shoe 12 by the elastic force of the leaf spring 17. The brake shoe 12 provided at the tip of the rod 16 can swing by making contact with the plate 18 and sliding between the spherical surfaces. This has a function of improving the contact performance between the braking surface of the brake shoe 12 and the braked surface of the brake drum 11.

  FIG. 6 is a top view showing a state when the brake shoe of the elevator hoisting machine according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached and removed. 6A shows a state where the brake shoe is attached to the rod, and FIG. 6B shows a state where the brake shoe is detached from the rod. The leaf spring 17 is provided with a rectangular hole 20, and the engagement piece 19 has a rectangular shape. At the time of assembling, the engagement piece 19 is inserted into the hole 20 of the leaf spring 17, and the brake shoe 12 is rotated 90 degrees in a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the brake drum 11. The leaf spring 17 is engaged with the long portion of the rod 16 to connect the rod 16 and the brake shoe 12. As shown in FIG. 5A, the engagement piece 19 is provided with an R portion 19 a having a round periphery, so that the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the brake drum 11. When the plate spring 17 is rotated 90 degrees in a plane orthogonal to the end, the end of the leaf spring 17 comes into contact with the engagement piece 19 and the plate spring 17 around the engagement piece is caught in the process of further engagement. Therefore, the brake shoe 12 can be easily attached.

  As described above, the brake device 13 includes the rod 16, and the rod 16 includes the engagement piece 19 having a shape having a long portion and a short portion in a plane orthogonal to the direction in which the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the brake drum 11. In addition, the brake shoe 12 is provided with a leaf spring 17 as an engaging member that does not engage with the short portion of the engaging piece 19 but engages with the long portion of the engaging piece 19. It can be easily attached and detached simply by rotating the brake shoe 12, and the hoisting device brake device 13 having excellent maintainability can be obtained.

  In this embodiment, the engagement piece 19 and the hole 20 are described as being rectangular in shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a brake such as an ellipse or a polygon is used. The shoe 12 has a long portion and a short portion in a plane orthogonal to the direction in which the shoe 12 is pressed against the brake drum 11, and the leaf spring 17 does not engage with the short portion of the engagement piece 19, and the long portion of the engagement piece 19. It suffices if it is configured to be engaged.

  Next, the role of each part when braking and releasing is explained. As shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the brake device holding member 22 attached to the main body frame 10 has an outer portion opposite to the brake drum 11 side of the brake device 13 (hereinafter simply referred to as the anti-drum side). 4 is provided so as to cover the upper side of the brake device 13, and the brake device holding member 22 is positioned from the side opposite to the drum from the screw hole provided in the brake device holding member 22. The adjusting bolt 23 is screwed. A floating spring 24 is provided between the surface of the main body frame 10 and the brake device 13, and the brake device 13 is braked outward in the radial direction of the brake drum 11, that is, upward on the side opposite to the drum in FIG. 4. The device 13 is energized. The brake device 13 attached to the lower side of the hoisting machine is urged downward. The position adjusting bolt 23 is configured to hold the brake device 13 in a fixed position against the spring force of the floating spring 24.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the main body frame 10 has a gap that is slightly larger than the lateral width of the brake shoe 12 in the installed state and is formed with opposing surfaces in the circumferential direction in which the brake drum 11 rotates. A guide for restricting the surface formed by these body frames 10 from rotating in a plane orthogonal to the direction in which the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the brake drum 11 while the brake shoe 12 is normally engaged. 25 is formed. In the present embodiment, the guide 25 is formed by two surfaces facing each other in the circumferential direction (the left and right direction in FIG. 4) in which the brake drum 11 rotates, but the surface that is orthogonal to the axial direction of the output shaft of the motor 8. The brake shoe 12 may be formed so as to cover three surfaces or to cover the entire surface.

  FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view showing a normal braking portion of the elevator hoist according to the embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, FIG. 7 shows the rod 16 with an open bolt 26 attached thereto. However, the open bolt 26 is removed from the rod 16 during normal use. The case of using an open bolt will be described later.

  4 and 7, the brake shoe 12 is inserted with a slight gap between the guides 25 of the hoisting machine 6, and the brake shoe 12 is inserted into the brake drum 11 as shown in FIG. When the brake drum 11 is pressed, the brake shoe 12 slides in contact with the rotation of the brake drum 11 and slightly moves in the rotation direction of the brake drum 11 to contact the guide 25. Then, in order to brake the brake drum 11, the load in the rotational direction of the brake drum 11 generated by the rotational force of the brake drum 11 that should have been applied to the brake shoe 12 and the rod 16 that holds the brake shoe 11 is applied. The guide 25 bears. In this state, the brake device 13 continues to press the brake drum 11 by the brake shoe 12 and brakes the rotation of the brake drum 11. At the same time, as described above, the guide 25 also suppresses rotation of the brake shoe 12 in the direction around the axis of the rod 16, so that the brake shoe 12 can be detached from the engagement piece 19 while realizing a simple attachment / detachment structure of the brake shoe 12. It is possible to prevent falling off and to exhibit good braking performance. Furthermore, the guide 25 also forms a movable path through which the brake shoe 12 is movable as can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 7.

  In such a structure, at the time of brake braking, the brake shoe 12 is pressed against the brake drum 11 as a braked body by the braking spring 21 as shown in FIG. The reaction force that presses the brake shoe 12 against the brake drum 11 is borne by the compressive load applied to the position adjusting bolt 23. When the brake is released, the movable iron piece 15 and the brake shoe 12 attracted to the fixed iron piece 14 by the electromagnetic attraction force are separated from the surface of the main body frame 10 by the floating spring 24. The floating spring 24 presses the fixed iron piece 14 against the adjusting bolt 23, so that the position is determined when opened. Therefore, by setting the tightening amount of the adjusting bolt 23, the gap at the time of opening can be adjusted. The brake device 13 is normally engaged with the brake shoe 12 and the brake shoe 12 is braked. The brake shoe 12 is fixed to a position where the brake shoe 12 is disposed in a brake shoe movable path formed by a guide 25 that restricts rotation in a plane orthogonal to the direction pressed by the drum 11.

  When it becomes necessary to disengage the brake shoe 12 from the brake device 13, such as when the brake shoe is disassembled, the release bolt 26 is connected to the end of the rod 16 where the brake shoe 12 is attached, as shown in FIG. Is fastened to the opposite end, and the energization of the brake device 13 is released in a state where the fixed iron piece 14, the movable iron piece 15, and the brake shoe 12 are integrated. When the position adjusting bolt 23 is loosened in this state, the fixed iron piece 14, the movable iron piece 15, and the brake shoe 12 integrated as shown in FIG. 8 are pulled out from the end of the guide 25 by the floating spring 24, and are movable. The brake device 13 can be moved to a position where the brake shoe 12 inserted in the path can be rotated in a plane orthogonal to the direction pressed by the brake drum 11. Further, by rotating the brake shoe 12 by 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 6, the leaf spring 17 can be removed from the engagement piece 19 of the rod 16, and only the brake shoe 12 can be easily removed. When assembling the brake shoe 12, it is possible to use the reverse procedure of disassembly.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the brake device holding member 22 provided in the main body frame 10, the floating spring 24 that urges the brake device 13 outward in the radial direction of the brake drum 11, A brake device moving mechanism is configured by a position adjusting bolt 23 provided on a brake device holding member 22 that holds the brake device 13 in a fixed position against the spring force. As a result, when the brake shoe 12 needs to be removed, the brake shoe 12 can be easily moved from the rod 16 to a position where it can be removed. In addition, by providing the floating spring 24, the brake device 13 is moved to a position where the brake shoe 12 can be easily attached and detached without being affected by gravity, regardless of where the brake is located up, down, left, or right with respect to the hoisting machine. be able to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elevator apparatus 2 Hoistway 3 Riding car 4 Counterweight 5 Main rope 6 Hoisting machine 7 Drive sheave 8 Motor 9 Braking part 10 Main body frame 11 Brake drum 12 Brake shoe 13 Brake device 14 Fixed iron piece 15 Movable iron piece 16 Rod 17 Leaf spring 18 Spherical plate 19 Engagement piece 20 Hole 21 Brake spring 22 Brake device holding member 23 Position adjustment bolt 24 Floating spring 25 Guide 26 Release bolt

Claims (5)

A motor having a main body frame, a sheave provided on the output shaft of the motor, a brake drum provided concentrically with the sheave and rotating together with the sheave, and slidingly contacting the brake drum to brake rotation of the sheave In a hoisting machine provided with a brake shoe and a brake device that presses the brake shoe against the brake drum,
The brake shoe is configured to be able to engage and disengage from the brake device by rotating in a plane orthogonal to the direction pressed against the brake drum,
The brake device is a movable brake shoe formed by a guide that restricts rotation of the brake shoe in a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum in a state where the brake shoe is normally engaged. The brake shoe is fixed at a position where the brake shoe is disposed in the path, and when the brake shoe needs to be detached from the brake device, the brake device is moved to a position where the brake shoe moves out of the brake shoe movable path. An elevator hoisting machine, which is attached to the main body frame via a moving brake device moving mechanism.   2. The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the brake device moving mechanism includes a brake device holding member provided on the main body frame and a floating member that urges the brake device outward in a radial direction of the brake drum. An elevator hoisting machine comprising a spring and a position adjusting bolt provided on the brake device holding member that holds the brake device in a fixed position against the spring force of the floating spring.   3. The elevator hoist according to claim 1, wherein the guide is formed by the main body frame, and contacts the brake shoe when the brake shoe is in sliding contact with the brake drum. Elevator hoisting machine.   The elevator hoisting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the brake device includes a rod, and a long portion is provided at a tip of the rod within a plane perpendicular to a direction in which the brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum. And an engagement member that has a shape having a short part, and does not engage the short part of the engagement piece with the brake shoe, and engages with the long part of the engagement piece. An elevator hoisting machine characterized in that is provided. A car that moves up and down in the hoistway, a main rope that holds the car, and a hoisting machine that drives the main rope to raise and lower the car, the hoisting machine being the hoistway In the elevator device arranged in,
The hoisting machine includes a motor having a main body frame, a sheave provided on an output shaft of the motor, a brake drum provided concentrically with the sheave and rotating together with the sheave, and a sliding contact with the brake drum. A brake shoe that brakes rotation of the sheave, and a brake device that presses the brake shoe against the brake drum,
The brake shoe is configured to be able to engage and disengage from the brake device by rotating in a plane orthogonal to the direction pressed against the brake drum,
The brake device is a movable brake shoe formed by a guide that restricts rotation of the brake shoe in a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum in a state where the brake shoe is normally engaged. The brake shoe is fixed at a position where the brake shoe is disposed in the path, and when the brake shoe needs to be detached from the brake device, the brake device is moved to a position where the brake shoe moves out of the brake shoe movable path. An elevator apparatus, wherein the elevator apparatus is attached to the main body frame via a moving brake device moving mechanism.

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