JP5460077B2 - Pit ladder device and pit ladder installation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator pit ladder apparatus installed in a pit of an elevator hoistway, for example.

  Conventionally, there is an elevator pit ladder that has a structure in which the ladder body is laid down and stored in a reduced state on the pit floor when not in use, and is expanded and stood diagonally between the elevator entrance and the pit floor when in use. (See Patent Document 1).

  In addition, one end of the ladder body is pivotally attached to the pit floor surface, and when it is not in use, it is laid down and stored in a reduced state on the pit floor surface. There is an elevator pit ladder having a structure leaning diagonally between them (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2003-192253 A JP 2002-173276 A

  FIG. 22 is an overall configuration diagram of an elevator system 900 in which a pit ladder is installed. The elevator system 900 is an elevator system for a high-speed elevator equipped with a compensation rope such as a high-speed elevator and a compensation sheep. The elevator system 900 includes a hoisting machine 3, a main rope 4, a guide rail 5, a car 6, a balancing weight 7, a control cable 8, a compen- sion rope 9, and a compensatory sheep 11.

  FIG. 23 is a plan view showing interference between the compensatory sheep 11 and the pit ladder 912 when the conventional pit ladder 912 is applied to the elevator system 900 of FIG. FIG. 24 is a side view showing interference between the compen- sion rope 9 and the compensatory sheep 11 and the pit ladder 912 when the conventional pit ladder 912 is applied to the elevator system 900 of FIG. In FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, the pit ladder 912 is leaned between the pit floor and the landing side sill 15 so as not to interfere with the shock absorber 17.

  As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, since the conventional pit ladder 912 is stored in a manner such as folding into the pit when stored, in a system including the compensator 9 such as a high-speed elevator and the compensatory sheep 11, Interference with the compensatory sheep 11 occurs during storage and removal.

  Moreover, in a pit ladder such as a folding type (a system that is stored on the floor), the pit depth is deep, and thus there is a problem that a lifting stroke of the pit ladder cannot be secured.

  In addition, in the method of installing a pit ladder on the side wall of the pit of the hoistway, it is necessary to pay great attention to safety when transferring to the pit ladder because the distance comes out when accessing from the landing .

  Furthermore, in the method of installing a pit ladder under the landing side sill, it is impossible to install a handrail part above the landing side sill on the lowest floor, which is very safe when using the pit ladder. It was necessary to pay attention.

  The pit ladder apparatus according to the present invention is made to solve the above-described problems, and the pit ladder can be easily installed and stored without interfering with equipment installed in the pit. An object of the present invention is to provide a pit ladder device that can improve the safety and operability of an operator when the pit ladder is used.

The elevator pit ladder apparatus in the present invention is
A pit ladder installed in the pit of the elevator hoistway;
The pit ladder includes a support portion that supports the lower end portion so that the lower end portion of the pit ladder can slide on a predetermined track on the floor surface of the pit.

  The elevator pit ladder apparatus according to the present invention includes a pit ladder installed in a pit of an elevator hoistway, and the lower end of the pit ladder so that the lower end of the pit ladder can slide on a predetermined track on the floor surface of the pit. Since it is equipped with a support part that supports the part, it can be stood up easily so that the handrail part is located above the landing side sill on the lowest floor, and it can be easily stored along the side wall of the pit Therefore, it is possible to provide a pit ladder device that is improved in safety during use and excellent in storability during storage.

It is a side view which shows the accommodation state of the pit ladder 12 in the pit ladder apparatus 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a front view of the pit ladder apparatus 100 of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which removes the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1 from the pit side wall 50. FIG. It is a figure which shows the raising state of the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a progress diagram showing a state in which a lower end 123 is set after the pit ladder 12 in the first embodiment is pulled up. FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing a slide positioning mechanism of a lower end portion 123 of a pit ladder 12 in the first embodiment. FIG. It is a side view which shows the installation state at the time of use of the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1. It is a front view of the state of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the fixing structure to the boarding side threshold 15 of the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the fixing structure to the boarding side threshold 15 of the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the fixing structure to the boarding side threshold 15 of the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the fixing structure to the boarding side threshold 15 of the pit ladder 12 in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a side view which shows the comparison with the use condition (bold two-dot chain line) of the pit ladder 12 of the pit ladder apparatus 100 in Embodiment 1, and an accommodation state (solid line). FIG. 14 is a front view of FIG. 13. It is the elements on larger scale of the N section of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the M section of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state when the chain 21 is stored in the first embodiment. It is a front view of FIG. It is a top view (figure seen from hoistway upper direction) which shows the accommodation state of the pit ladder 12 of the pit ladder apparatus 100 in Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structural member constituting a lock mechanism of the pit ladder 12 in the first embodiment. 3 is a diagram illustrating a lock mechanism and a lock mechanism release structure according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the whole elevator system 900 block diagram in which a pit ladder is installed. FIG. 23 is a plan view showing interference between a compensatory sheep 11 and a pit ladder 912 when a conventional pit ladder 912 is applied to the elevator system 900 of FIG. 22. FIG. 23 is a side view showing interference between the compen- sion rope 9 and the compen- sation sheep 11 and the pit ladder 912 when a conventional pit ladder 912 is applied to the elevator system 900 of FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
In the present embodiment, the structure of a pit ladder device 100 installed in a pit of an elevator hoistway will be described. The elevator pit is a lowermost place of the hoistway and is located below the landing (floor) on the lowermost floor. Usually, a car shock absorber, a counterweight shock absorber, and the like are installed on the floor of the pit. The pit ladder is a ladder erected between the floor of the pit and the entrance / exit of the lowest floor landing. The operator 200 is used for maintenance and inspection, etc., and the entrance / exit of the floor of the pit and the lowest floor landing. It is a ladder to move (go back and forth).

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a storage state of the pit ladder 12 in the pit ladder device 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view of the pit ladder apparatus 100 of FIG. The pit ladder device 100 when the pit ladder 12 is in the stored state will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the pit ladder device 100 according to the present embodiment, the pit ladder device 100 can be easily accommodated without interfering with the shock absorber 17 or the like installed on the pit floor surface 51.

  The pit ladder device 100 is installed in a pit 10 provided at the lowermost end of the hoistway 1. On the pit floor 51 of the pit 10, for example, when the car 6 is pushed down, a shock absorber 17 is provided for buffering an impact.

  The pit ladder device 100 includes a pit ladder 12, a mounting base 13, a chain 21, a hook 25, a magnet 26, and a magnet fixture 27. The pit ladder 12 includes an upper ladder 121 and a lower ladder 122. The pit ladder 12 is a twin ladder that can expand and contract in the longitudinal direction when the upper ladder 121 slides with respect to the lower ladder 122. Here, a description will be given using a duplex ladder as the pit ladder 12. However, for example, a triple ladder, a multiple ladder, and other telescopic ladders may be used.

  The mount 13 supports the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 so that a predetermined track can slide on the pit floor 51. The mounting base 13 is an example of a support part. The lower end 123 is the lower end of the lower ladder 122 in the pit ladder 12 of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the mounting base 13 has a substantially L-shaped cross section, and two mounting bases 13 are arranged substantially perpendicular to the pit side wall 50 from the vicinity of the pit side wall 50 to the front of the shock absorber 17. Yes. The surface corresponding to the bottom surface of the L-shape (base surface) is in contact with the pit floor surface 51 and fixed by screwing. Further, the surface corresponding to the L-shaped vertical surface (table vertical surface) protrudes from the pit floor 51 substantially vertically. On the base vertical surface of the mounting base 13, the lower ends 123 of the ladder struts 125 and 126 on both sides of the pit ladder 12 are moved in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the pit ladder 12 (or the surface of the pit side wall 50). A slide groove 131 is provided to guide the slide. As shown in FIG. 2, protrusions 29 are provided inside the lower ends 123 of the ladder struts 125 and 126 on both sides of the pit ladder 12. The protrusion 29 engages with the slide groove 131 and slides along the slide groove 131. The protruding portion 29 is an example of a lower end side engaging portion that engages with the slide groove 131 (support portion) of the mounting base 13.

  The lower end 123 moves (slides) from the vicinity of the pit side wall 50 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the pit ladder 12 (or the surface of the pit side wall 50). Details of the sliding method of the mounting base 13 and the lower end 123 will be described later.

  In the stored state of the pit ladder 12, the lower end portion 123 is located in the vicinity of the pit side wall 50, and the upper end portion 124 is fixed to the pit side wall 50. Therefore, the pit ladder 12 is disposed in the vicinity of the pit side wall 50 in a substantially vertical state with respect to the pit floor surface 51. Further, when the pit ladder 12 is stored, the pit ladder 12 is in a contracted state. That is, the pit ladder 12 is short in the longitudinal direction with the upper ladder 121 and the lower ladder 122 overlapping. In this state, the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 is located on the pit side wall 50 provided downward from the landing side sill 15. The upper end portion 124 becomes the upper end of the upper ladder 121 in the pit ladder 12 of the present embodiment.

  A hook 25 is provided at the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12. Further, the pit side wall 50 includes a magnet fixture 27 and a magnet 26 at a position corresponding to the hook 25 of the pit ladder 12 when the pit ladder 12 is disposed along the pit side wall 50 in a contracted state. The upper end portion 124 is fixed to the pit side wall 50 by hooking the hook 25 to the magnet 26 by magnetic force (adsorption, magnetic attachment). The hook 25, the magnet 26, and the magnet fixture 27 are examples of the side wall upper end fixing part.

  That is, the pit ladder device 100 has a side wall upper end fixing portion (hook 25) that fixes the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 in a reduced state to the pit side wall 50 formed from the landing side sill 15 toward the pit floor 51. , A magnet 26 and a magnet fixture 27). Further, the pit ladder 12 is in a contracted state, the upper end 124 is fixed to the pit side wall 50 by the side wall upper end fixing portion (hook 25, magnet 26, magnet fixture 27), and the lower end 123 is the pit side wall 50. By being slid to the vicinity, it is installed along the pit side wall 50 in a state substantially perpendicular to the pit floor 51.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the landing side sill 15 protrudes from the pit side wall 50 toward the center side of the hoistway 1 by a predetermined distance L1. Then, the sag 14 before landing extension is suspended in the vertical direction from the protruding tip of the landing side threshold 15. The hook 25 is a magnetic metal having a substantially L-shaped cross section. The lower surface (L-shaped bottom surface) is attached in contact with the upper end portion 124, and the upper surface (L-shaped side surface (vertical surface) )) Is connected to one end of the chain 21. The other end of the chain 21 is detachably connected at a front sag chain connecting part 141 at the top of the sag 14 before landing extension. The chain 21 is used by the operator 200 to extend the pit ladder 12 when in use. Alternatively, it is used to prevent the pit ladder 12 from falling to the center of the hoistway 1 (pit 10) when the hook 25 is detached from the magnet 26 for some reason such as an earthquake.

  When the car 6 stops at the lowest floor, the car 6 stops with a predetermined gap L2 between the tip of the car side sill 61 and the landing side sill 15. The sag 16 before the car extension is suspended from the front end of the car side sill 61 in the vertical direction. That is, the distance between the pit side wall 50 and the sag 16 before extending the car is L1 + L2. Pit ladder 12 of pit ladder device 100 in the present embodiment is designed to be disposed between pit side wall 50 and a length less than L1 + L2 in the stored state. Thereby, even when the car 6 is pushed down, there is no possibility that the pit ladder 12 and the car 6 are buffered during storage.

  Next, in the pit ladder device 100, a procedure in which the operator 200 changes the pit ladder 12 from the stored state to the used state will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the worker has removed the pit ladder 12 from the pit side wall 50 in the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the worker 200 has lifted the pit ladder 12 in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a progress diagram showing a state where the lower end 123 is set after the pit ladder 12 is pulled up in the first embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a slide positioning of the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 in the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a side view showing the installation state when the pit ladder 12 in the first embodiment is used, and FIG. 8 is a front view of the state of FIG. A procedure for the operator 200 of the pit ladder apparatus 100 to change the pit ladder 12 from the stored state to the used state will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, the operator 200 inserts (entangles) the release rod 28 into the chain 21 and twists it to remove the hook 25 from the magnet 26. For example, the operator 200 entangles the release rod 28 with the chain 21 and pulls the release rod 28 in the direction B1 with the contact point (point a) between the release rod 28 and the landing side sill 15 as a fulcrum. The lower end is pushed in the A direction and the hook 25 is pushed in the A direction so that the hook 25 is detached from the magnet 26.

  As described above, the hook 25 is a magnetic body having a substantially L-shaped cross section, and the L-shaped bottom surface (lateral surface) is attached in contact with the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12, and the L-shaped vertical The end of the chain 21 is connected to the tip of the surface. The other end of the chain 21 is detachably connected to a front sag chain connecting part 141 of the sag 14 before landing extension. In the stored state, the chain 21 does not have to be completely pinched between the hook 25 and the front sag chain connecting portion 141, and is preferably connected with some margin. However, if the chain 21 is too slack, the distance that the operator 200 pulls the removal rod in the B1 direction becomes long, and the workability deteriorates.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the operator 200 removes the top end portion of the chain 21 from the front sag chain connecting portion 141 and holds the chain 21 so that the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 faces the hoistway 1 upward. And pull it upward (B2 direction). That is, the worker 200 pulls up the chain 21 and slides the upper ladder 121 of the pit ladder to extend (expand) the pit ladder 12. When the operator 200 lifts the pit ladder 12 itself to a position where it can be gripped, it is safer to grip and lift the pit ladder 12 thereafter.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the worker 200 raises all the upper end portions 124 of the pit ladder 12. That is, the pit ladder 12 is extended to the maximum length. The pit ladder 12 includes a lock mechanism that locks the upper ladder 121 and the lower ladder 122 in a state where the pit ladder 12 is extended to the maximum length or the pit ladder 12 is a predetermined length. The lock mechanism will be described later.

  The worker 200 pulls the upper part of the extended pit ladder 12 in the C direction using the contact point (point a) between the landing side threshold 15 and the pit ladder 12 as a fulcrum. Thereby, the lower end part 123 of the pit ladder 12 can be moved to the shock absorber 17 side (E direction). Specifically, the operator 200 first pulls the upper part of the pit ladder 12 in the C direction with the contact point (point a) as a fulcrum while pulling the entire pit ladder 12 upward (D direction). Thereby, the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 is first pulled upward (D direction) and then moved to the shock absorber 17 side (E direction).

  6 is a detailed view of a portion H in FIG. A structure in which the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 is slid toward the shock absorber 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. That is, the procedure for the operator 200 to change the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 from the stored state to the used state will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 includes a protrusion 29. The protrusion 29 is a pin that is inserted and fixed in a hole provided in the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12. Therefore, the protrusion 29 protrudes both inside and outside the ladder posts 125 and 126 of the pit ladder 12. In the present embodiment, the protruding portion on the inner side of the protrusion 29 is engaged with the slide groove 131 of the mounting base 13 and slid. However. The mounting base 13 may be provided outside the pit ladder 12, and the protruding portion outside the protrusion 29 may be engaged with the slide groove 131 and slid.

  The mounting base 13 (an example of a support portion) includes a slide groove 131 that engages with an inner protrusion 29 (hereinafter, the inner protrusion is referred to as the protrusion 29) and guides the slide of the lower end 123. . The slide groove 131 includes a side wall-side recess 130 a on the pit side wall 50 side and a center-side recess 130 b on the center side of the pit 10. In the stored state of the pit ladder 12, the protrusion 29 of the lower end 123 is in a state in which the protrusion 29 is fitted into the side wall-side recess 130a and cannot slide. That is, when the pit ladder 12 is stored, the protrusion 29 of the lower end 123 is locked by the side wall-side recess 130a.

  First, the worker 200 raises the pit ladder 12 in the D direction as described above. Next, when the operator 200 pulls the upper part of the pit ladder 12 in the C direction with the point a as a fulcrum, a force is applied to the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12 in the E direction. Since the lower end 123 is pulled up in the D direction, the lower end 123 can come out of the side wall side recess 130 a and slide in the slide groove 131. When the lower end portion 123 is slid in the E direction and reaches the center side recess 130b, the lower end portion 123 is fitted into the center side recess 130b and is locked again. That is, when the lower end 123 reaches the center-side recess 130b, it is fitted and fixed in the recess of the center-side recess 130b by gravity. As described above, the lower end 123 is fixed to the central recess 130b, so that the pit ladder 12 is leaned on the landing side sill from the pit floor 51 with a predetermined inclination.

  In the present embodiment, the concave portions are provided at both ends of the slide groove 131, but the concave portions may be provided in the middle of the slide groove 131, for example. The inclination of the pit ladder 12 during use can be adjusted by the position of the recess. However, for safety reasons, it is usually preferable to use the ladder with an inclination at which the step is substantially horizontal. Therefore, the lower end 123 is designed to be locked at a position where the step of the ladder is substantially horizontal. Is preferred. Moreover, although the center side recessed part 130b or the side wall side recessed part 130a is a structure where the lower end part 123 falls and fits into a recessed part with gravity, you may make it the structure fixed, for example by pushing in with force. . If the structure is such that the lower end 123 is pushed into the recess, it will be more difficult to come off.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing an installation state when the pit ladder 12 according to the first embodiment is used, and FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the protrusion 29 of the lower end 123 is locked (fixed) to the central recess 130b, and the pit ladder 12 is leaned against the landing side sill 15 at the point a, whereby the pit ladder 12 is Can be used. At this time, since the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 is positioned above the hoistway 1 with respect to the landing side sill 15, the worker 200 protrudes above the landing side sill 15. The ladder portion can be used as a handrail, and the pit ladder 12 can be safely boarded and exited. At that time, the safety can be further improved by securely fixing the pit ladder to the landing side threshold 15 at the point a.

  9 to 12 are diagrams showing variations of the structure for fixing the pit ladder 12 to the landing side sill 15 in the first embodiment. The elevator pit ladder apparatus 100 is configured such that the vicinity (upper part) of the upper end 124 of the pit ladder 12 is located above the hoistway 1 from the pit 10 and is located on the landing side sill 15 of the first elevator landing (that is, the lowest floor). An upper fixing part for fixing in the vicinity is provided. A structure for securely fixing the pit ladder 12 to the landing side sill 15 (structure of the upper fixing portion) will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12 with four examples.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a fixing bracket 18 having a substantially U-shaped cross section is attached to the landing side sill 15, and the fixing member 18 is fixed to the landing side sill 15 by a fastening member 19. In FIG. 9, the fixing bracket 18 is fixed to the landing side sill 15 using a bolt as the fastening member 19. One end portion of the fixing bracket 18 is fitted into the groove portion of the landing side sill 15, and a bolt (fastening member 19) is inserted into the other end portion from the center portion side of the pit 10 and tightened with screws to fix the fixing bracket 18. Fix to the landing side threshold 15.

  Although not shown, the fixing bracket 18 and the fastening member 19 are attached to the vicinity of the outside of the ladder struts 125 and 126 on both sides of the pit ladder 12, respectively. That is, the fixing bracket 18 and the fastening member 19 are attached to two locations in the vicinity of the outside of the ladder posts 125 and 126 on both sides of the pit ladder 12 in the landing side sill 15.

  The worker 200 leans the pit ladder 12 against the landing side sill 15, and then attaches the fixing bracket 18 and the fastening member 19 to two positions in the vicinity of the ladder posts 125 and 126 of the pit ladder 12 of the landing side sill 15. One end of the fixing chain 22 is fixed to one fixing bracket 18 (on the ladder column 125 side). The fixing bracket 18 on the ladder column 126 side is provided with a chain fixing portion for fixing the fixing chain 22. The operator 200 moves the fixed chain 22 over the front side of the ladder surface of the pit ladder 12 (the surface on the center side of the pit 10) so that the fixed chain 22 is not separated from the landing side sill 15. The fixing bracket 18 is fixed to the chain fixing portion of the fixing bracket 18 on the ladder column 126 side. As a result, the pit ladder 12 is securely fixed to the landing side sill 15. There is no risk of leaving the hallside threshold 15.

  FIG. 10 is an example of a structure for securely fixing the pit ladder 12 to the landing side sill 15. The difference from the structure of FIG. 9 is the structure of the fixing bracket 18 and the fastening member 19 attached to the landing side sill 15. In FIG. 10, one end of the fixture 18 is fitted in a pit surface side groove provided on a surface on the pit 10 side of the landing side sill 15 (a surface substantially parallel to the pit side wall 50). The other end of the fixing bracket 18 is positioned substantially parallel to the upper surface of the landing-side sill 15, and a bolt (fastening member 19) is inserted from above the other end of the fixing bracket 18 and screwed. . Thereby, the fixing bracket 18 is fixed to the landing side threshold 15.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the fixing bracket 18 and the fastening member 19 are attached at two locations near the outside of the ladder struts 125 and 126 on both sides of the pit ladder 12.

  The operator 200 leans the pit ladder 12 against the landing side sill 15, and then attaches the fixing bracket 18 and the fastening member 19 to two locations near the outside of the ladder columns 125 and 126 of the pit ladder 12 of the landing side sill 15. One end of the fixed chain 22 is fixed to the fastening member 19 on the ladder column 125 side. The fastening member 19 on the ladder column 126 side is provided with a chain fixing portion for fixing the fixed chain 22. The operator 200 places the other end of the fixed chain 22 on the ladder support 126 side of the fastening member 19 so that the fixed chain 22 does not cross the front surface of the ladder surface of the pit ladder 12 and leave the landing side sill 15. Secure to the chain fixing part. Thereby, there is no possibility that the pit ladder 12 is separated from the landing side threshold 15.

  FIG. 11 is an example of a structure for securely fixing the pit ladder 12 to the landing side sill 15. In FIG. 11, a chain mounting bracket 23 for attaching the fixed chain 22 is provided on the upper portion of the sag 14 before the landing extension. The operator 200 leans the pit ladder 12 against the landing side sill 15 and then attaches and attaches one end (near the end) of the fixed chain 22 to the chain mounting bracket 23, and attaches the fixed chain 22 to the pit ladder 12. The other end (near the end) is fixed to (attached to) the chain mounting bracket 23 around the periphery. Since the fixed chain 22 surrounds the periphery of the pit ladder 12 and is fixed to the upper portion of the sag 14 before landing extension, there is no possibility that the pit ladder 12 falls apart from the landing side sill 15. FIG. 11 shows a structure in which the front sag chain connecting portion 141 and the chain mounting bracket 23 are used as one part.

  FIG. 12 is an example of a structure for securely fixing the pit ladder 12 to the landing side sill 15. 12 is different from FIG. 11 in that a chain mounting bracket 23 is provided on the upper surface of the landing side sill 15. The operator 200 leans the pit ladder 12 against the landing side sill 15, fixes (attaches) one end (near the end) of the fixed chain 22 to the chain mounting bracket 23, and attaches the fixed chain 22 to the pit ladder 12. The other end (near the end) is fixed (attached) to the chain mounting bracket 23. Since the fixed chain 22 surrounds the periphery of the pit ladder 12 and is fixed to the upper surface of the landing side sill 15, there is no possibility that the pit ladder 12 falls apart from the landing side sill 15.

  FIG. 13 is a side view showing a comparison between the use state (bold two-dot chain line) and the storage state (solid line) of the pit ladder 12 of the pit ladder device 100 according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 14 is a front view of FIG. FIG. 15 is a partially enlarged view of a portion N in FIG. 13, FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged view of a portion M in FIG. 13, FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state when the chain 21 is stored, and FIG. FIG. FIG. 19 is a plan view (viewed from above the hoistway) showing the storage state of the pit ladder 12 of the pit ladder device 100 according to the first embodiment. With reference to FIG. 13 to FIG. 19, a description will be given of a procedure for the operator to change the pit ladder 12 from the use state to the storage state in the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the pit ladder device 100, the pit ladder 12 is changed from the use state (pit ladder 12 (bold two-dot chain line)) to the housed state (pit ladder 12 (solid line)). The stored state of the pit ladder 12 is as described in the description of the structure of FIGS. In FIG. 13, a state in which the car 6 is pushed down by the shock absorber 17 in the housed state of the pit ladder 12 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. According to the pit ladder apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, even when the car 6 is pushed down from the state of FIG. 1 as in the state of FIG. 13, the pit ladder 12 is connected to the pit side wall 50 and the sag 16 before the car extension. Since it is stored in between, the car 6 and the pit ladder 12 do not interfere with each other.

  FIG. 15 is a partial enlarged view of a portion N in FIG. The worker 200 (not shown) first raises the pit ladder 12 in a diagonally forward direction (P1 direction). Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 15, when the pit ladder 12 is used, the pit ladder 12 in the state where the lower end 123 is fitted in the central recess 130b is pulled up in the P1 direction. At this time, it is preferable that the angle θ between the center-side concave portion 130b and the slide portion 131c that is a portion that slides substantially horizontally is an obtuse angle. Since the angle θ is an obtuse angle, the lower end 123 can be easily lifted.

  The worker 200 (not shown) operates the pit ladder 12 so that a force in the E1 direction acts on the lower end portion 123 by pulling up the lower end portion 123 from the central recess 130b. For example, the worker 200 further pulls up the upper portion of the pit ladder 12, so that a force in the E1 direction acts on the lower end portion 123. As a result, the lower end 123 is slid in the E1 direction, and when reaching the side wall-side concave portion 130a, the lower end portion 123 is dropped and locked to the concave portion of the side wall-side concave portion 130a by gravity. At this time, it is preferable that the angle θ1 between the side wall-side concave portion 130a and the slide portion 131c is also an obtuse angle. However, the angle θ1 may be a substantially right angle. The lower end 123 is locked to the side wall side recess 130a by fitting (falling) into the side wall side recess 130a.

  Next, the worker 200 removes the lock mechanism that locks the upper ladder 121 and the lower ladder 122 in the extended state, and reduces the pit ladder 12. The lock mechanism release structure will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the hook 25 has a substantially L-shaped cross section and is made of a magnetic metal. The pit ladder device 100 includes a side wall upper end fixing portion (hook 25, magnet) that fixes the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 in a reduced state to a pit side wall 50 formed from the landing side sill 15 toward the pit floor 51. 26, a magnet fixture 27). The pit ladder 12 is preferably made of aluminum that is light and not magnetic. The hook 25 has the bottom surface of the hook 25 fixed to the upper surface of the pit ladder 12. For example, the hook 25 may be fixed to the upper surface of the uppermost step of the pit ladder 12. The end portion of the chain 21 is connected to the substantially upper center of the vertical surface of the hook 25. For example, a hole is provided in the substantially upper center of the vertical surface of the hook 25, and the ring at the end of the chain 21 is connected through the hole.

  The magnet 26 is attached to the pit side wall 50 by a magnet fixture 27. The magnet 26 is attached at a position of the pit side wall 50 corresponding to the hook 25 fixed to the upper end portion 124 when the pit ladder 12 is disposed in a state of being contracted and in parallel with the pit side wall 50. It is a place.

  For example, the operator 200 operates the chain 21 to bring the upper end portion 124 (hook 25) closer to the magnet 26. Then, the hook 25 is moved in the P direction by the magnetic force of the magnet 26 and is abutted and fixed (fixed, attracted, or magnetically attached) to the magnet 26 by the magnetic force of the magnet 26.

  In the present embodiment, the hook 25 and the magnet 26 fixed to the pit side wall are used as a method of fixing the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 to the pit side wall 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, although not shown, a hook (or hooking claw) may be provided on the upper portion of the pit ladder 12 and a member provided on the pit side wall 50 that engages with the hooking claw and can be attached and detached. Similar to the system using the hook 25 and the magnet 26, it is possible to provide a pit ladder device that can be stored and removed, and can be securely and securely fixed. Further, it is possible to provide a pit ladder that is less expensive than the method using the hook 25 and the magnet 26 and has excellent storage properties. Furthermore, since the lower fixed portion (lower end portion 123) of the pit ladder can be slid from the stored state, it is possible to simultaneously configure a pit ladder that does not easily fall over.

  As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the front sag chain connecting portion 141 has a substantially L-shaped cross section, and one surface is in contact with the sag 14 before landing extension and is fixed by screwing or the like. The other surface protrudes substantially vertically from the sag 14 before landing extension, and is provided with a hole for connecting the chain 21. After fixing the hook 25 to the magnet 26, the operator 200 connects the other end portion of the chain 21 (the end portion not connected to the hook 25) to the front sag chain connecting portion 141 at the upper portion of the landing extension before sag 14. Connect to In the present embodiment, the front sag chain connecting portion 141 and the chain mounting bracket 23 (see FIG. 11) are the same part. That is, a hole for connecting the chain 21 is provided below the surface protruding substantially vertically from the sag 14 before the landing extension, and a hole for connecting and fixing the fixed chain 22 (see FIG. 11) is provided above, thereby providing one hole. The parts serve the two functions of the front sag chain connecting portion 141 and the chain mounting bracket 23.

  FIG. 19 is a plan view of the storage state of the pit ladder 12 as viewed from above the pit 10. As shown in FIG. 19, the pit ladder 12 is disposed and accommodated substantially in parallel with the pit side wall 50. Further, the mounting base 13 is disposed substantially perpendicular to the pit side wall 50 from the vicinity of the pit side wall 50 to the front of the shock absorber 17. For this reason, even if the operator 200 tilts the pit ladder 12 to the maximum, it does not interfere with the shock absorber 17.

  FIG. 20 is a view showing the structural members constituting the locking mechanism in the pit ladder 12. FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a lock mechanism and a release structure of the lock mechanism. A lock mechanism when the pit ladder 12 is extended, a lock mechanism when the pit ladder 12 is reduced, and a releasing structure thereof will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 20 is a view of the locking mechanism 30 included in the pit ladder 12 as viewed from the side of the pit ladder 12. On the side surface of the upper ladder 121, a lock metal fitting 31 and a lock metal fitting attaching portion 34 are provided. The lock fitting 31 is attached to the side surface of the upper ladder 121 so as to be always pushed to the lower ladder 122 side by the elastic force of a spring (elastic body) (lock fitting attachment portion 34). The lock fitting 31 includes an arm portion 312 attached to the lock fitting attachment portion 34, and a hook portion 311 that is hooked on a stepper 33 described later at the tip of the arm portion 312. The hook portion 311 has a curved surface at the top, and includes a curved surface portion 313 having a substantially curved surface. The tip of the hook portion 311 (the lowermost portion of the curved surface portion 313) is called a lock tip portion 314.

  The arm 32 is attached to the arm portion 312 of the lock fitting 31. The arm 32 is a substantially triangular shape having an arm slope 322 and an arm bottom surface 323. The arm 32 is rotatably attached to the arm portion 312 by the arm attachment portion 321 in the vicinity of the apex facing the arm bottom surface 323. The arm bottom surface 323 of the arm 32 is substantially horizontal when no force is applied. The arm 32 is attached so as to be rotatable about the arm attachment portion 321 when a force is applied to the arm slope 322 or the arm bottom surface above the arm 32. The tip of the arm (near the apex composed of the arm slope 322 and the arm bottom 323) is referred to as an arm tip 324.

  On the side surface of the lower ladder 122, there is a portion (hereinafter referred to as a step pedal 33) in which an end of the step of the pit ladder 12 protrudes from the side surface portion. The locking mechanism 30 is configured such that the step 33 of the lower ladder 122 and the lock fitting 31 of the upper ladder 121 are fitted, or the lock fitting 31 of the upper ladder 121 is hooked on the step 33 of the lower ladder 122. The ladder 121 and the lower ladder 122 are locked.

FIG. 21A is a diagram illustrating the structure of the lock mechanism 30 when the upper ladder 121 is pulled upward. The structure of the lock mechanism 30 when the upper ladder 121 is pulled upward is as follows.
(A1) When the operator 200 pulls up the chain 21, the upper ladder 121 is pulled up.
(A2) When the lock fitting 31 reaches the step 33a, the step 33a contacts the curved surface portion 313 and pushes the lock 31 in the P1 direction. The lock fitting 31 is gradually inclined toward the upper ladder 121 (P1 side).
(A3) When the step 33a reaches the lowermost part of the curved surface portion 313 (hereinafter referred to as the lock tip 314), the lock fitting 31 is detached from the step 33a, and the lock fitting 31 is lowered by the elastic force of the spring of the lock fitting attachment 34 Tilt toward the ladder 122 (P2 direction).
(A4) Further, when the upper ladder 121 is pulled upward, the arm slope 322 of the arm 32 is pushed downward by the stepper 33a, and the arm 32 rotates in the P3 direction.
(A5) When the step 33a reaches the lowermost part of the arm slope 322 (hereinafter referred to as the arm tip 324), the arm 32 is disengaged from the step 33a and returns to the original position (position where the arm bottom surface 323 is substantially horizontal). Return. Furthermore, when the upper ladder 121 is pulled upward and reaches the next step 33b, the lock mechanism 30 repeats (a1) to (a5).

  As described above, the lock mechanism 30 has a structure in which, when the upper ladder 121 is pulled upward, the lock fitting 31 and the arm 32 are automatically pulled upward while removing the step 33.

FIG. 21B shows a structure when the upper ladder 121 is locked to the lower ladder 122 at a predetermined position. A structure in which the upper ladder 121 is locked to the lower ladder 122 at the position of the step 33a by the lock mechanism 30 will be described below.
(B1) When the operator 200 pulls up the chain 21, the upper ladder 121 is pulled up.
(B2) When the lock fitting 31 reaches the step 33a, the step 33a pushes the lock fitting 31 in the P1 direction while coming into contact with the curved surface portion 313, and the lock fitting 31 gradually tilts toward the upper ladder 121 (P1 side). .
(B3) When the step 33a reaches the lock front end 314 of the curved surface portion 313, the lock fitting 31 is detached from the step 33a, and the lock fitting 31 is moved to the lower ladder 122 side (P2 direction) by the elastic force of the spring of the lock fitting attachment portion 34. ). At this time, the stepper 33 a is located between the lock fitting 31 and the arm 32.
(B4) In the state of (b3), when the operator 200 loosens the lifting of the chain 21, the upper ladder 121 moves in the P5 direction by its own weight. Thereby, the hook part 311 of the lock fitting 31 is hooked on the stepper 33a, and the upper ladder 121 can be locked (locked or fixed) to the lower ladder 122 at the position of the stepper 33a. In the present embodiment, when the pit ladder 12 is used, the pit ladder 12 is extended and locked to the maximum, but it is not necessarily required to be extended to the maximum. According to the lock mechanism 30 of the present embodiment, since it can be locked at any position where the step 33 of the lower ladder 122 is located, the length of extension can be adjusted.

FIG. 21C is a diagram illustrating a lock releasing structure in the lock mechanism 30. Hereinafter, the unlocking structure when the pit ladder 12 is reduced by releasing the lock from the locked state will be described.
(C1) When the operator 200 pulls up the chain 21 in the locked state, the upper ladder 121 is lifted upward.
(C2) When the upper ladder 121 is pulled upward while the arm slope 322 of the arm 32 is in contact with the step 33a, the arm 32 gradually rotates in the P3 direction.
(C3) When the step 33a reaches the arm tip 324 of the arm slope 322, the arm 32 is detached from the step 33a. The arm 32 returns to the original position (state) (position where the arm bottom surface 323 is in a substantially horizontal state). That is, the step 33a is positioned below the arm 32.
(C4) From the state of (c3), the operator 200 operates the upper ladder 121 to move in the P5 direction by its own weight, for example, by loosening the chain 21 in order to reduce the pit ladder 12. Then, the step 33a contacts the arm bottom surface 323 of the arm 32, and the arm 32 rotates in the P4 direction by moving the upper ladder 121 downward while contacting. Then, the arm tip 324 of the arm 32 comes into contact with the lock tip 314 of the lock fitting 31.
(C5) When the arm bottom surface 323 is pushed by the stepper 33a, the arm 32 pushes the lock fitting 31 in the P1 direction. Since the arm 32 is disengaged from the step 33 a while pushing the lock fitting 31, the step 33 a is not caught by the lock fitting 31.
(C6) When the arm 32 is released from the step 33a while pushing the lock fitting 31, the arm 32 returns to the original state and the lock fitting 31 is tilted in the P2 direction by the elastic force of the spring. This state is the state (c3). Here, when the operator 200 slides the upper ladder 121 further downward (P5 direction) in order to reduce the pit ladder 12, the pit ladder 12 repeats (c3) to (c6) to step on the lower step 33c. Reduce while automatically removing.

  That is, after using the pit ladder 12, the operator 200 slightly lifts the entire pit ladder 12 and slides the slide pin of the lower end 123 from the central recess 130b on the shock absorber 17 side to the slit (dent) of the side wall recess 130a. Slide the (projection 29). Thereafter, the operator 200 lifts the pit ladder slightly while holding the chain 21 to remove the lock device (lock mechanism 30) ((c1) to (c3)), and lowers it as it is due to the weight of the upper ladder 121 (( c4) to (c6)), the locks are sequentially released, and the pit ladder 12 can be automatically returned to the original state (reduced state).

  In the present embodiment, the following pit ladder 12 for an elevator has been described. The elevator pit ladder 12 according to the present embodiment is a double-type or more multiple-type pit ladder 12 that is reduced and stored under the landing-side sill 15, and a lower fixing portion (lower end) at the time of use. Part 123) is slid and moved to the opposite landing side (pit center side) and fixed, and a tilt is formed to constitute a fall prevention mechanism.

  In addition, the elevator pit ladder 12 of the present embodiment is a double or more multiple pit ladder 12 that is reduced and accommodated under the landing side sill 15, and a lower fixed portion when used. (Lower end portion 123) is slid and moved to the opposite landing side (pit center side) and fixed, and a tilt is formed to constitute a fall-preventing mechanism, and is extended above the landing side threshold 15 An upper portion of the hepit ladder 12 is protruded to form a handrail portion.

  In addition, the elevator pit ladder 12 of the present embodiment is a double or more multiple pit ladder 12 that is reduced and accommodated under the landing side sill 15, and a lower fixed portion when used. (Lower end 123) is slid and moved to the opposite landing side (pit center side) and fixed, and a tilt is formed to constitute a fall prevention mechanism, and at the time of storage, the landing side (below the landing side sill 15) The upper part of the pit ladder 12 is fixed to a fixing bracket (upper fixing part) installed on the pit side wall 50) of the pit ladder 12 so that the pit ladder 12 and the car 6 are not buffered even when the car 6 is pushed down. Features.

  As described above, in the pit ladder device 100 according to the present embodiment, the pit ladder 12 installed in the pit 10 of the elevator hoistway 1 and the lower end portion 123 of the pit ladder 12 is a predetermined track on the pit floor 51. Is provided with a support portion (mounting base 13) for supporting the lower end portion 123 so as to be slidable, and can be installed and installed without interfering with other devices (such as the shock absorber 17) installed in the pit 10. A pit ladder device that can be stored and has excellent operability and storage property can be provided.

  The pit ladder 12 includes a lower end side engaging portion that engages with the mounting base 13 (supporting portion) at the lower end portion 123, and the mounting base 13 engages with the lower end side engaging portion and slides the lower end portion 123. Since the support is possible, the operator 200 can easily install and store without interfering with other devices (such as the shock absorber 17) installed in the pit 10, so that the pit ladder device is excellent in operability and storage. Can be provided.

  The lower end side engaging portion includes a protruding portion (slide pin 29), and the mounting base 13 (supporting portion) has a slide groove 131 that engages with the protruding portion (slide pin 29) and guides the slide of the lower end portion 123. Thus, the operator 200 can install and store the pit ladder 12 by a simple operation without interfering with other devices (such as the shock absorber 17) installed in the pit 10. In the present embodiment, the slide pin (protrusion 29) is guided by the slide groove 131 to slide the lower end 123 of the pit ladder 12. However, other structures may be used. For example, there is a method in which a wheel or the like is provided at the lower end 123 and a rail is provided on the mount 13 to slide on the rail. Alternatively, for example, a method may be used in which a groove is provided in the lower end portion 123 and a protrusion provided on the mounting base 13 is fitted in the groove so that the lower end portion 123 is slid.

  The pit ladder device 100 according to the present embodiment further fixes the vicinity of the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 to the vicinity of the landing-side sill 15 of the first elevator hall from the pit 10 to the upper side of the hoistway 1. The pit ladder 12 includes an upper fixing portion, and the upper fixing portion fixes the vicinity of the upper end portion 124 to the vicinity of the landing side sill 15 and the lower end portion 123 is slid to a predetermined position so that the pit floor surface Since it is installed in an inclined state with respect to 51, the operator 200 can easily install the safe pit ladder 12 having a fall prevention mechanism that is difficult to fall.

  The pit ladder 12 is extendable in the longitudinal direction, and in the extended state, the upper fixing portion fixes the vicinity of the upper end portion 124 to the vicinity of the landing side sill 15 and the lower end portion 123 has a predetermined position ( The upper end 124 is located above the landing side sill 15 above the hoistway 1 by being slid to the front of the shock absorber 17). Therefore, the portion of the pit ladder 12 that is located above the landing side threshold 15 can be used as a handrail, and the safe pit ladder 12 having a fall prevention mechanism that is difficult to fall can be easily installed. At the same time, a safer pit ladder 12 can be provided.

  Further, since the upper end portion 124 is positioned above the hoistway 1 above the landing side threshold 15, when the pit ladder 12 is installed, the vicinity of the upper end portion 124 of the pit ladder 12 is the lowest floor side threshold 15. It is possible to provide a safe pit ladder 12 that protrudes further upward and has a handrail function when the worker 200 accesses the pit 10. Furthermore, when the pit ladder 12 is used, it is provided with a stopper (center side recess 130b) for preventing the ladder from toppling over and can be installed with an angle for preventing the toppling, so that it can be secured safely and reliably. The pit ladder device 100 can be provided.

  Pit ladder apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment further includes a side wall that fixes upper end portion 124 of pit ladder 12 in a reduced state to pit side wall 50 formed from landing side sill 15 toward pit floor 51. The pit ladder 12 is provided with an upper end fixing portion, and the upper end 124 is fixed to the pit side wall 50 by the side wall upper end fixing portion in a contracted state, and the lower end portion 123 is slid to the vicinity of the side wall, thereby the pit floor surface. Since it is installed close to the pit side wall 50 in a state substantially perpendicular to the 51, it is possible to provide a safe and space-saving pit ladder 12 without interference even in a high-speed elevator equipped with a compensatory sheep. It becomes.

  In the reduced state, the upper end 124 of the pit ladder 12 is located below the landing side sill 15, so that the pit ladder 12 can be stored smaller under the landing side sill 15, and the car 6 is stored in the shock absorber 17. Even when pushed down, it is possible to provide a safe pit ladder apparatus 100 that does not interfere with the sag 16 before the extension of the car 6 and the pit ladder 12.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hoistway, 3 hoisting machine, 4 main rope, 5 guide rail, 6 cage, 7 counter weight, 8 control cable, 9 Compen rope, 10 pit, 11 Compen sheep, 12 pit ladder, 13 mounting base, 14 landing Sampling before extension, 15 Stop on landing side, 16 Sagging before car extension, 17 Shock absorber, 18 Fixing bracket, 19 Fastening member, 21 Chain, 23 Chain mounting bracket, 25 Hook, 26 Magnet, 27 Magnet fixing tool, 29 Protrusion, 30 lock mechanism, 31 lock fitting, 32 arm, 33, 33a, 33b, 33c stepping, 34 lock fitting attachment, 50 pit side wall, 51 pit floor, 61 car side sill, 100 pit ladder device, 121 upper ladder, 122 Lower ladder, 123 Lower end, 124 Upper end, 125, 126 Ladder support, 130a Side wall side recess, 30b Center side recess, 131 slide groove, 131c slide part, 141 front sag chain connection part, 311 hook part, 312 arm part, 313 curved surface part, 314 lock tip part, 321 arm attachment part, 322 arm slope, 323 arm bottom face, 324 Arm tip, 900 elevator system.

Claims (3)

In a pit ladder device comprising a pit ladder installed in a pit of an elevator hoistway ,
A support portion for supporting the lower end portion so that the lower end portion of the pit ladder can slide on a predetermined track on the floor surface of the pit;
A front sag section suspended vertically from a landing side sill protruding from the first elevator landing to the hoistway from the pit toward the upper side of the hoistway toward the floor of the pit
With
The pit ladder is
In a contracted state, the lower end is supported in the vicinity of the side wall of the pit on the elevator hall side, and the upper end is below the lower end of the front sag portion. By being fixed to the side wall by the side wall upper end fixing portion, the side wall is stood up along the side wall,
One end portion is connected to the upper end portion of the pit ladder, and the other end portion is detachably connected to the upper portion of the front sag portion, and connects the upper end portion of the pit ladder and the upper portion of the front sag portion. A pit ladder device comprising a connecting member that performs the above operation .   The pit ladder is
  A hook portion formed of a magnetic metal on the upper end portion,
  The side wall upper end fixing part is
  A magnet, a magnet fixture for fixing the magnet to the side wall, and the hook portion provided in the pit ladder, and the hook portion is magnetically attached to the magnet fixed to the side wall by the magnet fixture. By fixing the upper end of the pit ladder to the side wall
The pit ladder apparatus according to claim 1.   A pit ladder device comprising a pit ladder installed in a pit of an elevator hoistway,
  A support portion for supporting the lower end portion so that the lower end portion of the pit ladder can slide on a predetermined track on the floor surface of the pit;
  A front sag section suspended vertically from a landing side sill protruding from the first elevator landing to the hoistway from the pit toward the upper side of the hoistway toward the floor of the pit
With
  The pit ladder is
  In a contracted state, the lower end is supported in the vicinity of the side wall of the pit on the elevator hall side, and the upper end is below the lower end of the front sag portion. By being fixed to the side wall by the side wall upper end fixing portion, the side wall is stood up along the side wall,
  One end portion is connected to the upper end portion of the pit ladder, and the other end portion is detachably connected to the upper portion of the front sag portion, and connects the upper end portion of the pit ladder and the upper portion of the front sag portion. In a pit ladder installation method for installing a pit ladder of a pit ladder device including a connecting member to be used from a stored state,
  Remove the upper end portion of the pit ladder from the side wall upper end fixing portion,
  Remove the other end of the connecting member from the front sag portion,
  Pull up the removed connecting member to extend the pit ladder,
  With the pit ladder extended, the lower end of the pit ladder is slid from the vicinity of the side wall to the center side of the floor of the pit,
  The pit ladder is installed in an inclined state with respect to the floor surface by fixing the lower end portion of the pit ladder that has been slid at a predetermined position on the floor surface.
A pit ladder installation method characterized by this.

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