JP5457032B2 - 多孔質材料及びそれを製作する方法 - Google Patents
多孔質材料及びそれを製作する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5457032B2 JP5457032B2 JP2008538238A JP2008538238A JP5457032B2 JP 5457032 B2 JP5457032 B2 JP 5457032B2 JP 2008538238 A JP2008538238 A JP 2008538238A JP 2008538238 A JP2008538238 A JP 2008538238A JP 5457032 B2 JP5457032 B2 JP 5457032B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title description 33
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006260 polyaryletherketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 89
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008468 bone growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005679 Peltier effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007907 direct compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
- B32B5/145—Variation across the thickness of the layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
- A61L27/48—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with macromolecular fillers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
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- C08J2201/044—Elimination of an inorganic solid phase
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- C08J2201/0446—Elimination of NaCl only
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2371/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08J2371/12—Polyphenylene oxides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/249981—Plural void-containing components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
Description
さて図1を参照すると、数字10を用いて一般的に言及される多孔質PEEK材料が開示される。この多孔質材料は多孔質層12で構成され、そしてまた特定の具体的態様において非多孔質層14を含み得る。非多孔質層は同じプロセス行為で多孔質層12と一緒に製作され得、あるいはその後に多孔質層12に結合され得る。加えて、第2多孔質層が、非多孔質層14の上面16に同じ態様で作られ得る。
高さ 0.460インチ
表面積 0.126インチ2
本願発明に関連する発明の実施形態を以下に列挙する。
[実施形態1]
第1材料から多孔質構造体を製作する方法であって、次の行為すなわち
第1材料を第2材料と混合して混合物を作り、しかも第1材料は第2材料よりも低い融点を有し、
この混合物を中圧下で第1材料の融点と第2材料の融点の間の温度に加熱し、
この溶融混合物をそれが固化するまで冷却し、そして
第1材料から第2材料を除去する
行為を含む方法。
[実施形態2]
第2材料が変形なしに高圧に耐えることができ、そして冷却する行為が溶融混合物をそれが固化するまで高圧下で冷却することを含む、実施形態1に記載の方法。
[実施形態3]
高圧が、約500psi(3445kPs)より大きい、実施形態2に記載の方法。
[実施形態4]
第1材料がポリアリールエーテルケトンである、実施形態1に記載の方法。
[実施形態5]
ポリアリールエーテルケトンがPEEKであり、第2材料が食卓塩であり、そして温度が390℃と410℃の間好ましくは400℃である、実施形態4に記載の方法。
[実施形態6]
第1材料及び第2材料が微粒子形態にあり、そして混合する行為が第1材料及び第2材料をタンブラー中に入れそしてこのタンブラーを回転させることを含む、実施形態1に記載の方法。
[実施形態7]
加熱する行為が混合物を約400℃に加熱することを含み、且つ更に中圧が100psi(689kPa)から200psi(1378kPa)の間にある、実施形態4に記載の方法。
[実施形態8]
第1材料に対する第2材料の量が、固化混合物からの第2材料の除去が第1材料及び複数の相互連結通路で構成された生じた構造体を後に残すように存在する、実施形態1に記載の方法。
[実施形態9]
混合物が、20重量%の第1材料及び80重量%の第2材料を含む、実施形態8に記載の方法。
[実施形態10]
第2材料が第1材料と反応しない溶媒中において溶解性であり、そして除去する行為が固化溶融混合物を該溶媒の浴中で洗浄することを含む、実施形態1に記載の方法。
[実施形態11]
第2材料が食卓塩であり、そして溶媒が水である、実施形態10に記載の方法。
[実施形態12]
食卓塩が、180ミクロンより大きいサイズを有する塩粒子で構成されている、実施形態11に記載の方法。
[実施形態13]
除去する行為に続いて、多孔質構造体をアニーリングする行為を更に含む、実施形態1に記載の方法。
[実施形態14]
多孔質構造体を製作する方法であって、次の行為すなわち
流体材料を固体微粒子と混合して混合物を作り、
この混合物を固化し、そして
この固化混合物から該固体微粒子を除去する
行為を含む方法。
[実施形態15]
混合する行為に先だって、第1固体材料を溶融して液体材料を生じさせる行為を更に含み、そして固化する行為が混合物を冷却することを含む、実施形態14に記載の方法。
[実施形態16]
第1材料が短鎖ポリマーであり、そして固化する行為が硬化剤を第1材料に添加することを含む、実施形態14に記載の方法。
[実施形態17]
第1材料が熱硬化性プラスチックであり、そして固化する行為が熱を用いて混合物をキュアすることを含む、実施形態14に記載の方法。
[実施形態18]
インプラント用に適した材料であって、
複数個の相互連結細孔を含む硬質生体適合性ポリマー
を含み、しかも該ポリマーは容積により50%と85%の間の多孔度を有する材料。
[実施形態19]
細孔が、約180ミクロンより大きい平均直径を有する、実施形態18に記載の材料。
[実施形態20]
細孔が、約300と約710ミクロンの間の直径を有する、実施形態19に記載の材料。
[実施形態21]
細孔が、約300と約410ミクロンの間の直径を有する、実施形態19に記載の材料。
[実施形態22]
細孔が、約410と約500ミクロンの間の直径を有する、実施形態19に記載の材料。
[実施形態23]
細孔が、約500と710ミクロンの間の直径を有する、実施形態19に記載の材料。
[実施形態24]
基材が、容積により60%と80%の間の多孔度を有する、実施形態18に記載の材料。
[実施形態25]
生体適合性ポリマーがPEEKである、実施形態18に記載の材料。
[実施形態26]
複合構造体であって、
複数個の相互連結細孔を含む第1多孔質部分、
第1部分に固着された第1表面を有する第2充実部分
を含み、しかも第1部分と第2部分は同じ材料から製作されている構造体。
[実施形態27]
複合材料がインプラント用に適しており、そして第1部分が第1生体適合性ポリマーから製作されておりそして第2部分が第2生体適合性ポリマーから製作されている、実施形態26に記載の構造体。
[実施形態28]
第1生体適合性ポリマーがPEEKである、実施形態27に記載の構造体。
[実施形態29]
第2生体適合性ポリマーがPEEKカーボンプレプレグである、実施形態27に記載の構造体。
[実施形態30]
第1生体適合性ポリマーと第2生体適合性ポリマーが同じである、実施形態27に記載の構造体。
[実施形態31]
第1生体適合性ポリマーと第2生体適合性ポリマーが両方共PEEKである、実施形態30に記載の構造体。
[実施形態32]
第2充実部分が第2表面を有し、そして第2表面に固着された第2多孔質部分を更に含む、実施形態26に記載の構造体。
[実施形態33]
第2充実部分が第1及び第2部分と同じ材料から製作されている、実施形態32に記載の構造体。
[実施形態34]
椎骨インプラント用に適した材料であって、
複数個の相互連結細孔を含む多孔質生体適合性ポリマー
を含み、しかも該ポリマーは少なくとも20MPaまでの圧力に耐え得る材料。
[実施形態35]
ポリマーがPEEKである、実施形態34に記載の材料。
[実施形態36]
インプラント用に適した材料であって、複数個の相互連結細孔を含む且ついずれの次元においても約1インチの最小厚さを有する多孔質PEEK材料から形成された材料。
Claims (8)
- ポリアリールエーテルケトンから多孔質構造体を製作する方法であって、次の行為すなわち
前記ポリアリールエーテルケトンを微粒子材料と混合して混合物を作り、しかもそのポリアリールエーテルケトンは微粒子材料よりも低い融点を有し、
この混合物を第1の圧下で前記ポリアリールエーテルケトンの融点と前記微粒子材料の融点の間の温度に加熱し、ここで、前記第1の圧は100psi(689kPa)と200psi(1378kPa)の間にあり、
この溶融混合物をそれが固化するまで前記第1の圧より高い第2の圧下で冷却し、ここで、前記第2の圧は500psi(3445kPa)より高く、そして
前記ポリアリールエーテルケトンから前記微粒子材料を除去し、ここで、前記ポリアリールエーテルケトンに対する前記微粒子材料の量が、前記固化混合物からの前記微粒子材料の除去が前記ポリアリールエーテルケトン及び複数の相互連結通路で構成された生じた構造体を後に残すように存在する
行為を含む方法。 - ポリアリールエーテルケトンがPEEK(ポリエーテルエーテルケトン)であり、微粒子材料が食卓塩であり、そして温度が390℃と410℃の間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ポリアリールエーテルケトン及び微粒子材料が微粒子形態にあり、そして混合する行為が前記ポリアリールエーテルケトン及び前記微粒子材料をタンブラー中に入れそしてこのタンブラーを回転させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 混合物が、20重量%のポリアリールエーテルケトン及び80重量%の微粒子材料を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 微粒子材料がポリアリールエーテルケトンと反応しない溶媒中において溶解性であり、そして除去する行為が固化溶融混合物を該溶媒の浴中で洗浄することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 微粒子材料が食卓塩であり、そして溶媒が水である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 食卓塩が、180ミクロンより大きいサイズを有する塩粒子で構成されている、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 除去する行為に続いて、多孔質構造体をアニーリングする行為を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
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