JP5417956B2 - Direct seeding machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for orderly sowing seeds in a sowing groove formed by a grooving device in a field by a direct sowing machine for directly sowing seeds such as seed pods.

  For example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-22721, the direct sowing machine is mounted so as to be pulled to the rear part of the traveling vehicle body, and sowing while receiving the seed pods in the seed hopper in a small portion provided in the seed sowing roll for sowing. It is a seed discharge device that is intermittently fed to the discharge cylinder by the rotation of the seed sowing roll, and is provided on the discharge cylinder. The seed grooving device releases the seed to the sowing groove formed in the field and covers it with the earth covering plate. I am doing so.

JP 2008-22721 A

  In the conventional direct sowing machine, the seed pods in the seed hopper are fed into the discharge cylinder by a predetermined amount by the rotation of the seeding roll for seeding, and the seeds are urged by the seed release device and released into the groove of the field scene. Are dispersed while colliding with the inner peripheral wall in the discharge cylinder, and fallen and released into the seeding groove. For this reason, seeds may fly out of the sowing groove.

  Therefore, in the present invention, in a direct sowing machine that directly seeds seeds such as seed seeds while traveling, the seed seeds in the seed seed hopper are drawn out so as not to collide with the inner wall of the discharge cylinder and are seeded in the seed seeding groove in an orderly manner. This is a problem.

The problems of the present invention are solved by the following technical means.
The invention according to claim 1 is a field in which a seed grooving device (64) is formed by feeding a predetermined amount of seed through a feeding hole (50) of a feeding roll (49) provided at the bottom of a seed hopper (48). in direct seeder comprising a direct sowing device (47) to seed sowing grooves seeds to fall into, straight seeding device (47) is above the feeding surround the feed roll (49) cylinder (51), feed roll (49 ) And a scraper brush (79) for scraping and leveling the outer peripheral surface is provided between the seed bracket (52) supporting the feeding roll (49) and the seed hopper (48). The opening end (51bt) of the cylinder (51) is formed slightly below the side next to the feeding roll (49) and on the front side of the machine body from the center of the feeding cylinder (51), and falls from the feeding hole (50). seeds chimneys to (53) in Is configured to fall vertically without being affected by the centrifugal force of the feeding roll (49), and the seed falling from the discharge tube (53) on the upper side of the sowing groover (64) is affected by the wind. seeding cover (90) to prevent provided, and a direct sowing machine, characterized in that seeding sowing groove the sowing operation groove unit (64) is formed.

The invention according to claim 2 is configured such that the direct seeding device (47) is configured to sow a plurality of strips, the sowing groover (64) is configured to be movable up and down, and sowing to some seeding strips When the heel clutch that stops the operation is turned off, or when the side marker is raised to a non-use state, the seeding groove (64) is lowered to increase the depth of the seeding groove. The direct seeder according to claim 1 is used.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the direct seeding device (47) is provided at a rear portion of the traveling vehicle body (2) so that the direct seeding device (47) can be raised and lowered, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder (46) for raising and lowering the direct seeding device (47) is provided. 47), a center float (55) that moves up and down in accordance with the unevenness of the field is provided, an elevation angle sensor (24) that detects the amount of vertical movement of the center float (55) is provided, and detection of the elevation angle sensor (24) Based on the results, hydraulic control is performed to change the sowing depth of the direct sowing device (47) by expanding and contracting the lifting hydraulic cylinder (46), and leveling the unevenness of the farm scene on the front side of the center float (55) A rotor (27) is provided, a rotor raising / lowering motor (44) for raising and lowering the leveling rotor (27) is provided, a speed change actuator (83) for changing the traveling speed of the traveling vehicle body (2) is provided, A seeding end switch (16) for ending the operation of the device (47) is provided, and when the seeding end switch (16) is operated, the rotor lifting / lowering motor (44) is operated to raise the leveling rotor (27), The direct seeding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control sensitivity of the hydraulic control is made sensitive and the traveling actuator (83) is operated to reduce the traveling speed.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the seeds fed out from the seed hopper (48) by the feeding roll (49) by a predetermined amount are slightly lower than the feeding roll (49) of the feeding cylinder (51) and the feeding cylinder. by lower drop vertically sowing groove from the opening end portion formed on the body front side (51Bt) than the center (51), collide with the inner wall of the discharge tube (53) by the centrifugal force of the seed feed roll (49) it can be prevented to be without such drop position seeds are dispersed, the seeds are sown orderly sowing in grooves sowing operation groove unit (64) is formed, is improved seeding accuracy.
Further, by providing the scraper brush (79) on the upper side of the feeding cylinder (51), the outer peripheral surface of the feeding roll (49) can be scraped and smoothed by the scraper brush (79), and the feeding hole (50) can be smoothed. Extra seeds are prevented from entering.
And by providing the sowing cover (90) that prevents the seed falling from the discharge tube (53) from being influenced by the wind, the seed can fall into the sowing groove without being influenced by the wind. The seeds are sowed in order in the sowing groove.
In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, when the heel clutch is disengaged or the side marker is not used, the sowing groover (64) is automatically By descending, the sowing groove having a sufficient depth can be formed at the time of dredging where the hardness of the field is harder than the others.
In the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1 or 2, when the seeding end switch (16) is operated, the rotor lifting / lowering motor (44) raises the leveling rotor (27). The control sensitivity of the hydraulic control can be switched sensitively, and the speed change actuator (83) can reduce the travel speed of the travel vehicle body (2).

It is a right view of a riding type direct seeding machine. It is a partially expanded rear view of a riding type direct seeding machine. It is a partially expanded plan view of a riding type direct seeding machine. It is a sectional side view of a soot feeding roll. It is a sectional side view which shows the lower part of a soot feeding roll. FIG. It is a control block diagram.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The direct sowing machine according to the present embodiment is a direct sowing machine of a riding four-wheel drive type, and the direct sowing apparatus 47 is usually mounted on the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 2 as a working machine as shown in FIG. The direct seeding device 47 is connected to the rear side of the main frame 15 via the lift link device 3 that can be lifted and lowered. The center portion of the direct sowing device 47 is connected to the vertical link 43 at the rear end of the parallel links 40 and 41 so as to be rotatable around a rolling shaft (not shown), and the main body portion of the fertilizer application device 5 is located on the rear upper side of the traveling vehicle body 2. Is provided.

  The traveling vehicle body 2 is a four-wheel drive vehicle provided with a pair of left and right front wheels 10 and 10 and rear wheels 11 and 11 as drive wheels. A mission case 12 is disposed at the front of the fuselage. Front wheel final cases 13 and 13 are provided on the left and right sides of the front wheel, and the front wheels 10 and 10 are attached to a front wheel axle that protrudes outward from a front wheel support portion that can be turned of the front wheel final case 13. Further, the front end of the main frame 15 is fixed to the rear portion of the transmission case 12, and a rear wheel rolling shaft 18a (see FIG. 3) provided horizontally at the front and rear of the rear end of the main frame 15 is used as a fulcrum. The rear wheel gear cases 18 and 18 are supported in a freely rolling manner, and the rear wheels 11 and 11 are attached to the rear wheel axle that protrudes outward from the rear wheel gear cases 18 and 18.

  The engine 20 as a prime mover is mounted on the main frame 15, and the rotational power of the engine 20 is transmitted to the transmission case 12 through the first belt transmission device 21 and the second belt transmission device 23. The rotational power transmitted to the transmission case 12 is shifted by a transmission in the transmission case 12, and then separated into traveling power and external extraction power. A part of the traveling power is transmitted to the front wheel final cases 13 and 13 to drive the front wheels 10 and 10, and the rest is transmitted to the rear wheel gear cases 18 and 18 to drive the rear wheels 11 and 11. Further, the external take-out power is transmitted to a clutch case 25 provided at the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 2 and is transmitted to the fertilizer application device 5 by the fertilizer transmission mechanism 28.

  The fertilizer applicator 5 feeds the fertilizer stored in the fertilizer storage tank 60 by a certain amount by the fertilizer feeding sections 61,..., And applies the fertilizer to the left and right sides of the center float 55 and the side floats 56, 56 with the fertilizer hose 62,. It guides to the attached fertilizer guide 63 (refer FIG. 4), ..., and it discharges in the fertilizer structure formed in the side part vicinity of a sowing row by the sowing groover 64 ... provided in the front side of the fertilizer guide 63, ... It is like that.

  An air chamber 69 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tank 60, and hot air sucked from around the engine muffler by a blower driven by a motor (not shown) is blown from the suction duct into the air chamber 69 that is long in the left-right direction and fertilizer. Are heated and dried, and further blown into the fertilizer hose 62, ..., and the fertilizer in the fertilizer hose 62, ... is forcibly transferred to the fertilizer discharge port on the planting part side. A desiccant such as a polymer absorbent is enclosed in the suction duct to remove moisture from the hot air so that drying of the fertilizer is promoted.

  The upper part of the engine 20 is covered with an engine cover 30, and a seat 31 is installed thereon. A front panel 32 incorporating various operation mechanisms is provided in front of the seat 31, and a handle 34 for steering the front wheels 10 is provided above the front panel 32. The engine cover 30 and the front panel 32 have horizontal floor steps 35 on the left and right sides of the lower end. The rear portion of the floor step 35 is a rear step 36 that also serves as a rear wheel fender.

  The elevating link device 3 has a parallel link configuration, and includes one upper link 40 and a pair of left and right lower links 41, 41. The upper link 40 and the lower links 41, 41 are rotatably attached to a rear-view portal-shaped link base frame 42 whose base side is erected at the rear end of the main frame 15, and a vertical link 43 at the front end side thereof. Are connected. An elevating hydraulic cylinder 46 is provided between the support member fixed to the main frame 15 and the tip of the swing arm 45 formed integrally with the upper link 40, and the elevating hydraulic cylinder 46 is expanded and contracted by hydraulic pressure. The upper link 40 rotates up and down, and the direct seeding device 47 moves up and down while maintaining a substantially constant posture.

  The direct sowing device 47 surrounds a feeding roll 49 for feeding seeds from an upper seed hopper 48, a feeding cylinder 51 that covers the feeding rolls 49 in a cylindrical shape, and a seed pod that is fed and dropped from the feeding cylinder 51 so as not to be disturbed by wind. It consists of a discharge cylinder 53.

A cylindrical feeding roll 49 is horizontally mounted on the seed bracket 52, and a feeding hole 50 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the feeding roll 49 at a quarter angle position.
The feeding cylinder 51 that surrounds the feeding roll 49 opens the upper seed soup inlet 51a and the lower seed soup outlet 51b, and the opening end 51bt of the seed soot outlet 51b that is on the front side in the rotation direction A of the feeding roll 49. Is located slightly below the right side of the feeding roll 49 (a position inclined about 70 ° forward from the center vertical direction of the feeding cylinder 51). For this reason, seeds in the feeding hole 50 fall once vertically after being received by the feeding cylinder 51.

  A brush attachment body 57 provided with a scraper brush 79 is attached to the seed bracket 52 by a seed hopper 48 on the side of the seed barrel 51a of the feeding cylinder 51. The scraper brush 79 scrapes the outer peripheral surface of the feeding roll 49.

  When the feeding roll 49 rotates, three seed pods in the seed hopper 48 are taken into the feeding hole 50, and the seed pod reaches the opening end 51 bt of the feeding cylinder 51 by the rotation of the feeding roll 49 and does not hit the inner wall of the discharge cylinder 53. The seeds fall and are seeded in the groove formed by the seeding groove producing device 64.

The seed pods falling from the discharge cylinder 53 fall into the groove without being affected by the wind by falling in a space surrounded by the seed cover 90 provided on the upper side of the discharge cylinder 53 and the seeding groover 64.
A center float 55 and side floats 56 and 56 are provided at the lower part of the direct seeding device 47. When the aircraft is advanced with the center float 55 and the side floats 56, 56 in contact with the mud surface of the field, the center float 55 and the side floats 56, 56 slide while leveling the mud surface. Seeds are sown by the direct sowing device 47.

  The center float 55 and the side floats 56 and 56 are rotatably attached so that the front end side moves up and down according to the unevenness of the soil surface of the field, and the vertical movement of the front part of the center float 55 is an angle-of-attack sensor during direct sowing work. The sowing depth of the soot seeds is always kept constant by switching the hydraulic valve that controls the lifting hydraulic cylinder 46 according to the detection result to raise and lower the direct sowing device 47.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the main part of the leveling rotor support structure of the direct seeding device 47 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the main part of the leveling rotor 27, the center float 55, and the side floats 56 and 56.
The leveling rotor support structure has a beam member 66 (FIG. 1) whose upper ends are rotatably supported by both side members of a rectangular support frame 65 (FIG. 1) consisting of left and right support rods and both side members extending in the vertical direction. 2) and a support arm 67 fixed to both ends of the beam member 66, and a rotor support frame 68 rotatably attached to the support arm 67 are provided. A side rotor drive shaft 70a of the leveling side rotor 27a is attached to the lower end of the rotor support frame 68.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the center rotor 27 b in front of the center float 55 is disposed in front of the side rotor 27 a in front of the side float 56 due to the arrangement position of the center float 55 and the side floats 56 and 56. Yes. Therefore, the power of the side rotor 27a to the side rotor drive shaft 70a is transmitted via the leveling transmission device 72 (FIG. 1) in the gear case 18 of the rear wheel 11, and the center rotor drive shaft 70b of the center rotor 27b is connected to both sides. Power is transmitted from a pair of chains (not shown) in a pair of left and right chain cases 73 to which power is transmitted from the ends of the side rotor drive shafts 70a and 70a of the rotors 27a and 27a on the inner side of the vehicle body.

Note that there is a speed change belt conveyor operating motor in the leveling transmission 72, and the rotational speeds of the leveling side rotors 27a and 27a can be changed according to the vehicle speed.
Since the center rotor driving shaft 70b of the center rotor 27b is only supported through a pair of left and right chain cases 73, 73, a reinforcement that bridges the pair of left and right chain cases 73, 73 to reinforce the chain cases 73, 73. A member 74 is provided.

  Further, the center rotor 27 b is suspended by a pair of first link member 76 and second link member 77 whose upper ends are supported by the beam member 66 via a spring 78. The first link member 76 and the second link member 77 have a first link member 76 whose one end is fixedly supported by the beam member 66 and a second link member whose one end is rotatably connected to the other end of the first link 76. The spring 78 is connected between the other end portion of the second link member 77 and a mounting piece 74a rotatably supported by the reinforcing member 74.

  A bent piece 82 is fixed to the motor shaft of the rotor lifting / lowering motor 44 attached to the support frame 65. When the motor shaft of the rotor lifting / lowering motor 44 is controlled to rotate in the left-right direction of the vehicle, the protruding portion 66a fixedly supported by the beam member 66 rotatably supported by both side members of the support frame 65. The bent piece 82 is rotated up and down in the vicinity. Since the bent piece 82 is engaged with the lower portion of the protruding portion 66a, the protruding portion 66a is turned upward by rotating the motor shaft of the motor 44 for raising and lowering the rotor to the right of the machine body (in the direction of arrow S in FIG. 2). It rotates about the beam member 66 as a center. By the rotation of the projecting portion 66a, the end of the first link member 76 opposite to the connecting portion with the beam member 66 is also rotated upward about the beam member 66. By rotating the first link member 76 upward, the center rotor 27 b can be raised upward via the second link member 77 and the spring 78. When the center rotor 27b is moved upward, the side rotor 27a is also simultaneously moved upward via the center rotor drive shaft 70b and the side rotor drive shaft 70a.

On both sides of the center float 55 and the side floats 56, 56 are provided a pair of sowing grooves 64 and a pair of earth covering plates 59 that fill the grooves in the field made by the sowing grooves 64.
The sowing groover 64 is attached to the center float 55 and the side floats 56, 56 so as to be slidable back and forth, and slides forward as the direct sowing apparatus 47 rises to improve the balance of the machine body.

  Further, the sowing groover 64 moves up and down and the field is hard when sowing at the time of sowing, so the sowing groover 64 is lowered to deepen the sowing groove. The judgment at the time of dredging is assumed to be in the state of sowing at the drought by cutting off the dredging clutch that stops sowing on a part of the sowing line, raising the side marker, or turning the body.

The wind from the blower is blown into the sowing groove, and when the depth sensor detects the depth, the wind from the blower is blown to prevent the soot from floating.
FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the center float 55 and the side floats 56 and 56, and shows a mechanism diagram of the operation member of the cover plate 59 provided on the center float 55 and the side floats 56 and 56.

  The pair of arms 75 and 75 are swung via the wire 71 by turning on and off the cover plate operating motor 9 controlled by the control device 4 to swing the cover plate 59 at the tip of the arm in the arrow B direction. As the soil covering plate 59 swings, the seed sown in the sowing groove formed by the sowing groover 64 can be covered with soil. That is, when the cover plate operating motor 9 is moved from cut to on, the bases of the pair of arms 75 and 75 are pulled through the wire 71, and a torque spring (not shown) provided at the tip of each arm 75 is pulled. Thus, the cover plate 59 connected at a predetermined angle swings.

  When the sowing is continued with the direct sowing device 47 while the traveling vehicle body 2 rides on the basket, the direct sowing device 47 is slightly lifted. At this time, the differential function of the front wheels 10 is stopped to prevent slipping, and the inside of the turning during turning The pumping of the brake is stopped and the ascent restriction of the side float 56 is released.

FIG. 7 is a control block diagram showing control signal input / output to / from the control device 4 that automatically controls the raising / lowering of the direct seeding device 47.
The input signal is an on / off signal for operating the sowing end from the sowing end switch 16 provided near the handle 34, the tilt angle signal from the front / rear tilt angle sensor 17 provided on the traveling vehicle body 2, and the rear wheel 11 A rotational speed signal from the rear wheel rotational speed sensor 19 for detecting the rotational speed, a position signal of the direct sowing device 47 with respect to the traveling vehicle body 2 from the lifting link sensor 22 provided in the lifting link device 3, and an angle-of-attack sensor 24 provided in the center float 55. 2 is an on / off signal for operating the feeding roll 49 from the planting switch 26.

  The output signals are an expansion / contraction command signal to the sowing part raising / lowering electromagnetic valve 29 for controlling the extension / contraction of the elevating hydraulic cylinder 46 and a driving signal of the feeding roll 49 to the sowing clutch motor 85. Further, it is a lift drive signal for the leveling rotor 27 (side rotor 27a and center rotor 27b) to the rotor lift motor 44. Further, this is a drive signal to a speed change actuator 83 that rotates a trunnion shaft that performs speed change of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission attached to the mission case 12.

  When the seeding end switch 16 is turned on, the control of the control device 4 controls the rotor lifting / lowering motor 44 to raise the leveling rotor 27, makes the hydraulic control sensitivity of the direct seeding device 47 by the angle-of-attack sensor 24 sensitive, and the speed change actuator Control 83 is performed to decelerate the hydraulic continuously variable transmission.

2 traveling body
16 sowing end switch
24 elevation sensor
27 leveling rotor
44 rotor lifting motor
46 lifting hydraulic cylinder
47 Seeding device 48 Seed hopper 49 Feeding roll 50 Feeding hole 51 Feeding cylinder 51bt Open end
52 seed bracket 53 discharge tube
55 center rotor
57 Brush mounting body 64 Grower for sowing
78 scraper brush
83 gearshift actuator
90 sowing cover

Claims (3)

A predetermined amount of seed is fed out through the feeding hole (50) of the feeding roll (49) provided at the bottom of the seed hopper (48), and the seed is dropped into the sowing groove in the field formed by the sowing grooving device (64). In a direct sowing machine equipped with a direct sowing device (47) for sowing ,
Straight sowing device (47) is on the upper side of the feeding tube surrounding the roll (49) feeding (51), the feeding brush attachment body provided with a scraping the outer peripheral surface leveling Sukurepaburashi (79) of the roll (49) and (57) The seed bracket (52) supporting the feeding roll (49) and the seed hopper (48),
Open end of said telescoping barrel (51) to (51Bt), as slightly below the true side of the feed roll (49), and is formed on the body front side than the center of the feeding tube (51), said feeding hole (50) The seeds falling from the inside of the discharge cylinder (53) fall vertically without being affected by the centrifugal force of the feeding roll (49) ,
A seeding cover (90) for preventing seeds falling from the discharge cylinder (53) from being affected by wind is provided on the upper side of the seeding groover (64), and the seeding groover (64) is formed. direct sowing machine, characterized in that seeding with seeding groove. The direct seeding device (47) is configured to sow in a plurality of strips, the sowing groover (64) is configured to be movable up and down, and the heel clutch that stops the sowing work on a part of the seeding strips is turned off. The direct sowing according to claim 1, characterized in that when the side marker is raised or put into a non-use state, the sowing groover (64) is lowered to increase the depth of the sowing groove. Machine. The direct sowing device (47) is provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle body (2) so as to be movable up and down, and an elevating hydraulic cylinder (46) for raising and lowering the direct sowing device (47) is provided. In addition, a center float (55) that moves up and down is provided, an elevation angle sensor (24) that detects the amount of vertical movement of the center float (55) is provided, and an elevation hydraulic cylinder (46) is based on the detection result of the elevation sensor (24). ) To expand and contract and change the sowing depth of the direct sowing device (47), and control the hydraulic pressure,
A leveling rotor (27) for leveling the unevenness of the farm scene is provided on the front side of the center float (55), a rotor lifting / lowering motor (44) for raising and lowering the leveling rotor (27) is provided, and the traveling vehicle body (2) Provided with a gear shift actuator (83) for shifting the running speed;
A seeding end switch (16) for ending the operation of the direct seeding device (47) is provided. When the seeding end switch (16) is operated, the rotor lifting / lowering motor (44) is operated to raise the leveling rotor (27). The direct sowing machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control sensitivity of the hydraulic control is made sensitive, and the traveling actuator (83) is operated to reduce the traveling speed.

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