JP5416837B2 - 有機材料層を基板上に形成する方法 - Google Patents
有機材料層を基板上に形成する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
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Description
インライン堆積システム:材料層を基板上に堆積するためのシステム。材料は、直線状の細長いインジェクタによって供給され、基板および直線状の細長いインジェクタは相対移動する。
直線状の細長いインジェクタの長手方向:基板移動方向に対してほぼ直交する方向。
直線状の細長いインジェクタの長さ:インジェクタの長手方向でのインジェクタのサイズ。
直線状の細長いインジェクタの幅:インジェクタの面内で、長手方向に対してほぼ直交する方向でのインジェクタのサイズ。
直線状の細長いインジェクタの厚さ:インジェクタの面内に対してほぼ直交する方向でのインジェクタのサイズ。
直線状の細長いインジェクタの前端および後端:基板移動方向に対してほぼ直交するインジェクタの側面。前端は、移動する基板の所定ポイントが、インジェクタ下方にある堆積ゾーンに進入する際のエッジである。後端は、移動する基板の所定ポイントが、インジェクタ下方にある堆積ゾーンを退く際のエッジである。
インジェクタの前端と後端との間の距離:インジェクタの幅。
対称インジェクタ:2つの部分が互いに同じ鏡像であるインジェクタ。対称軸は、インジェクタの長手方向に沿って配向する。
非対称インジェクタ:その長手方向に沿って、互いに同じ鏡像である2つの部分に分割できないインジェクタ。
堆積レートプロファイル:基板上の所定場所での堆積プロセス時の時間の関数としての堆積レート。典型的な堆積レートプロファイルは、立上りエッジ、最大堆積レートを持つ期間、および立下りエッジを示す。立上りエッジは、ゼロから最大値への堆積レートの増加によって特徴付けられる。立下りエッジは、最大値からゼロへの堆積レートの減少によって特徴付けられる。立上りエッジと立下りエッジとの間では、堆積レートは一定にでき、あるいは可変でもよい。対称堆積レートプロファイルは、2つの部分が同じ鏡像であるプロファイルである。例えば、対称堆積レートプロファイルでは、立下りエッジは、立上りエッジの鏡像である。非対称堆積レートプロファイルは、互いに同じ鏡像である2つの部分に分割できない堆積レートプロファイルである。
基板の所定ポイントでのインライン堆積システムのリニア堆積速度:基板速度と、基板の該ポイントで堆積した層または膜の(最終)厚さとの積。基板上の所定ポイントでのリニア堆積速度は、基板速度と、堆積全体期間に渡る堆積レートプロファイルの積分との積に等しい。それは、マイクロメータ2/sで表される。
基板上の所定ポイントでのインライン堆積システムの平均堆積レート:基板の該ポイントでの、ある期間についての堆積レートの平均。
材料利用効率:基板上に堆積した材料量(単位モル)と、ソースから蒸発した材料量(単位モル)との比率。この効率が高いほど、プロセス時に廃棄される材料は少ない。
シャワーヘッド:複数の開口またはアパーチャを備えたプレート。それを通じてキャリアガスが基板に向けて流れる。
本発明の目的は、有機層を堆積するためのより効率的な方法を提供することである。
本発明の実施形態は、これらの特定の詳細なしで実施可能であると理解すべきである。例えば、周知の方法、構造および技法は、本説明の理解を曖昧にしないために詳細には示していない。
図22(a)と図22(b)は、インラインOVPDで堆積したペンタセン薄膜をベースとした典型的なトップコンタクト型OTFTについて測定した出力カーブおよび伝達(transfer)カーブを示す。堆積レートプロファイルは、始め(立上りエッジ)での堆積レートの緩慢な増加と、終わり(立下りエッジ)での緩慢な減少とを備えた対称プロファイルであり、さらに対称なシャワーヘッドを使用し、シャワーヘッドと基板との間の距離を増加させ、堆積プロファイル(図17に示すように)を広げた。トランジスタ特性は、0Vに近いVONを示す。急峻なサブスレショルドスロープ(<0.4V/dec)および無視できるヒステリシスは、高い純度と低いトラップ密度を示す。このデバイスの飽和移動度は、1.01cm2/Vsである。
Claims (12)
- インライン堆積システムにおいて、ある層厚の有機材料層を基板上に形成する方法であって、
有機材料は、インジェクタの複数の開口を経由して所定の堆積レートプロファイルで基板上に堆積され、インジェクタは基板に対して相対移動しており、
所定の堆積レートプロファイルは、基板上に、所定の第1平均堆積レートで有機材料層の少なくとも1つの第1単分子層を堆積するために用意した所定の第1堆積レート範囲と、基板上に設けられた少なくとも1つの第1単分子層の上に、所定の第2平均堆積レートで有機材料層の少なくとも1つの第2単分子層を堆積するために用意した所定の第2堆積レート範囲とを含む、一定でない堆積レートプロファイルであり、
第1平均堆積レートは第2平均堆積レートより小さく、
インジェクタの開口を経由して基板に向かう有機材料の注入は、所定の堆積レートプロファイルを実現するために制御され、
所定の堆積レートプロファイルは、立上りエッジおよび立下りエッジを有し、立下りエッジは、立上りエッジより急峻である非対称の堆積レートプロファイルであることを特徴とする方法。 - 所定の堆積レートプロファイルは、0.1nm/s未満の所定の第1平均堆積レート、および1nm/sより大きい所定の第2平均堆積レートで特徴付けられる請求項1記載の方法。
- 有機材料を運ぶガスが、インジェクタの複数の開口を経由して供給され、
インジェクタの開口を経由した有機材料の注入は、運ぶガスのガスフローを制御することによって制御されることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の方法。 - インジェクタによる有機材料の注入を制御することは、インジェクタの複数の開口の少なくとも一部のパラメータを適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- パラメータを適合させることは、複数の開口の少なくとも一部のサイズ、形状、向き、深さ及び/又は場所を適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項4記載の方法。
- パラメータを適合させることは、複数の開口の少なくとも一部の間の距離を適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項4または5記載の方法。
- 基板に向かうガスフローを制御することは、インライン堆積システムのプロセスチャンバの配置形状パラメータを適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の方法。
- 配置形状パラメータを適合させることは、インジェクタと基板との間の距離を適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項7記載の方法。
- 配置形状パラメータを適合させることは、基板表面とインジェクタ表面との間の角度を適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項7または8記載の方法。
- 配置形状パラメータを適合させることは、ポンプポートの位置を適合させることを含むことを特徴とする請求項7〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 有機材料は、有機半導体材料であることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 有機薄膜トランジスタを形成するためのプロセスにおける、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法の使用。
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JP6061743B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-01-18 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機半導体膜の形成方法 |
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US20190386257A1 (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-19 | Universal Display Corporation | Depositor and print head for depositing a non-emissive layer of graded thickness |
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