JP5408410B2 - 電池の老化状態を求める方法 - Google Patents
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Description
I. 高い温度T及び100%までの高い充電状態SoC(欠陥モードI)又は
II.大きい充電電流Ie及び高い充電状態SoC(欠陥モードII)が、
1. 正の電極におけるO2発生、Ni(OH)2
2. 負の電極におけるH2発生、メモリ合金、
3. O2及びH2の発生(爆鳴気)
4. 高い自己放電
を生じる。
これにより電池1に次の非可逆現象が生じることがある。
負の電極の酸化、
隔離板の酸化、
安全弁が開く場合、乾燥(H2O損失)、容量損失、
内部抵抗の増大、
熱損傷、
爆発
更に続いて次の可逆現象が生じることがある。
容量損失、
充電効率が低下する。
III.高い温度T及び80%以下の充電状態SoC(欠陥モードIII)が
1. 充電終了(電圧隆起)と低い充電状態SoCとの相関、
2. 自己放電
を生じる。
これにより次の可逆欠陥が生じることがある。
利用可能な容量が低下する、
充電効率が低下する。
IV.低い温度T及び電池の適度な負荷(欠陥モードIV)が
1. 負の電極の貯蔵合金の強い阻止(運動が強く阻止される)
2. 電極/電解質/隔離板の相限界における分極
これにより次の可逆欠陥が生じることがある。
充/放電が困難である。
V. 低い温度T及び大きい電流(欠陥モードV)が
1.貯蔵金属基質の損傷
これにより次の非可逆及び可逆損傷が生じることがある。
利用可能な容量が低下する、
平衡再結合サイクルが乱される、
正の電極におけるO2発生。
VI.過大な電流(欠陥モードVI)が
1. 分極
2. 出力損失
を生じる。
これにより次の非可逆及び可逆欠陥が生じる。
電極の格子構造の損傷、
セルの加熱(可逆及び非可逆)、
セルの内部及び外部の接続片の損傷。
VII.非常に低い充電状態SoC(欠陥モードVII)又は
VIII.大きい放電電流及び低い充電状態SoC(欠陥モードVIII)が、
1. 全放電
2. 過放電
を生じる。
これにより次の非可逆及び可逆欠陥が生じる。
短い全放電で可逆損傷、
長い全放電で正の電極の導電基質の損傷(非可逆損傷)、
短い極性反転(可逆)、
長い極性反転(非可逆)、
過熱の危険、
爆鳴気発生、
安全弁の動作。
IX.部材の公差が
1. 直列回路の電池の個別セルの充電状態SoCの分散、
これにより次の非可逆及び可逆欠陥が生じる。
短い全放電では可逆損傷、
長い全放電では正の電極の導電基質の損傷(非可逆損傷)、
短い極性反転(可逆)、
長い極性反転(非可逆)、
過熱の危険、
爆鳴気発生、
安全弁の動作、
個別セルは、充電過程において100%の充電状態SoCを超過すること がある。
充電変換中の最大充電電流、
充電変換中の平均充電電流、
充電変換の時間範囲、
温度に関係する最大充電電流。
放電変換中の最大放電電流、
放電変換中の平均放電電流、
放電変換の時間範囲、
温度に関係する最大放電電流。
ウエイクアップモードにおける平均値からのモジュール電圧の偏差、
充電の際平均値からのモジュール電圧の偏差、
放電の際平均値からのモジュール電圧の偏差。
1.完全な動作能力、
2.次の保守の際電池1の検査を推奨する、
3.保守を行う、
4.起こり得る故障。
3 発電機
4 制御装置
5.1〜5.n パラメータ
6.1 ハイブリッド制御装置
6.2 送風機制御装置
SoC 充電状態
SoH 老化状態
SoF 動作能力
T 温度
CN 定格容量
X1〜Xn パラメータクラス
Y1〜Ym パラメータクラス
W 重み付け係数
Z 状態カウンタ
Claims (8)
- 電池(1,2)の老化状態(SoH)を求める方法であって、電池(1,2)の複数のパラメータ(5.1〜5.n)が検出され又は求められ、パラメータ(5.1〜5.n)のうちそれぞれ2つが、パラメータ対(5.1〜5.n,5.1〜5.n)として規定され、かつ互いに関係づけられて、それぞれのパラメータ(5.1〜5.n)の基礎になっているパラメータ範囲、及びその結果として生じる規定されたパラメータ対(5.1〜5.n,5.1〜5.n)の値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym)が、分類されて重み付けされるものにおいて、所定の値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym)に対応する現在の実際値が存在すると、関係する値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym)に割当てられる状態カウンタ(Z(X1,Y1)〜Z(Xn,Ym))のカウントが高められ、重み付け係数(W(X1,Y1)〜W(Xn,Ym))及び状態カウンタ(ZX1,Y1)〜Z(Xn、Ym))のカウントにより、パラメータ対(5.1〜5.n,5.1〜5.n)のすべての値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym))に対して個々の老化係数(AF)が求められ、大きい重み付け係数(W(X1,Y1)〜W(Xn,Ym))を持つ値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym)が、電池(1,2)の寿命に影響を及ぼすデータとして分類され、小さい重み付け係数(W(X1,Y1)〜W(Xn,Ym))を持つ値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym)が、機能にとって重要なデータとして分類されることを特徴とする、方法。
- 各パラメータ(5.1〜5.n)が分類されて、そのパラメータ範囲が所定の数のクラス(X1〜Xn,Y1|Yn)に区分されるようにしている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 各値対(X1,Y1〜Xn,Ym)に、クラスに関係して重み付け係数(W(X1,Y1)〜W(Xn,Ym))が割当てられることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- パラメータ対(5.1〜5.n,5.1〜5.n)のそれぞれの老化係数(AF)が重み付けされる、請求項1〜3の1つに記載の方法。
- すべてのパラメータ対(5.1〜5.n,5.1〜5.n)の重み付けされる老化係数(AF)の和により、電池(1,2)の全老化係数(gAF)が求められる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 個々の老化係数(AF)及び/又は全老化係数(gAF)が、電池(1,2)の老化状態(SoH)を求める際考慮される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 電池(1,2)の動作能力(SoF)を求める際、老化状態(SoH)が考慮される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 老化状態(SoH)、充電状態(SoC)及び/又は動作能力(SoF)が制御装置(4)へ供給される、請求項7に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102005052862 | 2005-10-28 | ||
DE102005052862.7 | 2005-10-28 | ||
PCT/DE2006/000847 WO2007048367A1 (de) | 2005-10-28 | 2006-05-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung eines alterungszustands einer batterie |
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JP2009513991A JP2009513991A (ja) | 2009-04-02 |
JP5408410B2 true JP5408410B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20080231284A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1941289B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5408410B2 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE112006002500A5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007048367A1 (ja) |
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JP5076835B2 (ja) | 2007-11-26 | 2012-11-21 | 株式会社ニプロン | 二次電池の劣化状態判定システム |
US8255176B2 (en) | 2008-08-07 | 2012-08-28 | Research In Motion Limited | Systems and methods for monitoring deterioration of a rechargeable battery |
US8108160B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2012-01-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and system for determining a state of charge of a battery |
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JP5010657B2 (ja) | 2009-09-18 | 2012-08-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 電池システム |
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US9753093B2 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2017-09-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle and method of diagnosing battery condition of same |
DE102010038646A1 (de) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Abschätzen der Leistungsfähigkeit mindestens einer Batterieeinheit einer wiederaufladbaren Batterie |
DE102010048187B4 (de) * | 2010-10-13 | 2020-08-13 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen der maximal verfügbaren Kapazität einer Batterie |
FR2967786B1 (fr) * | 2010-11-19 | 2013-12-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de diagnostic d'une batterie de traction pour un vehicule hybride ou electrique |
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JP2002236154A (ja) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-23 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 電池の残容量補正方法 |
JP2004014205A (ja) * | 2002-06-05 | 2004-01-15 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 電池異常劣化検出装置 |
JP4044429B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2008-02-06 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 二次電池の残寿命推定装置及びその残寿命推定方法 |
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- 2006-05-17 WO PCT/DE2006/000847 patent/WO2007048367A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-05-17 EP EP06742355A patent/EP1941289B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2006-05-17 DE DE502006008573T patent/DE502006008573D1/de active Active
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JP2009513991A (ja) | 2009-04-02 |
EP1941289B1 (de) | 2010-12-22 |
DE502006008573D1 (de) | 2011-02-03 |
US20080231284A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
WO2007048367A1 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
EP1941289A1 (de) | 2008-07-09 |
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