JP5391499B2 - Heat exchanger type heat storage system - Google Patents

Description

The technical field to which the technology of the present invention is applied is a field related to a new equipment system for the next generation aiming at effective use of thermal energy in the field of general air conditioning equipment and hot water supply equipment for consumer use, particularly home use and business use. is there. In this consumer field, a wide variety of devices and systems are still in practical use. Examples include air-conditioning equipment and refrigeration equipment and hot water supply equipment that use power-driven refrigeration cycles, heating equipment and hot water supply equipment and combustion equipment that use gas oil as a heat source, and generators that use gas oil as power drive fuel. And air conditioning equipment, hot water supply equipment using solar heat as a heat source, and the like. Particularly, in recent years, in order to emphasize energy saving or the global environment, studies on new technologies, devices, and systems for improving energy efficiency of devices and utilizing natural energy have been energetically promoted in various fields. In addition, due to the characteristics of social infrastructure for energy supply, technologies and new equipment for using nighttime power while suppressing the use of daytime power have been developed and put into practical use.

The energy used in these systems is such as commercial power, oil, gasoline, etc., from high-density, easy-to-use energy that can be obtained anywhere as social infrastructure at any time, for example, late-night power supplied at low prices only in the middle of the night, sunny daytime The energy concentration and temperature are limited only for a limited time period, such as the supplied solar power, solar heat, and exhaust heat from various cogeneration systems configured mainly for regional power generation. There is a gradual change toward the use of various types of energy, mainly exhaust heat, that is not standardized.

One of the key technologies for further developing such a dynamic and realizing system equipment useful in various aspects is related to the heat storage system. This is because the supply energy, which deviates from the demand side in terms of time and concentration, is temporarily stored in heat energy, and can be positioned as one that can supply heat energy at the density you want to use. It can be said that it is one key technology that supports the changes in the world.

One of the most practical technologies in this field is a heat pump water heater, which is a highly energy efficient system that uses hot midnight power to store hot water and store it at any time. In this case, the average annual tap water of about 25 ° C. is heated to about 80 ° C., stored in a hot water tank, and used when necessary. In this case, the amount of heat stored in hot water is becoming widespread in homes, stores and the like because the temperature difference is as high as 80 ° C. and 25 ° C., ie 55 ° C., so that the capacity of the hot water tank for storing hot water is small. For example, in a general household, a hot water tank of about 400 liters is installed in a housing of about 1000 liters, so the exclusive area of the bottom surface of the heat storage tank is about 0.5 square meters, and there are many possible areas in terms of installation space. Because there is.

However, in the case of urban houses, condominiums, apartments, etc., and there is no space around small shops in commercial areas, or the cost of securing space is extremely expensive, so there is a problem in expanding the spread on a nationwide scale. It has become.
On the other hand, when storing hot / cold water for air conditioning rather than hot water supply, for example, in the case of heating, a high temperature of about 45 ° C. is required even at the return temperature after heating the hot water in order to exert its heating effect. Therefore, the temperature difference of the hot water storage is 80 ° C. and 45 ° C., that is, 35 ° C., which is almost half compared with 55 ° C. in the case of the hot water supply described above. This means that a hot water tank capacity of nearly double is required to store the same amount of heat. In the case of cooling, the temperature difference between the chilled water is about 10 ° C., which is the temperature difference between 8 ° C. and 18 ° C., and a chilled water tank having a capacity of about 5.5 times the hot water supply is required if the required heat quantity is the same.

Moreover, in a system that can supply hot water and air conditioning in a comprehensive manner, the hot / cold water tank capacity, which is a combination of both, is about 5 to 8 times that of hot water supply alone, and is almost practical in view of local installation space and price constraints. It can be said that there is no sex.
In other words, it can be said that the biggest problem in the current heat storage device for consumer equipment is how to realize a compact heat storage system with good heat storage performance. If the current heat storage amount for hot water hot water can be doubled per volume, it is considered that the door can be opened for practical use of an air conditioning hot water supply system using a heat storage system. Furthermore, if both the heat pump using midnight power and solar heat during the day are stored well, the practical use of a low operating running cost method with low primary energy consumption for ordinary household morning and evening heating and evening hot water supply will be significant. It is thought that progress can be made.

  In addition to downsizing as described above, the technical field required for heat storage systems in the energy equipment field is a system that can minimize heat loss from the heat storage tank to the atmosphere, and can be used optimally by controlling many types of heat sources. There are major issues such as cooperation with heat storage systems, heat pump heat source units, cooperation with solar photovoltaic power generation, cooperation with air conditioning systems that can realize both air conditioning and heating, and local installation workability. Key. Furthermore, in order to develop and expand the spread of such devices, it is necessary to realize a simplified system, constituent units and parts for realizing cost reduction after clearing the above problems. In the present invention proposal, items in a range necessary for establishment of the heat storage system will be described.

First, as a top priority issue, the heat storage system is made more compact. There are many factors in this regard, and when enumerating one by one, it is possible to set the heat storage temperature by using a latent heat storage material that uses a phase change between liquid and solid, abbreviated as PCM, to increase the volume filling efficiency of PCM. Reduces the space required for heat insulation by realizing low-temperature thermal storage and high-temperature cold storage without leaving the normal ambient air temperature, and a container that ensures pressure resistance by bringing the pressure in the thermal storage tank close to atmospheric pressure It is necessary to consider technical items such as reducing the volume increase of the structure and reducing the space used for the heat insulation structure with the outside air. These factors will be explored below.

The second goal following downsizing is to reduce losses due to heat leaks from the heat storage system. As a technology for this purpose, as described above, using the latent heat storage material, the heat storage temperature is lowered in the case of thermal storage, and in the case of cold storage, it is increased to approach the outside air temperature, the outer surface area of the heat storage container is reduced, and the heat storage Technical items such as improving the heat insulation characteristics of the outer periphery of the container can be raised.

The third study target is optimization of a method for circulating or flowing a working fluid such as water or a refrigerant with a working pump. Ideally, operating pumps and the like will be abolished as much as possible, and reduction of motor power to drive them, improvement of long-term use quality, and reduction of initial cost are important viewpoints.

  The fourth study target is a heat storage system that can handle many types of energy heat sources, while the realization of a versatile and highly efficient heat storage system that can meet a wide range of heat supply needs, such as hot water supply and cooling and heating.

The fifth goal is to see how the system using heat storage containers can be made energy efficient from the viewpoint of the global environment and from the viewpoint of running costs, and a heat storage system that can respond to this point. Realization of is a big goal.

The sixth goal is to ensure long-term reliability and safety. In particular, the long-term reliability of the pump for circulating the working fluid and medium is one of the key elements for improving the reliability of the entire system. Further, in the case of a heat storage material deterioration and a latent heat storage material, repeated geometric distortion due to a phase change involves a risk of deforming or damaging a strong metallic heat exchanger or container. This is one of the major issues that should be addressed regarding the human safety and environmental safety of the working refrigerant used in the equipment. In particular, the point is the transition from an alternative refrigerant that currently contains Freon to a natural refrigerant that does not contain it.

The seventh consideration is that the various problems outlined above and the cost when the heat storage system that has achieved the target is realized as an actual device become expensive, making it difficult to spread practically. In this respect, it is important that the overall system configuration, structure, and materials are simple and low-cost.

Although the seven goals have been described from a technical point of view, many related technical studies and development studies have been conducted on these items. For example, Patent Document 1 is an invention relating to the realization of a compact heat storage system that efficiently stores heat using a fin tube heat exchanger. Patent Document 2 is also an invention aiming at a highly efficient and compact system using two heat storage tanks having different temperatures. Patent Document 3 proposes a heat storage system that is compact and can be used annually by using a common latent heat storage material for cooling and heating. Patent Document 4 is an invention that improves the thermal characteristics of paraffin as a latent heat storage material.

Patent Document 5 discloses a technique for improving the heat storage efficiency by communicating a latent heat storage material capsule and a separately installed heat exchanger and repeatedly circulating a heat medium. Patent Document 6 states that the amount of heat collected in the solar cell and the solar heat collector is stored, and the solar cell can be cooled and hot water supplied in a compact heat storage tank using a heat pump. Patent Document 7 discloses a panel block-shaped heat storage body, which is a system for storing solar heat and efficiently supplying hot water. Patent Document 8 proposes an invention in which a plurality of cold heat storage material containers and warm heat storage material containers are installed together and an output medium is connected to a separate heat pump output heat exchanger to perform comfortable cooling and heating. Patent Document 9 proposes a method in which a heat exchanger for heat medium is installed in the heat storage material to improve the filling rate of the heat storage material and make it compact.

Patent Document 10 proposes various energy utilization systems using a hot water tank system provided with heating means such as a heat pump and various other heat sources. Patent Document 11 proposes a technique for providing a heat storage can body with a plurality of output-side heat exchangers for use in high-pressure hot water supply and other needs. Patent Document 12 presents a high-efficiency hot water supply apparatus that does not require a pump by heat storage means that includes a plurality of heat storage materials having different melting points as a heat pump output heat exchanger. Patent Document 13 proposes a device in which a refrigerant pipe is installed in a heat storage material container whose upper part is opened and phase change distortion of the heat storage material is opened to the upper part.

As mentioned above, patent documents have been presented as part of the background art. It shows that most of the contents of the seven technological development target issues mentioned above are being studied. However, the following three aspects can be seen as the current situation of the background art of the technical field to be presented in the present invention.
Solutions and technologies for each of the above seven target issues are still insufficiently studied.
Most of the techniques for solving the problems described in each patent document are related to one or two of the seven target problems shown above, and the entire seven target problems can be coordinated as a system. The technology is insufficient.
Therefore, many improvement problems remain technically as a system, and it is considered that this is why the practical use and commercialization of the system related to this system do not progress widely.

Therefore, in the present invention, midnight power supplied at a low price only in the middle of the night, solar power generated only during clear daytime, solar heat, exhaust heat from various cogeneration systems mainly composed of regional power generation, etc. are stored. In order to effectively and practically use them, the above-mentioned seven improvement techniques for each problem will be clearly presented, and a consistent solution technique will be presented for the seven problems as a whole.
Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 05-5582 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-196379 JP 05-196267 A JP 05-163485 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-3078 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-234020 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-19074 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-89731 JP 10-47712 A JP 2002-22270 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-111050 JP 2005-326078 A JP 2005-337664 A

It is difficult to use because it is not standardized, such as late-night power supplied at a reasonable price only in the middle of the night, solar power and solar heat supplied only during clear daytime, and exhaust heat from various cogeneration systems mainly composed of regional power generation. The goal is to establish a wide range of systems that can store and use low-density energy appropriately, and the technical issues for that purpose are as follows.

First, regarding the downsizing of the heat storage system listed as the top priority, there are the above-mentioned items to be studied, but the goal of the problem should be to halve the volume of the heat storage devices currently on the market. For example, the standard volume of a heat storage tank currently used for a midnight power heat pump water heater for home use is a net of 400 liters. However, when a cylindrical high-pressure tap water container is accommodated and the outer periphery thereof is insulated to accommodate piping and the like, the actual size of the rectangular heat storage tank housing that accommodates it is 1000 liters or more. Therefore, not only for home use, but also for reducing the total volume of the heat storage housing that is actually attached to the site as well as the net volume of the heat storage container. The goal of halving is a numerical target set as an immediate goal after considering both space constraints and weight constraints when installed in buildings such as apartments and stores. In the present invention, the heat storage material container is not a high pressure type, and aims to realize a system having an internal pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure.

It is estimated that the marginal penetration rate of the above-mentioned household products related to heat storage when the volume of the heat storage container is halved may be doubled due to the effect of reducing the installation space constraint. Still, it is the limit penetration rate that is expected to be around 50%. The same trend is presumed for business use.
The second goal was to reduce losses due to heat leaks from the heat storage system. The heat loss in the above-mentioned domestic hot water storage tank reaches 5 to 10% of the total heat storage amount on an annual average. In order to improve this, the heat storage temperature, the external surface area of the heat storage tank, the heat insulation characteristics, and other factors have been mentioned earlier.

It is the problem of the working pump that circulates working fluid such as water and refrigerant, which was raised as the third study target. The working pump is a problem of reduction of motor power, improvement of long-term use quality, and reduction of initial cost, and the study of the system of the present invention aimed to realize a system with a small number of working pumps used. This is because there is no solution beyond the elimination of the working pump itself in order to improve the above three elements of the pump.

  The fourth study target is to realize a versatile and efficient heat storage system that can respond to various energy heat sources and can meet a wide range of heat supply needs such as hot water supply and air conditioning. It aims to realize not only efficiency but also a system configuration that can be optimized and controlled according to user needs.

The fifth goal is how to realize a consumer energy system with high energy utilization efficiency from the viewpoint of the global environment and the running cost by using a heat storage system. The challenge was to realize an advanced heat storage system using natural energy that could be put into practical use in combination with a heat pump system using midnight power, photovoltaic power generation and solar heat, exhaust heat from various cogeneration equipment, etc. as the energy source mentioned above. .

The sixth goal is to ensure safety and long-term reliability. For this purpose, it was necessary to realize intrinsic reliability, such as a structural mechanism that can absorb the geometric distortion caused by the phase change of the latent heat storage material and the safety represented by the selection of the working medium, including not using the pump as much as possible. .

For cost reduction, which is the seventh study target, the use of low-cost materials with a simple system configuration, structure, and materials is an issue.

Claims 1 to 3 presented the basic configuration of the heat exchanger type heat storage system of the present invention. The heat storage material is installed or enclosed in the heat storage container of the system at a pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure without entering / exiting the outside of the container or flowing, and therefore a mechanism such as a pump for flowing the heat storage material is unnecessary. . Heat can be transferred to the heat storage material through a heat medium heat exchanger in the container, and heat exchange between the heat source medium and the heat output medium can also be performed in the heat exchanger.
Of course, the heat storage material referred to in the present invention refers to the entire material capable of storing heat including the latent heat storage material.

This basic configuration is indispensable for realizing the functions of many characteristics that will be described in detail later.
Since the heat storage material is separated from the heat source medium and the heat output medium, there are few restrictions on the selection thereof, and almost any kind of heat storage material can be used regardless of the solid liquid.
On the other hand, there are few restrictions on the selection of the heat source medium and the heat output medium in this heat storage system, and a heat medium heat exchanger such as a flon refrigerant, water, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, antifreeze, emulsion fluid, slurry liquid containing small capsules, etc. As long as it can flow in the circulation line, there are few restrictions such as pressure state and chemical characteristics.
The number of media that can handle the heat source medium and the heat output medium together in the same heat storage system is basically not limited, and can actually handle 6 to 7 types.

As the most basic example, when a heat source medium is used as a heat pump unit refrigerant and a heat output medium is used in a so-called heat pump water heater in which hot water supply tap water is selected, a very simple system that does not require a pump for both media can be configured. The fact that the heat storage tank volume can be halved will be described later.
Since each of the heat source medium and the heat output medium can exchange heat with the heat storage material by utilizing the entire heat medium heat exchanger, high heat transfer characteristics can be obtained both when the heat is stored and when the stored heat is received.
In addition, when the amount of heat stored in the heat storage material is exhausted, the heat output medium can receive heat directly from the heat source medium. This effect, which is extremely important in actual machines, can be secured without the need for other heat exchangers.

(7) Since the heat source medium and the heat output medium are sealed and separated, there is a high degree of freedom in the installation environment of the heat storage material. Therefore, in this case, the heat storage material space is set to an atmospheric pressure state, and this can be easily realized by sealing the upper space of the heat storage container with the outside atmosphere with a soft film. This presupposes that it is easy to realize effects such as simplification of the structure of the container, freedom of shape, low strength structure, etc., and as it is dictated, it produces great effects in reducing the overall volume, heat loss and product cost Become.
As described above, the effects of the heat exchanger type heat storage system according to claims 1 to 3 and 5 for solving the problems of the entire system are great, and this is a technology that is a major premise of the present invention and is a constituent requirement.

When all of these effective items were folded, according to a trial calculation, the effect of reducing the total volume of the heat storage tank was calculated to be about 60%. That is, the volume was calculated to be about 40%. This effect leads to a reduction in system costs, a reduction in equipment transportation costs to the site, and a reduction in local installation costs. This cost reduction increases material costs by using latent heat storage materials instead of water. The final important criterion is whether or not it can be offset, and the detailed design has not been completed, but the latent heat storage material and heat medium heat exchanger are installed in comparison with the hot water storage tank system with tap water pressure. The storage case of the latent heat storage system used is expected to be almost equivalent.

In the case of a conventional tap water heater, the heat storage container uses a cylindrical pressure resistant stainless steel container. Claim 2 realizes downsizing, cost reduction, manufacturing improvement, and improvement of on-site workability. A thin polymer resin material film is formed into a bag shape and finally sticks to the inner surface of the housing after the construction is completed. This is a structure in which the container is configured and the heat storage material and the heat medium heat exchanger are accommodated inside. When the pressure-resistant structure container is used by using a thin film, the container volume does not take up space and the housing volume can be minimized because the heat storage system is based on claim 1. The bag-like container of the film when taking a method of placing a heat storage material block from the front when the current earth assembled those made sufficiently large dimensions keep down shear to the bottom plate position to a front-side intermediate position, heat storage It is possible to easily incorporate the material from the front. The film bag completes its final shape as a container by attaching it to the upper position again after completing the installation of the heat storage material to form a bag and then attaching the front plate of the housing.

The third aspect of the present invention is an alternative container, which is composed of a resin container divided into a main body side and a front cover or an upper cover. Let Of course it is not necessary is resistant container can be such a shape or is that combined a shape that matches perfectly to the inner surface of a thin and regenerator housing except watertight sealing portion, against claim 7 also impact on the increase of the housing volume is not small.

  A ninth aspect of the present invention relates to a latent heat storage material, and is an invention of a method for storing in a container on the spot using a block shape of a material that matches the melting temperature selection criteria by the method described above in the case of thermal heat storage. In the case of a heat storage material other than a liquid heat storage material as well as a latent heat storage material, it is not easy to store it in a container. Its weight is more than 200 kilograms even in a small system for home use, and it is difficult to transport what is integrated in the factory to the local area, which is often a small space. Therefore, it is necessary to assemble a small block into a container on site. According to the second and fourth aspects of the present invention, the heat medium heat exchanger is bent in a meandering manner and stored in a container. A large number of latent heat storage material blocks packed with the resin film or the like are inserted into the gaps formed there. The block has a shape that matches the gap between the heat exchangers, and the gap between the block after insertion and the heat exchanger has a shape that is reliably secured.

The filler always fills the space between the outer surface of the heat exchanger and the outer surface of the block without any gap to enhance mutual heat transfer. At the same time, when the heat storage block material melts and expands, the filler is pushed away and the liquid surface in the container rises to absorb the expansion, and when the heat storage block cools and solidifies and shrinks, this is reduced. Absorb. The liquid filler for performing this function must always be liquid in the range of the operating temperature range, and in order to always exist as a liquid, it is desirable that the freezing point is 0 degree or less.

In addition, liquids that have a specific gravity of 30% or more different from the latent heat storage material will cause misalignment due to the difference in buoyancy due to long-term use, and measures such as blocking and fixing the latent heat storage material are necessary to prevent this. is necessary. Care should be taken with smaller capsules. In consideration of these points, considering the specific gravity of the latent heat storage material, it is selected from water, a calcium chloride aqueous solution, an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, or a liquid such as a low melting temperature paraffin. In order to prevent this liquid from evaporating and splashing outside during a long period of use, it is necessary to seal the sealed container or to refill it when the volume is reduced. It is difficult to carry out replenishment reliably in view of the actual situation, and it is practical to seal the container. For that purpose, the upper part of the container is made of a flexible film to be sealed and the inside is at atmospheric pressure. The method is specific.

There are many sites that use large amounts of tap water, such as office buildings, but do not require hot water supply, and only require cooling operation for many hours. In the case of the site, as mentioned above, use of a large amount of tap water at about 25 ° C to cool the heat storage material and store it at about 30 ° C will help to improve the performance and energy efficiency of the subsequent cooling operation. I can do it. In such sites, not only water-washing fleas but also tap water or treated water for toilet drainage can be used. Not only office buildings but also places where people with high cooling loads gather throughout the year such as restaurants An example of a site. In particular, there is a great effect in using air conditioning even in the intermediate period.

The technology for storing cold heat using the tap water is presented in claims 1 and 4 . When the temperature of the tap water supplied to the entire building is assumed to be about 25 ° C in winter and 15 ° C in summer, a heat exchanger type heat storage system of a latent heat storage material having a melting temperature of 5 ° C higher by 5 ° C is set. Before using all the tap water, the heat storage system is connected to solidify the latent heat storage material with the cold heat of the tap water to store the cold heat. On the other hand, when the heat pump unit cools the inside of the building and radiates the exhaust heat to the atmosphere, the heat radiation condensation temperature is normally about 50 ° C., assuming that the air temperature is about 35 ° C. However, if the heat is radiated to the atmosphere and then communicated with the heat exchanger type heat storage system and cooled with a heat storage material at 30 ° C., the heat radiation condensation temperature at that time can be lowered to about 40 ° C. Cooling, that is, cooling capacity can be increased. As a result, it is estimated that the cooling capacity of the heat pump unit is increased, the amount of power consumption as the power is reduced, and the energy efficiency as the ratio can be improved by about 20 to 30%. There are many sites to which the present invention can be applied both in Japan and overseas, and the scale that will become the market for this product system is extremely large, and the effect of reducing power consumption peak and power consumption peak in the global summer is great.

If the site has few chances of cooling operation and heating operation such as heating and hot water is the main, the setting is opposite to the cooling main case of claims 1 and 4 , but the same effect is possible. . In this case, in the case of cooling, a system in which the melting temperature of the latent heat storage material set to 30 ° C. is set to about 10 ° C. in this case is used. The latent heat storage material is melted and stored at 10 ° C. using the heat of tap water of about 15 ° C. used in the building, and this 10 ° C. is used when the heat pump unit performs heating or hot water supply operation. This heat is used as a heat source. In this way, even when the atmosphere falls below zero degrees, a high-efficiency heat pump operation is possible using a 10 ° C. heat source. Moreover, if the latent heat storage material is set at around 10 ° C., problems such as freezing of tap water due to this operation can be avoided. In any case, these effects can be realized by a heat exchanger type heat storage tank in which a latent heat storage material and a plurality of medium circulation pipes are independently integrated.

As described above, heat exchanger type heat storage systems are identified and widely used with the goal of establishing a wide range of consumer systems that can store and efficiently use low-density energy that is difficult to use. We think that we have been able to present solutions for many technical items that are necessary for use in Japan. Specifically, these technologies can be expected to have many direct effects and derivative effects for solving the following first problems. As the first problem, the compactness of the heat storage tank according to claim 1, 50% less volume compared to the case of storing heat tap water for took hot water supply of for example pressure by technique provides suggestions to 3,4,5 Is calculated to be possible. The main factors are 30% of the effect of using a latent heat storage material and the filling rate of 90%, 18% of the effect of making the heat storage container into a thin cube, 8% of the effect of adopting the vacuum insulation material, and 10% of other effects. It is estimated. The main goal of eliminating local installation space constraints was almost achieved. Regarding the heat loss reduction from the heat storage tank which is the second problem, the effect of reducing the surface area by half the volume of the heat storage tank itself is 30%, and the effect of lowering the heat storage temperature by 30 ° C. as presented in claim 5 is 40. % And the effect of the vacuum heat insulating material is expected to be a heat loss reduction effect of about 5% to 8% and a total of about 60% or more.

With regard to the goal of suppressing the use of the third heat transfer medium, especially the water delivery pump, we have achieved sufficient results because we were able to configure various systems that fully utilize the heat pump refrigeration cycle.
As for the fourth problem, it is considered that the technology shown in claims 1 and 4 was able to realize a system with a very wide range and a high degree of freedom for the processing of a large number of heat sources and the realization of a large number of heat outputs.

Implementation of the fifth for the improvement of a system energy efficiency target believes techniques presented in claim 1 and 4 has achieved significant effects, for example, solar cogeneration Ray Deployment apparatus is a natural energy sunlight As the power generation and heat are taken out to the hybrid, the solar energy recovery rate will achieve a breakthrough result exceeding 30%. Regarding the 6th and 7th goals, ensuring the system reliability and achieving sufficient cost reduction, the contents of the technical items shown in all claims greatly contribute to the establishment of a simple system with few parts as a whole. I think I was able to present it in half.

The overall goal is `` standardized, such as late-night power supplied at a reasonable price only in the middle of the night, solar power and solar heat supplied only in the daytime in fine weather, and exhaust heat from various cogeneration systems mainly composed of regional power generation. Presenting various core technologies necessary to achieve the goal of “establishing a wide range of consumer systems that can store and appropriately use low-density energy that is difficult to use because it is difficult to use” In particular, we have identified a core system called a heat exchanger type heat storage system for practical use of the system, and have clarified many technical fields regarding its application methods.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a heat medium heat exchanger 21 for hot water supply used in a heat exchanger type heat storage system for heating tap water to supply hot water. An aluminum flat multi-hole pipe 1 having twenty holes 4 used for a circulation pipe has a four-hole circulation pipe as a heat output medium as indicated by arrows 6. As shown by the arrow 5, propane gas, which is a refrigeration cycle refrigerant of the heat pump unit, flows through another circulation line composed of the other three holes as indicated by the arrow 5. The remaining 13 holes are 6 holes at both ends of the multi-hole pipe, and one hole is placed in the center, which is not used for the circulation pipe, but secures an expanded area for heat transfer with the heat storage material. doing. A flat multi-hole pipe 1 and a circulation pipe connection pipe 3 having different cross-sectional shapes are connected by brazing and joining with an aluminum circulation pipe connection pipe flare 2. The heat exchanger and the paraffin which is a latent heat storage material are accommodated to constitute a heat exchanger type heat storage system 16. Although not shown here, there is a conceivable piping layout method in which the arrangement of the holes in the circulation pipe is arranged every other hole in order to improve the heat transfer characteristics between propane gas and tap water. In this case, the shape of the circulation pipe connecting pipe flare 2 and the like is complicated and becomes a multi-branch pipe, which increases the possibility of cost increase and brazing leakage failure.

As indicated by arrows 5 and 6, both media are allowed to flow in an alternating current, and the refrigeration cycle refrigerant can take a lot of superheat at the outlet to facilitate cycle control.
Since both media flow together in one flat multi-hole tube 1, heat transfer between them is excellent, and the outer surface of the flat multi-hole tube has a large area. The heat transfer characteristics between the latent heat storage material 7 installed adjacent to the outside of the medium and both media are also excellent. The thickness of the flat multi-hole tube is made as thin as possible to make it easy to be meandered, and the volume of the heat storage material in the heat storage container is set to 90% or more by increasing the storage capacity of the latent heat storage material 7 ing. Therefore, the flat plate thickness of the flat tube is 7 mm, the meandering pitch 18 for setting the volume ratio to 90% is 73 mm, and the thickness of the heat storage material block inserted therein is 64 mm. The 64 mm dimension is close to the maximum dimension in view of the internal heat transfer characteristics of the heat storage material. If it is thicker than this, the time constant until the central portion of the heat storage material block participates in heat storage and heat dissipation becomes large and waste due to heat transfer resistance must be avoided.

The hole pitch dimension 19 of the flat multi-hole tube is 10 mm, and the outer width of the flat multi-hole pipe is 200 mm because of 20 holes. As shown in claim 6, the internal dimensions in the depth direction of the heat storage containers 20 are 400 mm, which is twice 200 mm when the two rows are arranged, and become 405 mm with a gap of 5 mm. Of course, in this case, the two rows may be integrated with an aluminum extruded flat multi-hole tube, but in that case, it becomes a 40-hole flat tube, and only 7 holes in the center or 14 holes are used for reciprocation. Or a pair of circulation pipes may be arranged in 28 positions out of 40 holes, and four pairs of circulation pipes may be arranged in alternate positions. Assuming that corrosive tap water and the like are connected to the inside of the flat multi-hole pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 3, aluminum alloy component adjustment, oxide film treatment, plating treatment, etc. are performed as necessary to prevent corrosion. It has been given. There is also a method of inserting a copper pipe to further improve the material reliability. However, in the case of ordinary tap water, if the flow rate is suppressed, it is possible to omit the surface treatment only by using a highly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy or the like.

FIG. 2 shows a heat medium heat exchanger using a flat multi-hole tube having a larger number of holes than that of FIG. 1 and having a large number of medium circulation lines. As in the case of FIG. 1, an extruded product of aluminum is used, but as described above, it may be a roll bond or may be an aluminum flat plate that is brazed and brazed. It uses an aluminum extruded multi-hole tube with stable manufacturing quality. The medium communicated with the heat exchanger in FIG. 2 is, for example, a refrigeration cycle refrigerant of a heat pump unit or an antifreeze liquid that transports exhaust heat of a cogeneration device as a heat source medium, and tap water or air conditioning for hot water supply as a heat output medium. There are anti-freezing liquid or carbon dioxide, which is a hot / cold heat medium for heating, and heat pump refrigerant that uses hot water or heat storage of a reheating additional cooking bath as a heat source.

Many other types of heat medium can be communicated, but the figure is not shown here. The five circulation pipes are alternately arranged adjacent to each other so that heat transfer between the heat source medium and the heat output medium can be performed efficiently. This heat exchanger is entirely formed in a meandering shape, and when the flat multi-hole tube has a width dimension of 200 mm, the heat storage containers having a depth dimension of 400 mm are arranged in two rows in the depth direction. Of course, in the case of a flat multi-hole tube having a width of 400 mm, one row may be arranged. In this case, the five circulation pipes are arranged by selecting an appropriate hole position and the number of holes. Needless to say, the multi-hole tube made of aluminum is optimally set by adjusting the material, dimensions, thickness, detailed shape, etc. according to the working pressure, flow velocity, working temperature, fluid component, etc. of the medium.

A heat storage system using such a heat medium heat exchanger 21 is the heat exchanger type heat storage system 16 of the present invention, and an example thereof is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows only the heat storage container 20 and its main part, omitting the heat storage tank housing, the heat insulating panel and other small auxiliary parts. This is an example of a domestic hot water supply system using a single heat source medium using a heat pump unit. In the case of inserting the heat storage material block from the front, the internal dimensions of the heat storage container are 600 mm wide, 405 mm deep, 1700 mm high, made of polypropylene resin, and the container front surface 12 can be removed and sealed in a watertight manner with screws. It attaches to the container main body 10 as follows. Although not shown in the drawings, a vacuum heat insulation panel and an iron plate casing are assembled on the outside so as to wrap the container 20, and the casing is configured to hold the entire heat storage tank.

The heat medium heat exchanger 21 shown in FIG. 1 and having a depth of 400 mm is used and is installed and fixed in a heat storage container as shown in the figure. The four circulation pipe connection pipes communicate with the container from the upper part of the container 21 in a sealed state. After the heat medium heat exchanger is installed, the latent heat storage material block 7 placed in a thin polypropylene resin container is inserted into the space and installed, and when this is completed, the container front surface 12 is fixed to the container body by screws. Thereafter, water is injected from the portion of the pressure equalizing film 11 as a filling liquid 8 to a position covering the heat storage material as shown in the figure, and the pressure equalizing film is covered and sealed. Needless to say, antifreeze is used instead of water in cold regions. As the latent heat storage material, 24-paraffin or sodium acetate is used, and the average temperature of the heat storage material is maintained at about 50 ° C. while repeating the phase change. Since paraffin is lighter than water and sodium acetate is heavier than water, there is a tendency to float or sink with respect to the filling liquid. Therefore, stoppers for preventing movement of the heat storage material block are used in various places. Care must be taken in the method in which the heat storage material block is inserted from above because the direction of the heat medium heat exchanger changes.

The heat source medium is a high-pressure propane refrigerant having a condensing temperature of 55 ° C. from the heat pump unit and is communicated as shown in FIG. 5, cooled and condensed in the circulation line 17 of the heat source medium heat exchanger 21, And flows out of the heat storage container 20 to the outside. The condensation heat is transmitted from the outer surface of the heat source medium heat exchanger 21 through the water of the filling liquid 8 to the heat storage material paraffin having a melting temperature in the latent heat storage material block 7 of 50 ° C., and is melted to store heat. On the other hand, when hot water is supplied, tap water, which is a heat output medium, is communicated with the heat output medium circulation pipe 17, receives heat from paraffin, which is a heat storage material, solidifies, and is supplied as hot water at about 45 ° C. In addition, when the amount of heat stored using the electric power of the previous night is reduced due to excessive use of hot water supply, hot water can be supplied by heating tap water directly through a heat medium heat exchanger with a high-temperature propane refrigerant by heat pump operation. In this system, propane refrigerant is fed by a compressor, and tap water is pushed out by tap water pressure, so there is no need for a pump or the like for communicating the medium.

The average daily hot water load in a home is estimated at about 22,000 kilocalories. Whether the heat is stored with hot water at 80 ° C. or the heat is stored at 50 ° C. with a latent heat storage material of paraffin or sodium acetate, the net volume of the heat storage material is calculated to be about 400 liters (L). In hot water heat storage, heat loss from hot water at 80 ° C is large, so the insulation becomes thick, and a cylindrical pressure tank with water pressure must be used as the heat storage container. It is normal to increase to about 1000L or more. On the other hand, it is proved that the heat exchanger type heat storage tank of the present invention requires 500 L or less including the effect of the vacuum stage heat panel, that is, its volume ratio is about 1/2.

Since the entire heat storage device weighs nearly 500 kilograms, it is difficult to carry it together on site, and as described above, the heat storage material is divided into blocks and carried in on site. The pressure equalizing film 11 is fixed and attached to the container body 10 in a form in which a film is stretched on a window frame, and has a flexible resin or rubber film having a flexible shape. Even when the inside of the container expands or contracts due to the phase change of the heat storage material, the whole temperature change, etc., the internal pressure is maintained at substantially atmospheric pressure while maintaining the sealing performance inside the container, and the internal member, especially the filling liquid evaporates. It is also prevented from dissipating into the atmosphere.

When the phase of the heat storage material changes, the volume of the heat storage material expands and contracts, which may break the surrounding structure. For this reason, the method of melt | dissolving a thermal storage material, pouring in a thermal storage container, and solidifying cannot be employ | adopted. Accordingly, the heat storage material is dispersed in a block shape, placed in a small container, inserted into the gap of the heat medium heat exchanger 21, and the resulting gap is filled with the filling liquid 8 to promote heat transfer and absorb phase change strain. . The heat storage container 20 is not a hard resin container as described above, but may be a bag made of a thin resin film. In other words, the bag-like container is set on the bottom plate of the housing, and the operation is performed in a state where the front portion is removed and the front surface is opened. When the heat medium heat exchanger 21 and the heat storage material block 7 are installed, the front part of the heat medium is lifted up to form a bag with the top opened, and after the filling liquid is added, the open part of the entire film at the top of the bag is 2 The open portion is hermetically sealed by being sandwiched and tightened by a plate-shaped iron plate top plate. When the upper part is an opening, the work contents are similar. The pressure equalizing film is provided on the top plate.

This bag-shaped container method is completed in a bag shape at the factory and is carried in. Therefore, it is more reliable than the above-mentioned hard resin container by screwing the hard resin container on-site to complete sealing and sealing. And the cost is reduced. As described above, the filling liquid not only promotes heat transfer, but also absorbs the phase change distortion of the latent heat storage material to prevent the heat medium heat exchanger and the heat storage container from being damaged or swelled and deformed.

This heat exchanger type heat storage system has a basic structure that improves the overall system reliability and quality, such as uniform pressure almost equal to atmospheric pressure, reduced thermal distortion, and reduced fluctuations in operating temperature. Incorporating measures, the heat storage tank itself can be made compact, so heat loss from its surface can be reduced, various heat transfer media can be freely introduced, and heat exchange can be performed simultaneously with heat storage. Although there are many basic structural advantages, FIG. 4 illustrates further system advantages.

The heat exchanger type heat storage system shown in FIG. 3 can also be used effectively as a supplement device that contributes to energy-saving operation of the air conditioner. It is a embodiment of the invention presented in請Motomeko 1,4. This effect has already been explained in detail. A high-pressure refrigerant during cooling operation is communicated as a heat source medium, and tap water supplied to and consumed by the entire building is communicated as a heat output medium, and a latent heat storage temperature of 30 ° C., which is at least about 5 ° C. higher than the mid-summer tap water temperature. Set up a heat exchanger type heat storage system for wood. Before the tap water is used in the building for toilets, washbasins, water supply, etc., it is communicated with this heat storage system to cool and solidify the latent heat storage material and store 30 ° C. cold. On the other hand, the cooling heat pump unit cools the building and radiates the exhaust heat to the cold heat. In this case, as described above, the performance is improved by about 30% as compared with the normal cooling operation that radiates heat to the atmosphere.

However, in practice, there are few cases where the amount of tap water used in the building is so large that it cools down the total exhaust heat amount of the cooling operation in midsummer. For this reason, in practice, a method is used in which the heat medium is used in combination with normal heat radiation and communicated with the heat medium circulation pipe downstream of the atmospheric heat exchanger. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is first cooled to the atmosphere and further cooled by the heat storage material cooled by the tap water as described above, and the condensation temperature is lowered and the undercool is increased. Even in this case, a performance improvement of 20% or more can be obtained. This product system has not yet been put into practical use. The reason can be said that the heat exchanger type heat storage system of the present invention has not been put into practical use. The expected market size is large, and the society as a whole has high expectations for reducing power consumption in the summertime and alleviating peak power consumption. As a further application example of the heat exchanger type heat storage system shown in FIG. 3, the used bath hot water is connected to the heat source medium circulation pipe and the tap water is communicated to the heat output medium circulation pipe, and used bath hot water is retained. It is effective as an apparatus for a method of reusing heat quantity. As a result, even in midwinter, the next day's water supply can use new tap water exceeding 20 ° C.

  Fig. 4 shows an excellent next-generation life that can be widely used in buildings and facilities by using solar cogeneration equipment as the main energy source, realizing hot water supply and air conditioning by effectively using the heat exchanger type heat storage system of the present invention. Present the line system. The entire system was named a solar hot water supply air conditioning system using a heat exchanger type heat storage system. Reference numeral 100 denotes a heat storage tank, which is a central device of the system, and includes a heat storage tank 101 and a cold storage tank 102. The heat pump unit 103 supplies the main heat source, and includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the atmosphere, an outdoor fan, a four-way switching valve that switches the flow of cooling and heating refrigerant, and the like, It is composed of an inverter power supply device that controls and supplies the frequency and voltage for driving the compressor, and the working medium is naturally a natural refrigerant and propane is used. The refrigeration cycle is through the solar heat receiving substrate heat sink 107 and the solar refrigeration cycle line 108 outside the unit, and the heat medium heat exchanger, the cold storage heat storage refrigeration cycle line 110 and the thermal storage heat storage refrigeration cycle in the heat storage tank. The whole refrigeration cycle system is configured by being connected through a pipe 109.

The solar cogeneration apparatus 123 includes a light receiving surface 104 made of a photovoltaic power generation cell that receives sunlight 105, an electric insulating layer for supporting the light receiving surface 104, and a heat receiving substrate 106 made of an aluminum substrate. A heat receiving substrate heat sink 107 for receiving heat from the substrate and cooling the substrate is formed at the end of the heat receiving substrate 106. The heat receiving substrate heat sink 107 is formed by folding the end face of the aluminum heat receiving substrate 106 having a thickness of 1.2 mm and sandwiching the solar refrigeration cycle pipe 108 inside and tightening the heat receiving substrate 106 and the solar refrigeration cycle pipe. It is comprised so that it can heat-transfer between 108 favorably. The solar refrigeration cycle pipe 108 is a continuous copper pipe, and after the solar cogeneration apparatus is installed on the roof or the like, the solar refrigeration cycle pipe 108 is routed in accordance with the position of the heat receiving substrate 106 provided for each module of the apparatus. The substrate 106 is clamped to the substrate heat sink 107 at the end of the substrate 106 to receive heat while cooling the light receiving surface 104 through the solar heat receiving substrate 106 of all the power generation modules, or conversely, heat is applied to heat the light receiving surface. can do.

The electric power generated by the power generation cell on the solar light receiving surface 104 is adjusted in voltage and frequency by the solar power generation power controller 112 and is reversely flowed to the commercial power supply line 113 or used as a power source for the heat pump 103. When power to the heat pump 103 is insufficient, power is supplied from the commercial power supply line 113 through the system linkage power supply line 114. The other actual power exchanges are omitted here and will not be discussed.
There are the following modes for operating the heat pump unit 103, which is a heat source power unit, to output heat. First, in the first mode, heat is obtained while accumulating cold energy in the cold energy storage tank 102 and heat is accumulated in the heat energy storage tank 101. The second mode is a mode in which heat is stored for hot water supply and heating in winter in a mode in which heat is obtained from the heat receiving substrate heat sink 107 and stored in the thermal heat storage tank 101, and in some cases also in the cold heat storage tank 102.

Part 3 is a mode in which part 1 and part 2 are added, and heat is obtained from both the heat sink 107 for receiving heat and the cold storage tank, cools them, stores the heat in the thermal storage tank, and cools in the summer. This mode corresponds to when there is demand for hot water. The fourth mode is a mode in which heat is obtained from the outdoor air by an outdoor heat exchanger, and the heat is stored in the heat storage tank 101 and the cold storage tank 102, and hot water is supplied and heated when it is raining or cloudy. The fifth mode is a mode in which the cold heat storage tank is cooled and radiated to the outdoor air, and is operated when the hot water supply load is small in summer. The sixth mode is a mode in which heat is obtained from outdoor air, the substrate heat sink 107 for receiving heat is heated by the heat, and the sunlight receiving surface 104 is heated to melt the accumulated snow.

The purpose of No. 7 is to melt the snow by heating the heat sink substrate heat sink 107, but the heat of the thermal heat storage tank 102 is used when the snow melting does not proceed due to a large amount of snow or a low outside air temperature. It is a mode to do. Part 8 is a mode in which the cold heat storage tank is heated by absorbing heat from outdoor air, and the cold heat storage tank is preheated to about 30 ° C. As the ninth mode, a mode in which the heat is further pumped and stored in the thermal heat storage tank is subsequently operated, and additional heating is performed in the ninth mode according to the amount of heat used for hot water supply and heating. No. 10 is preheated to about 30 ° C in a cold heat storage tank with hot water stored in the state of heat storage as in No. 8, and further heated to about 45 ° C by communicating with the hot heat storage tank 102 to supply hot water. The heat pump operation No. 8 has a high operation energy efficiency because the condensation temperature can be lowered, and is a mode that is selected when using expensive electric power in the daytime.

In the operation mode of the heat pump unit as described above, the hot / cold heat stored in the hot heat storage tank 101 and the cold heat storage tank 102 is transferred to the heat output medium passing through the heat output medium circulation line of the heat medium heat exchanger as follows. Tell. Hot water supply tap water and heating / air-conditioning carbon dioxide gas are communicated with the thermal heat storage tank 101, and hot water supply tap water and cooling / air-conditioning carbon dioxide gas are communicated with the cold / heat storage tank 102. Although not shown, the carbon dioxide gas is operated by two electric pumps and passes through the air conditioning medium line 118 for heating and cooling to the indoor unit 119, the air conditioning wall panel 120, the floor heating panel 120, etc. which are each indoor unit terminal. It is communicated, and then heating or cooling is performed to return to the original state.
Which indoor unit terminal is selected at that time is automatically determined by the system control or selected by the user.

Carbon dioxide gas has the advantage that the operating volume flow rate is small and the performance can be secured, but since the operating temperature is around 50 ° C during heating, heat is transferred without phase change in a supercritical fluid state where the critical point temperature exceeds 31 ° C. Therefore, there is a cost increase factor and other problems such as a temperature difference in the gas itself due to heat exchange, a high pressure of about 100 atm, and a need for a special pump for supercritical fluid. Therefore, an emulsion in which a microcapsule in which a latent heat storage material is encapsulated in an antifreeze solution is mixed has been studied. Which medium is appropriate is judged after comprehensive consideration including the reliability, cost, power consumption, etc. of the working pump.

In many cases, two indoor unit terminals are used for the same indoor space for the purpose of reducing the indoor temperature distribution, reducing drafts, and reducing operating noise. In this case, one side is set to heating and the other side is set to cooling. As a result, it is possible to perform an operation effective only for dehumidification without changing the temperature of the entire room. On the other hand, hot water for hot water supply is conveyed to each hot water supply terminal through the hot water supply line 117. At this time, the tap water path may be only the thermal heat storage tank 101 as described above, but may be communicated with the thermal heat storage tank 101 once through the cold heat storage tank 102 stored as hot water as preheating. .
In this case, the heat output medium circulation pipes of the heat medium heat exchangers in both the heat storage tanks communicate the hot water supply tap water and the air conditioning medium. Furthermore, a third heat output medium circulation pipe may be used for additional cooking for a bath. On the other hand, in addition to the heat pump refrigerant described above, other heat source media such as a gas cogeneration exhaust heat medium communicate with the heat source medium circulation pipe and may be selectively operated.

The above system effectively uses the electric power and heat output from the solar cogeneration device 123. In some cases, the electric power is reversely flowed to the commercial power line 113, and in other cases, the heat pump unit receives electric power from the commercial electric power line. Is activated. Heat output from the solar cogeneration device 123 is stored in the heat storage tank 100 through the heat pump unit 103 and used for heating and hot water supply. When the heat source is insufficient, the heat pump unit operates with an atmospheric heat source to compensate for the shortage of stored heat. In response to this, the heat storage tank 120 can realize an extremely flexible heat storage system that accepts heat on an occasional basis and outputs it to many targets on an occasional basis, and its core technology is the heat medium heat exchange incorporated therein. It is known that it is a vessel.

FIG. 5 shows a heat exchanger type heat storage system with a preheating heat exchanger used in a technique that can dramatically improve the performance of a hot water supply system or reduce the capacity of a heat storage tank. The configuration of each part is almost the same system as in FIG. The difference is that a preheating heat exchanger 13 is provided in the upper space 9 of the heat storage container 20. This is for exchanging heat between the tap water and the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump unit, and may be a double pipe or a structure in which two pipes are brazed. When the heat pump unit is operated at midnight power the previous night, and it is estimated that the next day will consume a lot of hot water, the heat pump unit is operated using daytime power and the heat exchanger for preheating is used. It preheats tap water.

As a result, the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank is reduced by the amount preheated, which lasts longer. On the other hand, heat is dissipated to low-temperature tap water of 25 ° C or lower, so the condensation temperature of the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump unit is lowered, the power consumption of the compressor is reduced, and the electricity bill is reduced by energy-saving operation. Occurrence is also suppressed. Considering this effect from the beginning, the capacity of the heat storage material of the heat storage tank can be set to be small. In other words, in the case of the system presented above, in a home system that requires a 400 liter heat storage tank, even if it is reduced to 300 liters based on this effect, the heat storage effect equivalent to that provided by providing this preheating heat exchanger 13 is achieved. Can be obtained.

For example, when the tap water supply temperature is 20 ° C., the heat storage temperature is 50 ° C., the heat storage capacity is 400 L, and the hot water supply temperature is 48 ° C. Since the temperature difference that must be heated with the material is reduced from 28 ° C. to 18 ° C., the capacity that the actual heat storage tank can use for hot water supply increases by that ratio to 622 L, which is 1.55 times more effective.

Actually, the space for the preheating heat exchanger 13 is necessary and its effect is diminished, but the effect of about 1.3 times can be obtained even in consideration thereof. The effect of this preheating cannot be obtained by a current system that is not a heat exchanger type heat storage system using a latent heat storage material. Therefore, since the effect of the increase in the heat storage capacity according to the present invention with respect to the previously calculated hot water heat storage is about 2.0 times, it is 2.6 times in combination with this 1.3 times. That is, in the latent heat storage system with hot water heat storage accompanied by tap water preheating according to the present invention, the heat storage tank volume can be reduced to 1/2.
In the heat storage container 20 shown in FIG. 5, the container front surface 12 is an upper half. Although it is superior to FIG. 3 in terms of the watertight sealability and strength of the container, the insertability of the latent heat storage block 7 is inferior. Insertion work is possible in view of the height of the latent heat storage material block, and this method seems to be the most practical. In the case of a small capsule-type latent heat storage material, it is considered that a method in which only the upper surface opens is sufficient. In FIG. 5, the container front surface 10 is half from the middle part to the upper part, and the latent heat storage block is inserted after being lifted up to this part.

Heat exchanger for hot water supply Pipe entry / exit part of heat exchanger for heat transfer medium of multi-circulation pipe Heat exchanger type heat storage system for hot water supply Solar air conditioning hot water supply system using heat storage system Tap water preheating heat exchanger type heat storage system

Explanation of symbols

1 Flat multi-hole tube
2 Circulating line connecting pipe flare 3 Circulating line connecting pipe 4 Circulating line hole 5 Heat source medium flow path direction 6 Heat output medium flow path direction 7 Latent heat storage material block 8 Filling liquid 9 Upper space 10 Container body 11 Pressure equalizing film DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Container front surface 13 Preheating heat exchanger 15 Outdoor air 16 Heat exchanger type heat storage system 17 Heat medium circulation line 18 Meander pitch 19 Hole pitch 20 Heat storage container 21 Heat medium heat exchanger 100 Heat storage tank 101 Thermal storage tank 102 Cold storage Tank 103 Heat pump unit 104 Solar light receiving surface 105 Solar light 106 Solar heat receiving substrate 107 Heat receiving substrate heat sink 108 Solar refrigeration cycle conduit 109 Thermal storage refrigeration cycle conduit 110 Cold thermal storage refrigeration cycle conduit 111 Solar power generation lead 112 Solar power controller 113 Commercial power line 114 Power supply line 115 Power supply line for heat pump 115 Down 116 tap water supply line 117 hot water supply line 118 conditioned medium line 119 the air conditioning indoor unit 120 the air conditioner wall panel 121 Floor heating panel 122 preheater heat exchanger with a heat exchanger heat-utilization system 123 solar cogeneration Ray Deployment device

Claims (5)

The heat source medium circulation pipe that communicates the heat source medium from the outside of the heat storage tank and the heat output medium circulation pipe that communicates the heat output medium toward the outside of the heat storage tank are assembled in an integrated structure. By installing a heat storage material made of metal and a heat storage material adjacent to the outer surface of the heat medium heat exchanger, heat can be exchanged between the heat source medium and the heat output medium, and both mediums can heat the heat medium heat. It is configured to be able to transfer heat with the heat storage material through the outer surface of the entire exchanger, and the heat storage tank is formed by storing them in a heat storage container whose interior is maintained at a pressure close to or equal to atmospheric pressure,
With latent heat storage material set melting temperature to a temperature higher than the temperature of the tap water supplied to be used in water or wash or toilet Other cooling air conditioning season as the heat storage material, the said tap water as the heat output medium The cold heat is stored in the heat storage material to be solidified by communicating with the heat output medium circulation pipe , while the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump unit, which is an air conditioner, is temporarily stored in an outdoor air heat exchanger. A heat exchanger type heat storage system characterized in that after cooling, the heat source medium is communicated with the heat source medium circulation pipe to dissipate heat while melting the heat storage material. The heat source medium circulation pipe that communicates the heat source medium from the outside of the heat storage tank and the heat output medium circulation pipe that communicates the heat output medium toward the outside of the heat storage tank are assembled in an integrated structure. By installing a heat storage material made of metal and a heat storage material adjacent to the outer surface of the heat medium heat exchanger, heat can be exchanged between the heat source medium and the heat output medium, and both mediums can heat the heat medium heat. It is configured to be able to transfer heat with the heat storage material through the outer surface of the entire exchanger, and the heat storage tank is formed by storing them in a heat storage container whose interior is maintained at a pressure close to or equal to atmospheric pressure,
The heat storage container is formed into a bag shape having a wide open top using a film sheet made of a polymer resin material, and the inner surface of the casing or the casing is formed of a metal plate or the like constituting the heat storage tank. The heat storage tank was configured by sealing the upper open portion in a state where the heat medium heat exchanger and the heat storage material were housed in the bag-like container. Heat exchanger type heat storage system characterized by things. The heat source medium circulation pipe that communicates the heat source medium from the outside of the heat storage tank and the heat output medium circulation pipe that communicates the heat output medium toward the outside of the heat storage tank are assembled in an integrated structure. By installing a heat storage material made of metal and a heat storage material adjacent to the outer surface of the heat medium heat exchanger, heat can be exchanged between the heat source medium and the heat output medium, and both mediums can heat the heat medium heat. It is configured to be able to transfer heat with the heat storage material through the outer surface of the entire exchanger, and the heat storage tank is formed by storing them in a heat storage container whose interior is maintained at a pressure close to or equal to atmospheric pressure,
The heat storage container is in the form of a tank made of a thin material, and is installed in a state where it is in contact with the inner surface of the casing constituted by a metal plate or the like or the foam insulation panel attached to the casing or the inner surface of the vacuum insulation panel , A heat exchanger type heat storage system characterized in that the heat storage tank is configured by housing the heat medium heat exchanger and the heat storage material inside the tank-shaped container. Both media each have the with heat medium and the heat output medium body by adjacent to the outer surface of the metal heat-medium heat exchanger and the heat medium heat exchanger installing a heat storage material in the heat storage container can be heat-exchange It is configured to transfer heat with the heat storage material through the outer surface of the entire heat medium heat exchanger,
Using a latent heat storage material with a melting temperature set to a temperature higher than the temperature of tap water supplied to be used for building water supply, toilets, toilets, etc. in the air conditioning season, as the heat storage material,
The cold heat of the tap water is stored and solidified in the heat storage material through the heat medium heat exchanger, while the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle of the heat pump unit that is an air conditioner is used for the heat medium heat exchanger when performing cooling operation. A heat exchanger type heat storage system characterized in that the heat storage material is dissipated to release heat while melting . A large number of block-like latent heat storage materials packed into a small bag or small container using a latent heat storage material as the heat storage material, or a capsule-like latent heat storage material in which a latent heat storage material is sealed in a small resin capsule, and The heat medium heat exchanger has a melting temperature lower than the melting temperature of the latent heat storage material after being stored in the bag-like container or tank-like container in the heat storage container, and has a specific gravity at the time of melting of the latent heat storage material. In contrast, a filling liquid having a specific gravity of 70% or more and 130% or less near the melting temperature is filled between the latent heat storage material and the heat medium heat exchanger, and the space inside the container filled with the filling liquid is outside air. The heat exchanger type heat storage system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, wherein the outside air and the sealed structure are maintained in a state where the pressure is close to or equal to.

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