JP5371718B2 - Elevator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator provided with an emergency stop device for preventing an abnormal descent of a car, and more particularly to an elevator equipped with an electronically operated emergency stop device.

  Normally, an emergency stop device for an elevator detects the speed of the governor rope that moves in conjunction with the car, and moves the wedge mounted on the car by mechanically holding the governor rope during an abnormal descent. The car is fixed between the fixed member of the car and the guide rail to prevent the car from being further lowered.

  However, in recent years, in order to make it unnecessary to install a governor rope or install a governor, the gripping mechanism is gripped by a guide rail using an electromagnetic operation based on an electronic command at the time of abnormal lowering. An elevator equipped with an emergency stop device configured to engage a wedge between a fixed member of a car and a guide rail by relative movement with the wedge is proposed as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Has been.

JP 2009-46246 A

  The emergency stop device that moves the wedge using electromagnetic action includes an electromagnetic actuator and a pressing means, and restricts the pressing force of the pressing means by exciting the electromagnetic actuator to stop gripping on the guide rail, The electromagnetic actuator is de-energized and the guide rail is gripped by the pressing force of the pressing means. Because of this configuration, if the inconvenience (short circuit, disconnection, poor contact, etc.) of the electronic circuit that constitutes the electromagnetic actuator or embrittlement of the pressing means occurs over a long period of time, the electromagnetic actuator will not operate normally. There is a possibility that the gripping mechanism may come into contact with the guide rail, the gripping force by the gripping mechanism may be reduced due to a decrease in the pressing force of the pressing means, or the gripping force may not be ensured.

  For this reason, it is desirable to check the gripping force of the gripping mechanism every time the elevator is started, but no method for checking the gripping force of the gripping mechanism has been established at present.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator that can easily check the gripping force of a gripping mechanism in an emergency stop device that moves a wedge by the gripping mechanism.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a gripping mechanism that has a gripping portion that is mounted on the car and grips the guide rail, and a gripping mechanism that is lifted and lowered by being guided by a guide rail in the hoistway. An emergency stop device is configured by a wedge that is moved between the guide rail and a fixed member of the car by gripping the guide rail by a gripping portion, and the gripping mechanism applies a pressing force to grip the guide rail. And an electromagnetic actuator that applies or restricts the pressing force of the pressing means by non-excitation or excitation according to an electronic command, and presses the gripping portion on the guide rail in the gripping mechanism. and the pressing force detecting means, and a gripping force determination means for determining the detected pressing force is compared with a reference pressure is provided, said pressing force detecting the hand for detecting the pressure Are an elastic body provided between a gripping part of the gripping mechanism and a support part that supports the gripping part, an elastic deformation member that is in contact with the gripping part and supported by the support part, and an elastic member of the elastic deformation member It has a deformation detection sensor for detecting elastic deformation.

  By configuring in this way, every time the elevator is started or every periodic inspection, the electromagnetic actuator is brought into an excited and non-excited state, and the pressing force of the gripping mechanism in the non-excited state is detected and compared with a reference pressing force. Therefore, it can be easily determined whether the gripping force of the gripping mechanism is sufficient to move the wedge.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in the emergency stop device that moves the wedge by the gripping mechanism, an elevator that can easily check the gripping force of the gripping mechanism can be obtained.

The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the emergency stop apparatus of the elevator by this invention. The figure seen from the arrow Q direction of FIG. 1 which shows the position of the wedge of the emergency stop apparatus at the time of normal driving | operation. The figure seen from the arrow Q direction of FIG. 1 which shows the position of the wedge of the emergency stop device at the time of abnormal fall. The expanded side view which shows the holding part vicinity of the holding mechanism of the emergency stop apparatus of FIG. Sectional drawing in alignment with the AA of FIG. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 showing when the grip portion is tilted. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. The flowchart figure which shows the test | inspection determination procedure of the grip force of the elevator by this invention. Explanatory drawing of the opening time of the holding mechanism of the elevator by this invention.

  Hereinafter, an emergency stop device for an elevator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  An emergency stop device is mounted on a car (not shown) which is guided by a guide rail 1 standing in the hoistway and moves up and down to face the guide rail 1.

  This emergency stop device is roughly divided into a gripping mechanism 2 that is mounted on a car and grips the guide rail 1, and the gripping mechanism 2 holds the guide rail 1 between the guide rail 1 and the car fixing member. And a wedge mechanism 3 that moves in between.

  The gripping mechanism 2 is provided at a pair of gripping arms 5A and 5B that are pivotally supported by a support shaft 4 on a fixed member that is slidable with respect to a passenger car, and at the distal ends of the gripping arms 5A and 5B. The gripping portions 6A and 6B, the pressing springs 7 as pressing means mounted across the rear ends of the gripping arms 5A and 5B, and the electromagnetic actuator 8 that compresses the pressing springs 7 by excitation are provided. . Further, as shown in detail in FIGS. 4 and 5, the gripping portions 6 </ b> A and 6 </ b> B are attached to the gripping body 9 and a known means such as bonding or screwing on the side of the gripping body 9 facing the guide rail 1. The formed lining material 10 and an elastic body 11 made of, for example, hard rubber, which is arranged on the side opposite to the guide rail 1 of the grip body 9 and is attached to the grip arms 5A and 5B by known means such as adhesion or screwing. And have.

  The holding body 9 is provided with a protruding portion 9T that protrudes toward the anti-guide rail 1, and this protruding portion 9T has a protruding end formed through the elastic body 11 and the holding arms 5A and 5B. It penetrates the holes 11H and 5H and protrudes toward the anti-guide rail 1 side of the gripping arms 5A and 5B.

  On the other hand, one end side of a deformable member 12 such as a leaf spring which is formed along the longitudinal direction of the gripping arms 5A and 5B and elastically deforms is fixed to the gripping arms 5A and 5B, and the other end side protrudes from the protruding portion 9T. It arrange | positions so that an edge may be contacted. A strain gauge 13, which is a deformation detection sensor for measuring the deformation amount of the deformation member 12, is bonded and fixed between the fixed portion of the deformation member 12 and the contact portion of the deformation member 12 with the protrusion 9 </ b> T. . The holding body 9, the elastic body 11, the deformable member 12, and the strain gauge 13 constitute the pressing force detecting means of the present invention.

  The wedge mechanism 3 has a pair of wedges 14A and 14B that can sandwich the guide rail 1 from the left and right at positions above the grip arms 5A and 5B and where the vertical projections overlap the grip portions 6A and 6B of the grip mechanism 2. doing. The wedges 14A and 14B have a clamping surface parallel to the guide rail 1, and an inclined surface is formed on the back side of the clamping surface so that the upper side is narrower and the lower side is wider than the clamping surface. The wedges 14A and 14B are guided to blocks 15A and 15B having guide surfaces that are fixed to the strength members of the car and guide the inclined surfaces. In an emergency, the wedges 14A and 14B are moved upward with the blocks 15A and 15B as a guide. By moving, the guide rail 1 is displaced so that the guide rail 1 is clamped. Here, the blocks 15A and 15B serve as fixing members that press the wedges 14A and 14B toward the guide rail 1 by the upward movement of the wedges 14A and 14B.

  In addition, the elevator according to the present embodiment has an elevator operation control means 16 that controls the operation of the elevator, a car speed sensor 17 that measures the elevator lifting speed, and a speed measured by the car speed sensor 17 is a predetermined speed. When the value exceeds (for example, 1.3 times the rated speed), the overspeed determination means 18 that issues a command to cut off the energization of the electromagnetic actuator 8 and the pressing force of the gripping mechanism 2 from the detection signal from the strain gauge 13 ( The electromagnetic actuator 8 is energized or de-energized based on signals (electronic commands) from the pressing force determining means 19 for determining the abnormality of the gripping force, the overspeed determining means 18 and the pressing force determining means 19, in other words energization. And an energization control means 20 for turning on and off.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the emergency stop device for an elevator configured as described above compresses the pressing spring 7 by energizing the electromagnetic actuator 8 during normal operation to compress the gripping portions 6A and 6B of the gripping mechanism 2. , Separated from the guide rail 1. At this time, the pair of wedges 14A and 14B are placed on the gripping portions 6A and 6B. Therefore, the elevator car can freely move up and down along the guide rail 1.

  However, if the car speed sensor 17 and the speed excess determining means 18 determine that the descending speed of the car has exceeded 1.3 times the rated speed, the car actuator speed is applied to the electromagnetic actuator 8 via the energization control means 20. Turn off the power. By shutting off the energization of the electromagnetic actuator 8, the compression state of the pressing spring 7 is released, the tip portions of the gripping arms 5A and 5B via the support shaft 4 are narrowed, and the gripping portions 6A and 6B are pressed toward the guide rail 1 side. By the pressing of the gripping portions 6A and 6B toward the guide rail 1, the gripping portions 6A and 6B move together with the guide rail 1 relative to the car. Due to the upward movement of the gripping portions 6A and 6B, the wedges 14A and 14B placed on the gripping portions 6A and 6B move upward and enter the blocks 15A and 15B as shown in FIG. Guided by the inclined surfaces in 15A and 15B, the wedges 14A and 14B are displaced toward the guide rail 1 and sandwiched. By holding the guide rail 1 between the wedges 14A and 14B, the emergency stop is made and the falling of the car is stopped.

  On the other hand, in the elevator emergency stop device configured as described above, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic actuator 8 may not be generated at all or may be reduced due to the disconnection or short circuit of the circuit including the solenoid coil of the electromagnetic actuator 8. However, it cannot be said that there is nothing at all. In such a case, the necessary electromagnetic force cannot be ensured, and the gripping portions 6A and 6B may come into contact with or be held by the guide rail 1 by the pressing spring 7. If the gripping portions 6A and 6B come into contact with or be held between the guide rails 1, contact and sliding noise between the gripping portions 6A and 6B and the guide rail 1 will be generated or an emergency stop will occur during normal operation. Lack of reliability.

  In addition, in the case where the astringency between the support shaft 4 and the gripping arms 5A and 5B, the wear of the lining material 10 of the gripping portions 6A and 6B, and further the embrittlement of the pressing spring 7 occur, the gripping portions 6A and 6B A sufficient gripping force on the guide rail 1 cannot be obtained, the wedges 14A and 14B cannot be pushed up into the blocks 15A and 15B, and the emergency stop device may not function normally when an emergency stop should be performed.

  In such a case, is the gripping force on the guide rail 1 of the gripping portions 6A and 6B for pushing up the wedges 14A and 14B into the blocks 15A and 15B as necessary during periodic inspections? Need to be checked.

  According to the configuration of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, by stopping energization to the electromagnetic actuator 8 during inspection, the gripping portions 6A and 6B at the distal ends of the gripping arms 5A and 5B are moved by the pressing spring 7. The guide rail 1 is clamped. At this time, the holding body 9 compresses the elastic body 11 to project the protruding portion 9 </ b> T and elastically deforms the deformable member 12. The elastic deformation of the deformable member 12 is detected by the strain gauge 13, and the detection signal is determined by the pressing force determining means 19 to measure the gripping force (pressing force) of the gripping portions 6A and 6B. Here, if it is found that the necessary gripping force is not obtained, the set of the gripping mechanism 2 is replaced, or each member (electronic circuit including the lining member 10, the pressing spring 7, and the electromagnetic actuator 8) is inspected.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the gripping portions 6A and 6B are in contact with the guide rail 1 in a tilted state due to misalignment of the gripping mechanism 2, this tilt can be absorbed by the elastic body 11, so The pressure can be measured accurately.

  In the present embodiment, the deforming member 12 is deformed to measure the pressing force with the strain gauge 13, but the strain gauge 13 is attached to the gripping arms 5A and 5B to deform the gripping arms 5A and 5B. The pressing force may be measured by detection. However, in this case, the gripping arms 5A and 5B are also highly rigid in order to ensure the strength of the gripping mechanism 2, so that there is little deformation. Therefore, a highly sensitive measurement gauge capable of measuring a slight displacement or acting stress should be prepared. That's fine.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the elastic body 11 constituting the gripping portions 6A and 6B is formed of hard rubber. However, since there is a concern that the elastic force is reduced due to deterioration over time, in such a case, As in the modification shown in FIG. 8, a leaf spring 21 or a coil spring may be used.

  Next, an example of an inspection procedure for the elevator safety device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This inspection procedure is executed by the pressing force determination means 19 shown in FIG.

  First, the solenoid coil of the electromagnetic actuator 8 is energized (step S1), and the resistance value R0 of the strain gauge 13 is measured in this state (step S2). Thereafter, the energization of the solenoid coil is interrupted (step S3), and the resistance value R1 of the strain gauge 13 at that time is measured (step S4). The solenoid coil is energized again (step S5), and the resistance value R2 of the strain gauge 13 is measured in this state (step S6).

  As a result, the resistance value difference R1-R0 is compared with the first threshold value H1 (step S7). If the resistance value difference R1-R0 is smaller than the first threshold value H1, the pressing force (gripping force) ) Is insufficient or the closing operation is abnormal, and an abnormality is determined (step S12). Also, the absolute value of the resistance value difference R2-R0 is compared with the second threshold value H2 (step S8), and if the absolute value of the resistance value difference R2-R0 is larger than the second threshold value H2, the gripping It is determined that the opening operation of the part is abnormal and the abnormality is determined (step S12). Further, the resistance value difference R1-R0 is compared with the third threshold value H3 (H3> H1) (step S9), and if the resistance value difference R1-R0 is smaller than the third threshold value H3, the pressing force Is sufficient to push up the wedge, but since it is lower than the original, it is determined to prompt repair / replacement (step S11). If none of the above applies, it is determined as normal (step S10).

  By performing the inspection procedure as described above, it is possible to immediately select the one that needs to maintain the gripping mechanism 2 and that performs maintenance immediately.

  Note that the gripping force of the gripping portions 6A and 6B of the gripping mechanism 2 can be obtained as a difference in deformation amount of the deformable member 12 when the gripping portions 6A and 6B are closed and open. Therefore, in the determination operation of the inspection procedure, the determination is performed by comparing the resistance value of the strain gauge 13 when the solenoid coil is energized and when the solenoid coil is interrupted with each threshold value. Moreover, the drift error due to the temperature of the strain gauge 13 can be reduced by performing such an inspection procedure. By the way, when the gripping mechanism 2 is not normally opened in the state of energization in step S1, the resistance value R0 does not become the resistance value when the gripping mechanism 2 is open, but as a result, the difference in resistance value Since the value of R1-R0 becomes abnormally small, it can be determined as abnormal. The resistance value R2 when the gripping mechanism 2 is opened again in steps S5 and S6 is compared with the resistance value R0 because the pressing force is normal when the resistance value fluctuates greatly each time the gripping mechanism 2 is opened. This is also for determining that it is abnormal.

  Next, based on FIG. 10, operation | movement of the determination means which determines the presence or absence of abnormality by the opening / closing time of the holding | grip mechanism 2 is demonstrated.

  In a state where the gripping mechanism 2 holds the guide rail 1 and is closed, the time when the electromagnetic actuator 8 is energized is T1, and then the resistance value of the strain gauge 13 is the resistance value R0 + the second threshold value H2. The time when the time falls below T2 is T2. At this time, when the time difference Δt between the times T1 and T2 is larger than a predetermined value, it is determined as abnormal.

  If the attraction force of the electromagnetic actuator 8 decreases due to an abnormality in the electronic circuit including the solenoid coil of the electromagnetic actuator 8, the time from the start of energization until the gripping mechanism 2 is actually released from the guide rail 1 becomes longer. Therefore, an abnormality is detected by reading the time until the separation (opening time) from the change in the resistance value of the strain gauge 13.

  In order to determine whether the opening time is abnormal, two levels of thresholds are set in the same manner as the first threshold value H1 and the third threshold value H3 in FIG. If it is longer than the second threshold value (third threshold value H3) and longer than the second threshold value (third threshold value H3), it may be determined as needing inspection, and if longer than the second threshold value (third threshold value H3), it may be determined as abnormal. .

  When it is determined as abnormal by the respective determination means as described above, the elevator is immediately stopped and a signal requesting inspection / repair by the maintenance staff is issued to the maintenance center or the like. In addition, if it is determined that inspection is necessary, the elevator can be operated, but a maintenance center or the like shall be notified so that inspection and repair are performed as soon as possible.

  Therefore, an elevator equipped with a reliable emergency stop device can be obtained by these simple determinations.

  By the way, although the above explanation used the strain gauge provided in the gripping arm as the pressing force detection means according to the present invention, the main factor of the change in the pressing force of the gripping mechanism is due to the embrittlement of the pressing spring. A pressure sensor is installed as a pressing force detection means between the end of the pressing spring and the gripping arm that straddles a pair of gripping arms, and the change in the measured value by this pressure sensor is taken as the change in gripping force (pressing force). You may catch it.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Guide rail, 2 ... Grip mechanism, 3 ... Wedge mechanism, 4 ... Support shaft, 5A, 5B ... Grip arm, 6A, 6B ... Grip part, 7 ... Pressing spring, 8 ... Electromagnetic actuator, 9 ... Grip body, 9T DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Projection part, 10 ... Lining material, 11 ... Elastic body, 5H, 11H ... Through-hole, 12 ... Deformation member, 13 ... Strain gauge, 14A, 14B ... Wedge, 15A, 15B ... Block, 16 ... Elevator operation control means, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 17 ... Car speed sensor, 18 ... Overspeed determination means, 19 ... Pressing force determination means, 20 ... Current supply control means, 21 ... Leaf spring

Claims (3)

A carriage that is guided by a guide rail in the hoistway and moves up and down, a gripping mechanism that is mounted on the car and has a gripping part that grips the guide rail, and gripping the guide rail by the gripping part of the gripping mechanism An emergency stop device is constituted by a wedge moved between a guide rail and a fixed member of a car, and the gripping mechanism has a pressing means for applying a pressing force for gripping the guide rail, and non-excitation by an electronic command. Alternatively, in an elevator provided with an electromagnetic actuator that applies or restricts the pressing force of the pressing means by excitation, the gripping mechanism is provided with a pressing force detection means that detects the pressing force of the gripping portion on the guide rail, And a gripping force determining means for determining the detected pressing force by comparing with the reference pressing force ,
The pressing force detection means includes an elastic body provided between a grip portion of the grip mechanism and a support portion that supports the grip portion, an elastic deformation member that is in contact with the grip portion and supported by the support portion, An elevator comprising a deformation detection sensor for detecting elastic deformation of the elastic deformation member . A carriage that is guided by a guide rail in the hoistway and moves up and down, a gripping mechanism that is mounted on the car and has a gripping part that grips the guide rail, and gripping the guide rail by the gripping part of the gripping mechanism The wedge moved between the guide rail and the car fixing member, the gripping mechanism includes a pair of gripping arms having the gripping portion at the tip and pivotally supported by the intermediate portion, and the pair of grips A pressing spring mounted across the rear end of the arm, an electromagnetic actuator mounted across the pair of gripping arms and applying or restricting the pressing force of the pressing spring by non-excitation or excitation by an electronic command; An elastic body interposed between the gripping arm and the gripping portion, an elastic deformation member that is in contact with the gripping arm and supported by the gripping arm, and a deformation detection sensor that detects elastic deformation of the elastic deformation member When Elevator characterized in that a and determining gripping force determination means the detected pressure is compared with a reference pressure. A carriage that is guided by a guide rail in the hoistway and moves up and down, a gripping mechanism that is mounted on the car and has a gripping part that grips the guide rail, and gripping the guide rail by the gripping part of the gripping mechanism An emergency stop device is constituted by a wedge moved between a guide rail and a fixed member of a car, and the gripping mechanism has a pressing means for applying a pressing force for gripping the guide rail, and non-excitation by an electronic command. Alternatively, when detecting the gripping force of the gripping portion of the elevator provided with an electromagnetic actuator that applies or restricts the pressing force of the pressing means by excitation, the pressing force by the pressing means in the non-excited state of the electromagnetic actuator is used. Detecting and comparing the detected pressing force with a reference pressing force to determine the magnitude of the gripping force of the gripping portion, and Is set to at least a first reference pressing force and a second reference pressing force having a pressing force smaller than the first reference pressing force but capable of moving the wedge, and the detected pressing force is If it is greater than the first reference pressing force, it is determined to be normal, and if the detected pressing force is smaller than the first reference pressing force but greater than the second reference pressing force, it is determined that inspection is necessary. An abnormality determination method for an emergency stop device for an elevator, wherein an abnormality is determined if the detected pressing force is smaller than the second reference pressing force.

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