JP5353723B2 - Seeding machine feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that seeds fit to each delivery groove of a delivery roll can not accurately be discharged in a process reaching a discharging drop position of a rotation lower end in good discharging timing only by slide-contacting a brush with the rotation peripheral surface of the delivery roll to accurately dibble the seeds, and a problem that, in a structure in which a guide plate is disposed on the delivery side of the brush, seeds fit to the delivery grooves receive frictional resistance between the seeds and the guide plate, easily peel coating films for coating the outer peripheral surfaces of the seeds, and can hardly accurately be dibbled. <P>SOLUTION: The delivery device of a seeding machine is characterized by disposing a delivery cover 3 triggered to cover the groove opening portions of the delivery grooves 1 along the delivery side rotation peripheral surface of the delivery roll 2, and an outer cover 4 for covering the outer peripheral portion of the delivery cover 3 and simultaneously controlling to outward open the delivery cover 3, and further disposing the tip side delivery edge 5 of the outer cover 4 on the delivery side in front of the tip end edge 6 of the delivery cover 3 to approach the rotation peripheral surface of the delivery roll 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a feeding device for a seeding machine that performs accurate spot seeding without damaging the surface of the seed.

  In order to spot seeds with a coating film, a technique for covering the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll with a brush, a guide plate, etc. to prevent the coating film from peeling and seed scattering (for example, patent documents) 1) is known.

JP 2008-201359 A (page 3, FIG. 6).

  In order to perform accurate spotting, the stroke between the seeds fitted in the feeding grooves of the feeding roll reaching the discharging and falling position at the lower end of the rotation only by sliding the brush on the rotating circumferential surface of the feeding roll. It is difficult to arrange the timing of discharge at this time, and it is difficult to maintain accurate spotting. In the configuration in which the guide plate is provided on the feeding side of the brush, the seed fitted in each feeding groove receives a frictional resistance between the guide plate and coats the outer peripheral surface of the seed. It is easy to peel off the film, and it is difficult to maintain accurate spotting.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the feeding roll 2 in which the feeding groove 1 for fitting the seed to the rotating peripheral surface is mounted, and the seed fitted in each feeding groove 1 is rotated by the rotation of the feeding roll 2. In the sowing machine for feeding and spotting, the feeding cover 3 that repels along the feeding-side rotating circumferential surface of the feeding roll 2 so as to cover the groove portion of the feeding groove 1 and the outer periphery of the feeding cover 3 are covered. The outer cover 4 for restricting the outward opening of the feeding cover 3 is provided, and the feeding edge 5 on the leading end side of the outer cover 4 is positioned on the feeding side with respect to the leading edge 6 of the feeding cover 3 for feeding. It is set as the structure of the drawing | feeding-out apparatus characterized by being provided close to the rotation surrounding surface of the roll 2. FIG.

  When the seeds supplied to the sowing hopper by rotating the feeding roll 2 are sowed and seeded, when each feeding groove 1 is in a position facing the upper sowing hopper, the seeds are inserted into the upper feeding groove 1, It is fed to the feeding cover 3 side by rotation. The seeds fitted in the respective feeding grooves 1 are partitioned by the partition portions between the front and rear feeding grooves 1, move to the discharging portion of the descending rotation, and are guided to the covering surface of the feeding cover 3 to be fed out. . At this time, when a part of the seed presses the coating surface of the feeding cover 3, the feeding cover 3 is distorted in the outer peripheral direction due to elasticity, and the seed is not pressed strongly. The feeding guide is provided with less damage to the coating film. Further, at this time, when the feeding cover 3 is pushed by the seed and greatly distorted toward the outer peripheral side, it is received by the outer cover 4 on the outer side, and extreme distortion of the feeding cover 3 is suppressed, and the feeding seed in each feeding groove 1 is suppressed. Maintain the state of guiding. In this way, when the seed guided by the feeding cover 3 is detached from the tip edge 6, it is guided to the feeding edge 5 of the outer cover 4, and once discharged into the form of being locked, it is discharged and dropped downward. The

  The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a blast nozzle 53 that blasts toward the part of the feeding groove 1 after the seed feeding by the rotation of the feeding roll 2, and cleans the residue around each feeding groove 1. be able to.

  When seeding with a coating film formed, such as calper seeds, is directly sown while being fed, the coating agent becomes powdery and remains in the feeding groove 1 and is easily stuck, but the feeding roll 2 Each of the feeding grooves 1 fed out by fitting the seeds by rotation of the nozzle receives the blast from the blast nozzle 53 immediately afterwards and cleans the inner peripheral surface of the feeding groove 2, so that coating is performed in the subsequent feeding action. Residual accumulation of agents and the like is difficult to be performed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a taper surface 57 that is inclined downward toward the feeding groove 1 or a guide groove 58 that moves toward the feeding groove 58 is formed on the rotating circumferential surface of the feeding roll 2. The seeds can be guided to the taper surface 57 or the guide groove 58 by the rotation of the feed roll 2 and guided to the feed groove 1.

  As described above, seeds are fitted to each feeding groove 1 by the rotation of the feeding roll 2 and fed out. The feeding groove 1 of the feeding roll 2 in this spot seeding form is formed on the rotating circumferential surface of the feeding roll 2. Seeds that are intermittently or partially formed with appropriate intervals but are not directly fitted into the feeding groove 1 are tapered surfaces 57 on the sides of these feeding grooves 1 or guide grooves. It is guided by 58, and it becomes easy to be fitted into the inside of the feeding groove 1, so that each feeding groove 1 can be filled and maintained at a constant feeding amount to perform the spotting action.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the seed which is fitted into the feeding groove 1 of the feeding roll 2 and fed out is subjected to smooth feeding sowing without frictional damage due to the elasticity of the feeding cover 3, and the seed is coated with a coating film. Even if the particle size is relatively large depending on the form of forming the surface and the frictional resistance with the feeding cover 3 is increased, the outer cover 4 restricts extreme deformation of the feeding cover 3 so that accurate seed At the position where the feeding guide is maintained and the outer cover 4 is fed from the leading edge 6, the outer cover 4 is locked by the edge 5 and the seed position in the same feeding groove 1 is once aligned. Can be spotted in a state of falling and discharging.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, each feeding groove 1 that is fed and fitted with seeds by the rotation of the feeding roll 2 receives a blast from the blast nozzle 53 immediately thereafter, and the inner circumference of this feeding groove 2. Since the surface is cleaned, when the seeds with the coating film formed are directly sown while being fed, the coating agent becomes powdery and is less likely to remain in the feeding groove 1 and become sticky. It is possible to maintain a constant feeding capacity and to perform an accurate and efficient spotting action.

  In the invention according to claim 3, as described above, even if the seeds on the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2 are not directly fitted into the feeding groove 1 by the rotation of the feeding roll 2, Guided by the side tapered surface 57 or the guide groove 58, it is easy to be fitted into the inside of the feeding groove 1, and each feeding groove 1 is filled and maintained at a constant feeding amount, which is accurate and stable. A spot sowing action can be performed.

The side view of a delivery roll part. The side view of the sowing apparatus part. Side view of direct seeding machine. The arrangement | positioning top view of the sowing part. The side view of the delivery roll part which shows a part another example. The front sectional view of the feeding roll which shows another example. The perspective view of the feeding roll which shows another example. The sectional side view and perspective view of the sowing apparatus part which show another example. The sectional side view which shows the operation state, and a perspective view. The side view of the delivery roll part which shows a part another example. The side view of the delivery roll part which shows a part another example. The side view of the delivery roll part which shows a part another example. The side view of the delivery roll part which shows a part another example. The perspective view of a grooving board part. The block diagram of blower ventilation control.

  Based on the drawings, for a direct sowing machine for directly sowing seeds on the field soil surface, a seeding device 9 is connected to the rear of the tractor body 7 via a lift link 8 in the form of a parallel link. At the rear part of the vehicle body 7, a cutting rotor 10 for scraping and leveling the soil surface is provided on the front side of the seeding device 9, and a fertilizer 12 is provided on the rear frame 11 at the rear part of the vehicle body 7. The tractor body 7 is provided with a driver's seat 15 on an engine room 14 on which an engine 13 is mounted, and a front wheel 19 and a rear wheel 20 which are steered by a steering handle 18 on a steering post 17 at the front of the step floor 16. Thus, a four-wheel running mode in which the engine 13 is driven to drive is adopted. The vehicle body 7 is provided with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission 21 driven by the engine 13 and a transmission case 23 having a front axle 22 mounted on the left and right sides at the front, and a rear wheel interlocking shaft 24 is connected to the transmission case 23 from the transmission case 23. A rear axle housing 26 that shafts the interlocked rear axle 25 is disposed at the rear. The lift link 8 is connected to the rear frame 11 so as to be pivotable up and down, and can be moved up and down by expansion and contraction of the lift cylinder 27 with respect to the vehicle body 5, and the seeding device 9 mounted on the rear end can be moved up and down. Further, a PTO shaft 28 is provided behind the transmission case 23, and the fertilizer application device 12 and the seeding device 9 are interlocked from the PTO shaft 28. Further, the scraper rotor 10 is configured to be driven from a part of the transmission mechanism of the rear axle housing 26 via the rotor interlocking shaft 29.

  The seeding device 9 arranges the float 31 below the seeding frame 30, makes a groove with the grooving device 32 while sliding on the soil surface, and sows the groove. The feeding roll 2 is rotated around the roll axis 33 in the horizontal direction, the seeds that are fitted and supplied from the upper sowing hopper 34 into each seeding groove 1 on the outer periphery of the roll 2 are fed out, and the seeds that are fed out are fed. Guided by the sowing pipe 35, the seeding is performed at appropriate intervals in the groove forming portion formed by the groove forming device 32. A blower 36 is provided on the front side of the sowing hopper 34, and the air blown from the blower 36 is guided to each sowing pipe 35, so that the seed fed out by the blowing pressure is ejected to the groove and sowed. . Further, a soil cultivator 37 or a soil covering device can be arranged on the rear side of each groove forming portion to cover the seeded groove forming portion. The sowing device 9 having such a multi-row sowing form is attached to the hitch link 38 at the rear end of the lift link 8 and is lowered to a sowing work posture by the vertical movement of the lift link 8 or the float 31 is soiled. It is raised to the non-seeding work posture that has floated upward from the surface.

  The said roughing rotor 10 is arrange | positioned at the front side of each float 31 of the sowing apparatus 9, and scrapes and smoothes the soil surface on which this float 31 slides. The attachment arm 30 is attached to the hitch link 38 and moved up and down. The chamfering rotor 10 arranges the claw rotor 41 before and after the rotor case 40, and leveles it while scratching the soil surface by rotation.

  Further, the fertilizer 12 in the form of multi-strip fertilization at the rear of the vehicle body 7 has a fertilizer hopper 42 and a feed roll 44 for feeding fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer hopper 43, and the rotation of the feed roll 44 The fed fertilizer is guided to flow down by the fertilizer hose 43 and guided to the groove forming portion formed by the groove forming device 32. Reference numeral 45 denotes a funnel provided at the rear of the grooving device 32, and the seeding pipe 35 is seen through the funnel.

  Here, the feeding device of the seeding device 9 has a feeding roll 2 formed with a feeding groove 1 for fitting seeds on the rotating peripheral surface, and is fitted into each feeding groove 1 by the rotation of the feeding roll 2. In a form in which seeds are fed and seeded, a feeding cover 3 that repels so as to cover a groove opening portion of the feeding groove 1 along the feeding-side rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2 and an outer peripheral portion of the feeding cover 3 are covered. In addition, an outer cover 4 for restricting the outward opening of the feeding cover 3 is provided, and the feeding edge 5 on the distal end side of the outer cover 4 is positioned on the feeding side with respect to the leading edge 6 of the feeding cover 3. And provided close to the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2.

  When the seeds fed to the sowing hopper by rotating the feeding roll 2 are sowed and seeded, when each feeding groove 1 is in a position facing the upper sowing hopper, the seeds are inserted into the upper feeding groove 1. Then, it is fed to the feeding cover 3 side by rotation. The seeds fitted in the respective feeding grooves 1 are partitioned by the partition portions between the front and rear feeding grooves 1, move to the discharging portion of the descending rotation, and are guided to the covering surface of the feeding cover 3 to be fed out. . At this time, when a part of the seed presses the coating surface of the feeding cover 3, the feeding cover 3 is distorted in the outer peripheral direction due to elasticity, and the seed is not pressed strongly. The feeding guide is provided with less damage to the coating film. Further, at this time, when the feeding cover 3 is pushed by the seed and greatly distorted toward the outer peripheral side, it is received by the outer cover 4 on the outer side, and extreme distortion of the feeding cover 3 is suppressed, and the feeding seed in each feeding groove 1 is suppressed. Maintain the state of guiding. In this way, when the seed guided by the feeding cover 3 is detached from the leading edge 6, the seed is guided to the feeding edge 5 of the outer cover 4, and after being brought into a locked form, is discharged and dropped downward.

In addition, a blast nozzle 53 that blasts toward the part of the feeding groove 1 after the seed feeding by the rotation of the feeding roll 2 is provided, and the surroundings of the residue in each feeding groove 1 can be cleaned.
When seeding with a coating film formed, such as calper seeds, is directly sown while being fed, the coating agent becomes powdery and remains in the feeding groove 1 and is easily stuck, but the feeding roll 2 Each of the feeding grooves 1 fed out by fitting the seeds by rotation of the nozzle receives the blast from the blast nozzle 53 immediately afterwards and cleans the inner peripheral surface of the feeding groove 2, so that coating is performed in the subsequent feeding action. Residual accumulation of agents and the like is difficult to be performed.

  The lower end portion of each sowing hopper 34 is superposed on and attached to a feeding case 47 formed with a feeding chamber 46 for mounting each feeding roll 2 on the shaft 33, and seeds in the sowing hopper 34 are supplied into the feeding chamber 46. Can do. A feeding groove 1 having an appropriate volume is formed on the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2, and an arcuate partition 48 is formed between the front and rear of each feeding groove 1. A brush 49 is provided in the feeding chamber 46 on the feeding roll 2, and the amount of seeded seeds fed in each feeding groove 1 is brought into sliding contact with the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2. Is kept constant. The feeding cover 3 made of a rubber plate or the like is placed along the rotational direction side of the brush 49 and lightly pressed. The leading edge 6 of the feeding cover 3 is put into the discharge chamber 50 below the feeding chamber 46. Then, the seeds fitted in the sowing grooves 1 in the upper feeding chamber 46 are scraped off by the brush 49 and guided to the feeding cover 3, and fed to the lower discharge chamber 50 for each part of the feeding grooves. Then, it is fed to the sowing pipe 35 and spotted. Reference numeral 51 denotes a discharge shutter for directly discharging seeds remaining in the hopper 34 to the outside of the machine after work.

  The outer cover 4 is configured so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the feeding cover 3 with an appropriate interval, and when the feeding cover 3 is distorted outward by elasticity, the outer cover 4 receives the rear surface of the feeding cover 3 and receives it. The above-described feeding cover 3 is prevented from curving outward, and the groove portions of the feeding grooves 1 are held so as not to open excessively. The leading end of the outer cover 4 is protruded appropriately downward from the leading end of the feeding cover 3, and the feeding edge 5 that projects so as to approach the rotational peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2 is parallel to the feeding roll shaft 33. The seeds fed by the feeding roll 2 are aligned while being temporarily locked by the feeding edge 5, and the seeds fed by the one feeding groove 1 are collected and dropped almost simultaneously. The outer cover 4 can be configured to be made of a relatively strong elastic material, and can elastically absorb the feeding cover 3 that receives the pushing force when the seed is fed and is distorted outward.

  The residual seed take-out chamber 52 that pivotally supports the discharge shutter 51 so as to be able to open and close is provided with an air jet nozzle 53, which is provided inside the take-out chamber 52 and is arranged on the peripheral surface of the rotating feed roll 2. It is possible to clean the seeds, foreign matters, and the like that circulate toward the inner circumferential surface of each feeding groove 1 by blasting toward it. Using the wind pressure blown from the blower 36 through the fertilizer hose 43 and the like to the seeding nozzle 54 that is seen through the funnel 45, the blower 36 guides the air to blow through the hose 55 that is branched and communicated. In the direct sowing machine, the sowing device 9 is provided at a low position close to the paddy soil surface, or in order to perform sowing work under humid conditions, the feeding groove 1 of the feeding roll 2 has mud soil, Although it is easy to adhere and accumulate dust and the like, it is always cleaned by the blast from the nozzle 53 to maintain the correct number of seeded seeds.

  Further, in order to clean the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2, a cleaning brush 56 is provided during the return stroke between the discharge chamber 50 and the feeding chamber 46 as shown in FIG. It can be set as the form which cleans a surface.

  Next, mainly based on FIG. 6, the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2 is formed with a drum-shaped tapered surface 57 that is inclined downward toward the feeding groove 1, and the guide is maintained in the feeding groove 1. To reduce frictional damage on the seed surface.

  FIG. 7 shows a guide groove 58 that is spirally wound toward the feeding groove 1 on the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2. The seeds that are guided and fitted in the guide grooves 58 by the brush 49 by the rotation of the feeding groove roll 2 are immediately fitted and guided from the guide grooves 58 to the feeding groove 1, so that the surface of the seed (Calper portion) Hard to damage.

  As described above, a taper surface 57 that is inclined downward toward the feeding groove 1 or a guide groove 58 that moves toward the feeding groove 58 is formed on the rotating circumferential surface of the feeding roll 2. The seeds can be guided to the taper surface 57 or the guide groove 58 by this rotation, and can be guided to the feeding groove 1.

  As described above, seeds are fitted to each feeding groove 1 by the rotation of the feeding roll 2 and fed out. The feeding groove 1 of the feeding roll 2 in this spot seeding form is formed on the rotating circumferential surface of the feeding roll 2. Seeds that are intermittently or partially formed with appropriate intervals but are not directly fitted into the feeding groove 1 are tapered surfaces 57 on the sides of these feeding grooves 1 or guide grooves. It is guided by 58, and it becomes easy to be fitted into the inside of the feeding groove 1, so that each feeding groove 1 can be filled and maintained at a constant feeding amount to perform the spotting action.

  Next, based on mainly FIG. 8, FIG. 9, it replaces with the said delivery roll form, and is set as the sowing apparatus 9 of an open / close funnel form. A plurality of feeding pieces 60 are arranged in a ring shape, and a ring 61 is fitted to the outer peripheral portion to form a funnel shape. Each feeding piece 60 is formed with an upper end edge 62 and a lower end edge 63 bent inward at both upper and lower ends, and the intermediate portion is curved in an arc shape inward. For this reason, the upper edge 62 and the lower edge 63 are alternately opened and closed by moving the ring 61 fitted to the outer periphery of the feeding piece 60 upward (FIG. 8) and downward (FIG. 9). Can do. When the ring 61 is moved down (FIG. 9), the upper edge 62 is opened to facilitate seed inflow from the upper side, and the lower edge 61 is closed to accurately hold the seed. At the time of sowing, by moving the ring 61 upward (FIG. 8), the upper end edge 62 is closed, the seed inflow is stopped, the lower end edge 63 is opened, and the seed held inside the feeding piece 60 Can be dropped and seeded. Such a seeding device 9 is provided so as to be placed on the lower end of the seeding pipe 35 and the like, and the ring 61 is lifted and lowered by a lifting mechanism so as to be seeded on the soil surface.

  Next, based on mainly FIGS. 10 to 13, as a form of the feeding roll 2 for feeding and sowing seeds coated with the calper (coating material having iron content), a magnet 65 is provided on the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll 2. Is constructed so that the seeds are attracted to the magnet 65 and the feeding action is performed (FIG. 10). A scraping plate 66 is slidably brought into contact with the lower discharge chamber 50 of the feeding roll 2 so that seeds attached to the magnet 65 of the feeding roll 2 can be dropped into the discharge chamber 65 for seeding. . The magnet 65 is in the form of an electromagnet that is attracted by the energizing coil 67. While the magnets 65 are rotated from the feeding chamber 46 to the discharge chamber 50 by the rotation of the feeding roll 2, the energization of the coil 67 is turned on. By adsorbing and feeding and rotating and positioning in the discharge chamber 50, the energization of the coil 67 is turned off, and the adsorbing force is released so as to drop and seed the seed (FIG. 11). The roll shaft 33 is provided with a potentiometer 68 to turn off the coil 67 when each magnet 65 is positioned in the discharge chamber 50 directly below.

  Alternatively, the magnet 65 may be provided at the bottom of each feeding groove 1 of the feeding roll 2 (FIG. 12). Further, the magnet 65 in each feeding groove 1 is fitted into the feeding groove 1 as an interlocking structure (FIG. 13) so that it is pushed out through the cam 70 around the roll shaft 33 and the rod 69 by this cam 70. It is also possible to adopt a form (FIG. 13) in which the seeds fed out are extruded and discharged in the discharge chamber 50.

  Next, mainly based on FIG. 3 and FIG. 14, in the grooved plate 71 provided between the rear end portions of the floats 31, a mud hole 73 for mud is formed in the left and right outer side plates 72. The mud pushing resistance due to the propulsion of the grooved plate 71 is reduced. The grooving plate 71 forms a groove with an appropriate depth between the left and right sowing soil surfaces that are leveled by each floro 31, and a grooving portion 74 having a V-shaped cross section at the center and the left and right outer sides. And an outer plate 72 provided on the outside by forming a mud draining portion 75 at an appropriate interval, and guiding mud mud pushed to the left and right sides of the groove portion formed by the groove cutting portion 74 to the mud muting portion 75 portion. Can be pulled out to the rear side. At this time, since the mud guided by the left and right outer plates 72 partially flows out from the mud hole 73, the amount of mud moving to the rear end of the mud part 75 is reduced, The grooving resistance can be reduced, and the amount of mud pushing on the sowing soil surface on the left and right sides can be reduced.

  Next, mainly based on FIG. 15, the air suction cylinder 78 connected to the air suction port 77 of the blower 36 is communicated with the engine room 14 and the outside air chamber 79, and the switching valve 80 is provided at these branch portions. By switching the switching valve 80, it is possible to switch so that the high temperature air in the engine room 14 is supplied to the blower 36 or the low temperature outside air is supplied to the blower 36. This switching control is switched via the controller 82 by a sensor 81 that detects the outside air temperature or the outside air humidity. The blower port 83 of the blower 36 is a transport cylinder 84 that transports seeds or fertilizers fed by the feed roll 2 or the feed roll 44, and always maintains a smooth transport action regardless of changes in temperature, humidity, and the like. It is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seeding groove 2 Feeding roll 3 Feeding cover 4 Outer cover 5 Feeding edge 6 Tip edge 53 Jet nozzle 57 Tapered surface 58 Guide groove

Claims (3)

  A feeding roll (2) formed with a feeding groove (1) for fitting seeds on the rotating peripheral surface is mounted, and seeds fitted in each feeding groove (1) are fed by rotation of the feeding roll (2). In the seeding machine for spot seeding, the feeding cover (3) that repels along the feeding-side rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll (2) so as to cover the groove portion of the feeding groove (1), and the feeding cover (3 ) And an outer cover (4) for restricting the outward opening of the feeding cover (3), and a feeding edge (5) on the tip side of the outer cover (4) A feeding device, characterized in that the feeding device is provided closer to the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll (2) than the front edge (6) of the cover (3).   A fountain nozzle (53) for blowing air toward the portion of the feeding groove (1) after feeding the seed by rotation of the feeding roll (2) is provided, and cleaning around the residue in each feeding groove (1). The feeding device of the seeder according to claim 1, wherein:   A taper surface (57) inclined downward toward the feeding groove (1) or a guide groove (58) moving toward the feeding groove (58) is formed on the rotating peripheral surface of the feeding roll (2). Then, the rotation of the feeding roll (2) guides the seed to the tapered surface (57) or the guide groove (58) and guides the seed to the feeding groove (1). The seeding machine feeding device described.

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