JP2018033378A - Fertilization apparatus for agricultural vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an application amount of a fertilizer stored in a fertilizer tank from becoming unstable at the time of beginning the fertilizer scattering, in a fertilization apparatus for an agricultural vehicle for scattering the fertilizer to a farm field.SOLUTION: A fertilization apparatus for an agricultural vehicle for scattering a fertilizer to a farm field by a constant quantity delivering device 73 disposed in a fertilizer exit 202 of a fertilization device 5 to be carried by the agricultural vehicle is characterized in that supply adjusting guide plates 60b and 60c for blocking a fertilizer drop into the fertilizer exit 202 are disposed in a fertilizer hopper 60 for storing the fertilizer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a fertilizer application device for a farm vehicle such as a fertilizer sprayer for spraying granular fertilizer on a field and a seedling transplanter for spraying granular fertilizer simultaneously with seedling planting work.

  Conventionally, fertilizers for farm vehicles such as seedling transplanters have a granular fertilizer stored in a fertilizer tank provided on a traveling vehicle body, and a predetermined amount of fertilizer is supplied to the fertilizer spreader by a feed roll provided at the discharge port of the fertilizer tank. It is made to spray around a seedling (for example, refer patent documents 1 and 2).

JP 2010-263913 A JP, 2014-230519, A

  When starting fertilizer spraying with a fertilizer applicator for farm vehicles, it is necessary to store as much fertilizer as possible in the fertilizer tank so that it is not necessary to replenish the fertilizer during the work. Since the entire weight is directly applied to the feeding roll at the discharge port, a large amount of fertilizer acts heavily on the feeding roll at the start of spraying, and the rotation load of the feeding roll is large and the rotation fluctuates, so the feeding amount is too small. Too much fertilizer can change, resulting in a shortage of fertilizer and excessive fertilizer, which can adversely affect crop growth.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to prevent an application amount from becoming unstable at the start of fertilizer application in a fertilizer application for a farm vehicle for applying fertilizer stored in a fertilizer tank to a field.

  The above conventional problem is solved by the following technical means.

  Invention of Claim 1 accumulates fertilizer in the fertilizer of the agricultural vehicle which spreads fertilizer to a field with the fixed_quantity | feed_rate delivery apparatus (73) provided in the fertilizer exit (202) of the fertilizer (5) mounted in an agricultural vehicle. A fertilizer for agricultural vehicles is provided with a supply adjustment guide plate (60b, 60c) for blocking fertilizer dropping to the fertilizer outlet (202) inside the fertilizer hopper (60).

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that a plurality of supply adjustment guide plates (60b, 60c) inclined downward are provided, and the fertilizer passage interval at the lower end of each supply guide plate (60b, 60c) can be adjusted. The fertilizer for farm vehicles according to Item 1.

  Invention of Claim 3 made the lowest end of the supply adjustment guide plate (60b) on the inclination part (201) which goes to the fertilizer exit (202) of a fertilizer hopper (60), It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The fertilizer application for agricultural vehicles described in 1.

  In the invention according to claim 4, the fixed amount feeding device (73) is a feeding roll (73A, 73B), and an inclined portion (201) that is inclined inward of a fertilizer hopper (60) that receives fertilizer from the supply adjustment guide plate (60b). 4) and the rotation direction of the feed rolls (73A, 73B) provided at the fertilizer outlet (202) are made to coincide with each other.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the fertilizer stored in the fertilizer hopper 60 is received by the supply adjustment guide plates 60b and 60c, and the fertilizer weight pressure at the fertilizer outlet 202 is dispersed. Smooth rotation is maintained without applying an overload to the device 73, and fluctuations in the spraying amount at the start of spraying are prevented.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the fertilizer supplied to the fertilizer hopper 60 flows to the fertilizer outlet 202 through the lower ends of the plurality of downwardly inclined supply adjustment guide plates 60b, 60c. However, by adjusting the lower end interval of each of the supply guide plates 60b and 60c, the amount of fertilizer flowing in the fertilizer quantitative feeding device 73 of different types can be adjusted, and the feeding amount is stabilized.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 2, the fertilizer flowing from the lowermost end of the supply adjustment guide plate 60 b is received by the inclined portion 201 and supplied to the fixed amount feeding device 73. Since the weight of the fertilizer on the supply adjustment guide plate 60b is not directly applied to the quantitative feeding device 73, the rotation of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B is stable and the feeding amount does not vary.

  According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 3, the flow of fertilizer supplied from the inclined portion 201 of the fertilizer hopper 60 to the feeding rolls 73A, 73B hinders the rotation of the feeding rolls 73A, 73B. Instead, it rotates lightly and the feeding amount is stabilized.

It is a side view of the riding type seedling transplanter which is one Example of a farm work vehicle. It is a top view of a riding type seedling transplanter. It is a rear view of the support structure of a leveling rotor. It is explanatory drawing of the drive part of a leveling rotor. It is principal part sectional drawing of a fertilizer applicator. It is a perspective view of a hopper shutter lower part. It is a side view which shows the partial cross section of a fertilizer application. It is a side view which shows the partial cross section of the clutch mechanism of a feeding member. FIG. 9A is a rear view of the fertilizer applicator, FIG. 9A is a rear view in which the fertilizer recovery pipe portion is omitted, and FIG. 9B is a rear view in which the transmission relationship is omitted. It is a top view of a fertilizer application equipment.

  Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a riding seedling transplanter with a fertilizer application device which is a work vehicle capable of performing fertilization will be described.

  In order to facilitate understanding of the following description, in the drawings, the front-rear direction is the X-axis direction, the left-right direction is the Y-axis direction, the up-down direction is the Z-axis direction, and arrows X, -X, Y, -Y, The directions or sides indicated by Z and -Z are the front, rear, right, left, upper, lower, or front, rear, right, left, upper, and lower sides, respectively. It is not what limits.

  In the figure, “•” in “○” means an arrow heading from the back of the page to the front, and “×” in “○” is the front of the page. It means an arrow pointing from the back to the back.

  In addition, in the description using the following drawings, illustrations other than members necessary for the description are omitted as appropriate for easy understanding.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a riding seedling transplanting machine as an embodiment using the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the riding seedling transplanting machine as an embodiment using the present invention.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the riding seedling transplanter 1 has a seedling planting portion 4 mounted on the rear side of the traveling vehicle body 2 via a lifting link device 3 so as to be lifted and lowered.

  The traveling vehicle body 2 is a four-wheel drive vehicle including a pair of left and right front wheels 10 and 10 and a pair of left and right rear wheels 11 and 11 as drive wheels, and a transmission case 12 is disposed at the front of the fuselage. Front wheel final cases 13, 13 are provided on the left and right sides of the case 12, and the left and right front wheels are mounted on the left and right front wheel axles projecting outward from the respective front wheel support portions capable of changing the steering direction of the left and right front wheel final cases 13, 13. 10 and 10 are respectively attached.

  Further, a seedling planting portion 4 is mounted on the rear side of the traveling vehicle body 2 so as to be movable up and down via a lifting link device 3, and a main body portion of the fertilizer application device 5 is provided on the upper rear portion of the traveling vehicle body 2.

  Further, the front end portion of the main frame 15 is fixed to the rear portion of the transmission case 12, and a rear wheel rolling shaft (not shown) provided horizontally in the front and rear at the center of the rear end of the main frame 15 is used as a fulcrum. The rear wheel gear cases 18 and 18 are supported in a freely rolling manner, and the rear wheels 11 and 11 are attached to a rear wheel axle 11a that protrudes outward from the rear wheel gear cases 18 and 18.

  The engine 20 is mounted on the main frame 15, and the rotational power of the engine 20 is transmitted to the transmission case 12 via a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (HST) 23 and the like. The rotational power transmitted to the mission case 12 is shifted by a transmission in the case 12 and then separated into traveling power and external power to be extracted.

  A part of the traveling power is transmitted to the front wheel final cases 13 and 13 to drive the front wheels 10 and 10, and the rest is transmitted to the rear wheel gear cases 18 and 18 to drive the rear wheels 11 and 11. Further, the external take-out power is transmitted to a planting clutch (not shown) provided at the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 2 and then transmitted to the seedling planting unit 4 by a planting transmission shaft.

  A seat 31 is installed at the top of the engine 20. A front cover 32 incorporating various operation mechanisms is provided in front of the seat 31, and a handle 34 for steering the front wheels 10 and 10 is provided above the front cover 32. The left and right sides of the lower end of the front cover 32 are horizontal floor steps 35. The floor step 35 is provided with a number of holes (see FIG. 2), and mud on the shoe of the worker walking through the step 35 falls to the field. The rear portion of the floor step 35 is a rear step 36 that also serves as a rear wheel fender.

  In addition, on the left and right sides of the front part of the traveling vehicle body 2, a spare seedling stage 38 on which supplementary seedlings are placed may be provided. The elevating link device 3 has a parallel link configuration, and includes one upper link 40 and a pair of left and right lower links 41, 41. These links 40, 41, 41 are pivotally attached to a rear-view portal-shaped link base frame 42 erected on the rear end of the main frame 15, and a vertical link 43 is connected to the tip side thereof. ing.

  And the connecting shaft 44 rotatably supported by the seedling planting part 4 is inserted and connected to the lower end part of the vertical link 43, and the seedling planting part 4 is connected so as to be able to roll around the connecting shaft 44. An elevating hydraulic cylinder 46 is provided between a support member fixed to the main frame 15 and a tip of a swing arm (not shown) integrally formed with the upper link 40, and the cylinder 46 is expanded and contracted hydraulically. As a result, the upper link 40 rotates up and down, and the seedling planting part 4 moves up and down while maintaining a substantially constant posture.

  The seedling planting section 4 has a four-row planting structure, a transmission case 50 that also serves as a frame, a mat seedling, and a left and right reciprocating motion to supply seedlings one by one to the seedling outlets 51a,. When all the seedlings for one horizontal row are supplied to the seedling outlet 51a,..., The seedlings are fed to the seedling stage 51, the seedling outlet 51a,. A seedling planting device 52 for planting seedlings in a farm field, and a pair of left and right drawing markers (not shown) for drawing the aircraft path in the next process to the topsoil surface are provided. In the lower part of the seedling planting part 4, a center float 55 is provided in the center, and side floats 56, 56 are provided on the left and right sides thereof.

  When these floats 55, 56, 56 are grounded on the mud surface of the field, the aircraft moves forward, and the floats 55, 56, 56 slide while leveling the mud surface. Seedlings are planted by. Each of the floats 55, 56, and 56 is rotatably attached so that the front end side thereof moves up and down according to the unevenness of the soil surface of the field, and the vertical movement of the front part of the center float 55 is a float inclination angle sensor during planting work. The planting depth of the seedling is always maintained constant by switching the hydraulic valve that controls the lifting hydraulic cylinder 46 according to the detection result to raise and lower the seedling planting unit 4. To do.

  The seedling planting unit 4 is provided with a leveling rotor 27 which is an example of a leveling device and includes a center rotor 27b and a pair of left and right side rotors 27a and 27a. The seedling stage 51 is configured to slide in the left-right direction using the support roller 65a (FIG. 1) of the rectangular support frame 65 that is full in the left-right direction and the up-down direction to support the entire seedling planting unit 4 as a rail. is there.

  The fertilizer applicator 5 feeds the granular fertilizer stored in a fertilizer hopper 60 as an example of a storage unit by a fixed amount by a feeding unit 61,..., And the fertilizer is floated by a fertilizer hose 62,. Guided to fertilizer application guides (not shown) attached to the left and right sides of 56, 56, and so on, and seedling planting by a grooved body 64 (FIG. 1) provided on the front side of the fertilizer guides,. It falls into a fertilizer groove formed near the side of the strip. The air generated by the blower 67 (FIG. 1) driven by the blower electric motor 53 is blown into the fertilizer hose 62,... Via the air chamber 68 that is long in the left-right direction, and the fertilizer hose 62,. The fertilizer inside is forcibly conveyed by wind pressure.

  Details of the fertilizer applicator 5 will be described later.

  FIG. 3 is a rear view of the ground leveling rotor support structure, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the drive unit of the leveling rotor.

  The rotor driving unit includes a beam member 106 whose upper ends are rotatably supported by both side members 65b of the support frame 65 of the seedling stage 51, a support arm 107 fixed to both ends of the beam member 106, and the support. A rotor support frame 108 that is rotatably attached to the arm 107 is provided. Further, a rotor raising / lowering motor 63 (FIG. 3) is provided on the axial extension line of the beam member 106. At the lower end of the rotor support frame 108, the center of the leveling rotor 27 and a pair of left and right drive shafts 105a and 105b are attached. Further, the vicinity of the lower end portion of the rotor support frame 108 is connected to a connecting member 111 (FIG. 1) that is rotatably attached to the transmission case 50.

  If the sensor 110 a of the saddle clutch lever 14 is actuated by operating the saddle clutch lever 14, the control unit 100 drives the rotor lifting / lowering motor 63 and moves the rotor support frame 108 up and down via the support arm 107. Further, in place of the rotor lifting / lowering motor 63 shown in FIG. 3, the support arm 107 is rotated in the front-rear direction by operating the rotor height adjusting lever 109 (FIG. 1) supported by the support arm 107, so that the rotor support frame 108 is moved. It may be moved up and down.

  The link mechanism 3 that allows the seedling planting part 4 to move up and down is mounted on the link base frame 42, and the attachment fulcrum of the link mechanism 3 to the link base frame 42 is arranged on the front side of the vehicle body from the axle 11 a of the rear wheel 11. As a result, when the seedling planting part 4 is raised, the seedling planting part 4 rises while retracting, so that the leveling transmission shafts 112a and 112b are connected or disconnected by raising and lowering the seedling planting part 4. Therefore, since the leveling rotor 27 can be operated when the seedling planting part 4 becomes a predetermined height or less, the leveling rotor 27 can be used at the start and end of turning, at the start and end of the seedling planting work, and the like. The operation efficiency and operability are improved as compared with the conventional method.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the center rotor 27 b located in front of the center float 55 in relation to the arrangement position with the floats 55 and 56 is arranged in front of the side rotor 27 a located in front of the side float 56. Therefore, power to the drive shaft 105a of the left side rotor 27a is transmitted from a gear (not shown) in the rear wheel gear case 18 through the leveling shaft 112 or the like. Further, power is transmitted to the central drive shaft 105b of the center rotor 27b from the end of the side drive shaft 105a of the left side rotor 27a on the inner side of the vehicle body, and the right side drive shaft 105a is provided inside the rotor transmission shaft case 113. Power is transmitted via a drive chain (not shown).

  The center rotor 27 b is suspended by a pair of link members 116 and 117 whose upper ends are supported by the beam member 106 via a reinforcing member 114 that bridges the rotor transmission shaft case 113 via a spring 118.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the pair of link members 116, 117 has a first link member 116 whose one end is fixedly supported by the beam member 106, and one end pivotable at the other end of the first link member 116. It consists of the connected 2nd link member 117, Between the other end part of this 2nd link member 117, and the attachment piece 114a (refer FIG. 4) supported by the reinforcement member 114 which bridges both rotor transmission shaft cases 113 The spring 118 is connected.

  By the operation of the rotor lifting / lowering motor 63, the beam member 106 is rotated in the direction in which the first link member 116 is rotated upward. As the beam member 106 is rotated, the beam member 106 is rotated via the rotor support frame 108. The center rotor 27b suspended by the link member 116, the second link member 117, and the spring 118 can be raised upward. When the center rotor 27b is moved upward, the pair of side rotors 27a and 27a are simultaneously moved upward via the rotor drive shaft 105b.

  In the present embodiment, the leveling rotor 27 at a height of 40 mm from the farm scene at the standard position can be raised up to 15 mm from the standard position by the rotation of the rotor lifting / lowering motor 63, and the rotor lifting / lowering motor 63 is rotated in the reverse direction. Is set to be 15 mm lower than the standard position.

  As shown in FIG. 3, since the leveling rotor 27 can be moved up and down by the rotor lifting / lowering motor 63, the beam member 106 is used when planting seedlings while leveling the edge with the leveling rotor 27. Switching from the working state of the leveling rotor 27 that allows the shaft of the rotor to be rotated to the stored state of the leveling rotor 27 is automatically performed by the rotor lifting motor 63 in conjunction with the ascent of the seedling planting unit 4. Can do.

  Since the leveling rotor 27b is supported by the seedling planting part 4 via a spring 118 or the like so as to escape from the lower links 41 and 41 of the lifting link device 3 when the seedling planting part 4 is raised, the center rotor 27b is It is supported by the seedling planting part 4 with flexibility.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the fertilizer application apparatus of Example 1.

  Hereinafter, the structure of each part of the fertilizer application apparatus shown in FIGS.

  The fertilizer hopper 60 is shared by each strip, and a lid 60a that can be opened and closed is attached to the top. The lower part of the fertilizer hopper 60 is divided into several fertilizer strips and has a funnel shape with an inclined part 201 that inclines in the front-rear direction as it goes downward, and the lower part is connected to the upper ends of the feeding parts 61. Has been.

  The fertilizer hopper 60 is provided with a first supply adjustment guide plate 60b which is inclined toward the lower inclined portion 201 with a fertilizer fall gap from the front inner wall 200, and a fertilizer fall gap is provided from the rear inner wall 199. A second supply adjustment guide plate 60c that is inclined downward toward the one supply adjustment guide plate 60b is provided.

  Although the downward inclination angle of the first supply adjustment guide plate 60b and the second supply adjustment guide plate 60c is preferably equal to or greater than the repose angle at which the fertilizer slides, it may be less than the repose angle because it is easy to slip due to vibration of the traveling vehicle body 2.

  The first supply adjustment guide plate 60b extends beyond the fertilizer outlet 202 and onto the rear inclined portion 201, so that the fertilizer sliding down the rear inclined portion 201 flows in the rotation direction RA of the following feeding rolls 73A and 73B. The predetermined amount of fertilizer can be fed without hindering the rotation of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B.

  Further, the first supply adjustment guide plate 60b and the second supply adjustment guide plate 60c are respectively moved forward and backward in each fertilizer hopper 60 in order to change the gap between the inclined portion 201 and the first supply adjustment guide plate 60b. If it is possible to move to the position or change the vertical inclination angle, it becomes possible to adjust the discharge according to the type of fertilizer and the wetness. Note that the gap may be narrowed even when the gap is too wide and a lot of fertilizer flows to the fertilizer outlet 202 and becomes clogged.

  Further, when the fertilizer hopper 60 is shallow, only the first supply adjustment guide plate 60b may be used. However, when the fertilizer hopper 60 is deep, it is parallel to the first supply adjustment guide plate 60b on the second supply adjustment guide plate 60c. It is preferable to increase the number of supply adjustment guide plates such as providing a third supply adjustment guide plate.

  In addition, the first supply adjustment guide plate 60b and the second supply adjustment guide plate 60c may be configured such that not a wide plate but a narrow plate are arranged with a fertilizer fall gap therebetween. Then, the fertilizer may fall from the plate due to the vibration of the aircraft.

  At the lower end of the inclined portion 201, a fertilizer outlet 202 is formed as an example of an outlet through which the granular material accommodated in the fertilizer hopper 60 flows out. A bent portion 203 that bends downward is formed at the lower end of the inclined portion 201 corresponding to the edge of the fertilizer outlet 202. An inner seal 204 as an example of a first sealing portion is supported at the lower end of the bent portion 203. The inner seal 204 is made of an elastic body that can be expanded and contracted, and can be made of a conventionally known sealing member such as rubber or urethane foam.

  The inclined portion 201 is formed with support legs 206 as an example of a supported portion that extends downward on both sides of the bent portion 203 in the front-rear direction. An outer seal 207 as an example of a second sealing portion is supported at the lower end of the support leg 206. The outer seal 207 is made of an elastic body, like the inner seal 204. The outer seal 207 contacts the upper end of the feeding unit 61 in a state where the fertilizer hopper 60 is attached to the feeding unit 61 and seals the inside from the outside.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a lower portion of the hopper shutter according to the first embodiment.

  5 and 6, a rotating shaft 208 that penetrates the fertilizer hopper 60 in the left-right direction is rotatably supported at the lower portion of the fertilizer hopper 60. A hopper shutter 209 that opens and closes the fertilizer outlet 202 is supported on the rotary shaft 208. The hopper shutter 209 has a pair of left and right fan-shaped arms 211. In the arm portion 211, the central portion of the fan is rotatably supported by the rotation shaft 208 on the left and right outside of the inclined portion 201. The lower ends of the arm portions 211 are connected by a shutter main body 212 extending in the left-right direction. The shutter main body 212 according to the first embodiment is configured by a partially cylindrical plate with the rotation shaft 208 as the center.

  The arm 211 is connected to one end of a shutter opening / closing rod 213 as an example of a shutter opening / closing operation unit. Therefore, by moving the shutter opening / closing rod 213 in the front-rear direction, the hopper shutter 209 moves around the rotation shaft 208 between the open position indicated by the solid line and the closed position indicated by the two-dot chain line, and the fertilizer outlet 202 Is opened and closed. In the first embodiment, one shutter opening / closing rod 213 is set for each hopper shutter 209.

  Therefore, by providing the hopper shutter 209, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer from moving to the feeding portion 61 except during the fertilization work. Therefore, fertilizer more than the set amount is prevented from being applied at the start of the fertilization work, and poor growth due to waste of fertilizer or excessive fertilizer is prevented.

  Further, since the shape of the lower surface of the hopper shutter 209 is the same as the shape of the fertilizer outlet 202, when the hopper shutter 209 is closed, there is a gap between the hopper shutter 209 and the fertilizer outlet 202 (the edge). It can be prevented from occurring. Therefore, it can suppress that fertilizer etc. leak through a clearance gap by the vibration at the time of driving | running | working, it is prevented that the leaked fertilizer etc. accumulates in the feeding part 61, and can perform fertilization according to a set amount.

  Further, since the hopper shutter 209 according to the first embodiment is held between the inner seal 204 and the outer seal 207 when moved to the open position, the hopper shutter 209 is retracted to a position where the fertilizer outlet 202 is not blocked. Can be made. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer and the like from being supplied on the upper surface of the hopper shutter 209 and to stably supply the fertilizer.

  Further, in the open position, the hopper shutter 209 is held inside the outer seal 207 to prevent the hopper shutter 209 from being exposed to the outside. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer spilled from the fertilizer hopper 60, mud splashing during operation, and the like from adhering to the hopper shutter 209.

  Further, when the hopper shutter 209 is moved to the closed position, it is held between the inner seals 204, so that a minute gap is filled by elastic deformation of the inner seal 204, and the generation of the gap is further suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the leaked fertilizer and the like from being accumulated in the feeding portion 61 and perform fertilization according to the set amount.

  Further, the hopper shutter 209 of the first embodiment is provided with a shutter opening / closing rod 213, and the supply of fertilizer can be switched for each strip. Therefore, it can adapt to various work environments, and the adaptability of work improves.

  In the first embodiment, the arm portion 211 is rotatably supported on the rotating shaft 208, and the shutter opening / closing rod 213 is provided on each arm portion 211 so that the hopper shutter 209 is opened and closed for each line. It is not limited to this. For example, all the arm portions 211 are fixedly supported on a rotation shaft 208 as an example of a connecting member, the rotation shaft 208 is rotatably supported on the fertilizer hopper 60, and a shutter opening / closing rod 213 is provided on one arm portion 211. Thus, by operating one shutter opening / closing rod 213, all the hopper shutters 209 can be opened and closed simultaneously. The shutter opening / closing rod 213 is not limited to the structure supported by the arm portion 211, and can be supported at an arbitrary position such as the rotation shaft 208.

  Further, for example, by installing three sets of configurations in which two hopper shutters 209 are fixed to one rotating shaft 208 and one shutter opening / closing rod 213 is provided, by operating one shutter opening / closing rod 213, 2 The two hopper shutters 209 can be configured to open and close simultaneously.

  In this way, when a configuration in which a plurality of hopper shutters 209 are opened and closed by operating one shutter opening / closing rod 213 is employed, it takes time to switch the supply of fertilizer and the like as compared to the case where the operation is performed individually. Therefore, the work efficiency can be improved and the amount of extra fertilizer consumed can be reduced.

  Moreover, since it becomes easy to close the hopper shutter 209 in the section where fertilization is not required and open the hopper shutter 209 only in the section where fertilization is required, consumption of excess fertilizer is suppressed, and poor growth of crops due to excessive fertilizer. And deterioration of quality is prevented.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the fertilizer application device of Example 1. The fertilizer hopper 60 is attached to two left and right rotating arms 71 supported by a fertilization frame 70 that is long in the left-right direction. The lower end portion of the rotating arm 71 is rotated backward with the fulcrum as a fulcrum so that it can be separated from the feeding portions 61.

  The rotating arm 71 is disposed between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion from the outside (two are provided at symmetrical positions).

  At both left and right ends of the fertilizer hopper 60, protrusions 221 projecting outward in the left and right directions are formed. Further, a retaining plate 222 as an example of a pair of left and right attachment / detachment support portions is supported on the upper end portion of the fertilizer application frame 70 that supports the fertilizer hopper 60 in correspondence with the protrusions 221. A retaining groove 223 as an example of an L-shaped groove is formed in the retaining plate 222. The retaining groove 223 has a first hole 223a extending in the vertical direction from the upper end, and a second hole 223b extending forward from the first hole 223a. Each hole part 223a, 223b is larger than the diameter of the projection part 221, and has a width | variety through which the projection part 221 can pass.

  Therefore, when the fertilizer hopper 60 rotates around the lower end of the rotating arm 71, the protrusion 221 is configured to be able to pass along the L-shaped retaining groove 223.

  A lock lock 224 as an example of a restraining member is formed at the rear end of the fertilizer application frame 70. The lock lock 224 has a lock arm 226 extending upward from the fertilizer application frame 70. The lower end of the lock arm 226 is rotatably supported by the fertilizer application frame 70, and the upper end of the lock arm 226 is configured to be able to contact the front outer surface of the fertilizer hopper 60. A screw spring (not shown) is attached to the lower end of the lock arm 226, and the lock arm 226 is urged rearward by the screw spring.

  Therefore, when the fertilizer hopper 60 is mounted on the feeding portion 61, the lock arm 226 contacts the outer surface of the fertilizer hopper 60 and pushes the fertilizer hopper 60 forward. Therefore, the protrusion 221 supported by the fertilizer hopper 60 is held in a state of being pushed in the direction toward the back of the second hole 223b. Therefore, the fertilizer hopper 60 is prevented from rotating and moving in the direction (upward) in which the fertilizer hopper 60 is detached from the feeding portion 61 and dropped. Therefore, the fertilizer hopper 60 can be fixed to the feeding portion 61, and the fertilizer hopper 60 can be prevented from shaking or rotating during operation, and the amount of fertilizer applied can be increased or decreased, or fertilizer can spill out. It is prevented.

  Further, when the operator manually operates the lock arm 226 to release the contact with the fertilizer hopper 60, that is, after releasing the lock, the fertilizer hopper 60 is moved from the feeding portion 61 by moving along the retaining groove 223. It can be removed. At this time, since the protruding portion 221 is fitted in the second hole 223b of the retaining groove 223 only by releasing the lock, the second hole 223b is moved even if the fertilizer hopper 60 tries to move back and forth. You can only move within the range. Therefore, the fertilizer hopper 60 is restrained from freely moving back and forth, and the fertilizer is prevented from spilling out. Further, when removing the fertilizer hopper 60 from the feeding portion 61, it is only necessary to release the lock and move it along the retaining groove 223, and no tool or the like is required, so that the fertilizer hopper 60 can be easily attached and detached. Work efficiency and maintainability are also improved.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the feeding unit 61 incorporates two feeding rolls 73 </ b> A and 73 </ b> B that are fixed quantity feeding devices 73 that feed a predetermined amount of fertilizer downward. These feeding rolls 73A, 73B are rotating bodies having groove-shaped recesses 74,... Formed on the outer peripheral portion, and are provided with a rectangular shaft portion 75a of a common feeding shaft 75 provided in the left-right direction (in the illustrated example, a square shaft). ) So as to rotate together.

  When the feeding rolls 73A and 73B rotate in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8, the fertilizer dropped and supplied from the fertilizer hopper 60 is accommodated in the recess 74 and fed downward. The fertilizer paid out by both the feeding rolls 73A and 73B is discharged from the feeding outlet 61a at the lower end.

  The number of the concave portions 74 of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B in the illustrated example is six, and the phases of the concave portions 74 are different from each other. For this reason, the concave portions of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B alternately feed the fertilizer, and the amount of the fertilizer discharged from the feeding outlet 61a is equalized in terms of time. By removing any one of the feeding rolls 73A or 73B from the feeding shaft 75 and changing the phase appropriately, the phases of the concave portions of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B can be made equal.

  This makes it possible to apply fertilizer to the field in the form of dots.

  In addition, a brush 76 slidably in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the feeding roll 73 on the side (front side) where the concave portion 74 moves downward is detachably provided inside the feeding portion 61. The fertilizer is housed in the recesses 74 of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B by the brush 76 in a state of being scraped, and the amount of fertilizer fed by the feeding rolls 73A and 73B is kept constant.

  FIG. 8 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the clutch mechanism of the feeding member of the first embodiment.

  In the feeding portion 61 of the first embodiment, a feeding gear 231 to which driving is transmitted is supported at the axial end portion of each feeding shaft 75.

  Further, a transmission shaft 232 extending in the left-right direction is disposed in the feeding portion 61 in parallel with the feeding shaft 75. Drive is transmitted from the engine 20 to the transmission shaft 232 via a gear train (not shown).

  A clutch gear 233 as an example of a clutch member is supported on the transmission shaft 232 so as to correspond to each feeding gear 231. The clutch gear 233 is supported so as to be rotatable integrally with the transmission shaft 232 and movable in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 232.

  The clutch gear 233 has a cylindrical clutch body 233a. A gear portion 233b that can mesh with the feeding gear 231 is formed on the side of the feeding gear 231 of the clutch body 233a. The clutch body 233a is formed with a disc-shaped flange 233c having a larger diameter than the clutch body 233a on the opposite side of the gear 233b with respect to the axial direction.

  Further, a disc-shaped clip 234 is fixedly supported on the transmission shaft 232 so as to face the flange portion 233 c of each clutch gear 233. A coil spring 236 as an example of an elastic member is attached between the clip 234 and the flange portion 233c. Therefore, the clutch gear 233 is pushed by the coil spring 236 in the direction of meshing with the feeding gear 231.

  One end of a clutch on / off arm 237 as an example of a clutch on / off member is rotatably connected to the clutch body 233a of the clutch gear 233. The clutch on / off arm 237 is supported by the feeding portion 61 so as to be rotatable about the rotation shaft 237a.

  The other end of the clutch on / off arm 237 is connected to an interlocking arm 238 as an example of a connecting member. In the first embodiment, the other end of the clutch on / off arm 237 is connected to a long hole 238a formed in the interlocking arm 238 and extending in the left-right direction, and has play in the left-right direction.

  Further, the interlock arm 238 of the first embodiment is connected to the other ends of two adjacent clutch on / off arms 237.

  The clutch on / off arm 237 and the interlocking arm 238 constitute the clutch link mechanism 240 of the first embodiment. In addition, one end of a wire-shaped clutch harness 239 as an example of a clutch operation member is connected to the end of the interlocking arm 238 in the left-right direction.

  Therefore, when the operator pulls the clutch harness 239, the clutch gear 233 moves from the transmission position indicated by the one-dot chain line to the non-transmission position indicated by the solid line via the clutch link mechanism 240. Accordingly, the clutch gear 233 is disengaged from the feeding gear 231. Therefore, the driving of the transmission shaft 232 is not transmitted to the feeding gear 231 and the feeding rolls 73A and 73B do not rotate.

  When the operator releases the clutch harness 239, the clutch spring 236 is pushed by the coil spring 236, and the clutch gear 233 moves from the non-transmission position indicated by the solid line to the transmission position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line. Therefore, the clutch gear 233 meshes with the feeding gear 231. Therefore, the driving of the transmission shaft 232 is transmitted to the feeding gear 231 and the feeding rolls 73A and 73B rotate.

  Therefore, in Example 1, since the rotational driving force of the plurality of feeding rolls 73A and 73B can be turned on and off simultaneously by operating one clutch harness 239, the operability is improved and unnecessary fertilizer is supplied. And fertilizer consumption is reduced. Further, compared to the case where the clutch harness 239 is individually provided in the clutch gear 233, the interlocking arm 238 is shared, and the number of parts can be reduced.

  In the first embodiment, the configuration in which two clutch gears 233 are interlocked with one interlocking arm 238 is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which three or more clutch gears 233 are interlocked is also possible. .

  9 is a rear view of the fertilizer application apparatus of Example 1, FIG. 9A is a rear view in which the fertilizer recovery pipe portion is omitted, and FIG. 9B is a rear view in which the transmission relationship is omitted. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the fertilizer application apparatus according to the first embodiment.

  5 and 9, a connecting pipe 80 communicating in the front-rear direction is connected to the outlet 61 a of the feeding portion 61. A fertilization hose 62 is connected to the rear end of the connection pipe 80. Since the lower end portion of the fertilizer frame 70 is engaged with the outer peripheral spiral groove of the fertilizer hose 62, the fertilizer hose 62 is difficult to come off from the connection pipe 80. On the other hand, the front end portion of each connection pipe 80 is inserted and connected to the back surface portion of the air chamber 68.

  9, the left end portion of the air chamber 68 is connected to a blower 67 via an air switching pipe 81, and the air from the blower 67 passes through the air chamber 68 and is connected to a fertilizer hose 62 (FIG. 1). It comes to be blown into.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, an air switching pipe 81, which is a branching air path, is attached to the blower 67, and an air chamber (ventilation path) 68 is provided on one side of the air switching pipe 81. On the side, a fertilizer recovery pipe (discharge air passage) 85 that guides the granule released from the feeding unit 61 downward and sends air that prevents mud and water from entering the discharge port of the granule is provided, An air switching shutter (switching valve) 86 that changes the destination of air is arranged at a branching portion of the air switching pipe 81, and the air switching shutter 86 is configured to be switched in conjunction with the turning on / off of the feeding unit 61. .
Since the air switching shutter 86 is located in the front and rear central portion between the air chamber 68 and the fertilizer collecting pipe 85, the air supply to both is stable. The right end portion of the fertilizer collection pipe 85 is a fertilizer collection port 87.

  By adopting a configuration in which the air switching pipe 81 is operated in accordance with the working state and air is supplied to one of the air passages of the air chamber 68 and the fertilizer recovery pipe 85, removal of contaminants attached to the feeding portion 61 is eliminated. Therefore, the amount of granular material fed out by the feeding unit 61 is kept constant, so that the growth of the crop is stabilized.

  In addition, since it is possible to secure the air volume necessary to prevent mud and water from entering the granular material outlet, the granular material sticks to the mud and water adhering to the granular material outlet, and the fertilizer It is possible to prevent the supply amount and seed sowing amount from decreasing.

  By adopting a configuration in which the air switching pipe 85 is operated in accordance with the turning on / off of the feeding portion 61, the air path is sent in a necessary direction, and thus the above effect is further improved.

  The air chamber 68 is configured by alternately connecting a rubber pipe 68a to which a connecting pipe 80 is attached and a resin pipe 68b at an intermediate portion. With this configuration, the air chamber 68 can be easily disassembled and assembled, so that the maintenance with the feeding portion 61 removed as a whole is easy. If the length of the rubber tube 68a is made longer than the distance between the pair of feeding portions, the rubber tube 68a can be easily removed from the resin tube 68b.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a fertilizer discharge port 83 for taking out the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 60 is formed in the back surface portion of the feeding portion case 78. The fertilizer discharge port 83 is provided with a discharge shutter 84 that can be opened and closed with the upper end side as a fulcrum. The fertilizer discharge port 83 of each feeding part is connected to a fertilizer collecting pipe 85 that is provided behind the feeding part 61 and that is long in the left-right direction. The left end portion of the fertilizer collection pipe 85 is connected to the blower 67 through the air switching pipe 81.

  As shown in FIG. 9, if a fertilizer bag 88 can be attached to the fertilizer collection port 87, there is no possibility that the collected fertilizer will absorb moisture on a rainy day or the like. Further, since the collected fertilizer is not received on the ground, the fertilizer is not soiled.

  In the vicinity of the fertilizer recovery port 87, a fertilizer recovery lever 90 is rotatably provided. The fertilizer recovery lever 90 is configured to be able to open and close the discharge shutter 84 and the air switching shutter 86 via an interlocking mechanism (not shown) according to an operation. In addition, since the structure of the fertilizer collection | recovery lever 90 is conventionally well-known and described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2013-22002 etc., illustration and detailed description are abbreviate | omitted.

  In the first embodiment, the air switching pipe 81 is connected to one end of a hopper blower pipe 241 that branches upward on the blower 67 side of the branch portion between the air chamber 68 and the fertilizer recovery pipe 85. The other end of the hopper blower pipe 241 is connected to the fertilizer hopper 60. An open / close valve 242 is disposed at an intermediate portion of the hopper blower pipe 241. Therefore, when the on-off valve 242 is open, the conveying air is sent from the blower 67 to the fertilizer hopper 60 via the hopper blower pipe 241. It is also possible to intermittently send the conveying air into the fertilizer hopper 60 by opening and closing the on-off valve 242 intermittently.

  Therefore, when the conveying wind from the blower 67 is sent into the fertilizer hopper 60 via the hopper blower pipe 241, the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 60 can be agitated by the flow of air and dried. In this way, the fertilizer is prevented from clogging due to its own weight or the humidity in the fertilizer hopper 60, so that the supply and discharge of the fertilizer is prevented from being delayed, the occurrence of fertilizer shortage is prevented, and the discharge of the fertilizer is prevented. Long working hours are prevented.

  Further, after the fertilizer is discharged, it is possible to discharge the fertilizer accumulated in the fertilizer hopper 60 and the fertilizer recovery pipe 85 or the air chamber 68 to be cleaned by blowing air to the fertilizer hopper 60.

  Further, the fertilizer is lifted by opening and closing the hopper blower pipe 241 by an on-off valve 242 provided at an intermediate portion of the hopper blower pipe 241 connected to the fertilizer hopper 60, thereby generating a timing at which the conveying wind does not enter the fertilizer hopper 60. Since it can prevent that it stops moving to the delivery part 61 and the fertilizer discharge port (opening part) 83, supply and discharge | emission of a fertilizer is prevented, generation | occurrence | production of a fertilizer shortage is prevented, and discharge of a fertilizer Long working hours are prevented.

  Since the hopper blower pipe 242 is configured to be branched from the air switching pipe 81, it is possible to prevent the arrangement configuration of the hopper blower pipe 242 from becoming complicated, and therefore, the fertilizer application device 5 (fertilizer hopper 60, feeding unit 61, blower 67). The configuration of the air chamber 68, the fertilizer recovery pipe 85, the hopper blower pipe 241 and the like) is simplified.

  Further, since the opening / closing valve 242 is provided in the hopper blower pipe 241, the conveying wind can be fed into the fertilizer hopper 60 while supplying fertilizer or discharging the fertilizer. There is no need to carry out the process, and the work efficiency is improved as compared with the prior art.

  In the fertilizer hopper 60, a sensor (not shown) for detecting internal humidity and a motor, a control circuit, etc. for controlling the on-off valve 242 are provided, and the on-off valve is detected when humidity (eg, 70%) exceeding a predetermined value is detected. Control may be performed to close the on-off valve 242 when 242 is opened and the humidity sensor detects humidity below the predetermined value. In addition, in order to prevent the opening / closing hunting of the on-off valve 242, the predetermined humidity at the time of opening and closing and the predetermined humidity at the time of closing may be set separately.

  Thus, by adopting a configuration in which the on-off valve 242 opens and closes according to the humidity in the fertilizer hopper 60, the conveying wind enters the fertilizer hopper 60 only when the humidity is high, expels the internal humidity, and dries the fertilizer. Therefore, the clogging of the fertilizer is prevented, the work efficiency is improved more than before, and the removal work of the fertilizer clogged in various flow paths becomes unnecessary.

  Further, when the humidity is lowered, the on-off valve 242 is closed and the conveying wind does not move, so that a sufficient amount of air is supplied for conveying the fertilizer hopper 60 to the discharge port 83 or conveying the fertilizer from the fertilizer hopper 60 to the field. Therefore, the shortage of fertilizer is prevented, the growth of the crop is improved, and the time required for the discharge of the fertilizer is shortened.

  Further, when the humidity inside the fertilizer hopper 60 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the on-off valve 242 is intermittently opened to prevent excessive transport air from entering the fertilizer hopper 60, so that the fertilizer rises and is fed out. Thus, the fertilizer can be supplied and discharged reliably and efficiently.

  Further, the fertilizer that can move the fertilizer to the field and the air chamber 68 that transports the fertilizer to the field while the humidity is higher than a predetermined value by intermittently moving the transport wind to the hopper blower pipe 241. By reliably blowing air to the collection pipe 85, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer transport force from being weakened and the fertilizer transport efficiency from decreasing.

  A humidity sensor (not shown) for detecting the humidity of the outside air is provided outside the fertilizer hopper 60, and the internal humidity and the external humidity are compared. When the difference between the two humidity becomes larger than the set value, the on-off valve It is also possible to control to operate (intermittently open and close) 242. For example, when the inside of the fertilizer hopper 60 is highly humid even if the outside air is low, naturally it is necessary to dry. On the contrary, if the inside of the fertilizer hopper 60 is low but the outside air is highly humid, the moisture enters when the fertilizer is replenished. Therefore, it is necessary to make the fertilizer more dry than usual.

  In this way, the humidity inside and outside the fertilizer hopper 60 is detected, and when the difference is large, the opening / closing valve 242 is operated so that the conveying air enters the fertilizer hopper 60 from the hopper blower pipe 241, thereby supplying the fertilizer to the field. Since it is possible to further prevent a decrease in the supply amount of the conveyance air to the fertilizer recovery pipe 85 that can discard the surplus fertilizer and the air chamber 68 to be performed, it is prevented that the conveyance air is weak and the fertilizer conveyance efficiency is lowered. The

  Furthermore, in the fertilizer applicator 5 of the first embodiment, the feeding portion 61 and the blower 67 arranged below the fertilizer hopper 60 are covered with a cover cover 251 (shown by a dotted line) as an example of a cover member. Although the cover 251 of Example 1 is comprised by the bag-shaped member, it can change arbitrarily, such as a container-shaped structure. A hot air chamber 252 is configured by an internal space surrounded by the cover cover 251. The fertilizer hose 62, the clutch harness 239, and the like are led out through the cover cover 251.

  An intake port 253 is formed at the right end of the hot air chamber 252 and an exhaust port 254 is formed at the left end.

  A branch duct 257 branched from an exhaust duct 256 extending from the engine 20 (FIG. 1) is connected to the intake port 253. The branch duct 257 is provided with a valve 258 for controlling the inflow of hot air into the branch duct and a fan 259 for sucking the hot air into the hot air chamber 252. Note that a motor (not shown) is connected to the valve 258 and is open during the fertilization operation and is closed when the fertilization operation is completed. However, a configuration of manually opening and closing may be employed. .

  Therefore, in the fertilizer application device 5 of the first embodiment, hot air is introduced into the hot air chamber 252 by the fan 259 when the valve 258 is opened. Accordingly, since the pressure inside the hot air chamber 252 is high with respect to the outside, it is possible to prevent fertilizer powder and moisture during work from entering the hot air chamber. Therefore, in the blower 67, the feeding rolls 73A, 73B, etc., it is possible to prevent malfunctions and deterioration of parts due to rust, dust, etc., and improve durability. In addition, hot air using exhaust heat from the engine 20 is introduced into the hot air chamber 252, and the drying property in the fertilizer application device 5 can be improved as compared with the prior art, and the blower 67 sucks the hot air, By supplying, it is also possible to dry the fertilizer. Further, exhaust heat from the engine 20 is forcibly sucked into the hot air chamber 252 by the fan 259, so that exhaust heat can be promoted and the cooling performance of the engine 20 can be improved. Furthermore, the hot air chamber 252 uses the exhaust heat of the engine 20 and is energy-saving compared to the case where a separate heat source is provided.

  In FIG. 5, the feeding portion case 78 is divided into a lower fixing portion 78 a and an upper separation portion 78 b by a dividing surface FF inclined forward and downward in a side view. The feeding rolls 73A and 73B and the discharge shutter 84 (fertilizer discharge port 83) are provided in the fixed portion 78a. On the other hand, the brush 76 is provided in the separation part 78b. Since the upper opening to which the fertilizer hopper 60 is connected and the outlet 61a are not divided, the airtightness of both is kept good.

  When the fertilizer hopper 60 is rotated most backward, the fertilizer hopper 60 is positioned outside the area projected in the direction in which the detachment portion 78b is detached in a side view. For this reason, the detachment part 78b can be detachable without difficulty. Further, the extension destination of the dividing surface FF is located below the upper end of the air chamber 68, and the air chamber 68 is located outside the area projected in the direction in which the separation portion 78b is detached in a side view. For this reason, it is easy to perform maintenance of the feeding rolls 73A and 73B from the traveling vehicle body 2 with the detached portion 78b removed.

  In addition, although not shown in figure, the roll or cleaning brush which meshes with the recessed part 74 of feeding roll 73A, 73B under the feeding roll 73A, 73B can be provided, and the recessed part 74 can also be cleaned.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Fertilizer 60 Fertilizer hopper 60b 1st supply adjustment guide plate 60c 2nd supply adjustment guide plate 61 Feeding part 73 Fixed quantity feeding apparatus 73A, 73B Feeding roll 201 Inclined part 202 Fertilizer exit

Claims (4)

In a fertilizer application for an agricultural vehicle that disperses fertilizer on a field with a fixed amount feeding device (73) provided at a fertilizer outlet (202) of the fertilizer application device (5) mounted on the agricultural vehicle,
A fertilizer applying device for agricultural vehicles, characterized in that a supply adjustment guide plate (60b, 60c) is provided inside the fertilizer hopper (60) for storing the fertilizer to block the fall of the fertilizer to the fertilizer outlet (202).   The farm work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the supply adjustment guide plates (60b, 60c) inclined downward are provided so that a fertilizer passage interval at a lower end of each of the supply guide plates (60b, 60c) can be adjusted. Fertilizer.   3. The agricultural vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a lowermost end of the supply adjustment guide plate (60 b) is formed on an inclined portion (201) toward the fertilizer outlet (202) of the fertilizer hopper (60). Fertilizer equipment. The fixed amount feeding device (73) is a feeding roll (73A, 73B), and a downward slope of the inclined portion (201) inclined to the inside of the fertilizer hopper (60) that receives the fertilizer from the supply adjustment guide plate (60b). The fertilizer application device for agricultural vehicles according to claim 3, wherein the direction and the rotation direction of the feeding rolls (73A, 73B) provided at the fertilizer outlet (202) are matched.

Images