JP5346414B2 - 自己免疫疾患およびアレルギー性疾患を治療するための新規組成物および方法 - Google Patents
自己免疫疾患およびアレルギー性疾患を治療するための新規組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
自己免疫疾患は、体の健康な細胞および/または組織を誤って対象とする免疫細胞によって引き起こされるあらゆる疾患である。自己免疫疾患は、米国の人口の3%に影響を及ぼし、おそらく先進工業国の人口でも同様の百分率である(Jacobson et al., Clin Immunol Immunopathol 84:223-43, 1997)。自己免疫疾患は、自己タンパク質、自己ポリペプチド、自己ペプチド、および/または他の自己分子を異常に標的にし、体内の臓器、組織、または細胞型(例えば、膵臓、脳、甲状腺または胃腸管)の傷害および/または機能不良を引き起こし、疾患の臨床的な症状発現を引き起こすTリンパ球およびBリンパ球を特徴とする(Marrack et al., Nat Med 7:899-905, 2001)。自己免疫疾患は、特定の組織に影響を及ぼす疾患ならびに多数の組織に影響を及ぼす可能性がある疾患を含む。一部の疾患に関しては、これは、一部において、自己免疫応答が、特定の組織に限定される抗原、または体内に広範に分布している抗原のいずれを対象とするかに左右され得る。組織特異的自己免疫の特徴は、単一の組織または個々の細胞型を選択的に標的とすることである。しかし、遍在する自己タンパク質を標的とするある特定の自己免疫疾患は、特定の組織にも影響を及ぼし得る。例えば、多発性筋炎では、自己免疫応答は、遍在するタンパク質ヒスチジル−tRNA合成酵素を標的とするにもかかわらず、臨床的な症状発現は、主に筋肉の自己免疫破壊を伴う。
(a)コレラ毒素(CTA1)のADPリボシル化A1サブユニットの突然変異体サブユニット、
(b)特異的な細胞受容体に結合することができるペプチド、および
(c)自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患に関連する1個以上のエピトープ
を含む融合タンパク質である免疫調節性複合体であって、
突然変異体CTA1サブユニットにおいて、ネイティブなCTA1におけるアミノ酸7のアルギニン、およびアミノ酸187のシステインに対応するアミノ酸が置き換えられている、免疫調節性複合体を提供する。
(i)単球、好中球、好酸球、線維芽細胞および内皮細胞上に存在するGM−CSF受容体α/βヘテロ二量体に結合することができる顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−C SF)、
(ii)T細胞受容体(TcR)と一緒に、それぞれMHCクラスII分子およびMHCクラスI分子のコレセプターとしての機能を果たす、T細胞上で発現されるCD4およびCD8。MHCクラスIは、大部分の有核細胞上で発現され、一方、MHCクラスII分子は、樹状細胞、B細胞、単球、マクロファージ、骨髄前駆体細胞、赤血球前駆体細胞および一部の上皮細胞上で発現される、
(iii)B細胞上で発現されるCD80およびCD86B7に結合する、主にT細胞上で発現される2つのホモ二量体タンパク質であるCD28およびCTLA−4、
(iv)T細胞上で発現されるCD40L(gp39またはCD154)と相互作用する、主に成熟B細胞の表面に存在するCD40、
(v)肥満細胞、好塩基球、好酸球、血小板、樹状細胞、マクロファージ、NK細胞およびB細胞上に存在するいくつもの高親和性または低親和性のFc受容体と相互作用する、Ig重鎖定常領域の異なるアイソタイプ、
(vi)正常な体液性免疫応答の生成において重要であり、また、自己免疫の発生にも関与する可能性があることが示されている、B細胞および濾胞樹状細胞上で発現される補体受容体(CR)、CR1、CR2およびCR3、
(vii)樹状細胞上で発現されるデクチン−1のようなC型レクチン受容体(CLR)、
(viii)樹状細胞のサブセット上で高レベルで発現される、抗原の取り込みおよびプロセシングのためのエンドサイトーシス受容体であるDEC205、
(ix)主に骨髄細胞において見出される多数の可溶性因子およびタンパク質(LPS、フィブリノーゲン、iC3b)の細胞表面受容体であるCD11c、
(x)樹状細胞、マクロファージおよび他の抗原提示細胞上に存在するマンノース受容体、
(xi)マクロファージ上に存在する特異的なHSP60受容体、
(xii)樹状細胞のサブセットによって発現されるインテグリンアルファ鎖であるCD103、
(xii)樹状細胞上に存在する33D1抗原。
(a)コレラ毒素(CTA1)のADPリボシル化A1サブユニットの突然変異体サブユニット、
(b)特異的な細胞受容体に結合することができるペプチド、および
(c)自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患に関連する1種または複数種のエピトープ
を含む融合タンパク質であって、突然変異体CTA1サブユニットにおいて、ネイティブなCTA1におけるアミノ酸7のアルギニン、およびアミノ酸187のシステインに対応するアミノ酸が置き換えられている融合タンパク質である免疫調節性複合体をコードする。
別段の定義のない限り、本明細書において使用される全ての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明が属する分野の当業者に一般に理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。本明細書で使用される場合、以下の用語および句は、別段の指定のない限りそれらに帰する意味を有する。
自己免疫疾患に関連する自己抗原のいくつかの例が表1に記載されており、詳細な例が、本明細書において、下でさらに詳細に記載されている。
本発明は、改善された免疫調節性複合体およびそれらを含む組成物、ならびに医薬品を製造するための、および自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患を治療、予防および/または防止するための方法における、その使用を提供する。本発明による改善された免疫調節性複合体は、コレラ毒素(CTA1)のADPリボシル化A1サブユニットの突然変異体サブユニット、特異的な受容体に結合することができるペプチド、および自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患に関連する1種または複数種のエピトープを含む融合タンパク質である。本発明の改善された方法は、疾患に関連する1種または複数種のエピトープを含む免疫調節性複合体を投与することを含む。
免疫調節性複合体の治療的かつ予防的な有効量は、約1μg〜約10mgの範囲内である。免疫調節性複合体の好ましい治療的または予防的な有効量は、約5μg〜約1mgの範囲内である。最も好ましい免疫調節性複合体の治療量は、約10μg〜100μgの範囲内である。ある特定の実施形態では、免疫調節性複合体は、月に1回、6〜12ヶ月にわたって投与し、その後、3〜12ヶ月ごとに維持用量として投与する。代替の治療レジメンを展開することができ、それは、疾患の重症度、患者の年齢、投与される免疫調節性複合体、および普段治療にあたっている医師によって考えられる他の因子に応じて、毎日から、週に1回まで、1ヶ月おきまで、年に1回まで、一回投与までの範囲であってよい。
免疫調節性複合体は、他の物質、例えば、薬理作用物質、アジュバント、サイトカイン、または免疫刺激複合体(ISCOMS)などと組み合わせて投与することができる。
CTA1−DD突然変異体の構築、融合タンパク質の発現および精製を、基本的にAgren(J Immunol 1999, 162:2432-2440)に記載されている通り実施した。
RAのマウスコラーゲン誘導関節炎(CIA)モデルを使用して、CTA1−R7K−COL−DDおよびK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DD寛容原を用いた鼻腔内治療を比較した。CIAモデルは、いくつもの臨床的特徴、組織学的特徴および免疫学的特徴をRAと共有し、したがって、RAに対する潜在的な治療剤を検査するために最も使用されるモデルである。DBA1マウス(タコニック(Taconic)、Denmark)を、完全フロイントアジュバント(CFA)中ニワトリ/ウシII型コラーゲン(Sigma/MDBioSciences)100μgを用いて一次免疫化し、その後、21日目に不完全フロイントアジュバント(IFA)を用いて追加免疫した。マウスを、追加免疫した頃および/またはその後にPBS、CTA1−R7K−COL−DDまたはK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DDを鼻腔内に3〜8回投与して処置した。次いで、マウスを、関節炎の発生率および重症度に関して関節炎についてのスコアリングシステムを使用して追跡した。
Balb/cマウス(Taconic、Denmark)において、0日目に、II型コラーゲンに対するモノクローナル抗体のカクテル(ArthritoMabカクテル:D1、F10、A2およびD8;MD Biosciences、Zuerich、Switzerland)をマウス当たり2mgの用量レベルで静脈内注射することによってコラーゲン抗体誘導性関節炎(CAIA)を誘導した。3日目に、リポ多糖(LPS)(ArthritoMab kit、MD Biosciences)を腹腔内に(intraperitonally)注射して、疾患の発生率および重症度を増強した(マウス当たり50μg)。
60kDaのRo、アミノ酸配列TKYKQRNGWSHKDLLRSHLKP(配列番号6)を有するRo169、およびアミノ配列ELYKEKALSVETEKLLKYLEAV(配列番号7)を有するRo211、およびアミノ酸配列QEMPLTALLRNLGKMT(配列番号8)を有するRo274に由来するエピトープをコードするDNA配列を、K−CTA1−R7K/C187Aベクターにクローニングし、免疫調節性複合体であるK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Ro169−DD(配列番号11)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Ro211−DD(配列番号12)、およびK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Ro274−DD(配列番号13)をそれぞれコードするDNAコンストラクトを含むベクターをもたらした。
最近、BALB/cマウスをある期間にわたってマウス配列に対して100%の相同性を有するヒトRo RNPの短いペプチドを用いて免疫化した(Ro274〜290、Ro274と称される)、ヒト疾患の多くの特徴と著しい類似性を示す新規のマウスモデルが創出された(Scofield R.H. et al., J Immunol, 2005, 175(12), 8409-12)。このペプチドを用いて免疫化したマウスではRo52、Ro60およびLaに対する高力価のIgG自己抗体、CD19+BおよびCD4+/8+リンパ球の唾液腺への浸潤、および唾液の流れの減少が発生することが決定された。したがって、このモデルは、シェーグレン病(SS)を治療するための免疫調節性複合体の治療効果を試験するために適している。
Bet v1は、カバノキの主要アレルゲンの1つと同定され、Phl p1およびPhl p5はイネ科植物の花粉の2つの主要アレルゲンとして同定されている。Bet v1の免疫優性ペプチドエピトープは、ペプチド配列MGETLLRAVESY(配列番号14)を有すると同定された。Phl p1の免疫優性ペプチドエピトープは、ペプチド配列AGELELQFRRVKCKY(配列番号15)を有すると同定され、Phl p5の免疫優性ペプチドエピトープは、ペプチド配列TVATAPEVKYTVFETALK(配列番号16)を有すると同定された。これらのペプチドエピトープをコードするDNAをCTA1−R7K/C187Aベクターにクローニングし、免疫調節性複合体であるK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Betv1−DD(配列番号17)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Phl p1−DD(配列番号18)、およびK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Phl p5−DD(配列番号19)をそれぞれコードするDNAコンストラクトを含むベクターをもたらす。発現ベクターを大腸菌にトランスフェクトし、発現された免疫調節性複合体を、標準の技法を使用して精製する。
アレルギー性疾患を治療するための免疫調節性複合体の治療効果を試験するための適切なモデルは、例えば、Hufnaglら(Clin Exp Allergy, 2008, 38, 1192-1202)によって確立された、カバノキおよびイネ科植物の花粉の主要アレルゲンであるBet v1、Phl p1およびPhl p5に対するアレルギー性の多感作(poly−sensitization)マウスモデルである。
CTA1−R7K−COL−DDおよびK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DDの二量体形成を、分析的なサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)を使用して試験した。この試験のためにSuperdex200HR10/30カラム(GE Healthcare)を備えたAEKTAFPLCシステム(GE Healthcare)を使用した。移動相として、10mMのNa−リン酸緩衝液、pH 7.4、0.4MのNaClを、室温で0.4ml/分の流速で使用した。試料は、CTA1−R7K−COL−DD(バッチ091118、2.4mg/mL)およびK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DD(バッチ091118、5.6mg/mL)であった。試料を−80℃から解凍し、分析前に緩衝液中に1.5mg/mLに希釈した。50μLをカラムに注入した。調製物の純度を、SDS−PAGEによって、次に還元条件下、NuPAGE4〜12%ビス−トリスゲル(Invitrogen)上でのクーマシー染色によって分析した。
SEC分析から見られるように、CTA1−R7K−COL−DD試料において著しい量の二量体が形成され、同定することができた(図4A)。二量体は12.61mlにおけるピークとして、および単量体が14.29mlにおけるピークとして溶出するのが見られた。比較すると、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DD試料(図4B)においては二量体を検出することはできず、14.16mlにおいて溶出する単量体の単一のピークが示された。図5から見られるように、2つの調製物は同等に純粋であり、還元性条件下ではただ1つの構成成分、すなわち単量体の免疫調節複合体(immunomodulation complex)で構成される。
本発明による種々の免疫調節性複合体をコードするプラスミドを保有する組換え型の大腸菌(E.coli)株を培養した後に細菌ペレット1gから精製された材料の収量が表3に列挙されている。
Claims (20)
- (a)コレラ毒素(CTA1)のADPリボシル化A1サブユニットの突然変異体サブユニット、
(b)特異的な細胞受容体に結合することができるペプチド、および
(c)対応する自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患に関連する1個以上のエピトープ
を含む融合タンパク質である免疫調節性複合体であって、突然変異体CTA1サブユニットが、CTA1−R7K/C187A突然変異体、配列番号1であり、ペプチドが、MHCクラスI分子またはMHCクラスII分子を発現している細胞上で発現される受容体に特異的に結合するものである、免疫調節性複合体。 - 突然変異体CTA1サブユニットのN末端にアミノ酸リジンがさらに挿入されている、請求項1に記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 突然変異体CTA1サブユニットが、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A突然変異体、配列番号2である、請求項2に記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 1個以上のエピトープが、自己免疫疾患に関連する自己免疫エピトープである、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 自己免疫疾患が、インスリン依存性糖尿病、多発性硬化症、関節リウマチ、自己免疫性ぶどう膜炎、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、重症筋無力症、シェーグレン症候群、尋常性天疱瘡、強皮症、悪性貧血、全身性エリテマトーデス、およびグレーブス病からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 1個以上のエピトープが、アレルギー性疾患に関連する、アレルギーの原因になるエピトープである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- アレルギー性疾患が、アレルギー性喘息、アレルギー性鼻炎、アトピー性皮膚炎および食物過敏症からなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 融合タンパク質が、Bリンパ球、T細胞などのリンパ球、単球、マクロファージ、樹状細胞、ランゲルハンス細胞、上皮細胞および内皮細胞からなる群から選択される細胞上で発現される受容体に特異的に結合するペプチドを含む、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 前記ペプチドが、単一のコピーまたは多数のコピーのプロテインAまたはその断片、例えば、その1つまたは複数のDサブユニットなどによって構成される、請求項8に記載の免疫調節性複合体。
- 免疫調節性複合体であるK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DD(配列番号4)、CTA1−R7K/C187A−COL−DD(配列番号10)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Ro169−DD(配列番号11)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Ro211−DD(配列番号12)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Ro274−DD(配列番号13)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Betv1−DD(配列番号17)、K−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Phl p1−DD(配列番号18)、およびK−CTA1−R7K/C187A−Phl p5−DD(配列番号19)。
- 請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の免疫調節性複合体をコードする単離された核酸。
- 請求項11に記載の核酸を含む発現系。
- 請求項12に記載の発現系を含むトランスフェクトされた細胞。
- 請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の免疫調節性複合体を含む医薬組成物。
- 自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患の予防、防止および/または治療において使用するための、請求項14に記載の医薬組成物。
- 自己免疫疾患が、インスリン依存性糖尿病、多発性硬化症、関節リウマチ、自己免疫性ぶどう膜炎、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、重症筋無力症、シェーグレン症候群、尋常性天疱瘡、強皮症、悪性貧血、全身性エリテマトーデス、およびグレーブス病からなる群から選択される、自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患の予防、防止および/または治療において使用するための、請求項14に記載の医薬組成物。
- アレルギー性疾患が、アレルギー性喘息、アレルギー性鼻炎、アトピー性皮膚炎および食物過敏症からなる群から選択される、自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患の予防、防止および/または治療において使用するための、請求項14に記載の医薬組成物。
- 自己免疫疾患またはアレルギー性疾患を予防、防止および/または治療するための医薬品を製造するための、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の免疫調節性複合体の使用。
- 自己免疫疾患が、インスリン依存性糖尿病、多発性硬化症、関節リウマチ、自己免疫性ぶどう膜炎、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、重症筋無力症、シェーグレン症候群、尋常性天疱瘡、強皮症、悪性貧血、全身性エリテマトーデス、およびグレーブス病からなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の使用。
- アレルギー性疾患が、アレルギー性喘息、アレルギー性鼻炎、アトピー性皮膚炎および食物過敏症からなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の使用。
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IL101715A (en) * | 1991-05-02 | 2005-06-19 | Amgen Inc | Recombinant dna-derived cholera toxin subunit analogs |
US5917026A (en) | 1996-02-05 | 1999-06-29 | Loewenadler; Bjoern | Fusion proteins of immunopotentiating activity |
US5939400A (en) | 1996-02-26 | 1999-08-17 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | DNA vaccination for induction of suppressive T cell response |
WO1997046253A2 (en) | 1996-06-03 | 1997-12-11 | Powderject Vaccines, Inc. | Immunotherapy for autoimmune disease |
ATE453404T1 (de) | 1999-03-12 | 2010-01-15 | Univ Leland Stanford Junior | Dna-impfung zur behandlung von autoimmunerkrankungen |
US7544669B2 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2009-06-09 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Polynucleotide therapy |
EP2322186A3 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2011-07-13 | Bayhill Therapeutics, Inc. | Methods and immune modulatory nucleic acid compositions for preventing and treating disease |
CA2708942A1 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Mivac Development Aktiebolag | Compositions and methods for treatment of autoimmune and allergic diseases |
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US20130022634A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
AU2011321051A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
AU2011321051B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
CN102959082A (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
CN102959082B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2633054A4 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
SE1051122A1 (sv) | 2012-04-29 |
ES2578711T3 (es) | 2016-07-29 |
SE535625C2 (sv) | 2012-10-16 |
EP2633054A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
EP2633054B1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
JP2013527764A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
US9585947B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
CA2795577A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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