JP5329081B2 - 熱安定化亜化学量論的誘電体 - Google Patents
熱安定化亜化学量論的誘電体 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910006854 SnOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005001 rutherford backscattering spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007736 thin film deposition technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(oxo)tin Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Sn]([O-])=O BNEMLSQAJOPTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、亜化学量論的(sub-stoichiometric)誘電体材料に関する。特に、本発明は、透明基板上に形成される光学スタックに用いられる亜化学量論的誘電体材料層に関する。
亜化学量論的誘電体は、薄膜および光学コーティングの分野でよく知られている。これらの亜化学量論的誘電体は、典型的に、金属、シリコンまたはゲルマニウムに基づく、酸素または窒素と完全に反応していない物質である。しばしば、これらの材料は、可視波長では光吸収性であるが、完全に反応した態様の化合物は、しばしば、可視波長では光非吸収性である。
本発明は、光学スタックの光学的性質(例えば、透過および反射)を安定化させるように特性が制御された亜化学量論的誘電体層を含む光学スタックを提供する。
本発明は、光学スタックの光学的性質を、特に加熱および焼き入れ(tempering)中において、安定化させ得る亜化学量論層を単独でまたは1つまたはそれ以上の安定化層とともに提供する。
本発明を利用したガラス上の低eコーティングの例を以下の例に示す。誘電体コーティングは、室温の基板上への中周波(〜30kHz)のデュアルマグネトロンスパッタリングにより形成した。SiAlOxNyは、Ar/O2/N2雰囲気中、SiAlターゲットからスパッタした。ZnOは、Ar/O2雰囲気中、Znターゲットからスパッタした。(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNyは、Siと10重量%のAlを含有するターゲットからスパッタした。Agは、Ar雰囲気中、AgターゲットからDCスパッタした。NiCrOxは、Ar/O2雰囲気中、NiCrターゲットからDCスパッタした。
安定化化学量論的SiAlOxNy層と接していない亜化学量論的SiAlOxNy層の焼き入れの際の光学特性の変化を、安定化化学量論的SiAlOxNy層と接しているときの同じ亜化学量論的SiAlOxNy層と比較した。
2つの単一銀低放射率光学スタックを作った。第1のスタックは、単一の亜化学量論的(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy底部誘電体を持つものであった。第2のスタックは、亜化学量論的(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNyとガラス基板との間に熱的安定化化学量論的(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy層を持つものであった。各スタックの頂部には、同一の(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNyが存在した。完全なスタック設計を以下に示す。
ガラス/亜化学量論的(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy/ZnO/Ag/NiCrOx/(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy
第2のスタック:
ガラス/化学量論的(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy/亜化学量論的(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy/ZnO/Ag/NiCrOx/(Si0.9Al0.1)OxNy。
ΔEa*b*=(a* BB − a* AB)2 + (b* BB − b* AB)2]0.5
(ここで、BBは、焼き入れ前の色、ABは、焼き入れ後の色)により算出した。
以下の光学スタックを作成した:
6mmガラス基板/20nm化学量論的SiAlOxNy/8nmZnO/12nmAg/2nmNiCrOx/5nm化学量論的SiAlOxNy/55nm亜化学量論的SiAlOxNy/5nm化学量論的SiAlOxNy/8nmZnO/15nmAg/2nmNiCrOx/36nm化学量論的/SiAlOxNy。
スズ亜鉛酸化物(SnZnOx)は、焼き入れ可能な低放射率設計に用いられる普通の誘電体材料である。薄膜設計においてある光学的効果を生み出すために、SnZnOxを亜化学量論的状態で堆積させることができる。
以下に示すような2つのNiCrOx層を有する二重銀低放射率スタックを作った。
石英基板上に堆積した39nm厚のNiCrOxフィルムの屈折率nおよび減衰係数kを、焼成前に、ウーラム(Woollam)M2000Uエリプソメーターを用い、波長の関数として測定した。空気中、730℃で4分間の焼成後、これら光学定数を再度測定した。図4に示すように、NiCrOxについてのnとkの両方は加熱により増加した。
Ag層上に堆積させたNiCrOxバリヤー層の厚さだけを変えた4つの単一銀低放射率光学スタックを作った。光学スタックは、以下の一般的な設計を有していた。
Claims (37)
- 透明基板上に形成された光学スタックであって、
安定化層に直接接した亜化学量論層を備え、
前記亜化学量論層は、
酸化物、窒化物および酸窒化物からなる群の中から選ばれる均質な亜化学量論的組成物からなり、
前記亜化学量論的組成物は、金属元素および半導体元素からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含み、
前記亜化学量論的組成物は、亜化学量論的量の、酸素および窒素からなる群の中から
選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素をさらに含み、
前記安定化層は、
金属元素および半導体元素からなる群の中から選ばれる前記亜化学量論層で選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素、および
化学量論的量の、酸素および窒素からなる群の中から選ばれる前記亜化学量論層で選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素を含み、
前記亜化学量論層は、10〜100nmの厚さであって、前記安定化層よりも厚い光学スタック。 - 前記安定化層が、1〜10nmの厚さである請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論的組成物に含まれる金属元素および半導体元素が、遷移金属、Mg、Zn、Al、In、Sn、Sb、Bi、SiおよびGeからなる群の中から選ばれる請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 亜化学量論的組成物に含まれる金属元素および半導体元素が、Mg、Y、Ti、Zr、Nb、Ta、W、Zn、Al、In、Sn、Sb、Bi、SiおよびGeからなる群の中から選ばれる請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 亜化学量論的組成物に含まれる金属元素および半導体元素からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素が、SiおよびAlを含む請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論的組成物が、酸化物、窒化物および酸窒化物からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも2種を含む請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層の屈折率が、前記安定化層の屈折率よりも高い請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層が、屈折率nを、n≧2.3であるように有する請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層が、減衰係数kを、0.03≦k≦0.15であるように有する請求項1に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記光学スタックが、金属層をさらに含み、
前記亜化学量論層および前記安定化層が、前記透明基板と前記金属層との間にある請求項1に記載の光学スタック。 - 前記透明基板が、ガラスを含む請求項10に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記光学スタックが、前記透明基板上の前記光学スタックを焼き入れすることを含む方法により製造され、
前記透明ガラス基板上の光学スタックのガラス側反射焼き入れ色シフトが3.0以下である請求項11に記載の光学スタック。 - 前記光学スタックが、前記透明基板上の前記光学スタックを焼き入れすることを含む方法により製造され、
前記透明ガラス基板上の光学スタックの光学スタック側反射焼き入れ色シフトが3.7以下である請求項11に記載の光学スタック。 - 前記金属層が、Agを含む請求項10に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記光学スタックが、他の金属層をさらに含み、
前記亜化学量論層および前記安定化層が、前記金属層と前記他の金属層との間にある請求項10に記載の光学スタック。 - 前記光学スタックが、金属層をさらに含み、
前記亜化学量論層および前記安定化層が、前記基板からして前記金属層の外側にある請求項1に記載の光学スタック。 - 安定化層および亜化学量論層を積層すること、および
請求項1に記載の光学スタックを製造すること
を含む光学スタックの製造方法。 - 第1の安定化層と第2の安定化層の間に挟まれ、それらと直接接する亜化学量論層を備え、
前記亜化学量論層が、
酸化物、窒化物および酸窒化物からなる群の中から選ばれる亜化学量論的組成からなり、ここで
前記亜化学量論的組成は、金属元素および半導体元素からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含み、
前記亜化学量論的組成は、亜化学量論的量の、酸素および窒素からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素をさらに含み、
前記第1の安定化層および第2の安定化層が、それぞれ、
金属元素および半導体元素からなる群の中から選ばれる前記亜化学量論層で選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素、および
化学量論的量の、酸素および窒素からなる群の中から選ばれる前記亜化学量論層で選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素を含む光学スタック。 - 前記第1の安定化層および第2の安定化層が、同じ組成を有する請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記第1の安定化層および第2の安定化層が、異なる組成を有する請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層が、均質である請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論的組成が、酸化物、窒化物および酸窒化物からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも2つのメンバーを含む請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論的組成に含まれる金属元素および半導体元素が、遷移金属、Mg、Zn、Al、In、Sn、Sb、Bi、SiおよびGeからなる群の中から選ばれる請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論的組成に含まれる金属元素および半導体元素が、Mg、Y、Ti、Zr、Nb、Ta、W、Zn、Al、In、Sn、Sb、Bi、SiおよびGeからなる群の中から選ばれる請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論的組成に含まれる金属元素および半導体元素からなる群の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素が、SiおよびAlを含む請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層の屈折率が、前記第1の安定化層および第2の安定化層のそれぞれの屈折率よりも高い請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層が、屈折率nを、n≧2.3であるように有する請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層が、減衰係数kを、0.03≦k≦0.15であるように有する請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記第1の安定化層が、1〜10nmの厚さである請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記第2の安定化層が、1〜10nmの厚さである請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記亜化学量論層が、10〜100nmの厚さである請求項18に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記光学スタックが、透明基板上にあり、
前記光学スタックが、金属層をさらに含み、
前記第1の安定化層、亜化学量論層および第2の安定化層が、前記透明基板と前記金属層との間にある請求項18に記載の光学スタック。 - 前記透明基板が、ガラスを含む請求項32に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記金属層が、Agを含む請求項32に記載の光学スタック。
- 前記光学スタックが、他の金属層をさらに含み、
前記第1の安定化層、亜化学量論層および第2の安定化層が、前記金属と前記他の金属層との間にある請求項32に記載の光学スタック。 - 前記光学スタックが、透明基板上にあり、
前記光学スタックが、金属層をさらに含み、
前記第1の安定化層、前記亜化学量論層および前記第2の安定化層が、前記基板からして前記金属層の外側にある請求項18に記載の光学スタック。 - 第1の安定化層、亜化学量論層および第2の安定化層を積層すること、および 請求項18に記載の光学スタックを製造することを含む光学スタックの製造方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7507478B2 (en) | 2009-03-24 |
EP1722970A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
US20080011408A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
JP2016157124A (ja) | 2016-09-01 |
KR20100040757A (ko) | 2010-04-20 |
KR20070022009A (ko) | 2007-02-23 |
CA2556730A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
US7993744B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 |
CN1960860B (zh) | 2012-06-27 |
JP6026101B2 (ja) | 2016-11-16 |
US8137742B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 |
KR100968907B1 (ko) | 2010-07-14 |
US20050186482A1 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
NO20064253L (no) | 2006-11-22 |
WO2005082610A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
AU2005216954B2 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
KR100983088B1 (ko) | 2010-09-20 |
CA2556730C (en) | 2013-12-24 |
JP2012093771A (ja) | 2012-05-17 |
JP2007524132A (ja) | 2007-08-23 |
EP1722970A4 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
CN1960860A (zh) | 2007-05-09 |
US20090181245A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
AU2005216954A1 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
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