JP5318504B2 - Orbital greening structure and greening method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an orbital greening structure and a greening method.

  In general, paving or paving is often performed on the outside of the railcars embedded in the road surface and in the track space between the rails in the same manner as the surrounding road surface.

However, it has been proposed to improve the landscape and suppress the heat island phenomenon by planting lawn or the like on the tramway of the tramway (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
JP-A-2005-41 JP 2007-1111030 A

  However, tram rails are hot in summer and cold in winter. For this reason, it is easy to hurt the cultivation of the adjacent lawn. Moreover, when the tramway of a tramway is greened, the customer soil layer where the lawn is planted is often thin. For this reason, it is easy to dry, and unless the frequency of watering is increased, obstacles to grass growth are likely to occur.

  In consideration of the above, an object of the present invention is to prevent or suppress a growth failure of a planted plant.

Invention of Claim 1 has a greening structure provided with the continuous space hardening body planted by the upper part, and the 1st heat insulating material provided in the side surface of the said continuous space hardening body , A pair of rail is installed The greening structure is provided such that the first heat insulating material is disposed between the rail and the continuous space hardening body, between the rails in the train track, or adjacent to the outside of the rail. It is .

Therefore, since the surroundings of the greening structure are insulated by the first heat insulating material even when the temperature is high or low, the roots (surroundings) of plants such as lawns planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body are hot or A low temperature is suppressed. Therefore, the growth failure of plants such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body is prevented or suppressed.
In addition, since the rail is made of metal, it is heated by sunlight in summer and is cooled by cold air in winter, but is insulated by a first heat insulating material disposed between the rail. Thereby, it is suppressed that the root (surroundings) of plants, such as the lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening object, becomes high temperature or low temperature. Therefore, the growth failure of the plant planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body is prevented or suppressed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the orbital greening structure according to the first aspect, a second heat insulating material is provided under the continuous void cured body in the greening structure .

  Therefore, since the bottom surface of the greening structure is insulated by the second heat insulating material, it is more effective that the roots of the plant such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body become hot or cold. Is suppressed. Therefore, the failure to grow plants such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body is more effectively prevented or suppressed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the orbital greening structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, the second heat insulating material is plate-shaped, and has a recess capable of storing water, and a side surface opposite to the side surface of the continuous void cured body. And an open drain hole.

  Therefore, since water is stored in the recess of the second heat insulating material even after irrigation, the temperature of plants (and the surroundings) such as lawns planted on the upper part of the continuous void-cured body is suppressed by the heat of vaporization. Is done. In addition, the frequency of irrigation can be reduced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the orbital greening structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, the greening structure extends outside the first heat insulating material and is supplied with water. A water guide sheet having an extending portion is provided so as to contact the bottom surface of the continuous void cured body.

  Therefore, the bottom surface of the continuous void cured body is moistened by the water pumping function utilizing the capillary phenomenon by supplying the water guide sheet from the extending portion through the water supply pipe or the like. Therefore, water can be uniformly given to plants such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body. Moreover, it is suppressed that the temperature around plants, such as a lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body, by vaporization heat becomes high temperature.

In the invention of claim 5 , a plate-like first heat insulating material is installed along the side surface of the rectangular mold, and after the continuous void cured body is placed, the mold is removed and the side wall surface is the first heat insulating material. A greening structure manufacturing process for manufacturing a greening structure constituted by a material, a laying process for laying the greening structure, and a planting process for planting the upper part of the continuous void cured body of the greening structure, In the laying step, the first heat insulating material is provided between the rails and the continuous void-hardened body between the rails in the train track on which a pair of rails are installed or adjacent to the outside of the rails. The greening structure is laid so as to be arranged .

  Therefore, even if the surroundings of the greening structure become hot or cold, the roots of the plants such as lawns planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body are hot because they are insulated by the first heat insulating material. Or it is suppressed that it becomes low temperature. Therefore, the growth failure of plants such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body is prevented or suppressed.

Moreover, since the greening structure body which integrated the 1st heat insulating material and the continuous space | gap hardened | cured body previously is laid, compared with the case where it lays on site, for example, the construction period in a site is shortened.
In addition, since the construction period at the site is shortened, there is less time to stop the train operation. Alternatively, the trajectory is greened only during non-operating time (for example, at night).

The invention of claim 6 is the greening method according to claim 5 , wherein, in the greening structure manufacturing step, a second heat insulating material is laid in the mold and the continuous void cured body is placed, and the bottom surface is formed. The greening structure which the said 2nd heat insulating material comprises is manufactured.

  Therefore, since the bottom surface of the greening structure is insulated by the second heat insulating material, it is more effective that the roots of the plant such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body become hot or cold. Is suppressed. Therefore, the failure to grow plants such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body is more effectively prevented or suppressed.

  Moreover, since the greening structure which integrated the 1st heat insulating material, the 2nd heat insulating material, and the continuous space | gap hardened body beforehand is laid, compared with the case where it lays on site, for example, the construction period in the field is shortened. .

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the greening method according to the sixth aspect , wherein in the greening structure manufacturing step, a water guide sheet is laid on the second heat insulating material, and the extension portion of the water guide sheet is the first Extending the outer side of the heat insulating material, and placing the extended gap between the first heat insulating material and the side wall surface of the mold of the mold, placing the continuous void cured body, and the laying step After that, a water supply pipe that contacts the extension portion of the water guide sheet and supplies water to the extension portion along the first heat insulating material is provided.

  Therefore, since the greening structure that has been integrated with the extension part of the water guide sheet extending from the first heat insulating material in advance is laid, for example, the construction period at the site is shortened compared to the case of placing at the site. Is done.

  In addition, water is supplied to the extension portion of the water guide sheet by the water supply pipe, and the entire lower surface of the continuous void cured body is wetted by the pumping function utilizing the capillary phenomenon of the water guide sheet. Therefore, water can be uniformly given to plants such as lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous void cured body. Moreover, it is suppressed that the temperature (around a root) of plants, such as a lawn, planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body by vaporization heat becomes high temperature.

  According to invention of Claim 1, it can suppress that the root (surroundings) of plants, such as the lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body, becomes high temperature or low temperature, As a result, it is continuous. It is possible to prevent or suppress plant growth failure such as lawn planted on the upper part of the void cured body.

  According to invention of Claim 2, it can suppress effectively that the roots (surroundings) of plants, such as the lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body, become high temperature or low temperature.

  According to invention of Claim 3, while being able to suppress effectively the temperature of plants (surroundings), such as a lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body, becoming high temperature, the frequency of irrigation Can be reduced.

  According to invention of Claim 4, while being able to give water uniformly to plants, such as the lawn planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body, it is planted on the upper part of the continuous space hardening body by the heat of vaporization. It can suppress that the temperature around plants, such as a lawn, becomes high temperature.

According to the invention described in claim 5 , since the greening structure in which the first heat insulating material and the continuous void cured body are integrated in advance is laid, for example, compared with the case of placing on the site, The construction period can be shortened.

According to invention of Claim 6 , since the greening structure which integrated the 1st heat insulating material, the 2nd heat insulating material, and the continuous space | gap hardened body beforehand is laid, for example, compared with the case where it lays on the spot. The construction period on site can be shortened.

According to the invention described in claim 7 , since the greening structure in which the extension portion of the water guide sheet is integrated in advance in a state of extending from the first heat insulating material is laid, for example, in the case of placing on site In comparison, the construction period on site can be shortened.

  Hereinafter, an example of the embodiment of the greening structure and the orbital greening structure in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a greening structure of a track of a tramway (a train traveling on a track (a combined track) laid on a road) to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a greening structure of a tramway track. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view in which the main part of FIG. 2 is enlarged. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a water guiding sheet and a heat insulating board constituting the greening structure.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a track 12 on which a tram 10 travels, sleepers 16 are embedded on a crushed stone layer 14 on which crushed stones are deposited, and a pair of rails 22 and 24 are laid on the sleepers 16. . Moreover, the rails 22 and 24 are substantially inverted T-shaped as a whole, and are fixed to the sleepers 16 (see FIG. 2).

  In other words, the track 12 of the tram 10 is installed at a position where the pair of rails 22 and 24 are dug slightly from the road surface, and the track structures such as the sleepers 16 along the rails 22 and 24 are all roads. It becomes a state embedded in. The wheels 11 of the tram 10 ride on the upper ends of the rails 22 and 24 and travel.

  A greening zone 80 is constructed between the pair of rails 22 and 24 and adjacent to the outside of the rails 22 and 24. In other words, the track 12 of the tram 10 is green. In addition, the outside of the greening zone 80 is a paved road surface 18 on which an automobile travels.

  Next, details of the greening zone 80 will be described.

  A plate-like (block-like) greening structure 100 having a rectangular shape in plan view is arranged and embedded (laid) along the rails 22 and 24 (see FIG. 8).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the greening structure 100 includes a plate-like (block-like) porous concrete (greening concrete) 102 as a continuous void body.

The porous concrete 102 as a continuous void body is a cured body obtained by consolidating a low alkaline cement, and a continuous void is formed in the cured body at a porosity of 20% or more (about 28% in this embodiment). Is formed. In the present embodiment, the compressive strength is 100 to 150 kg / fcm ² .

  In the voids of the porous concrete 102, peat moss hillary as a water retention material, fibrous organic materials such as wood chips, straw, burgh compost, and shello, soil such as fertile soil, soil improver such as pearlite, and the like A mixture or the like is filled, and the roots of the lawn 112 planted in the soil layer 110 on the porous concrete 102 extend into the gap and become rooted.

  Side surfaces of the greening structure 100 on the rails 22 and 24 side are configured by a plate-like heat insulating board (first heat insulating material) 120 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). In other words, the heat insulating board 120 is embedded outside the porous concrete 102 on the rails 22 and 24 side.

  In addition, the bottom surface of the greening structure 100 is configured by a plate-like heat insulating board (second heat insulating material) 130. In other words, the heat insulation board 130 is embedded under the porous concrete 102.

  In the present embodiment, the heat insulating boards 120 and 130 are made of EPS (Expanded Poly-Styrene, generic name: Styrofoam, JISA9511; bead method polystyrene foam).

  Note that the heat insulating boards 120 and 130 (first heat insulating material and second heat insulating material) are not limited to EPS. For example, it may be wooden. In short, any material having a lower thermal conductivity than porous concrete (continuous void body) 102 may be used.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulating board (thermal second heat insulating material) 130 constituting the bottom surface of the greening structure 100 is provided with a plurality of rectangular recesses 132 in a plan view. Further, drainage holes 134 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed at the intersections of the vertical wall parts 133 that form between the recesses 132. In other words, the drain holes 134 are opened on the upper surface (the surface on the porous concrete 102 side) and the lower surface, and the opening position of the upper surface is formed at a position higher than the bottom surface 132A of the recess 132.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a water guide sheet 140 that is in contact with the lower surface of the porous concrete 102 is sandwiched between the porous concrete 102 and the heat insulating board 130 that constitute the greening structure 100.

  As the water guide sheet 140, for example, a sheet having a water guide function by capillary action such as a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric cloth, a knitted fabric cloth and a porous resin sheet having open cells is used. In addition, in this embodiment, the water guide sheet by Toray Industries, Inc. comprised by the tricot raising and the hydrophilic treatment fiber is used.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the end portion of the water guide sheet 140 on the rail 24 side (see FIG. 2) is extended and embedded outside the heat insulating board 120 constituting the side surface (rail side). Yes. The extended portion is referred to as an extended portion 142.

  A water supply pipe 200 is embedded along the heat insulation board 120 (track 12, see FIG. 1) so as to contact the upper surface of the extension 142 of the water guide sheet 140. A large number of small holes (not shown) are formed in the peripheral surface of the water supply pipe 200, and water supplied from a water supply source (not shown) connected to the water supply pipe 200 extends from the hole of the water supply pipe 200 by drip. The outlet 142 is supplied with water. A lid member 202 is embedded on the water supply pipe 200. The lid member 202 may be the same heat insulating material as the heat insulating board 120.

  A filter 150 is embedded in the outer peripheral portion of the porous concrete 102. Furthermore, a SUS net 160 (SUS mesh @ 200) is embedded in the bottom of the porous concrete 102.

  And four substantially inverted U-shaped hanging fittings 162 are embedded so as to penetrate the net 160 (see FIGS. 7 and 8). The hanging metal fitting 162 is embedded so that the upper end portion 162A is exposed from the upper surface 102A of the porous concrete 102 (see FIG. 7). However, the upper end portion 162 </ b> A of the hanging metal fitting 162 is embedded in the soil layer 110. The hanging metal fitting 162 is made by bending a SUS line into a substantially inverted U shape. These hanging metal fittings 162 are used for hanging construction (see FIG. 8) when laying the greening structure 100 described later.

  Next, the greening method (construction method) of the track will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, the greening structure manufacturing process which manufactures a greening structure not in a construction site but in another place, such as a factory, is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the heat insulation board 120 is installed on the side surface of the mold 500, and the heat insulation board 130 (see FIG. 7) is installed on the bottom surface. Further, a water guide sheet 140 and a filter 150 (see FIG. 7) are laid on the heat insulating board 130. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the extension 142 of the water guide sheet 140 is sandwiched between the heat insulating board 120 and the side wall surface 500 </ b> A of the mold 500.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the porous concrete 102 is placed in a state where each member is installed in the mold 500. At this time, the net 160 is embedded in the bottom portion and further embedded so that the upper end 162A of the hanging metal fitting 162 is exposed.

  Note that the process up to here is the greening structure manufacturing process performed not at the site as described above but at another place such as a factory.

  Next, the construction process at the construction site will be described.

  First, the laying process of the greening structure 100 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a greening portion, that is, a road surface of a track that becomes a greening zone 80 (see FIG. 1) is excavated, and the greening structure 100 is laid. The greening structure 100 is laid down by connecting a wire 502 to the upper end 162A of the hanging metal fitting 162 and hanging it with a crane (not shown).

  And after laying of the greening structure 100, the water supply pipe | tube 200 (refer FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) is embed | buried. A lid member 202 (see FIG. 3) is embedded on the water supply pipe 200.

  Below, the planting process of the lawn 112 is demonstrated.

  After the porous concrete 102 of the greening structure 100 is filled with a water retaining material (not shown) or the like, the customer soil layer 110 (see FIG. 3) is formed on the porous concrete 102 of the greening structure 100 by covering the customer soil. Note that the upper end portion 162 </ b> A of the hanging metal fitting 162 is embedded in the soil layer 110.

And as shown in FIG. 9, the panel-like natural turf panel 116 with which the lawn 112 was cultivated is laid on this (tension turf). The natural turf panel 116 is cultivated in advance on a lawn 112 at a cultivation site different from the construction site, and the lawn 112 is sufficiently grown. In the present embodiment, a natural turf panel 116 that is vegetated and cultivated with a lawn (manufactured by Nippon Vegetation Co., Ltd.) 112 having excellent drying resistance is used as a turf protective material (protective sheet, not shown).

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

  The rails 22 and 24 become hotter than the surrounding temperature due to direct sunlight in summer. On the other hand, in winter, the temperature is lower than the surrounding temperature due to cold air. Therefore, there is a case where the lawn that is adjacent or close to becomes a growth obstacle.

  However, in the greening structure 100 constituting the greening structure of the present embodiment, the side surfaces on the rails 22 and 24 side are configured by the heat insulating board 120, and the bottom surface is configured by the heat insulating board 130 (see FIGS. 1 to 3). ).

  Therefore, even if the surroundings of the greening structure 100 are heated to a high temperature or a low temperature by the rails 22 and 24 having a high temperature or a low temperature, they are insulated by the heat insulating boards 120 and 130. Therefore, since the root (surrounding) of the lawn 112 planted on the upper part of the porous concrete 102 is suppressed to a high temperature or a low temperature, a growth failure of the lawn 112 is prevented or suppressed.

  In addition, the water guide sheet 140 is supplied with water from the extending portion 142 by drip from the water supply pipe 200, so that the bottom surface of the porous concrete 102 is wetted by the pumping function utilizing the capillary phenomenon. Thereby, water is uniformly given to the lawn 112 planted on the upper part of the porous concrete 102 (evenly irrigated). Moreover, it can suppress that the temperature around the lawn 112 becomes high temperature by vaporization heat.

  Further, even after irrigation, the water is stored in the recess 132 of the heat insulating board 130 constituting the bottom surface. Therefore, irrigation frequency can be reduced. Furthermore, it is suppressed that the temperature around the lawn 112 becomes high due to the heat of vaporization for a long time. The water overflowing from the recess 132 is drained into the ground through the drain hole 134.

  In addition, rainwater in the case of rain is drained into the ground through the drain hole 134. Therefore, even if the non-permeable heat insulating board 130 is buried under the porous concrete 102, a puddle is formed on the soil layer 110 on the porous concrete 102 or the soil layer 110 flows. Is prevented or suppressed. In addition, since water is drained and returned to the ground, it contributes to the conservation of the natural environment such as the ecosystem of living organisms in the ground.

  Further, the greening structure 100 is configured to be integrated with the heat insulating boards 120 and 130, the water guide sheet 140, and the porous concrete 102 in advance. Further, the water guiding sheet 140 is integrated in advance in a state where the extending portion 142 is extended from the heat insulating board 120. Then, in other words, by laying the precast greening structure 100 integrated in this way, a greening zone 80 is formed on the track 12 (the track 12 is greened).

  Therefore, for example, compared with the case where the porous concrete 102 is laid on site, the construction period on site is shortened. In addition, since the lawn 112 is cultivated in advance at a cultivation site different from the construction site and planted (natural grass) 116 with the lawn 112 fully grown, the construction (construction) is completed. The track 12 is green (just after construction).

  Further, since the construction period at the construction site is shortened in this way, the time for stopping the operation of the tram 10 can be reduced. Alternatively, the track is greened only when the train 10 is not operating, for example, only at night. Therefore, for example, it is possible to perform the greening work after the last train, and the track 12 is already greened when the first power generation vehicle is operated.

  In addition, by planting the lawn 112 on the track 12 of the tram 10 and greening in this way, the landscape is improved and the heat island phenomenon is suppressed.

  In addition, since the thin concrete layer 110 is the porous concrete 102, there is no problem in strength even if an automobile passes on the lawn 112.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment.

  For example, in the above embodiment, irrigation of the lawn 112 is performed using the water guide sheet 140 and the water supply pipe 200, but is not limited thereto. For example, the structure which is not provided with the water conveyance sheet | seat 140 in the greening structure may be sufficient. For example, a sprinkler may be separately installed beside the greening zone 80 and watered by the sprinkler. Alternatively, irrigation may be performed by running a irrigation work vehicle on a road surface track.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the continuous space hardening body is comprised with the porous concrete which has a continuous space | gap, what knead | mixed aggregates, such as a glass let and slag, in concrete may be used.

  Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the greening structure 100 is manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, but is not limited thereto. Construction may be performed on site (porous concrete 102 is placed).

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although this invention was applied to the greening of the track | truck 12 of the streetcar 10, it is not limited to this (refer FIG. 1). For example, the present invention can be applied to not only the tram 10 but also a track (track) dedicated to the train. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to other than the train track. For example, the present invention can be applied to sidewalks and roadways.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the lawn was planted in the tree planting structure, it is not limited to this. Plants other than lawn may be planted. For example, a flowering flower may be planted.

It is a section perspective view showing the greening structure of the track concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the greening structure of the track | orbit concerning embodiment of this invention. It is the expanded sectional view which expanded the principal part of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows typically the water guide sheet and heat insulation board which comprise a greening structure. It is a perspective view which shows the manufacturing process of the greening structure concerning embodiment of this invention before pouring porous concrete. It is a perspective view which shows the manufacturing process of the greening structure concerning embodiment of this invention after placing porous concrete. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the greening structure of the manufacturing process of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows typically the laying process of the greening structure concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically the planting process which plants a lawn on the tree planting structure concerning embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 trams 12 tracks 22 rails 24 rails 80 greening zones 100 greening structures 102 porous concrete (hardened continuous voids)
112 Lawn 120 Insulation board (first insulation)
130 Thermal insulation board (second thermal insulation)
132 Concave part 134 Drain hole 140 Water guide sheet 142 Extension part 200 Water supply pipe 500 Formwork

Claims (7)

A continuous void cured body planted at the top;
A first heat insulating material provided on a side surface of the continuous void cured body;
A greening structure comprising
The first heat insulating material is disposed between the rails and the continuous gap hardening body between the rails or adjacent to the outside of the rails in a train track on which a pair of rails are installed. Orbital greening structure provided so that.   The orbital greening structure according to claim 1, wherein the greening structure is provided with a second heat insulating material under the continuous void cured body. The second heat insulating material is
With a plate shape,
A recess capable of storing water;
Drainage holes opened on the side and opposite side of the continuous void cured body,
The orbital greening structure according to claim 2.   The greening structure is provided with a water guide sheet that extends outward from the first heat insulating material and has an extended portion that is supplied with water so as to contact the bottom surface of the continuous void cured body. The greening structure of the orbit according to any one of claims 3 to 4. A green planted structure in which a plate-like first heat insulating material is installed along a side surface of a rectangular mold frame, a continuous void-cured body is placed, the mold frame is removed, and a side wall surface is constituted by the first heat insulating material. A greening structure manufacturing process for manufacturing
A laying step of laying the greening structure;
A planting step for planting the upper part of the continuous void cured body of the greening structure;
With
In the laying step, the first heat insulating material is disposed between the rails on the track of a train on which a pair of rails are installed, or adjacent to the outside of the rails, between the rails and the continuous void cured body. A greening method for laying the greening structure.   6. The greening structure manufacturing step, wherein a second heat insulating material is laid in the mold and the continuous void cured body is placed, and a greening structure having a bottom surface constituted by the second heat insulating material is manufactured. The greening method described in 1. In the greening structure manufacturing process, a water guide sheet is laid on the second heat insulating material, and an extension portion of the water guide sheet extends outside the first heat insulating material and the first heat insulating material and the Sandwiching the extended portion between the mold wall and the side wall surface of the mold, and placing the continuous void cured body,
The tree planting method according to claim 6 , wherein after the laying step, a water supply pipe that contacts the extension portion of the water guide sheet and supplies water to the extension portion along the first heat insulating material is provided.

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