JP5302928B2 - Work machine front attachment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a front attachment used in a working machine such as a dismantling machine that performs a dismantling work at a high place, and more particularly to a front attachment having steps used for connecting a hydraulic hose in an add-on boom.

  In a dismantling machine that performs dismantling work at high places, a long boom is provided on a part of the front attachment as described in Patent Document 1, for example, in order to allow the crushing tool at the tip of the front attachment to reach a high place. Since this long boom is longer than the transport length limit by the trailer truck, the boom is constructed by adding the divided booms. When transporting, the boom is divided into the divided booms and transported, and the number of divided booms corresponding to the height of the dismantled part at the site is added to form the boom. Each split boom is provided with an iron hydraulic pipe, and the hydraulic pipe between the split booms is connected via a hydraulic hose.

JP 2008-272648 A

  In the dismantling machine as described above, when assembling and disassembling the divided boom, connection and separation by hydraulic hoses between the hydraulic pipes must be performed manually. However, even when the boom is in a lying state, the connecting portion of the hydraulic hose connecting the hydraulic pipes attached to the upper surface of the divided boom is at a high place where it cannot be reached by workers on the ground. For this reason, in order to disassemble and assemble the dismantling machine, an aerial work vehicle is required separately for connecting the hydraulic hose in addition to the crane.

  Further, the hydraulic hose may be damaged during the operation of the dismantling machine due to the pulsation of the internal pressure of the hydraulic hose or the hydraulic hose being caught by an object. This damage to the hydraulic hose occurs mainly at the caulking portion that is a connection portion with the joint of the hydraulic hose. When the hydraulic hose is damaged, the hydraulic oil may be ejected and scattered from the damaged portion due to the internal pressure of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic hose. When the hydraulic oil scatters to the surroundings in this way, it not only causes a great deal of inconvenience in the vicinity, but can also cause the hydraulic oil to flow down the road and cause slipping and traffic congestion.

  In order to prevent the hydraulic oil from scattering due to such a breakage of the hydraulic hose, conventionally, the hydraulic hose is covered with a cover hose made of synthetic resin for preventing scattering of the hydraulic hose.

  Such a cover hose for preventing scattering of hydraulic oil must be prepared for each hydraulic hose. For example, in a front attachment having a relay boom, since the hydraulic piping on the boom reaches 8 or more, the number of cover hoses is also required. For this reason, with the assembly of the split boom, it is necessary to attach a large number of cover hoses to the hydraulic hose, which increases labor and labor in the setup work accompanying the assembly.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention eliminates the need for an aerial work vehicle for disassembling a split boom, separating a hydraulic hose associated with assembly, and connecting work, and reducing work for preventing hydraulic oil from being scattered. An object of the present invention is to provide a front attachment of a working machine having a configuration that can be configured.

The front attachment of the work machine according to claim 1 is:
In the front attachment of the work machine in which the boom is configured by adding a plurality of divided booms, and hydraulic piping attached to each divided boom is connected by a hydraulic hose.
A step that is pivotally attached to one side of the split boom and serves as a scaffold for workers;
A handrail attached to the free end of the step;
A fixed fence attached to the other side surface of the split boom and having a fixing means for removably fixing the handrail;
A cover stretched over the fixed fence and the handrail,
In the step, the posture can be changed between an open state that serves as a scaffold when the boom is in a lying state and a closed state in which the handrail covers the top surface of the split boom. The hydraulic pipe and the hydraulic hose thus formed are covered with a handrail and a fixed fence having the step and the cover.

  The front attachment of the work machine according to claim 2 is provided with a shock absorber that reduces a rotation speed when the step is changed from at least a closed state to an open state in the front attachment of the work machine according to claim 1. Features.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the step is opened in the state where the boom is laid down, the worker who performs assembly and disassembly goes up the step and connects and disconnects the hydraulic hose and the like. Can be done. This eliminates the need for an aerial work vehicle conventionally required for connecting and disassembling the boom, thereby reducing the cost required for construction and reducing the space for assembling and disassembling work.

  In addition, the hydraulic pipe and the hydraulic hose are covered with the step and the cover provided on the handrail and the fixed fence, and even if oil leakage occurs due to damage to the hydraulic hose or the like, it is prevented from being scattered around. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach the cover hoses to the boom portions of the hydraulic hoses associated with the assembly of the divided boom, which is conventionally required. As a result, the work for preventing hydraulic oil from being scattered is reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the shock absorber is provided to reduce the rotational speed when changing the step from at least the closed state to the open state, the step or the handrail is suddenly opened from the closed state by its own weight. It is prevented from changing. For this reason, the safety | security at the time of a posture change improves.

It is a side view which shows the working machine which shows one Embodiment of the front attachment of this invention in a working posture. It is a side view which shows the working machine of this Embodiment in a boom lying posture. It is a partial side view of the boom which shows the step closed state of this Embodiment. It is a partial side view of the boom which shows the step open state of this Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the single unit of the division | segmentation boom of this Embodiment in a step closed state. It is a side view which shows the single unit of the division | segmentation boom of this Embodiment in the step open state. It is the side view which looked at the single unit of the division | segmentation boom of this Embodiment from the opposite side of FIG. 5 about the step closed state. It is sectional drawing which shows the division | segmentation boom of this Embodiment in a step closed state. It is sectional drawing which shows the division | segmentation boom of this Embodiment in the step open state. It is a side view which shows the single unit of the division | segmentation boom concerning other embodiment of this invention in a step closed state. It is a side view which shows the single unit of the division | segmentation boom of embodiment of FIG. 10 in a step open state.

  1 and 2 are side views of a working machine showing an embodiment of a front attachment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a working state, and FIG. 2 shows a boom lying down state. The work machine according to this embodiment constitutes a dismantling machine, and includes a self-propelled vehicle 1 and a multi-joint structure front attachment 3 to which a work tool 2 is attached. The self-propelled vehicle 1 is provided with an upper turning body 5 on a crawler type (or wheel type) lower traveling body 4, and the upper turning body 5 is equipped with a hydraulic power unit 6, a driver's cab 7 and the like, and the front attachment. 3 is attached. In this example, the case where the work tool 2 is an openable crushing tool for crushing a building, cutting a reinforcing bar, or the like will be described.

  The front attachment 3 includes a boom 8, a relay boom 9, and an arm 10. The boom 8 includes a proximal-side divided boom 8a, a distal-end-side divided boom 8c to which the relay boom 9 is attached, and an additional divided boom 8b interposed between the divided booms 8a and 8c. . The number of extension booms 8b is increased or decreased depending on the height of the dismantling part.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a hydraulic cylinder that raises and lowers the boom 8, and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided between the swing body 5 and the base end-side divided boom 8 a. Reference numeral 12 denotes a hydraulic cylinder that rotates a portion beyond the relay boom 9 with respect to the boom 8, and the hydraulic cylinder 12 is provided between the distal end side divided boom 8 c and the relay boom 9. A hydraulic cylinder 13 rotates the arm 10 with respect to the relay boom 9, and the hydraulic cylinder 13 is provided between the relay boom 9 and the arm 10. Reference numeral 14 denotes a hydraulic cylinder for rotating the work tool 2.

  3 and 4 are side views showing an enlarged part of the boom shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the extension divided boom 8 b is detachably connected by pins 20 and 21 that are vertically (meaning vertically when the boom 8 is in a down position, the same applies hereinafter). Each of these pins 20 and 21 is provided on each of left and right sides, and among the divided booms 8b to be connected, a pin insertion / removal hydraulic cylinder (not shown) attached to the distal end of the divided boom 8b located on the base end side. By projecting the pins 20 and 21 outward, the divided booms 8b and 8b are connected to each other. The other divided booms 8a and 8c and the additional divided boom 8b are similarly connected. At the center of the upper surface of each of the divided booms 8b and 8c, there is a bracket 19 for hanging a wire rope that lifts the divided booms 8b and 8c with a crane during assembly and disassembly.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the step apparatus 22 is each attached to each division | segmentation boom 8b, 8c. In the present embodiment, the step device 22 is not attached to the base end-side split boom 8a. However, an iron rod (not shown) serving as a ladder is attached to the upper surface of the base end-side split boom 8a. This is because a step is not necessary, and the base end-side split boom 8a is at the lowest position, and even if oil leakage occurs, there is no possibility that the hydraulic oil will scatter in a wide range. Only the base end-side split boom 8a may be covered with a cover hose.

  3 and 4, reference numeral 24 denotes an iron hydraulic pipe attached to the divided boom 8b, and reference numeral 25 denotes a hydraulic pressure detachably connecting the hydraulic pipes 24, 24 attached to the adjacent divided booms 8b, 8b. A hose. A hydraulic hose 25 can also be attached and detached in the same manner between the hydraulic pipes 24 and 24 respectively attached between the proximal split boom 8a and the additional split boom 8b and between the additional split boom 8b and the distal split boom 8c. Connected.

  FIGS. 5 and 6 are side views showing the mounting structure of the step device 22 to the split boom 8b for one split boom 8b, with the step device 22 in a closed state and an open state, respectively, and FIG. 7 shows this structure. 5 is a side view of the split boom 8b as viewed from the opposite side of FIG. 8 and 9 are sectional views of the divided boom 8b showing the step device 22 in a closed state and an open state, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in this embodiment, eight hydraulic pipes 24 are fixed to the upper surface of the divided boom 8 b by a fixing bracket 23. These hydraulic pipes 24 are provided for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinders 12, 13, 14 and the hydraulic cylinder of the work tool 2 shown in FIG.

  5-9, 26 is a step, 27 is the handrail attached to the edge part, 28 is a fixed fence. The step 26 is attached to one side surface of the divided booms 8b and 8c so as to be rotatable about the hinge 29. In this step 26, a tread plate 26b made of an iron plate or the like having a non-slip structure with unevenness or the like is fixed to a frame 26a assembled with beams. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a stopper plate 32 is fixed to the base portion of the frame 26a by welding or the like, and a receiving plate 33 for contacting the stopper plate 32 is welded to the side surface of the divided boom 8b. When the step device 22 is opened, that is, when an operator rides on the step 26 to work, the stopper plate 32 is brought into contact with the receiving plate 33 to maintain the step device 22 in an open state.

  8 and 9, reference numeral 34 denotes a hydraulic damper provided as a shock absorber between the side surface of the divided boom 8 b and the frame 26 a of the step 26. The hydraulic damper 34 reduces the rotational speed when the worker opens and closes the step 26, and opens and closes at a high speed, so that the worker is pulled by the step device 22 and loses the stability of the body. Is to prevent. This shock absorber may be configured to reduce the rotation speed only when the step device 22 is opened. Further, as this shock absorber, a spring can be used instead of the hydraulic damper.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the handrail 27 is a frame 27a made of a pipe fixed to the frame 26a of step 26 by welding or the like, and a cover 27b made of cloth, a synthetic resin sheet, a thin plate or the like is stretched. As shown in FIG. 7, the fixed fence 28 is attached by fixing the frame 28a to the surface opposite to the side surface of the divided boom 8b to which the step 26 is attached by welding or bolting. The fixed fence 28 is obtained by stretching a cover 28b made of cloth, a synthetic resin sheet, a thin plate, or the like on a frame 28a. The fixed fence 28 is provided so as to protrude upward from the upper surface of the divided boom 8b.

  Fixing means for fixing the handrail 27 to the fixed fence 28 is provided between the handrail 27 and the fixed fence 28. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the fixing means of this embodiment includes a locking claw 40 provided at the front end of the frame 27 a of the handrail 27 and a fixing fence 28 for locking the locking claw 40. A movable claw 42 slidably mounted on a guide cylinder 41 provided on the frame 28a, a spring 43 that presses the movable claw 42 in a direction to engage the engagement claw 40, and the movable claw 42 are connected to the frame 28a. A rod 45 rotatably inserted into a bearing 44 fixed to the arm 45, an arm 46 fixed to the rod 45, and a movable claw 42 attached to the rod 45 for moving the locking claw 40 from the locking position to the retracted position. And an operation lever 47. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of movable claws 42 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the fixed fence 28, and a plurality of corresponding locking claws 40 are also provided in the longitudinal direction of the handrail 27. The operating lever 47 is attached to the proximal end of the split boom 8b in the rod 45.

  In this working machine, when assembling the boom 8, one split boom 8b for addition is assembled to the split boom 8a on the base end side that is attached to the upper swing body 5 in advance. At the time of this assembly, the split boom 8a on the base end side is placed in a tilted position, and the split boom 8b opens the step device 22 as shown in FIGS. Then, a crane (not shown) wire rope is hung on the bracket 19 of the split boom 8b, and the pin holes of the pins 20 and 21 are aligned by crane operation, turning of the upper swing body 5, expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 11, and the like. Then, the divided booms 8a and 8b are connected by the pins 20 and 21 by causing the pins 20 and 21 to protrude outward by a pin insertion / removal hydraulic cylinder built in the tip of the divided boom 8a.

  After the split booms 8a and 8b are thus connected by the pins 20 and 21, the hydraulic pipes 24 and 24 attached to the split booms 8a and 8b are connected by the hydraulic hose 25. Subsequently, the divided booms 8b and 8b are connected to each other and the hydraulic pipes 24 and 24 are connected by the hydraulic hose 25. The connecting operation of the hydraulic pipes 24 and 24 by the hydraulic hose 25 is performed by an operator on step 26. Finally, connection of the tip end side divided boom 8c to which the relay boom 9 and the arm 10 are connected and connection of the hydraulic pipes 24 and 24 by the hydraulic hose 25 are performed.

  After such a connection is made, first, the step device 22 attached to the distal end side split boom 8c is closed. The closing operation of the step device 22 is carried out on the step 26 of the step device 22 that is attached to the split boom 8b connecting the tip side split boom 8c by an operator, and is attached to the tip side split boom 8c. Holding the handrail 27 of the stepping device 22, the step 26 is rotated, and as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the locking claw 40 provided on the frame 27 a of the handrail 27 is automatically locked to the movable claw 42.

  That is, since the locking claw 40 and the movable claw 42 are formed on the inclined surfaces 40a and 42a, the contact claw 40 and the movable claw 42 are formed on the inclined surfaces 40a and 42a. When the movable claw 42 is retracted against the pressing force of the spring 43 and the locking portion of the locking claw 40 exceeds the movable claw 42, the movable claw 42 is returned to the original position by the pressing force of the spring 43. The locking claw 40 is automatically locked to the movable claw 42. Such a closing operation of the step device 22 is performed from the distal split boom 8c to the split split boom 8b connected to the proximal split boom 8a.

  When the boom 8 is assembled as described above and the step device 22 is closed, the hydraulic hose 25 and the boom-attached hydraulic pipe 24 between the divided booms 8a, 8b, and 8c have the step 26 and the cover 27b. It is covered with a handrail and a fixed fence 28 having a cover 28b. For this reason, even if the hydraulic piping 24 and the hydraulic hose 25 are damaged during the operation and the hydraulic oil is ejected, it is prevented from scattering to the outside.

  When the work on site is completed and the boom 8 is disassembled, the front attachment 3 is placed in a lying state as shown in FIG. Then, the worker sequentially opens the step device 22 from the base end side extension boom 8b side of the boom 8 to the distal end side split boom 8c. The step device 22 is opened by operating the operation lever 47 provided on the base end side of each of the divided booms 8b and 8c to move the arm 46 through the rod 45 in the direction in which the movable claw 42 is detached from the locking claw 40. This is performed by turning the handrail 27 in the direction in which the movable claw 42 is removed from the locking claw 40 and the handrail 27 is opened. In this opening operation, the hydraulic damper 34 prevents a sudden opening operation of the step 26 and the handrail 27 and improves safety.

  When the step device 22 of the entire boom 8 is thus opened and the step device 22 constitutes a continuous step for the entire boom 8, first, between the tip-side divided boom 8c and the additional divided boom 8b connected thereto. Remove the hydraulic hose 25. The tip-side split boom 8c is supported by a crane, and the pins 20 and 21 are pulled out from the split boom 8c by operating a built-in pin insertion / removal hydraulic cylinder at the tip of the add-on split boom 8b. Is separated from the split boom 8b. Such a separation operation is performed from the distal split boom 8c to the split split boom 8b connected to the proximal split boom 8a.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the step device 22 is rotatably attached to the divided booms 8b and 8c, and the step 26 is opened in the state where the boom 8 is laid down, thereby disassembling and assembling. The worker who performs the above operation can go up on the step 26 to perform connection and disconnection work of the hydraulic hose 25 and the like. For this reason, an aerial work vehicle conventionally required for disassembling and assembling the boom 8 becomes unnecessary, so that the cost required for the construction can be reduced and the disassembling and assembling work can be performed even in a narrow place.

  Further, since the hydraulic pipe 24 and the hydraulic hose 25 are covered with the step 26 and the handrail 27 and the fixed fence 28 having the covers 27b and 28b, respectively, the hydraulic pipe 24 and the hydraulic hose 25 are damaged, so that oil leakage occurs. Is also prevented from splashing around. For this reason, the mounting operation | work in the part of the boom of a cover hose to many hydraulic hoses 25 accompanying the assembly of the split booms 8b and 8c conventionally required becomes unnecessary. As a result, the work for preventing hydraulic oil from being scattered is reduced.

  Further, since a shock absorber such as a hydraulic damper 34 that regulates the rotation speed when the step 26 is changed between the closed state and the open state is provided, the step 26 and the handrail 27 are suddenly opened from the closed state by their own weight. It is prevented from changing to a state. For this reason, the safety | security at the time of the attitude | position change of the step apparatus 22 improves.

  10 and 11 are side views of a split boom showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a plurality of step devices 22A, 22B, and 22C are provided for each of the divided booms 8b and 8c. 10 and 11, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 3 to 9 indicate members that perform equivalent functions. Also in this embodiment, the stepping devices 22A, 22B, and 22C are provided with the locking claw 40, the movable claw 42, the operation lever 47, and the like for fixing the handrail 27 to the fixed fence 28, respectively.

  If the step device is divided into a plurality of step devices 22A to 22C for each of the divided booms 8b and 8c as in the embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11, it will be more than the embodiment of FIGS. The step devices 22A to 22C are lighter and easy to open and close.

  Although the present invention has been described above by the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and additions can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the arm 10 in the front attachment can also be an add-on type. Moreover, the working machine to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a dismantling machine, but can be applied to, for example, a cargo handling machine or a ready-mixed concrete supply machine including a long front attachment provided with a split boom.

1: self-propelled vehicle, 2: working tool, 3: front attachment, 4: lower traveling body, 5: upper turning body, 6: hydraulic power unit, 7: cab, 8: boom, 9: relay boom, 10: Arm, 11-14: Hydraulic cylinder, 19: Bracket, 20, 21: Pin, 22, 22A-22C: Step device, 23: Fixing tool, 24: Hydraulic piping, 25: Hydraulic hose, 26: Step, 26a: Frame , 26b: tread plate, 27: handrail, 27a: frame, 27b: cover, 28: fixed fence, 28a: frame, 28b: cover, 32: stopper plate, 33: receiving plate, 34: hydraulic damper, 40: locking claw 41: guide cylinder, 42: movable claw, 43: spring, 44: bearing, 45: rod, 46: arm, 47: operation lever

Claims (2)

In the front attachment of the work machine in which the boom is configured by adding a plurality of divided booms, and hydraulic piping attached to each divided boom is connected by a hydraulic hose.
A step that is pivotally attached to one side of the split boom and serves as a scaffold for workers;
A handrail attached to the free end of the step;
A fixed fence attached to the other side surface of the split boom and having a fixing means for removably fixing the handrail;
A cover stretched over the fixed fence and the handrail,
In the step, the posture can be changed between an open state that serves as a scaffold when the boom is in a lying state and a closed state in which the handrail covers the top surface of the split boom. A front attachment for a working machine, wherein the hydraulic pipe and the hydraulic hose are covered with a handrail and a fixed fence having the step and the cover. In the front attachment of the working machine according to claim 1,
A front attachment for a working machine, comprising: a shock absorber that reduces a rotation speed when the step is changed from at least a closed state to an open state.

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