JP5229154B2 - Vehicle positioning device - Google Patents

Vehicle positioning device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP5229154B2
JP5229154B2 JP2009181718A JP2009181718A JP5229154B2 JP 5229154 B2 JP5229154 B2 JP 5229154B2 JP 2009181718 A JP2009181718 A JP 2009181718A JP 2009181718 A JP2009181718 A JP 2009181718A JP 5229154 B2 JP5229154 B2 JP 5229154B2
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vehicle
wheel
width direction
vertical
vertical roller
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JP2011031810A (en
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竜矢 ▲高▼岸
美久 今井
正二 藤村
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Description

本発明は、車両の車幅方向位置を規制する車両の位置決め装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle positioning device that regulates a vehicle width direction position of a vehicle.

近年、バッテリを駆動源として走行する電気自動車の開発が進められており、該電気自動車にはバッテリ交換方式のものがある。このバッテリ交換方式は、例えば電力消費量が少ない夜間にバッテリに予め充電しておき、電気自動車に搭載されたバッテリが消耗したときに、充電済みのバッテリと交換する方式である。   In recent years, the development of electric vehicles that run using a battery as a driving source has been promoted, and some of the electric vehicles are of the battery exchange type. This battery replacement method is a method in which, for example, the battery is charged in advance at night when power consumption is low, and is replaced with a charged battery when the battery mounted on the electric vehicle is exhausted.

ここで、バッテリを交換するときに、位置検出手段でバッテリ車体収納部の位置を検出し、その検出結果に基づき、位置合せ手段でバッテリユニットとバッテリ車体収納部との位置合せを行う技術が公知である（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Here, when the battery is replaced, a technique is known in which the position detection unit detects the position of the battery body storage unit, and based on the detection result, the alignment unit aligns the battery unit and the battery body storage unit. (For example, see Patent Document 1).

特許第３５３０８７０号公報Japanese Patent No. 3530870

しかしながら、かかる従来のバッテリ交換方式では、センサー等の位置検出手段と位置合せ手段とを用いるため、複雑な構造となってコストアップの要因になるという問題があった。   However, in such a conventional battery exchange system, since position detecting means such as a sensor and alignment means are used, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and causes an increase in cost.

そこで、本発明は、簡単な構造で精度の高い車両の位置決めを行うことができる車両の位置決め装置を提供するものである。   Therefore, the present invention provides a vehicle positioning apparatus that can perform highly accurate vehicle positioning with a simple structure.

本発明に係る車両の位置決め装置は、車両の進行方向に沿った軸を中心として円筒状の前後ローラを回転可能に軸支し、上下方向に沿って延びる軸を中心として回転可能に軸支された筒状の縦ローラを、車両の走行方向に沿って複数配設し、車両を走行させながら車輪を前記前後ローラ上に載置しつつ、筒状の縦ローラに当接することによって、車両の車幅方向の位置を調整するようにしたことを主要な特徴としている。   A vehicle positioning device according to the present invention is rotatably supported by a cylindrical front and rear roller that is rotatable about an axis along the traveling direction of the vehicle, and that is rotatable about an axis that extends along the vertical direction. A plurality of cylindrical vertical rollers are arranged along the traveling direction of the vehicle, and while the vehicle is traveling, the wheels are placed on the front and rear rollers and are brought into contact with the cylindrical vertical roller. The main feature is that the position in the vehicle width direction is adjusted.

本発明に係る車両の位置決め装置によれば、筒状の縦ローラを車両進行方向に沿って複数配設しているため、車両進行方向に沿った位置決めの調整長さを簡単な構造で長く設定することができ、車幅方向の位置決め精度を向上させることができる。   According to the vehicle positioning device of the present invention, since a plurality of cylindrical vertical rollers are arranged along the vehicle traveling direction, the positioning adjustment length along the vehicle traveling direction is set long with a simple structure. It is possible to improve positioning accuracy in the vehicle width direction.

本発明の実施形態にかかる車両の位置決めシステム全体を示す側面図である。1 is a side view showing an entire vehicle positioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１の平面図である。It is a top view of FIG. 本発明の実施形態にかかる車両の位置決め装置を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図３の位置決め装置の上に車両が載置されている状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the vehicle is mounted on the positioning device of FIG. 図４の側面図である。FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4. 図５の平面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5. 前輪用縦ローラを拡大して示す側面図である。It is a side view which expands and shows the vertical roller for front wheels. 図７の平面図である。FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 7. 後輪を縦ローラによって車幅方向の位置規制を行っている状態を示す一部断面の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the partial cross section which shows the state which has controlled the position of the vehicle width direction of the rear wheel with the vertical roller. 後輪を縦ローラによって車幅方向の位置規制を行っている状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which is performing position regulation of the vehicle width direction of a rear wheel with a vertical roller. 図１０の平面図である。It is a top view of FIG. 前輪側の縦ローラを示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the vertical roller by the side of a front wheel. 前輪を縦ローラによって車幅方向の位置規制を行っている状態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the state which has controlled the position of the front wheel by the vertical roller in the vehicle width direction. 前輪用および後輪用の車輪位置決め機構を車論が通過する状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state through which a vehicle theory passes the wheel positioning mechanism for front wheels and rear wheels. バッテリアセンブリを上下動させる昇降装置を設けた位置決め装置を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the positioning apparatus provided with the raising / lowering apparatus which moves a battery assembly up and down.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１は本発明の実施形態にかかる車両の位置決めシステム全体を示す側面図、および、図２は図１の平面図である。   FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire vehicle positioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

図１，２に示すように、本発明の実施形態にかかる車両の位置決めシステム１は、車両３を導入させる導入区間５と、該導入区間５の先方側に配置されて車両３の位置決めが行われる位置決め区間７と、該位置決め区間７の先方側に配置された導出区間９とからなる。前記導入区間５は上り坂１１、位置決め区間７は平坦路１２、および、導出区間９は下り坂１５に形成されており、導入区間５を上り坂１１とすれば、車両３の速度を低くしやすいという利点がある。なお、これら導入区間５および導出区間９を、共に平坦路に設定してもよい。また、前記導入区間５〜導出区間９に至るまで、左右一対の軌道部材１７，１７が車両進行方向（車両前方）に沿って延設されており、これらの軌道部材１７の車幅方向外側の縁部には、車両進行方向に沿ってガイドレール１９（図３参照）が延設され、車輪が軌道部材１７から離脱するのが抑制されている。前記位置決め区間７には、後輪用の車輪位置決め機構２１と、前輪用の車輪位置決め機構２３と、を有する車両の位置決め装置２５が配設されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a vehicle positioning system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an introduction section 5 into which a vehicle 3 is introduced, and the vehicle 3 is positioned on the front side of the introduction section 5. Positioning section 7 and a derivation section 9 arranged on the front side of positioning section 7. The introduction section 5 is formed as an uphill 11, the positioning section 7 is formed as a flat road 12, and the derivation section 9 is formed as a downhill 15. If the introduction section 5 is an uphill 11, the speed of the vehicle 3 is reduced. There is an advantage that it is easy. Note that both the introduction section 5 and the derivation section 9 may be set on a flat road. In addition, a pair of left and right track members 17 and 17 extend along the vehicle traveling direction (front of the vehicle) from the introduction section 5 to the lead-out section 9. A guide rail 19 (see FIG. 3) extends along the vehicle traveling direction at the edge, and the wheel is prevented from being detached from the track member 17. The positioning section 7 is provided with a vehicle positioning device 25 having a wheel positioning mechanism 21 for a rear wheel and a wheel positioning mechanism 23 for a front wheel.

この車両位置決めシステム１では、ドライバが車輪（タイヤ）を軌道部材１７上に乗せつつ車両３を比較的低速で前進させることにより、後輪２７が後輪用の車輪位置決め機構２１で車幅方向に位置決めされ、かつ前輪２９が前輪用の車輪位置決め機構２３で車幅方向に位置決めされる。   In this vehicle positioning system 1, the driver advances the vehicle 3 at a relatively low speed while putting the wheels (tires) on the track member 17, so that the rear wheel 27 is moved in the vehicle width direction by the wheel positioning mechanism 21 for the rear wheel. The front wheel 29 is positioned by the front wheel positioning mechanism 23 in the vehicle width direction.

前記位置決め区間７には、車輪の幅（具体的には、タイヤのトレッド幅）よりも広い幅の上面１７ａを有して相互に平行に直線状に延伸する一対の軌道部材１７が配設されている。一対の軌道部材１７の間隔は、車両３のトレッドに応じて可変設定できるようになっている。そして、一対の軌道部材１７間の下方スペースから、車両の床下に搭載したバッテリアセンブリの取り外しや取り付けの作業を行うことができる。   In the positioning section 7, a pair of track members 17 having an upper surface 17a having a width wider than the width of the wheel (specifically, the tread width of the tire) and extending linearly in parallel with each other are disposed. ing. The distance between the pair of track members 17 can be variably set according to the tread of the vehicle 3. Then, from the lower space between the pair of track members 17, the battery assembly mounted under the vehicle floor can be removed and attached.

図３は本発明の実施形態にかかる車両の位置決め装置を示す斜視図、図４は図３の位置決め装置の上に車両が載置されている状態を示す斜視図である。図５は図４の側面図、図６は図５の平面図である。   FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a vehicle positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where the vehicle is placed on the positioning device of FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG.

前述したように、本実施形態による車両の位置決め装置は、左右一対の軌道部材１７，１７と、これらの軌道部材１７のそれぞれに設けられた後輪用の車輪位置決め機構２１および前輪用の車輪位置決め機構２３と、後輪用の車輪位置決め機構近傍に設けられて、左右の軌道部材同士１７，１７を車幅方向に橋渡す車輪陥入部３１と、軌道部材１７の縁部に設けられたガイドレール１９と、前輪用の車輪位置決め機構近傍に設けられて、前輪２９の回動を阻止する操舵輪回動阻止手段としての前輪回動阻止機構３３とを備えている。   As described above, the vehicle positioning apparatus according to the present embodiment includes the pair of left and right track members 17, 17, the wheel positioning mechanism 21 for the rear wheel provided on each of the track members 17, and the wheel positioning for the front wheel. A mechanism 23, a wheel intrusion portion 31 provided in the vicinity of the wheel positioning mechanism for the rear wheel, and bridging the left and right track members 17, 17 in the vehicle width direction, and a guide rail provided at an edge of the track member 17 19 and a front wheel rotation preventing mechanism 33 as a steering wheel rotation preventing means provided in the vicinity of the wheel positioning mechanism for the front wheel and preventing rotation of the front wheel 29.

後輪用の車輪位置決め機構２１は、移動可能化手段としての前後ローラ３５と、該前後ローラ３５の前端部の車幅方向外側に配置された後輪用規制手段としての後輪用縦ローラ３７とを備える。   The wheel positioning mechanism 21 for the rear wheel includes a front and rear roller 35 serving as a movement enabling unit, and a rear wheel vertical roller 37 serving as a rear wheel regulating unit disposed outside the front end of the front and rear roller 35 in the vehicle width direction. With.

前後ローラ３５は、車両進行方向ＦＲに沿って延設された円筒状の部材であり、車両進行方向ＦＲに延びる軸を中心として回転可能に支持されている。この前後ローラ３５の上に車両３の車輪（車輪）が載置されて前後ローラ３５が回転することによって、車両３が車幅方向に移動することができるように構成されている。   The front and rear rollers 35 are cylindrical members extending along the vehicle traveling direction FR, and are supported rotatably about an axis extending in the vehicle traveling direction FR. The vehicle 3 can be moved in the vehicle width direction by placing the wheels of the vehicle 3 on the front and rear rollers 35 and rotating the front and rear rollers 35.

後輪用縦ローラ３７は、上方に向けて延設された略円錐台状の部材であり、上方に延びる軸を中心として回転可能に支持されている。後輪用縦ローラ３７は、前後ローラ３５の前端部の車幅方向外側の部位に配置されている。この縦ローラ３７の側面に車輪（車輪）が当接すると、縦ローラ３７から車輪に向けて荷重が加わり、車両３の車幅方向位置が規制されるように構成されている。   The rear wheel vertical roller 37 is a substantially truncated cone-shaped member extending upward, and is supported so as to be rotatable about a shaft extending upward. The rear wheel vertical roller 37 is disposed at a portion of the front end portion of the front and rear rollers 35 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction. When a wheel (wheel) comes into contact with the side surface of the vertical roller 37, a load is applied from the vertical roller 37 toward the wheel, and the position in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle 3 is regulated.

また、前記車両位置決め装置２５には、車輪（本実施形態では後輪２７）を陥入させる車輪陥入部３１が設けられており、ドライバが車両３を前進させて車輪を車輪陥入部３１に陥入させ、図４〜図６に示すように、車両３の後輪２７が車輪陥入部３１にその位置で車両３を停止させることによって、車両３が前後方向に位置決めされるようになっている。   Further, the vehicle positioning device 25 is provided with a wheel indentation portion 31 for indenting a wheel (rear wheel 27 in the present embodiment), and the driver advances the vehicle 3 to cause the wheel to fall into the wheel indentation portion 31. 4 to 6, the vehicle 3 is positioned in the front-rear direction by causing the rear wheel 27 of the vehicle 3 to stop the vehicle 3 at that position in the wheel intrusion portion 31. .

車輪陥入部３１は、例えば、軌道部材１７の上面１７ａ上に、軌道部材１７の延伸方向（車両進行方向ＦＲ）と直交する車幅方向ＷＤに沿う一対の平行なビーム３９，３９を設けることによって構成することができ、車輪が陥入位置から前方および後方へ移動するのを抑制する所謂輪止めとして機能するものである。もちろん、所定の作業が終了した際には、ドライバが車両３を前進または後退させる操作を行うことで、車輪が車輪陥入部３１から前方または後方に脱出できるようになっている。   For example, the wheel intrusion portion 31 is provided on the upper surface 17a of the track member 17 by providing a pair of parallel beams 39, 39 along the vehicle width direction WD perpendicular to the extending direction of the track member 17 (vehicle traveling direction FR). It can be configured and functions as a so-called wheel stopper that suppresses the wheel from moving forward and backward from the indented position. Of course, when the predetermined work is completed, the driver can perform the operation of moving the vehicle 3 forward or backward so that the wheel can escape forward or backward from the wheel indented portion 31.

前記ビーム３９は、具体的には、断面Ｌ字状のアングル材を、その角部が上方となる姿勢で軌道部材１７の上面１７ａ上に配置したものとして構成することができる。なお、ビーム３９は、本実施形態では、二つの軌道部材１７，１７間で架設されているが、架設することは必須ではなく、少なくとも軌道部材上に形成されていればよい。また、車輪陥入部３１は、軌道部材１７の上面１７ａを凹設した凹部として形成することもできる。   Specifically, the beam 39 can be configured as an angle member having an L-shaped cross section disposed on the upper surface 17a of the track member 17 in such a posture that the corner portion is upward. In the present embodiment, the beam 39 is installed between the two track members 17, 17. However, it is not essential to install the beam 39, and it is sufficient that the beam 39 is formed at least on the track member. Further, the wheel intrusion portion 31 can also be formed as a recess in which the upper surface 17a of the track member 17 is recessed.

ガイドレール１９は、車両３が進行しているときに、軌道部材１７の上面１７ａから車輪が脱輪しないように設けられている。   The guide rail 19 is provided so that wheels are not removed from the upper surface 17a of the track member 17 when the vehicle 3 is traveling.

前輪用の車輪位置決め機構２３は、移動可能化手段としての前後ローラ４１と、該前後ローラ４１の前端部の車幅方向外側に配置された前輪用規制手段としての前輪用縦ローラ４３とを備える。   The wheel positioning mechanism 23 for the front wheels includes a front and rear roller 41 serving as a movement enabling unit, and a front wheel vertical roller 43 serving as a front wheel regulating unit disposed outside the front end of the front and rear roller 41 in the vehicle width direction. .

前後ローラ４１は、後輪用のものと同様に、車両進行方向に延設された円筒状の部材であり、車両進行方向に延びる軸を中心として回転可能に支持されている。   The front and rear rollers 41 are cylindrical members extending in the vehicle traveling direction, like the rear wheels, and are supported so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vehicle traveling direction.

前輪用縦ローラ４３は、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７と前輪用前側縦ローラ４５とからなり、それぞれ略円錐台状に形成されている。前輪用後側縦ローラ４７および前輪用前側縦ローラ４５は共に、上方に延びる軸を中心として回転可能に支持されており、前後ローラ４１の前端部の車幅方向外側の部位に前後方向に沿って並んで配設されている。   The front wheel vertical roller 43 includes a front wheel rear vertical roller 47 and a front wheel front vertical roller 45, each of which is formed in a substantially truncated cone shape. The front wheel rear vertical roller 47 and the front wheel front vertical roller 45 are both supported so as to be rotatable about an upwardly extending shaft, and extend in the front-rear direction at a portion of the front end portion of the front-rear roller 41 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction. They are arranged side by side.

また、前後ローラ４１の車幅方向外側には、操舵輪回動阻止手段としての前輪回動阻止機構３３が配設されている。この前輪回動阻止機構３３は、車両進行方向ＦＲに延びる細い円筒状のガイドバー４９と、該ガイドバー４９を車幅方向に移動させるエアー等の駆動源を有する機構本体５１と、から構成されている。この機構本体５１を作動させて前記ガイドバー４９を車幅方向内側に移動させ、前輪２９（前車輪）に押し当てることによって、前輪の回動を阻止することができる。   Further, a front wheel rotation prevention mechanism 33 as a steering wheel rotation prevention means is disposed outside the front and rear rollers 41 in the vehicle width direction. The front wheel rotation prevention mechanism 33 includes a thin cylindrical guide bar 49 extending in the vehicle traveling direction FR, and a mechanism main body 51 having a driving source such as air that moves the guide bar 49 in the vehicle width direction. ing. The mechanism main body 51 is operated to move the guide bar 49 inward in the vehicle width direction and press against the front wheel 29 (front wheel), thereby preventing the front wheel from rotating.

図７は前輪用縦ローラを拡大して示す側面図、図８は図７の平面図である。   FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view showing a front wheel vertical roller, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG.

この前輪用縦ローラは、車両進行方向ＦＲの手前側に配置された前輪用後側縦ローラ４７と、先方側に配置された前輪用前側縦ローラ４５とからなる。   The front wheel vertical roller includes a front wheel rear vertical roller 47 disposed on the front side in the vehicle traveling direction FR and a front wheel front vertical roller 45 disposed on the front side.

前輪用後側縦ローラ４７および前輪用前側縦ローラ４５の上側は、上方に向かうにつれて外径が先細りする円錐台状の円錐台部に形成されており、車幅方向内側の側面４５ａ，４７ａは、上方に向かうにつれて車幅方向外側に傾斜して延びている。また、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７の高さＨ１は、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５の高さＨ２よりも高く形成されている。   The upper sides of the front wheel rear vertical roller 47 and the front wheel front vertical roller 45 are formed in a truncated cone shape whose outer diameter tapers in the upward direction, and the side surfaces 45a and 47a on the inner side in the vehicle width direction are formed. As it goes upward, it extends incline outward in the vehicle width direction. Further, the height H1 of the front-wheel rear vertical roller 47 is formed to be higher than the height H2 of the front-wheel front vertical roller 45.

さらに、図８に示すように、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７の外径Ｄ１は、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５の外径Ｄ２よりも小さく形成されている。前輪用後側縦ローラ４７は、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５よりも車幅方向外側に配置されている。具体的には、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７の車幅方向内側の側面と前輪用前側縦ローラ４５の車幅方向内側の側面との車幅方向に沿った距離はｄに設定されている。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer diameter D1 of the front wheel rear vertical roller 47 is formed smaller than the outer diameter D2 of the front wheel front vertical roller 45. The front wheel rear vertical roller 47 is disposed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction than the front wheel front vertical roller 45. Specifically, the distance along the vehicle width direction between the side surface on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the rear vertical roller 47 for the front wheel and the side surface on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the front vertical roller 45 for the front wheel is set to d.

次いで、本実施形態による車両位置決め装置を用いて、車両の車幅方向の位置決めを行う手順を簡単に説明する。   Next, a procedure for positioning the vehicle in the vehicle width direction using the vehicle positioning device according to the present embodiment will be briefly described.

上記構成の車両位置決め装置２５において、図１に示すように、車両３が導入区間５を通過して位置決め区間７に進入すると、まずは前輪２９が後輪用の車輪位置決め機構２１を通過する。このとき、前輪２９は後輪用の車輪位置決め機構によって車幅方向にある程度位置決めされる。   In the vehicle positioning device 25 configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, when the vehicle 3 passes through the introduction section 5 and enters the positioning section 7, first, the front wheels 29 pass through the wheel positioning mechanism 21 for the rear wheels. At this time, the front wheel 29 is positioned to some extent in the vehicle width direction by the wheel positioning mechanism for the rear wheel.

そして、本実施形態では、前後二つの車輪位置決め機構２１，２３の配置を適宜に設定しているため、図９，１０，１１に示すように後輪用の車輪位置決め機構２１による後輪２７の位置決めが行われ、図１２，１３に示すように前輪用の車輪位置決め機構２３による前輪２９の位置決めが行われる。   And in this embodiment, since arrangement | positioning of the two wheel positioning mechanisms 21 and 23 before and behind is set suitably, as shown in FIG.9,10,11, the rear wheel 27 by the wheel positioning mechanism 21 for rear wheels is shown. Positioning is performed, and the front wheel 29 is positioned by the wheel positioning mechanism 23 for the front wheel as shown in FIGS.

まず、図１２を用いて、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７および前輪用前側縦ローラ４５の構成を説明する。   First, the configuration of the front-wheel rear vertical roller 47 and the front-wheel front vertical roller 45 will be described with reference to FIG.

前輪用後側縦ローラ４７は、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５よりも車両進行方向の手前側に配置されている。前輪用後側縦ローラ４７は、軸ＡＸ１を中心に回転可能に支持されており、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５は、軸ＡＸ２を中心に回転可能に支持されている。軸ＡＸ２は、上下方向（垂直方向）に延びているが、軸ＡＸ１は軸ＡＸ２よりも車幅方向外側に傾斜している。   The front-wheel rear vertical roller 47 is disposed closer to the front side in the vehicle traveling direction than the front-wheel front vertical roller 45. The front wheel rear vertical roller 47 is supported to be rotatable about an axis AX1, and the front wheel front vertical roller 45 is supported to be rotatable about an axis AX2. The axis AX2 extends in the vertical direction (vertical direction), but the axis AX1 is inclined more outward in the vehicle width direction than the axis AX2.

また、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７の側面は、下側の側面４７ｂと上側の側面４７ａとからなる。側面４７ｂは、軸ＡＸ１に沿って延びているが、側面４７ａは軸ＡＸ１の上側に向かうにつれて徐々に先細りする傾斜面に形成されている。一方、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５の側面は、下側の側面４５ｂと上側の側面４５ａとからなる。側面４５ｂは、上下方向（垂直方向）に延びているが、側面４５ａは上方に向かうにつれて徐々に先細りする傾斜面に形成されている。ここで、前輪用後側縦ローラ４７における車幅方向内側の側面４７ａは、前輪用前側縦ローラ４５における車幅方向内側の側面４５ａよりも車幅方向外側に傾斜する傾斜角度が大きく設定されている。   Further, the side surface of the front wheel rear vertical roller 47 is composed of a lower side surface 47b and an upper side surface 47a. The side surface 47b extends along the axis AX1, but the side surface 47a is formed as an inclined surface that gradually tapers toward the upper side of the axis AX1. On the other hand, the side surface of the front vertical roller 45 for the front wheel includes a lower side surface 45b and an upper side surface 45a. The side surface 45b extends in the vertical direction (vertical direction), but the side surface 45a is formed in an inclined surface that gradually tapers as it goes upward. Here, the side surface 47a on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the rear vertical roller 47 for the front wheel is set to have a larger inclination angle than the side surface 45a on the inner side in the vehicle width direction on the front vertical roller 45 for the front wheel. Yes.

そして、図９〜１０に示すように、後輪用縦ローラ３７の上部における車幅方向内側の側面３７ａは、上方に向かうにつれて車幅方向外側に傾斜しており、下部の側面３７ｂは上下方向に延びている。従って、図９に示すように、後輪２７の前側外側角部（図９の断面ハッチング部における車幅方向外側の下端部の角部）が、後輪用縦ローラ３７の側面３７ａに当たると、この側面３７ａから後輪２７へ向けて後輪２７を車幅方向内側に押圧する荷重がかかる。ここで、図１０，１１の二点鎖線に示す位置で前後ローラの上に後輪２７が載置されると、後輪２７は前後ローラ３５の回転に伴って車幅方向に移動可能になっている。下が照って、そのまま車両３が前進すると、図１０〜図１１の二点鎖線から実線に示すように後輪２７が車幅方向内側に移動することによって、車両３の車幅方向位置が規制される。   As shown in FIGS. 9 to 10, the side surface 37a on the inner side in the vehicle width direction at the upper portion of the rear wheel vertical roller 37 is inclined outward in the vehicle width direction as it goes upward, and the lower side surface 37b is in the vertical direction. It extends to. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the front outer corner of the rear wheel 27 (the corner of the lower end on the outer side in the vehicle width direction in the cross-section hatched portion of FIG. 9) hits the side surface 37 a of the rear wheel vertical roller 37, A load that presses the rear wheel 27 inward in the vehicle width direction from the side surface 37a toward the rear wheel 27 is applied. Here, when the rear wheel 27 is placed on the front and rear rollers at the position shown by the two-dot chain line in FIGS. 10 and 11, the rear wheel 27 can move in the vehicle width direction as the front and rear rollers 35 rotate. ing. When the vehicle 3 moves forward as it is shining down, the rear wheel 27 moves inward in the vehicle width direction as shown by the solid line from the two-dot chain line in FIGS. Be regulated.

従って、図１３の二点鎖線に示す位置で前後ローラ４１の上に前輪２９が載置されると、前輪２９は前後ローラ４１の回転に伴って車幅方向に移動可能になっている。そのまま車両３が前進すると、図１３に示すように前輪２９が前輪用後側縦ローラ４７および前輪用前側縦ローラ４５に当接して車幅方向内側に移動することによって、車両３の車幅方向位置が規制される。   Therefore, when the front wheel 29 is placed on the front and rear rollers 41 at the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 13, the front wheels 29 can move in the vehicle width direction as the front and rear rollers 41 rotate. When the vehicle 3 moves forward as it is, the front wheel 29 abuts against the front wheel rear vertical roller 47 and the front wheel front vertical roller 45 and moves inward in the vehicle width direction as shown in FIG. The position is restricted.

このように、車両３が車幅方向の位置決めをされた後は、後輪２７が車輪陥入部３１に陥入して車両３が停止することによって車両３が前後方向にも位置決めされ、車両３が車幅方向ならびに前後方向ともに位置決めされるようになっている。具体的には、後輪２７が後輪用の車輪位置決め機構から前方に抜け出して車輪陥入部３１の手前側のビームに乗り上げている状態で、まだ前輪用の車輪位置決め機構２３による前輪２９の位置決めが完了していない状態があり、前輪２９の位置決めが完了した後あるいは完了するのとほぼ同時に、後輪２７が車輪陥入部３１に陥入して、車両３が停止するようになっている。   As described above, after the vehicle 3 is positioned in the vehicle width direction, the vehicle 3 is positioned in the front-rear direction when the rear wheel 27 is inserted into the wheel intrusion portion 31 and the vehicle 3 is stopped. Are positioned both in the vehicle width direction and in the front-rear direction. Specifically, the front wheel 29 is still positioned by the wheel positioning mechanism 23 for the front wheel while the rear wheel 27 is pulled forward from the wheel positioning mechanism for the rear wheel and rides on the beam on the near side of the wheel intrusion 31. Is not completed, and after the positioning of the front wheel 29 is completed or almost at the same time, the rear wheel 27 is inserted into the wheel indented portion 31 and the vehicle 3 is stopped.

車両３では、一般的に、二輪操舵の場合には、前輪２９が操舵輪となって後輪２７が非操舵輪となり、また、四輪操舵の場合には、後輪２７の操舵角度範囲より前輪２９の操舵角度範囲が大きく設定される。よって、後輪２７に比べて前輪２９は切れた状態（直進状態での角度から回動した状態）となる確率が高く、前輪２９を基準として位置決めを行うと位置決め精度が低下してしまうおそれがある。そこで、本実施形態では、まずは後輪２７（非操舵輪、あるいは操舵角の小さい車輪）を位置決めし、それ以降（同時または後に）前輪２９（操舵輪、あるいは操舵角の大きい車輪）を位置決めすることで、車両３の車幅方向の位置決め精度の低下を抑制している。   In the vehicle 3, in general, in the case of two-wheel steering, the front wheel 29 is a steering wheel and the rear wheel 27 is a non-steered wheel, and in the case of four-wheel steering, from the steering angle range of the rear wheel 27. The steering angle range of the front wheels 29 is set large. Therefore, there is a high probability that the front wheel 29 will be in a disconnected state (a state rotated from an angle in a straight traveling state) as compared to the rear wheel 27, and positioning with respect to the front wheel 29 may reduce positioning accuracy. is there. Therefore, in this embodiment, first, the rear wheel 27 (non-steered wheel or a wheel having a small steering angle) is positioned, and thereafter (simultaneously or after) the front wheel 29 (steering wheel or a wheel having a large steering angle) is positioned. Thus, a decrease in positioning accuracy of the vehicle 3 in the vehicle width direction is suppressed.

また、車両３の位置決めが完了した後は、全ての車輪が車幅方向の位置決め機構２１，２３から離間し、車輪と軌道部材１７の上面１７ａとのフリクションによって、車幅方向に位置決めした状態が維持されるようにしている。   Further, after the positioning of the vehicle 3 is completed, all the wheels are separated from the positioning mechanisms 21 and 23 in the vehicle width direction, and the state in which the wheels are positioned in the vehicle width direction by the friction between the wheels and the upper surface 17a of the track member 17 is maintained. To be maintained.

図１４は前輪用および後輪用の車輪位置決め機構を車論が通過する状態を示す側面図、および、図１５はバッテリーを上下動させるリフターを設けた位置決め装置を示す斜視図である。   FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state in which the vehicle theory passes through the wheel positioning mechanisms for the front wheels and the rear wheels, and FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a positioning device provided with a lifter that moves the battery up and down.

図１４に示すように、二点鎖線で示すＡ地点では、前輪２９および後輪２７ともに前後ローラ３５，４１の後端部に接地している。一点鎖線で示すＢ地点では、前輪２９および後輪２７ともに前後ローラ３５，４１の前端部に接地しており、かつ、縦ローラ３７，４５，４７に当接して車幅方向位置を規制している。そして、実線で示すＣ地点では、後輪２７は車輪陥入部３１に陥入されて前後位置が規制され、前輪２９は軌道部材１７の上面１７ａに接地されて摩擦力によって前後位置が規制（固定）されている。   As shown in FIG. 14, at a point A indicated by a two-dot chain line, both the front wheel 29 and the rear wheel 27 are grounded to the rear ends of the front and rear rollers 35 and 41. At point B indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, both the front wheel 29 and the rear wheel 27 are in contact with the front end portions of the front and rear rollers 35 and 41, and are in contact with the vertical rollers 37, 45 and 47 to regulate the position in the vehicle width direction. Yes. At a point C indicated by a solid line, the rear wheel 27 is inserted into the wheel intrusion 31 to restrict the front / rear position, and the front wheel 29 is grounded to the upper surface 17a of the track member 17 and the front / rear position is restricted (fixed) by the frictional force. )

図１５に示すように、本発明の変形例では、昇降装置５５によってバッテリアセンブリを車両３の床下に取り付けることができる。   As shown in FIG. 15, in the modified example of the present invention, the battery assembly can be attached under the floor of the vehicle 3 by the lifting device 55.

フロア面５３には、前述した構造の軌道部材１７，１７が左右一対に配設されており、これら一対の軌道部材同士１７，１７の間には、作業スペースＳが下方に向けて凹設されており、前記作業スペースＳの底面には昇降装置５５が配置され、側壁面にはリフト装置５７が取り付けられている。昇降装置５５は、下部の昇降部５９と、該昇降部５９の上に設けられた天板部６１と、から構成されている。この天板部６１の上には、バッテリアセンブリ６３が載置されており、昇降部５９を上下動させることでバッテリアセンブリ６３を上昇または下降させることができる。前記リフト装置５７の上端には、ロッド６５を介して係止プレート６７が設けられている。即ち、リフト装置５７を稼働させてロッド６５を上方に持ち上げて係止プレート６７を車両３の床面に設けた高剛性のメンバ部材に押し当てて車両３の位置を前後で動かないようにしたまま、バッテリアセンブリ６３の交換等を行うことができる。   The floor surface 53 is provided with a pair of left and right track members 17 and 17 having the structure described above, and a work space S is recessed downward between the pair of track members 17 and 17. A lifting device 55 is disposed on the bottom surface of the work space S, and a lifting device 57 is attached to the side wall surface. The elevating device 55 includes a lower elevating unit 59 and a top plate unit 61 provided on the elevating unit 59. A battery assembly 63 is placed on the top plate 61, and the battery assembly 63 can be raised or lowered by moving the elevating part 59 up and down. A locking plate 67 is provided on the upper end of the lift device 57 via a rod 65. That is, the lift device 57 is operated to lift the rod 65 upward and press the locking plate 67 against a highly rigid member member provided on the floor of the vehicle 3 so that the position of the vehicle 3 does not move back and forth. The battery assembly 63 can be replaced or the like.

以下に、本実施形態による作用効果を説明する。
（１）前記複数の縦ローラ４５，４７は、車両走行方向の手前側の縦ローラ４７が、先方側の縦ローラ４５よりも上下方向の高さが高く形成されているため、前輪２９が縦ローラ４７に当たった場合でも縦ローラ４７に乗り上げにくくなる。 Below, the effect by this embodiment is demonstrated.
(1) In the plurality of vertical rollers 45 and 47, the vertical roller 47 on the front side in the vehicle traveling direction is formed so that the height in the vertical direction is higher than the vertical roller 45 on the front side. Even when it hits the roller 47, it becomes difficult to ride on the vertical roller 47.

（２）前記複数の縦ローラ４５，４７は、車両走行方向の手前側の縦ローラ４７が、先方側の縦ローラ４５よりも外径が小さく形成されているため、縦ローラ４５と縦ローラ４７とを近接させて前後方向の距離を小さく設定することができる。即ち、縦ローラ４５と縦ローラ４７とを離して配置すると、これらの縦ローラ４５、４７の占める場所が長くなるが、本実施形態によればコンパクトに配置することができる。 (2) The plurality of vertical rollers 45, 47 are formed such that the front vertical roller 47 in the vehicle traveling direction has a smaller outer diameter than the front vertical roller 45. And the distance in the front-rear direction can be set small. That is, if the vertical roller 45 and the vertical roller 47 are arranged apart from each other, the space occupied by the vertical rollers 45 and 47 becomes long, but according to the present embodiment, the arrangement can be made compactly.

（３）前記複数の縦ローラ４５，４７は、車両走行方向の手前側の縦ローラ４７の軸ＡＸ１の方が、先方側の縦ローラ４５の軸ＡＸ２よりも車幅方向外側に傾斜する傾斜角度が大きく設定されている。従って、縦ローラ４７の外径を小さくしても車幅方向の位置調整を行うガイド長さが長くなるため、縦ローラ４５と縦ローラ４７との前後距離を縮めても実質的なガイド長さを維持することができる。 (3) The plurality of vertical rollers 45 and 47 are inclined such that the axis AX1 of the front vertical roller 47 in the vehicle traveling direction is inclined more outward in the vehicle width direction than the axis AX2 of the front vertical roller 45. Is set larger. Therefore, even if the outer diameter of the vertical roller 47 is reduced, the guide length for adjusting the position in the vehicle width direction is increased. Therefore, even if the longitudinal distance between the vertical roller 45 and the vertical roller 47 is reduced, the substantial guide length is reduced. Can be maintained.

（４）前記複数の縦ローラ４５，４７は、車両走行方向の手前側の縦ローラ４７が、先方側の縦ローラ４５よりも車幅方向外側に傾斜する側面の傾斜角度が大きく設定されているため、車両３が進行する際に、前輪２９が縦ローラ４７の側面に当たって、かつ、頂部を乗り越えずにスムーズに左右の縦ローラ４７，４７の間に侵入することができる。 (4) The plurality of vertical rollers 45 and 47 are set such that the front side vertical roller 47 in the vehicle running direction is inclined more outwardly in the vehicle width direction than the front side vertical roller 45. Therefore, when the vehicle 3 travels, the front wheel 29 hits the side surface of the vertical roller 47 and can smoothly enter between the left and right vertical rollers 47 and 47 without getting over the top.

（５）前記複数の縦ローラ４５，４７は、車両走行方向の手前側の縦ローラ４７が、先方側の縦ローラ４５よりも車幅方向外側に配置されているため、車両３が進行する際に、前輪２９が縦ローラ４７の側面に当たって、かつ、頂部を乗り越えずにスムーズに左右の縦ローラ４７，４７の間に侵入することができる。 (5) When the vehicle 3 travels, the plurality of vertical rollers 45 and 47 are disposed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction with respect to the vertical roller 45 on the front side in the vehicle traveling direction. In addition, the front wheel 29 hits the side surface of the vertical roller 47 and can smoothly enter between the left and right vertical rollers 47 and 47 without getting over the top.

２５ 位置決め装置
３５，４１ 前後ローラ
４５ 前輪用前側縦ローラ（縦ローラ）
４５ａ 側面
４７ 前輪用後側縦ローラ（縦ローラ）
４７ａ 側面
ＡＸ１，ＡＸ２ 軸 25 Positioning devices 35 and 41 Front and rear rollers 45 Front vertical rollers for front wheels (vertical rollers)
45a Side 47 Rear vertical roller for front wheel (vertical roller)
47a Side AX1, AX2 axes

Claims (6)

車両を走行させながら前記車両の車幅方向の位置を調整する車両位置決め装置であって、
車両の走行方向に沿って延びる軸を中心として回転可能に軸支されると共に、その側面の上に車両の車輪が接地される円筒状の前後ローラと、
上下方向に沿って延びる軸を中心として回転可能に軸支されると共に、車両の車輪に当接して荷重を加える筒状の縦ローラとを備え、
前記縦ローラは、車両の走行方向に沿って複数配設されたことを特徴とする車両の位置決め装置。 A vehicle positioning device that adjusts the position of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction while running the vehicle,
Cylindrical front and rear rollers that are rotatably supported around an axis extending in the traveling direction of the vehicle and on which the wheels of the vehicle are grounded,
A cylindrical vertical roller that is rotatably supported around an axis extending in the vertical direction and that applies a load by contacting a vehicle wheel;
A vehicle positioning apparatus, wherein a plurality of the vertical rollers are arranged along a traveling direction of the vehicle. 前記複数の縦ローラは、車両走行方向の手前側に向かうにつれて、車幅方向外側に傾斜する軸の傾斜角度が大きく設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両の位置決め装置。   2. The vehicle positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of vertical rollers are set such that an inclination angle of an axis inclined outward in the vehicle width direction is set larger toward a front side in the vehicle traveling direction. 前記複数の縦ローラは、車両走行方向の手前側に向かうにつれて外径が小さく形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の車両の位置決め装置。   3. The vehicle positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of vertical rollers have an outer diameter that decreases toward a near side in the vehicle traveling direction. 前記複数の縦ローラは、車両走行方向の手前側に向かうにつれて、車幅方向外側に傾斜する側面の傾斜角度が大きく設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の車両の位置決め装置。   The inclination angle of the side surface which inclines in the vehicle width direction outside the said several vertical roller is set large as it goes to the near side of a vehicle running direction, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The vehicle positioning device as described. 前記複数の縦ローラは、車両走行方向の手前側に向かうにつれて上下方向の高さが高く形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の車両の位置決め装置。   5. The vehicle positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of vertical rollers are formed such that a height in the vertical direction increases toward a near side in the vehicle traveling direction. 前記複数の縦ローラは、車両走行方向の手前側に向かうにつれて車幅方向外側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の車両の位置決め装置。   6. The vehicle positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of vertical rollers are disposed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction toward the near side in the vehicle traveling direction.
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