JP5215867B2 - 白金およびタングステンを含有する電極触媒 - Google Patents
白金およびタングステンを含有する電極触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 119
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 59
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 58
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 11
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/652—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/6527—Tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
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- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
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- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0238—Impregnation, coating or precipitation via the gaseous phase-sublimation
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Description
Claims (14)
- 白金、タングステン、およびクロムと不可避的不純物とからなる電極触媒であって、
白金を23原子パーセント〜40原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを46原子パーセント〜63原子パーセント含有し、クロムを9原子パーセント〜15原子パーセント含有することを特徴とする電極触媒。 - 白金、タングステン、および銅と不可避的不純物とからなる電極触媒であって、
白金を22原子パーセント〜41原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを36原子パーセント〜66原子パーセント含有し、銅を6原子パーセント〜28原子パーセント含有することを特徴とする電極触媒。 - 白金、タングステン、およびモリブデンと不可避的不純物とからなる電極触媒であって、
白金を26原子パーセント〜44原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを35原子パーセント〜62原子パーセント含有し、モリブデンを8原子パーセント〜23原子パーセント含有することを特徴とする電極触媒。 - 白金、タングステン、および錫と不可避的不純物とからなる電極触媒であって、
白金を43原子パーセント〜50原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを40原子パーセント〜53原子パーセント含有し、錫を4原子パーセント〜10原子パーセント含有することを特徴とする電極触媒。 - 白金、タングステン、クロムおよびモリブデンと不可避的不純物とからなる電極触媒であって、
白金を22原子パーセント〜41原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを39原子パーセント〜63原子パーセント含有し、クロムを4原子パーセント〜13原子パーセント含有し、モリブデンを6原子パーセント〜15原子パーセント含有することを特徴とする電極触媒。 - 酸素還元反応に対する活性度が、白金だけからなる電極触媒の少なくとも2倍であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の電極触媒。
- 電極触媒と、メンブレンと、電極とを備え、
前記電極触媒が白金、タングステン、およびクロムと不可避的不純物とからなる組成を有し、
白金を23原子パーセント〜40原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを46原子パーセント〜63原子パーセント含有し、クロムを9〜15原子パーセント含有する合金であることを特徴とする燃料電池アセンブリ。 - 電極触媒と、メンブレンと、電極とを備え、
前記電極触媒が白金、タングステン、および銅と不可避的不純物とからなる組成を有し、
白金を22原子パーセント〜41原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを36原子パーセント〜66原子パーセント含有し、銅を6〜28原子パーセント含有する合金であることを特徴とする燃料電池アセンブリ。 - 電極触媒と、メンブレンと、電極とを備え、
前記電極触媒が白金、タングステン、およびモリブデンと不可避的不純物とからなる組成を有し、
白金を26原子パーセント〜44原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを35原子パーセント〜62原子パーセント含有し、モリブデンを8〜23原子パーセント含有する合金であることを特徴とする燃料電池アセンブリ。 - 電極触媒と、メンブレンと、電極とを備え、
前記電極触媒が白金、タングステン、および錫と不可避的不純物とからなる組成を有し、
白金を43原子パーセント〜50原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを40原子パーセント〜53原子パーセント含有し、錫を4〜10原子パーセント含有する合金であることを特徴とする燃料電池アセンブリ。 - 電極触媒と、メンブレンと、電極とを備え、
前記電極触媒が白金、タングステン、クロムおよびモリブデンと不可避的不純物とからなる組成を有し、
白金を22原子パーセント〜41原子パーセント含有し、タングステンを39原子パーセント〜63原子パーセント含有し、クロムを4〜13原子パーセント含有し、モリブデンを6〜15原子パーセント含有する合金であることを特徴とする燃料電池アセンブリ。 - 前記電極触媒が薄膜電極触媒を備えることを特徴とする請求項7から請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池アセンブリ。
- 前記電極触媒が、ナノ粒子を含む粉末状の担持された電極触媒を備えることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の燃料電池アセンブリ。
- 前記電極触媒の酸素還元反応に対する活性度が、白金だけからなる電極触媒の少なくとも2倍であることを特徴とする請求項7から請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池アセンブリ。
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US11/294,465 | 2005-12-06 | ||
US11/294,465 US7736790B2 (en) | 2004-12-06 | 2005-12-06 | Platinum and tungsten containing electrocatalysts |
PCT/US2006/046417 WO2007067546A2 (en) | 2005-12-06 | 2006-12-05 | Platinum and tungsten containing electrocatalysts |
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US7871954B2 (en) * | 2006-07-10 | 2011-01-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Synthesis of carbon supported platinum-tungsten electrocatalysts |
JP5032251B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-21 | 2012-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | メタノール酸化触媒およびその製造方法 |
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