JP5186682B2 - 時間領域のインパルス状の信号に基づく物体の高速な検出装置及び方法 - Google Patents
時間領域のインパルス状の信号に基づく物体の高速な検出装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
- G01S13/888—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons through wall detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/0209—Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/04—Systems determining presence of a target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/18—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein range gates are used
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
- G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
- G01S7/412—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity based on a comparison between measured values and known or stored values
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/881—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for robotics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/883—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for missile homing, autodirectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/886—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for alarm systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
- G01S13/913—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control for landing purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/933—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/91—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
- G01S2013/916—Airport surface monitoring [ASDE]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9325—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles for inter-vehicle distance regulation, e.g. navigating in platoons
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
[式1]
ただし、
x(t)=オリジナル時間関数
Xα=フラクショナル・フーリエ変換
である。この変換のカーネル(kernels)は次式で与えられる。
[式2]
なお、α=π/2とすると、次のように、これはよく知られたフーリエ変換となる。
なお、ハーフ・フーリエ変換のために、
[式3]
α=π/4,
cot(π/4)=1,
csc(π/4)=21/2,
とすると、次式のようになる。
[式4]
ここで、広帯域の応答は次のような級数によって特徴づけられると仮定する。
ただし、定数anは次式によって求められる。
そして、次式が成り立つようにうまくhn(t)を選択する。
この時、フラクショナル・フーリエ変換は次式のようになる。
[式5]
Sarkarは、エルミート多項式Hn(t)を用いると、次式が成り立つことを示した。
これは、さらに、時間領域関数をこれらの多項式によって表現すると、次式のようになることを意味する。
[式6]
λn=e-inα
ただし、エルミート多項式は、次式のように、通常の再帰的関係から求められる。
H0=1
H1(x)=2x
Hn+1(x)=2xHn(x)−2nHn-1(x)。
Claims (14)
- 超広帯域のRFインパルス状信号を用いて、ターゲット領域における関心物体を検出する検出方法であって、
前記超広帯域のRFインパルス状信号を用いて前記ターゲット領域を探査する工程と、
前記ターゲット領域からの応答信号を受信する工程と、
前記応答信号から時間スライス特徴データとして時間領域における特徴データを抽出することにより、該応答信号を処理する工程と、
既存のプロファイルがデータベースに格納されている既知の関心物体の特徴空間における座標を指定する工程と、
前記時間スライス特徴データと前記既知の関心物体の座標との距離を示すベクトルの絶対値に基づいて、前記既知の関心物体の検出確率を決定する工程と、
前記ベクトルの絶対値が所定の値よりも小さい場合、前記既知の関心物体の存在を表示する工程と、を備え、
前記既知の関心物体の検出確率を決定する工程は、
定数係数a n を有するエルミート多項式を用いて前記時間スライス特徴データを表現する工程と、
前記定数係数a n を、前記時間スライス特徴データの座標として指定する工程と、
前記時間スライス特徴データの座標と前記既知の関心物体の座標との距離を示すベクトルを、前記時間スライス特徴データと前記既知の関心物体の座標との距離を示すベクトルとして決定する工程と、
を有することを特徴とする検出方法。 - 前記既知の関心物体の前記座標は、シグネチャーのデータベースに格納されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記既知の関心物体は壁の背後に置かれていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記既知の関心物体は人が身につけており隠れていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記既知の関心物体は茂みにより覆い隠されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記既知の関心物体は乗り物から検出されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記時間スライス特徴データは、時間領域における前記応答信号の一部のみを示すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の検出方法。
- 超広帯域のRFインパルス状信号を用いて、ターゲット領域における関心物体を検出する装置であって、
前記超広帯域のRFインパルス状信号を用いて前記ターゲット領域を探査するトランスミッタと、
前記ターゲット領域からの応答信号を受信する受信手段と、
前記応答信号から時間スライス特徴データとして時間領域における特徴データを抽出することにより、該応答信号を処理する信号処理手段と、
既存のプロファイルがデータベースに格納されている、既知の関心物体の特徴空間における座標を指定する手段と、
前記時間スライス特徴データと前記既知の関心物体の座標との距離を示すベクトルの絶対値に基づいて、前記既知の関心物体の検出確率を決定する手段と、
前記ベクトルの絶対値が所定の値よりも小さい場合、前記既知の関心物体の存在を表示する表示手段と、を備え、
前記既知の関心物体の検出確率を決定する手段は、
定数係数a n を有するエルミート多項式を用いて前記時間スライス特徴データを表現する手段と、
前記定数係数a n を、前記時間スライス特徴データの座標として指定する手段と、
前記時間スライス特徴データの座標と前記既知の関心物体の座標との距離を示すベクトルを、前記時間スライス特徴データと前記既知の関心物体の座標との距離を示すベクトルとして決定する手段と、
を有することを特徴とする装置。 - 前記トランスミッタにはアンテナが含まれることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記受信手段にはアンテナが含まれることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の装置。
- 前記受信手段と、前記トランスミッタは、一つのアンテナを共有することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は地上車に搭載されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は航空機に搭載されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記装置は手持ちのユニットであることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/385,629 US6806821B2 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2003-03-12 | Apparatus and method for rapid detection of objects with time domain impulsive signals |
US10/385,629 | 2003-03-12 | ||
PCT/US2004/007515 WO2005001513A2 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | Apparatus and method for rapid detection of objects with time domain impulsive signals |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2007515620A JP2007515620A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
JP5186682B2 true JP5186682B2 (ja) | 2013-04-17 |
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JP2006532320A Expired - Fee Related JP5186682B2 (ja) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-12 | 時間領域のインパルス状の信号に基づく物体の高速な検出装置及び方法 |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6806821B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1601990B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5186682B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101017463B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1788213B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2518865C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004018278D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005001513A2 (ja) |
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US7676194B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2010-03-09 | Rappaport Theodore S | Broadband repeater with security for ultrawideband technologies |
JP5219518B2 (ja) | 2004-12-09 | 2013-06-26 | ザ ファウンドリー, エルエルシー | 大動脈弁修復 |
US7478021B2 (en) * | 2005-03-07 | 2009-01-13 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Method and means for generating high-order hermite functions for simulation of electromagnetic wave devices |
US7298312B2 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-11-20 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Detecting small, time domain impulsive communications signals |
AU2005334258A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-18 | Catcher Inc. | Portable handheld security device |
FR2890772B1 (fr) * | 2005-09-09 | 2012-03-16 | Thales Sa | Procede et systeme de localisation d'individus a l'interieur d'un batiment |
US7920088B2 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2011-04-05 | Scott Randall Thompson | Apparatus and method to identify targets through opaque barriers |
US7665663B2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2010-02-23 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Method and apparatus for target discrimination within return signals |
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KR20060022226A (ko) | 2006-03-09 |
CA2518865A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
CA2518865C (en) | 2012-01-24 |
US20040178942A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
CN1788213A (zh) | 2006-06-14 |
CN1788213B (zh) | 2010-09-08 |
KR101017463B1 (ko) | 2011-02-25 |
WO2005001513A3 (en) | 2005-05-26 |
JP2007515620A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
US6806821B2 (en) | 2004-10-19 |
EP1601990B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
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