JP5184752B2 - Stereo microscope - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope that can observe a specimen in three dimensions.

  Conventionally, stereomicroscopes have been widely used in the manufacturing and medical fields. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a general configuration of an optical system included in the stereomicroscope. As shown in this figure, the stereomicroscope includes an objective lens 22, a zoom lens body 23, and a lens barrel 24 above the specimen SP ′ placed on the glass plate 21. The zoom lens body 23 has two zooming optical systems 23L and 23R capable of zooming zooming, and the lens barrel 24 displays a specimen image of the specimen SP ′ corresponding to each of the zooming optical systems 23L and 23R. It has imaging optical systems 24L and 24R for imaging. The imaging optical systems 24L and 24R are configured using imaging lenses 24La and 24Ra, prisms 24Lb and 24Rb, and eyepiece lenses 24Lc and 24Rc, respectively.

  The variable magnification optical systems 23L and 23R receive light emitted from the specimen SP 'in different directions via the objective lens 22, respectively. The imaging lenses 24La and 24Ra receive the light emitted from the variable magnification optical systems 23L and 23R, respectively, and form sample images. The prisms 24Lb and 24Rb respectively convert sample images as inverted images formed by the imaging lenses 24La and 24Ra into erect images. Each sample image converted into an erect image is observed through the eyepieces 24Lc and 24Rc.

  On the other hand, FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of a binocular tube for a stereoscopic microscope disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in this figure, the binocular tube described in Patent Document 1 includes an imaging lens 31, a Porro prism composed of an incident prism 32, an output prism 33 and an intermediate prism 34, a parallel prism 35, and an eyepiece lens 36. It is comprised using. Thus, in Patent Document 1, a compact binocular tube with a shallow barrel angle is realized.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-54941

  By the way, in the stereomicroscope, it is necessary to realize proper stereoscopic vision so that fatigue or discomfort does not occur when the specimen is observed. For this reason, for example, in the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 13, the distance L between the optical axes of the left and right variable magnification optical systems 23L and 23R is set to a predetermined value so that the inward angle α of the left and right observation axes is an appropriate angle. In addition, the distance between the optical axes of the imaging optical systems 24L and 24R is set equal to the distance L between the optical axes.

  On the other hand, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for fluorescence observation of specimens using a stereomicroscope. Therefore, for example, in the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 13, it is necessary to increase the numerical aperture (NA) of the objective lens 22 and the variable magnification optical systems 23L and 23R so that the specimen can be observed more brightly. In this case, it is necessary to make the distance L between the optical axes larger than the value corresponding to the inward angle α in accordance with the configuration convenience of the zooming / magnifying mechanism corresponding to the variable magnification optical systems 23L and 23R.

  As described above, in the stereoscopic microscope, a plurality of zoom mirrors in which the distance between the optical axes of the two variable magnification optical systems arranged in parallel is different depending on whether the stereoscopic view suitable for observation is realized or the sample is observed brightly. It is necessary to use the body. However, in the stereomicroscope according to the prior art, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, a lens barrel that can reduce fatigue feeling during specimen observation by reducing the angle of the lens barrel is realized. A lens barrel that can be applied to a zoom lens body having a different inter-axis distance has not been realized, and there has been a problem in that a dedicated lens tube must be provided for each zoom lens body.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stereomicroscope that can realize stereoscopic vision suitable for specimen observation and brighter observation with the same lens barrel. .

To solve the above problems and achieve the object, the stereomicroscope according to Claim 1, on the illumination frame having an internal illumination optical system, a first objective lens, a first zoom lens body, and focusing Organization, comprising a binocular stereoscope barrel, and a binocular eyepiece, further, a second objective lens for replaceable with the first objective lens, the interchangeable first zoom lens body a real body microscope and a second zoom lens body, the focusing mechanism is fixed on the lighting frame, the binocular stereoscope barrel is provided with a first and a second imaging optical system The first zoom lens body is provided on the illumination frame via the focusing mechanism, the binocular stereo barrel and the eyepiece lens are mounted on the top, and the first objective lens is mounted on the bottom. , internal zooming or stepwise variable magnification first and second variable magnification optical system is provided, et al And has first and second variable magnification optical system converts the parallel light beam incident respectively into a parallel beam of a different beam diameter emitted, symmetrically with respect to the optical axis OA of the first objective lens The optical axis distance between the optical axes OL1 and OR1 of the first and second variable magnification optical systems is set to the first distance L1. each of the second variable magnification optical system effective diameter 3LA, 3RA is provided around the optical axis OL1, OR1 respectively, the second zoom lens body is provided on the illumination platform via the focusing mechanism, the binocular stereoscope barrel Contact and the ocular lens is mounted on the top, the second objective lens is attached to the bottom, third and fourth variable power optical system capable of zooming or stepwise zooming inside provided, third and fourth variable magnification optical system, different light flux diameter of the parallel beam incident respectively Injection is converted into parallel light beams, symmetrically with respect to the optical axis OA of the second objective lens are arranged in a first direction, the second objective lens, the third and fourth variable magnification optical system Respectively have an effective diameter corresponding to a large NA as compared with the first objective lens and the first and second variable magnification optical systems, and the optical axes OL2, OL2 of the third and fourth variable magnification optical systems, respectively . The distance between the optical axes between OR2 is set to a second distance L2 that is larger than the first distance L1 , and the effective diameters 13LA and 13RA of the third and fourth variable magnification optical systems are respectively optical axes OL2 and The distance between the optical axes of the first and second imaging optical systems is fixed at a third distance within the range of the first distance L1 to the second distance L2 provided around OR2. The first imaging optical system has an effective diameter 5LA of an effective diameter 3LA of the first variable power optical system and an effective diameter 1 of the third variable power optical system. The size is set to include 3LA, and the sample image can be formed without causing vignetting on the parallel light beams incident from the first and third variable magnification optical systems. The optical system is set so that the effective diameter 5RA includes the effective diameter 3RA of the second variable power optical system and the effective diameter 13 RA of the fourth variable power optical system. A specimen image can be formed without causing vignetting on a parallel light beam incident from the double optical system , and the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel is combined with either the first zoom lens body or the second zoom lens body. In this case, a specimen image can be formed .

Further, in the stereomicroscope according to claim 2, in the above invention, the first distance L1 and the second distance L2 are represented by the following formulas:
1.08 <(L2 / L1) <1.3
It is characterized by satisfying.

Further, the stereomicroscope according to claim 3, in the above invention, during the were first zoom lens body or the second zoom lens body and the binocular stereoscope barrel, the epi-illumination against the specimen an illumination unit having an illumination optical science system for performing the intermediate zooming unit having an intermediate variable magnification optical system that change the imaging magnification of the specimen image, varying a characteristic of light to image the specimen image a filter unit have a filter optical system, and providing a least one Chi caries an imaging unit having an imaging optical system for imaging the specimen image.

  According to the stereomicroscope according to the present invention, stereoscopic vision suitable for specimen observation and brighter observation can be realized by the same lens barrel.

  Preferred embodiments of a stereomicroscope according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In the description of the drawings, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Furthermore, in the drawings to be referred to, an XY coordinate system set for convenience with respect to the stereomicroscope according to the present invention is appropriately attached and shown.

(Embodiment 1)
First, the stereomicroscope according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a main configuration of the stereomicroscope 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a stereomicroscope 100 includes an objective lens 2, a zoom mirror body 3 as a zoom unit, a focusing mechanism 4, and a lens barrel unit on an illumination base 1 having an illumination optical system therein. And a binocular eyepiece 6. The stereomicroscope 100 includes an objective lens 12 and a zoom lens body 13 that are replaceable with the objective lens 2 and the zoom lens body 3, and includes a binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 that is replaceable with respect to the zoom lens bodies 3 and 13. .

  The zoom lens body 3 is provided on the illumination base 1 via the focusing mechanism 4, the objective lens 2 is attached to the bottom, and the binocular stereo barrel 5 and the eyepiece 6 are mounted on the top. In addition, the zoom lens body 3 is provided with two variable power optical systems, and the variable power optical system is interlocked with the rotation operation of the zoom handle 3h protruding from the side surface of the zoom lens body 3. And zoomed. Details of the zoom optical system will be described later.

  The focusing mechanism 4 is configured by using a fixed portion 4a fixed to a support portion 7 protruding on the illumination base 1 and a movable portion 4b attached to the fixed portion 4a so as to be movable up and down. . The fixed portion 4a and the movable portion 4b are engaged by a rack and pinion (not shown), and the movable portion 4b is interlocked with the turning operation of the focusing handle 4c projecting from the side surface thereof, and is fixed to the fixed portion 4a. Move up and down. As a result, the focusing mechanism 4 moves the objective lens 2, the binocular stereo barrel 5 and the eyepiece lens 6 together with the zoom lens body 3 attached to the movable portion 4b to perform focusing on the specimen SP.

  The specimen SP is placed on the glass plate 8 fitted on the upper surface portion of the illumination base 1 and is arranged in the vicinity of the optical axis OA of the objective lens 2 and is provided in the illumination base 1 and is not shown. Transmission illumination is performed using an optical system. The illuminated specimen SP is observed through the objective lens 2, the zoom lens body 3, the binocular stereo barrel 5 and the eyepiece lens 6.

  Next, an optical system provided in the stereomicroscope 100 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a main part of an optical system provided in the zoom lens body 3 and the binocular stereo barrel 5. 3 is a perspective view of the optical system provided in the binocular entity barrel 5 as viewed from the direction of arrow III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 shows the optical system shown in FIG. 3 is a side view as viewed from the right side of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the zoom lens body 3 includes two variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R capable of zooming magnification. The variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R are both configured using lenses 3a to 3c, and each incident parallel light beam is converted into a parallel light beam having a different light beam diameter and emitted. The variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R are arranged in parallel in the X-axis direction symmetrically with respect to the optical axis OA of the objective lens 2, and the distance L1 between the optical axes OL1 and OR1 is the observation of the specimen SP. For example, the value is set to 22 mm as a value suitable for stereoscopic viewing.

  In addition, generally the range of 20-24 mm is suitable for the distance L1 between optical axes. If the distance L1 between the optical axes is shorter than 20 mm, the inward angle of the observation axis with respect to the specimen SP becomes too small, so that the effect of stereoscopic vision is reduced. Further, if the distance L1 between the optical axes is longer than 24 mm, the lens diameter of the objective lens 2 becomes too large, so that it is difficult to work on the specimen.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 includes imaging optical systems 5 </ b> L and 5 </ b> R serving as lens barrel optical systems. The imaging optical systems 5L and 5R are configured bilaterally symmetrical using imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra, Porro prisms 5Lb and 5Rb, and triangular prism pairs 5Lc and 5Rc, respectively. The triangular prism pairs 5Lc and 5Rc are provided so as to be rotatable about the incident optical axes from the Porro prisms 5Lb and 5Rb, respectively, and thereby the eye width adjustment in the binocular eyepiece 6 is performed.

  In the stereoscopic microscope 100 configured as described above, the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R receive light emitted from the specimen SP in different directions via the objective lens 2, respectively. The imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra receive the light emitted from the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R, respectively, and form a sample image. The Porro prisms 5Lb and 5Rb respectively convert sample images as inverted images formed by the imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra into erect images. Each sample image converted into an erect image is observed through the pair of triangular prisms 5Lc and 5Rc and the binocular eyepiece 6.

  On the other hand, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a main configuration of the optical system when the objective lens 12 and the zoom lens body 13 are provided instead of the objective lens 2 and the zoom lens body 3. As shown in this figure, the zoom lens body 13 includes two variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R capable of zooming magnification. The variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R are configured by using lenses 13a to 13c, and are arranged in parallel in the X-axis direction symmetrically with respect to the optical axis OA, similarly to the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R. The variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R convert the incident parallel light beams into parallel light beams having different light beam diameters and emit the converted parallel light beams.

  The objective lens 12 and the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R have an effective diameter corresponding to a larger NA than the objective lens 2 and the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R, respectively. For this reason, in the stereomicroscope 100, by using the objective lens 12 and the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R, a brighter observation can be performed as compared with the case where the objective lens 2 and the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R are used. Can do.

  The optical axis distance L2 between the optical axes OL2 and OR2 of the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R is that the effective diameter of the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R is enlarged as compared with the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R. Along with this, a value larger than the distance L1 between the optical axes, specifically, for example, 25 mm is set. For this reason, the optical axes OL2 and OR2 of the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R are provided at positions outside the optical axes OL1 and OR1 of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R included in the binocular stereo barrel 5, respectively. .

  Here, the relationship between the effective diameters of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R and the effective diameters of the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R and the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a correspondence relationship between effective diameters of these optical systems. As shown in this figure, the effective diameters 3LA and 3RA of the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R are provided around the optical axes OL1 and OR1, respectively. The effective diameters 13LA and 13RA of the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R are The optical axes OL2 and OR2 are provided as centers.

  On the other hand, the effective diameter 5LA of the imaging optical system 5L is set to a size including the effective diameters 3LA and 13LA while being provided around the optical axis OL1. Similarly, the effective diameter 5RA of the imaging optical system 5R is set to a size that includes the effective diameters 3RA and 13RA while being provided with the optical axis OR1 as the center.

  Thereby, the imaging optical system 5L can form a sample image without causing vignetting on the parallel light beams incident from the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 13L. Similarly, the imaging optical system 5R can form a sample image without causing vignetting on the parallel light beams incident from the variable magnification optical systems 3R and 13R. For this reason, the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 can form a sample image without causing one-sided blurring or lack of peripheral light amount when combined with any of the zoom lens bodies 3 and 13.

  When the zoom mirror 13 is used, the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R are decentered with respect to the imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra, respectively, but are incident on the imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra from the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R. The specimen image is formed at the same position as that when the zoom mirror 3 is used.

  As described above, the stereoscopic microscope 100 according to the first embodiment includes the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 that is exchangeable with respect to the zoom lens bodies 3 and 13, and the imaging optical system 5 </ b> L included in the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5. , 5R are effective diameters 3LA, 3RA of the variable magnification optical systems 3L, 3R of the zoom lens body 3 and effective diameters 13LA, 13RA of the variable magnification optical systems 13L, 13R of the zoom lens body 13, respectively. It is set to a size that includes For this reason, the same binocular is used in the case of using the zoom mirror 3 and the objective lens 2 that realize stereoscopic viewing suitable for specimen observation and in the case of using the zoom mirror 13 and the objective lens 12 that realize brighter observation. Observation can be performed using the body barrel 5.

  In the first embodiment, the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 is not limited to the zoom lens bodies 3 and 13 and can include the effective diameter of the variable magnification optical system included in various zoom lens bodies. The zoom lens body can be used for general purposes. For this reason, in a stereomicroscope system in which the zoom lens body is realized in various configurations, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated binocular stereo barrel for each zoom lens body, and observation can be performed with the same binocular stereo barrel 5. . As a result, the system performance can be improved by reducing the number of constituent units, and the system can be provided at low cost. Note that the application of the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 is not limited to the same stereomicroscope 100, and can be applied to other stereomicroscopes for general purposes.

On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the distance L2 between the optical axes of the zoom mirror 13 is set to 25 mm. However, it is not necessary to interpret the numerical value limited to this value, for example, between the optical axes of the zoom mirror 3 When the distance L1 is 22 mm, it is preferable to set the distance L2 between the optical axes within a range of 24 to 28 mm. If the distance L2 between the optical axes is shorter than 24 mm, the difference from the distance L1 between the optical axes is reduced, and the difference in optical characteristics between the zoom mirror 3 and the zoom mirror 13 is reduced. The meaning as a system provided with a zoom lens body fades. On the other hand, if the distance L2 between the optical axes is longer than 28 mm, the difference in the distance between the optical axes between the zoom mirror 3 and the zoom mirror 13 becomes too large, so that the imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra can secure an effective diameter. However, the difference in optical performance between the zoom mirrors 3 and 13 may become too large. From the above, it is desirable that the distances L1 and L2 between the optical axes satisfy the following relational expression.
1.08 <(L2 / L1) <1.3

  In the first embodiment, the distance between the optical axes of the binocular body barrel 5 is made to coincide with the distance between the optical axes of the zoom mirror 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be made to coincide with the distance between the axes, or may be made to coincide with the intermediate value of the distance between the optical axes of the zoom mirrors 3 and 13.

(Reference example)
Next, a stereomicroscope as a reference example will be described. In the first embodiment described above, the distance between the optical axes of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R included in the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 is fixed, and the effective diameters of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R are various zoom lens bodies. In this reference example , according to the distance between the optical axes of the variable magnification optical system included in the zoom lens body, the imaging optical system included in the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel is included. The distance between the optical axes can be changed.

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are diagrams showing the main configuration of the optical system provided in the stereomicroscope 200 according to the present reference example . The stereo microscope 200 includes a binocular stereo barrel 15 instead of the binocular stereo barrel 5 based on the configuration of the stereo microscope 100. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the binocular entity barrel 15 includes imaging optical systems 15L and 15R instead of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R based on the configuration of the binocular entity barrel 5. . The imaging optical systems 15L and 15R are configured similarly to the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R, using imaging lenses 15La and 15Ra, Porro prisms 15Lb and 15Rb, and triangular prism pairs 15Lc and 15Rc, respectively.

  The imaging optical systems 15L and 15R are integrally provided so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. As a result, the optical axis distance L3 between the optical axes OL and OR is the distance between the optical axes of the two variable power optical systems included in the zoom lens body for each zoom lens body combined with the binocular body barrel 15. It can be changed to match. Further, the effective diameters of the imaging optical systems 15L and 15R are set to include the largest effective diameter among the effective diameters of various zoom lens bodies that can be combined with the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 15.

  For this reason, the binocular entity lens barrel 15 has an optical axis OL of the imaging optical systems 15L and 15R with respect to each optical axis of the two variable magnification optical systems included in each zoom lens body. Each OR can be matched. The imaging optical systems 15L and 15R can always sharply form the sample image without causing vignetting in the parallel light beams incident from the variable magnification optical system. The binocular eyepiece 6 is moved integrally with the imaging optical systems 15L and 15R while being attached to the imaging optical systems 15L and 15R, respectively.

As described above, in the stereomicroscope 200 according to the present reference example , the zoom optical mirrors 15L and 15R having the optical axis distance L3 of the two image forming optical systems 15L and 15R are different for each zoom mirror. It can be changed so as to coincide with the distance between the optical axes of the two variable power optical systems included in the body. For this reason, it is possible to perform observation with the same binocular entity lens barrel 15 on the zoom lens bodies having different optical axis distances of the variable magnification optical system. Thereby, stereoscopic vision suitable for specimen observation and brighter observation can be realized by the same binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 15.

  Further, in the stereomicroscope 200, the effective diameters of the imaging optical systems 15L and 15R are such that the largest effective diameter is included among the effective diameters of various zoom lens bodies that can be combined with the binocular stereo barrel 15. Is set. For this reason, the imaging optical systems 15L and 15R can have a smaller effective diameter than the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R, and can be configured compactly.

Further, in the present reference example , as in the first embodiment, the binocular stereo barrel 15 can be used for various zoom mirrors in general, so that the zoom mirrors are realized as different configurations. In the microscope system, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated binocular stereo barrel for each zoom lens body, the number of constituent units can be reduced, the system performance can be improved, and the system can be provided at low cost.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a stereomicroscope according to the second embodiment will be described. In Embodiment 1 described above, the effective diameters of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R included in the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5 include the effective diameters of the variable magnification optical systems included in various zoom lens bodies. In the second embodiment, an intermediate lens barrel is further provided between the zoom lens body and the binocular body lens barrel, and the effective diameter of the optical system included in the intermediate lens tube is a variable magnification optical system included in various zoom lens bodies. The effective diameter is included.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a main configuration of the stereomicroscope 300 according to the second embodiment . As shown in FIG. 9, the stereoscopic microscope 300 includes an illumination unit 9 as an intermediate lens barrel between the zoom lens 3 or the zoom lens 13 and the binocular stereo barrel 5 based on the configuration of the stereomicroscope 100. Further, the illumination unit 9 is provided so as to be exchangeable with respect to the zoom lens bodies 3 and 13. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components.

  FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are diagrams showing the main configuration of an optical system provided in the zoom lens body 3, the illumination unit 9, and the binocular stereo barrel 5 inside. 10 is a front view seen from the negative Y-axis direction (left direction in FIG. 9), and FIG. 11 is a side view seen from the negative X-axis direction (left direction in FIG. 10). As shown in these drawings, the illumination unit 9 includes two illumination optical systems on the left and right as the lens barrel optical system. The left and right illumination optical systems are configured symmetrically using half mirrors 9La and 9Ra, illumination lenses 9Lb and 9Rb, and fiber light guides 9Lc and 9Rc, respectively.

  In the stereoscopic microscope 300 configured as described above, the illumination lenses 9Lb and 9Rb collect the illumination light emitted from the fiber light guides 9Lc and 9Rc, respectively, and each illumination light is half mirrors 9La and 9Ra, and a variable magnification optical system. By irradiating through 3L, 3R and the objective lens 2, epi-illumination is performed on the specimen SP. Similarly, when the objective lens 2 and the zoom lens body 3 are replaced with the objective lens 12 and the zoom lens body 13, the illumination lenses 9Lb and 9Rb respectively collect the respective illumination lights that are condensed into the half mirrors 9La, 9Ra, By irradiating through the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R and the objective lens 12, epi-illumination is performed on the specimen SP. Note that the specimen image of the specimen SP illuminated by the illumination unit 9 is observed through the binocular eyepiece 6 in the same manner as the stereomicroscope 100.

  Here, the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R included in the binocular body barrel 5, the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R included in the zoom mirror 3, the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R included in the zoom mirror 13 and the illumination unit 9 are provided. The correspondence relationship between the effective diameters of the optical systems will be described for the left and right illumination optical systems. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the correspondence. As shown in this figure, the effective diameters 3LA and 3RA of the variable magnification optical systems 3L and 3R, the effective diameters 13LA and 13RA of the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R, and the effective diameters 5LA of the imaging optical systems 5L and 5R, 5RA is set in the same manner as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 6).

  On the other hand, each effective diameter 9LA1 of the half mirror 9La is set to a size including the effective diameters 3LA and 13LA while being provided around the optical axis OL1. Similarly, the effective diameter 9RA1 of the half mirror 9Ra is provided with the optical axis OR1 as the center and is set to a size including the effective diameters 3RA and 13RA. The effective diameters 9LA2 and 9RA2 of the illumination lenses 9Lb and 9Rb are set equal to the effective diameters 5LA and 5RA of the imaging lenses 5La and 5Ra, respectively.

  Accordingly, the left and right illumination optical systems of the illumination unit 9 can perform epi-illumination without causing vignetting on the corresponding variable magnification optical systems 3L and 13L and variable magnification optical systems 3R and 13R, respectively. For this reason, the illumination unit 9 can uniformly illuminate the specimen SP without causing a shortage of the peripheral light amount when combined with any of the zoom mirrors 3 and 13.

  When the zoom mirror 13 is used, the left and right illumination optical systems of the illumination unit 9 are decentered with respect to the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R, respectively, but the left and right illumination optical systems are changed to the variable magnification optical systems 13L and 13R. Since the light supplied to is a parallel light beam, the illumination area for the specimen SP is equal to the illumination area when the zoom mirror 3 is used.

As described above, the stereomicroscope 300 according to the second embodiment includes the illumination unit 9 that can be exchanged with respect to the zoom mirrors 3 and 13, and the effective diameters 9LA1 of the half mirrors 9La and 9Ra that the illumination unit 9 has. , 9RA1 and effective diameters 9LA2, 9RA2 of the illumination lenses 9Lb, 9Rb are respectively effective diameters 3LA, 3RA of the variable magnification optical systems 3L, 3R of the zoom mirror 3 and variable magnification optical systems 13L, 13R of the zoom mirror 13. Is set to a size that includes the effective diameters 13LA and 13RA. For this reason, it is possible to realize illumination corresponding to stereoscopic vision suitable for specimen observation and brighter observation using the same illumination unit 9.

In the second embodiment , the illumination unit 9 is not limited to the zoom mirrors 3 and 13 and can include the effective diameter of the variable magnification optical system included in the various zoom mirrors. Can be used universally for the body. For this reason, in the stereoscopic microscope system in which the zoom lens body is realized in various configurations, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated illumination unit for each zoom lens body, and illumination can be performed by the same illumination unit 9. As a result, the system performance can be improved by reducing the number of constituent units, and the system can be provided at low cost. The application of the illumination unit 9 is not limited to the same stereomicroscope 300, and can be applied to other stereomicroscopes for general purposes.

Further, in the second embodiment, the illumination unit 9 has been described as an intermediate lens barrel provided between the zoom lens bodies 3 and 13 and the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5, but the intermediate lens barrel as the lens barrel unit according to the present invention. Is not limited to the illumination unit, for example, an intermediate magnification unit that further changes the imaging magnification from the magnification range of the magnification optical system of the zoom mirror, and filter optics that changes the characteristics of the light that forms the sample image It may be a filter unit having a system, an imaging unit having an imaging optical system for capturing a specimen image, or the like.

In the second embodiment , the stereoscopic microscope 300 includes the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 5, but may include the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel 15 according to the reference example . Further, the distance L3 between the optical axes of the left and right illumination optical systems in the illumination unit 9 may be freely changeable, similar to the distance between the optical axes in the binocular entity barrel 15.

Until now, although the best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described as Embodiment 1-2 of the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present invention, various Can be modified.

For example, in the 1-2 embodiment described above has been described variable magnification optical system having the zoom lens member 3,13 as a zoom magnification can be variable power optical system, stepwise scaling is not limited to a zoom magnification A variable magnification optical system for performing

Also, in the 1-2 embodiment described above, although binocular stereoscope barrel 5 and 15 has been described as a binocular tube having the ocular lens 6 binocular, further it can be mounted to the imaging device such as a CCD camera on top A trinocular can also be used.

(Appendix 1)
A variable power unit having two variable power optical systems arranged side by side;
Two lens barrel optical systems connected to the two variable magnification optical systems, respectively, and the two variable magnification optical systems are provided interchangeably with respect to the plurality of variable magnification units having different distances between optical axes. A lens barrel unit;
And a stereoscopic microscope characterized in that the effective diameter of the lens barrel optical system is a size including the effective diameter of each variable magnification optical system of the different variable magnification units.

(Appendix 2)
A variable power unit having two variable power optical systems arranged side by side;
Two lens barrel optical systems connected to the two variable magnification optical systems, respectively, and the two variable magnification optical systems are provided interchangeably with respect to the plurality of variable magnification units having different distances between optical axes. A lens barrel unit;
The distance between the optical axes of the two lens barrel optical systems can be changed so as to coincide with the distance between the optical axes of the two variable magnification optical systems for each of the variable magnification units. Stereo microscope.

(Appendix 3)
The zooming unit includes first and second zooming optical systems having different optical axis distances between the two zooming optical systems,
The optical axis distance L1 in the first variable power optical system and the optical axis distance L2 in the second variable power optical system satisfy the following expression, according to appendix 1 or 2, Stereo microscope.
1.08 <(L2 / L1) <1.3

(Appendix 4)
The lens barrel unit includes a lens barrel having an imaging lens that forms a specimen image of the specimen, an illumination unit having an illumination optical system that performs epi-illumination on the specimen, and an imaging magnification of the specimen image An intermediate variable unit having an intermediate variable optical system that changes the image, a filter unit having a filter optical system that changes the characteristics of light that forms the sample image, and an imaging optical system that images the sample image The stereomicroscope according to appendix 1 or 2, including at least one of the imaging unit provided.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the stereomicroscope concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the optical system with which the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a figure which shows the structure of the imaging optical system with which the binocular substance barrel shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a figure which shows the structure of the imaging optical system with which the binocular substance barrel shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a figure which shows the structure of the optical system with which the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a figure which shows the corresponding relationship of the effective diameter in the binocular stereotype lens barrel and zoom lens body shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the optical system with which the stereomicroscope concerning a reference example is provided. It is a figure which shows the structure of the imaging optical system with which the binocular stereo barrel shown in FIG. 7 is provided. It is a figure which shows the structure of the stereomicroscope concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the optical system with which the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 9 is provided. It is a figure which shows the structure of the optical system with which the stereomicroscope shown in FIG. 9 is provided. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between effective diameters in the binocular stereo barrel, the zoom lens body, and the illumination unit illustrated in FIG. 9. It is a figure which shows the structure of the stereomicroscope concerning a prior art. It is a figure which shows the structure of the binocular tube with which the stereomicroscope concerning a prior art is equipped.

Explanation of symbols

1,21,41 Illumination base 2,12 Objective lens 3,13 Zoom lens body 3L, 3R, 13L, 13R Variable magnification optical system 3LA, 3RA, 13LA, 13RA Effective diameter 3a-3c, 13a-13c Lens 3h Zoom handle 4 Focusing mechanism 4a Fixed portion 4b Movable portion 4c Focusing handle 5,15 Binocular stereo barrel 5L, 5R, 15L, 15R Imaging optical system 5LA, 5RA Effective diameter 5La, 5Ra, 15La, 15Ra Imaging lens 5Lb, 5Rb, 15Lb, 15Rb Porro prism 5Lc, 5Rc, 15Lc, 15Rc Triangular prism pair 6 Eyepiece 7 Support section 8 Glass plate 9 Illumination unit 9LA1, 9LA2, 9RA1, 9RA2 Effective diameter 9La, 9Ra Half mirror 9Lb, 9Rb Illumination lens 9Lc, 9Rc Fiber Light guide 21 glass Rate 22 Objective lens 23 Zoom lens body 24 Lens barrel 24L, 24R Imaging optical system 24La, 24Ra Imaging lens 24Lb, 24Rb Prism 24Lc, 24Rc Eyepiece 31 Imaging lens 32 Incident prism 33 Emission prism 34 Intermediate prism 35 Parallel prism 36 Eyepiece 100, 200, 300 Stereo microscope L, L1 to L3 Distance between optical axes OA, OL, OL1, OL2, OR, OR1, OR2 Optical axes SP, SP 'Specimen

Claims (3)

A first objective lens, a first zoom lens body, a focusing mechanism, a binocular body barrel, and a binocular eyepiece are provided on an illumination base having an illumination optical system therein, and A stereomicroscope comprising: a second objective lens exchangeable with the objective lens; and a second zoom mirror exchangeable with the first zoom mirror,
The focusing mechanism is fixed on the illumination base,
The binocular stereoscopic lens barrel includes first and second imaging optical systems,
The first zoom lens body is provided on the illumination base via the focusing mechanism, the binocular stereo barrel and the eyepiece lens are mounted on the top, and the first objective lens is attached to the bottom, Are provided with first and second zooming optical systems capable of zoom zooming or stepwise zooming, and the first and second zooming optical systems convert incident parallel beams of different beam diameters, respectively. The light beams are converted into parallel light beams and emitted, and are arranged in parallel in the first direction symmetrically with respect to the optical axis OA of the first objective lens, and each optical axis OL1,1 of the first and second variable power optical systems. The distance between the optical axes between OR1 is set to the first distance L1, and the effective diameters 3LA and 3RA of the first and second variable magnification optical systems are provided around the optical axes OL1 and OR1, respectively.
The second zoom lens body is provided on the illumination base via the focusing mechanism, the binocular stereo barrel and the eyepiece are mounted on the top, and the second objective lens is attached to the bottom, Are provided with third and fourth variable magnification optical systems capable of zoom magnification or stepwise magnification. The third and fourth variable magnification optical systems convert incident parallel light beams of different light beam diameters, respectively. The light beam is converted into a parallel light beam and emitted, and is arranged in parallel in the first direction symmetrically with respect to the optical axis OA of the second objective lens. The second objective lens, the third and fourth variable power optical systems Respectively have an effective diameter corresponding to a large NA as compared with the first objective lens and the first and second variable magnification optical systems, and the optical axes OL2, OL2 of the third and fourth variable magnification optical systems, respectively. The distance between the optical axes between OR2 is set to a second distance L2 that is larger than the first distance L1, and the third and 4 of the effective diameter 13LA of the variable magnification optical system, 13Ra are respectively provided around the optical axis OL2, OR @ 2,
The distance between the optical axes of the first and second imaging optical systems is fixed to a third distance within the range of the first distance L1 to the second distance L2.
The first imaging optical system has an effective diameter 5LA set to a size that includes an effective diameter 3LA of the first variable magnification optical system and an effective diameter 13LA of the third variable optical system, The sample image can be formed without causing vignetting on the parallel light beam incident from the third variable power optical system, and the second image forming optical system has an effective diameter 5RA of the second variable power optical system. The size is set to include the effective diameter 3RA of the system and the effective diameter 13RA of the fourth variable power optical system without causing vignetting on the parallel light beams incident from the second and fourth variable power optical systems. A sample image can be formed, and the binocular stereoscopic lens barrel can form a sample image when combined with either the first zoom lens body or the second zoom lens body.
Stereo microscope.
The stereomicroscope according to claim 1,
The first distance L1 and the second distance L2 satisfy the following equation:
Stereo microscope.
1.08 <(L2 / L1) <1.3
The stereomicroscope according to claim 1,
Between the first zoom lens body or the second zoom lens body and the binocular stereo barrel,
An illumination unit having an illumination optical system for performing epi-illumination on the specimen;
An intermediate magnification unit having an intermediate magnification optical system for changing the imaging magnification of the sample image;
A filter unit having a filter optical system that changes the characteristics of the light that forms the sample image;
Providing at least one of an imaging unit having an imaging optical system for imaging the sample image;
Stereo microscope.

Images