JPH0718976B2 - Stereomicroscope - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope that is used in, for example, surgery and has a second observation optical system that can quickly assist an operator during surgery. Is.

[Prior Art] Stereomicroscopes are widely used for medical purposes such as surgery and examination, for research purposes, and for industrial purposes, and are useful for improving precision and safety during surgery.

Generally, when performing an operation using a surgical microscope, an assistant assists while observing from the side of the operator. Therefore, the assistant needs to constantly observe the same affected area as the operator stereoscopically. However, in this type of conventional stereomicroscope, the observation optical system for the assistant is greatly deviated from the operator's observation direction,
There are many structures that cannot be viewed stereoscopically. In the invention of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-39364, which solves this problem, the assistant is able to perform stereoscopic observation almost in the same manner as the operator, but the assistant can only see the operator in a certain direction. It cannot be located and the range of movement of the assistant is limited. Although the present applicant has already proposed a patent application aimed at improving the limitation of the movable range, it cannot be said to be sufficient yet.

Prior to describing the present invention, a conventional example will be described.
FIG. 4 shows the optical system of a conventional surgical microscope, in which the affected area E includes two eyepieces 4 by the operator through the objective lens 1, two sets of zoom lenses 2a and 2b and beam splitters 3a and 3b.
Stereoscopic observation is performed from a and 4b. On the other hand, when observing the affected area E, the assistant observes from a direction L ′ which is completely different from the operator's observation direction between the affected area E and the objective lens 1 or the left and right eyes via the beam splitter 3b. Observation system in one direction L
It is designed to separate the light flux from and observe it.

When observing from the L direction, the affected area E cannot be stereoscopically viewed with a sufficient stereoscopic effect, and when observing from the L ′ direction, the affected area E is viewed at a different angle from the operator,
When replacing the objective lens 1 with one having a different focal length, it is necessary to also replace the objective lens of the microscope prepared in the L'direction. Furthermore, in order to observe the same field of view as before the replacement, readjustment in the direction L'must be performed.

FIG. 5 shows another conventional example in which the assistant can also view stereoscopically. When viewed from the direction of the optical axis O of the objective lens 1, the use area A of the objective lens 1 of the operator's observation optical system and the assistant's observation optical system are shown. The usage areas Aa and are fixed at positions forming 90 °. Therefore, in the conventional examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, there arises a problem that the degree of freedom of the position described above cannot be obtained.

FIG. 6 shows a conventional example according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-16736 proposed by the present applicant in order to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks.
As in the case of FIG. 4, the affected area E is observed by the operator through the objective lens 1 and 2 sets of zoom lenses 2a and 2b, beam splitters 3a and 3b, and eyepieces 4a and 4b. On the other hand, the assistant observes the affected area E through the objective lens 1, the zoom lenses 2a ', 2b', the mirrors 5a, 5b, and the eyepieces 4a ', 4b' (2b ', 5b, 4b' are not shown). The usage area Aa in the objective lens 1 of the observation optical system for the assistant is rotatable with respect to the optical system for the operator as shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 7, the use area Aa of the assistant observation optical system is a pair of areas A and Aa for the left and right eyes around the optical axis O of the objective lens 1 with respect to the use area A of the operator's observation optical system. Will rotate as a set.

The conventional examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 are significantly improved from the viewpoint of the degree of freedom of the position of the assistant as compared with the above two examples. However, since the use areas A and Aa of both observation optical systems are rotatably installed in the same space, the rotation range of the area Aa with respect to the area A still has a limitation. Particularly, in microscopic surgery in brain surgery and the like, the depth of a deep hole is often observed, and the distance d between the pair of optical systems in FIG.
Area cannot be set larger than necessary
The rotation range of Aa will be limited. In addition, due to the precision of surgery, etc., in recent years, a microscope that looks particularly bright and good is expected.Therefore, it is inappropriate to reduce the diameter of the zoom lenses 2a and 2b. There are drawbacks of limited range. Further, in the conventional example shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the use areas A and Aa of the two sets of observation optical systems occupy the periphery of the optical axis O of the objective lens 1 and the affected area E.
There is a drawback in that it is not possible to provide an area for arranging an illuminating system for illuminating the so-called coaxial illumination system.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a stereomicroscope in which the mutual observation directions of two stereoscopic observation optical systems with respect to the same subject can be freely positioned.

[Summary of the Invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is that a first row has two rows of optical systems arranged behind a common objective optical system corresponding to the left and right eyes of an examiner. One stereoscopic observation optical system and the common objective optical system behind the common objective optical system, which correspond to the left and right eyes of the second examiner and are independent of the first stereoscopic observation optical system except the common objective optical system. In a stereoscopic microscope provided with a second stereoscopic observation optical system having two rotatable optical systems arranged in a horizontal direction, the rotation range of the two rows of optical systems of the second stereoscopic observation optical system is The stereomicroscope is characterized in that it is offset to one side of a region divided by the center line of the base line of the optical system of the two rows of the stereoscopic observation optical system of No. 1.

Embodiments of the Invention The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a stereomicroscope, and the main observation optical system has a configuration similar to that of the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, except that an optical axis deflecting prism is provided laterally between the objective lens 1 and the zoom lens 2b. Through two sets of zoom lenses 2a ', 2b' and eyepiece 4
A sub-observation optical system including a'and 4b '(2b' and 4b 'are not shown) is provided.

Also, as shown in FIG. 2, when viewed from the direction of the optical axis O of the objective lens 1, the good use regions A and Aa of the main observation optical system and the sub-observation optical system on the objective lens 1 have T-shaped base lines. Further, the optical axis O of the objective lens 1 is decentered from the center line M of the base line of the main observation optical system, and for example, the sub-observation optical system has an optical axis O'close to the main observation optical system as a rotation center. It is rotatably arranged in the direction of arrow B. As shown in FIG. 3, in the illumination optical system, the light emitted from the illumination light source 6 has a condenser lens 7, an aperture 8, a prism 9, a prism lens 10,
Further, the subject E is illuminated via the objective lens 1. At this time, the prism lens 10 is located in a part of the hatched portion shown in FIG. 2, and the image of the aperture 8 is formed at the focal position of the objective lens 1.

In the stereoscopic microscope having such a configuration, the main examiner observes the inspected portion E from the T direction in FIG. 2 and the sub examiner observes the inspected portion E from the U direction. Since the arrangement is as shown in FIG. 2, the shaded portion on the objective lens 1 is a free area, and a coaxial illumination optical system for illuminating the portion E to be inspected through the objective lens 1 is provided here. Is possible.

Here, since the optical axis O of the objective lens 1 is decentered from the center line M of the base line of the main observation optical system, the use areas A and Aa of the main observation optical system and the sub observation optical system are efficiently positioned on the objective lens 1. The objective lens 1 can have a small outer diameter and a small thickness. Objective lens 1
Not only reduces the lens weight and makes the lens inexpensive, but the reflected light L1 and L2 of the illumination light shown in FIG. 3 on each surface of the objective lens 1 is mixed into each observation optical system. It has the effect of preventing this. When the objective lens 1 becomes thick and the reflecting surface moves away from each observation optical system, stray light mixed in increases and clear observation of the test object becomes impossible.

Further, since the same objective lens 1 is used for the main observation optical system and the sub-observation optical system, it is possible to use it as a stereomicroscope having different working distances by only replacing the objective lens 1 with one having a different focal length. . As a method of increasing the degree of freedom of the sub-inspector in the observation direction, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a main observation optical system and a sub observation optical system are arranged, and the sub observation optical system is close to the main observation optical system. Although the optical axis O'on the side to be rotated is rotatable in the direction of arrow B, the rotation range is, for example, ± 20 to 30 in consideration of mechanical interference such as coaxial illumination.
Limited to °. Further, setting the rotation center of the sub-observation optical system to be the optical axis O ′ on the side closer to the main observation optical system is effective in avoiding interference with the main observation optical system and improving coaxiality.

Further, assuming that the sub-observation optical system can be arranged mirror-symmetrically with the objective lens 1 with respect to the center line M of the base line of the main observation optical system, in FIG. It was possible to position it at about 90 ° to the left of the main examiner, which further increases the degree of freedom in the observation direction of the sub-inspector.
This may be achieved by providing the microscope body with a mount having the center line M of the base line as a plane of symmetry so that the sub-observation optical system and the objective lens 1 can be attached and detached.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the stereomicroscope according to the present invention, the rotation range of the two-row optical system of the second stereoscopic observation optical system is the two-row optical system of the first stereoscopic observation optical system. By displacing to one side of the area divided by the center line of the base line of (2), the rotatable range of the two-row optical system of the second stereoscopic observation optical system can be increased as compared with the conventional example. .

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a stereoscopic microscope according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a relative positional relationship between an objective lens and an observation optical system. 3 and 4 are relative positional relationship diagrams of the objective lens and the illumination optical system, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the first conventional example, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the second conventional example, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a third conventional example, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram thereof. Reference numeral 1 is an objective lens, 2 is a zoom optical system, 4 is an eyepiece lens, 5 is an optical axis deflection prism, 6 is an illumination light source, and 10 is a prism lens.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A first stereoscopic observation optical system having two rows of optical systems arranged behind a shared objective optical system corresponding to the left and right eyes of a first examiner, and the shared objective optical system. Behind the, there is a rotatable two-row optical system corresponding to the left and right eyes of the second examiner and arranged independently of the first stereoscopic observation optical system except the shared objective optical system. Second
In the stereoscopic microscope provided with the three-dimensional observation optical system, the rotation range of the two-row optical system of the second three-dimensional observation optical system is the center of the base line of the two-row optical system of the first three-dimensional observation optical system. A stereomicroscope characterized by being offset to one side of a region divided by a line. 2. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of common objective optical systems are prepared, and the plurality of objective optical systems can be exchanged with each other. 3. The second stereoscopic observation optical system further has an optical path deflecting means, the second stereoscopic observation optical system is optically coupled to the optical path deflecting means, and the optical path deflecting means and the first optical path deflecting means are provided. Patented that the second stereoscopic observation optical system is integrated with the first stereoscopic observation optical system, and the optical system on the side closer to the left or right of the first stereoscopic observation optical system is rotatable within a predetermined angle range. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1. 4. The second stereoscopic observation optical system among the optical systems on either side of the first stereoscopic observation optical system with respect to the optical axis of the shared objective optical system. The stereomicroscope according to claim 3, wherein the stereomicroscope is provided so as to be decentered in the optical axis direction of the optical system on the side close to. 5. The optical axis of the shared objective optical system is located on the side of the second stereoscopic observation optical system with respect to the center line of the base lines of the two rows of optical systems of the first stereoscopic observation optical system. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, which is eccentric. 6. The second stereoscopic observation optical system is detachable from the first stereoscopic observation optical system, and the first stereoscopic observation optical system is removable.
2. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1, wherein the stereoscopic observation optical system can be mounted at positions symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the base lines of the two rows of optical systems.