JP5183802B2 - 仮想化された計算機システム用の分散仮想スイッチ - Google Patents
仮想化された計算機システム用の分散仮想スイッチ Download PDFInfo
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Description
[0029]DVスイッチ350及びそのDVポート352、354は、ホスト100―1、100―2の管理された領域の物理的なNIC172、172′が利用できなければならない物理的な資源に基づいて生成される。一旦生成されると、データベース370はDVスイッチ350及びDVポート352、354の状態を記憶する。データベース370は、物理ネットワーク442を経由してホスト100―1、100―2に接続しているデータベース・コントローラ372に設けられてあってもよい。他の実施形態では、第2物理ネットワーク(図示せず)は、各ホスト100―1、100―2にインストールされた第2NIC(図示せず)を経由してデータベース・サーバ374をホスト100―1、100―2に接続して、データベース・サーバ374を、機密保護を脅かす可能性があるネットワーク資源(例えば、インターネット)から更に分離する。従って、管理された領域のホスト100―1、100―2はデータベース370にアクセスする。管理された領域は、データベース370のインスタンスによってカバーされるホスト100―1、100―2のコレクションである。所与のDVスイッチ350に大域的である状態の場合は、データベース370は、読出し専用コピーを、管理された領域のホスト100―1、100―2の各々の方にプッシュする。ホスト100―1、100―2がデータを変更する必要はなく、それに対する更新は稀であるので、すべてのホスト100―1、100―2に対する更新をプッシュすることは、容認できないオーバーヘッドを積極的に導入しない。しかしながら、所与のDVポート352、354に特有である状態は、DVポートのピア仮想ポート652、654が位置するホストによって変更させられることを必要とし、更新は頻度が高い。このように、データベース370は、DVポート状態を必要なホストの方にのみプッシュし、状態の更新のためにそのホストを周期的に、且つ特定の重要な事象周辺でポーリングする。データベース370に永久に記憶されることに加えて、あるDVスイッチ状態は、データベース370との不必要な通信を回避するために、管理された領域の各ホストにキャッシュされてもよい。データベース370にあるプロセスは、関連した更新を、管理された領域の各ホストの局所記憶装置358、358′の方にプッシュする役割を果たす。フレーズ「局所記憶装置(local storage)」は、ホストが容易にアクセス可能であるデータ記憶デバイス又はシステムを反映するために、本願明細書において広く解釈されなければならない。一実施形態において、ホスト100―1、100―2は、それらの局所記憶装置358、358′が最新であり、それらが局所記憶装置に対して為すいかなる更新も、データベース・コントローラ372のデータベース・サーバ・プロセスによって、タイムリーにデータベース370に取り戻されると常に仮定する。データベース370がオフラインであるか、又はホストがデータベース370との接続性を失うという場合には、データベース370からの更新なしで、且つそれがその局所記憶装置にもたらす変化が持続するという保証なしであるが、ホストは現在の状態で動作を続けることができる。この種の接続性の損失に関連した危険は最小である(即ち、同期メカニズムが失われる場合、回復不能なデータ損失が発生する場合がある分散ファイル・システムと異なり、ここでは共有されている資源だけが概念的である)。
[0030]一実施形態において、2レベル所有権モデルはDVポート状態に適用される。所有権の第1レベルは、どのホストが特定のDVポートの状態を変更するための権利を現在有しているかを指す。一実施形態において、データベース・コントローラ372がDVポートの状態を所与のホストの方にプッシュするときに、DVポート状態のこの種の所有権はそれによって暗に付与される。データベース・コントローラ372は、DVポート352、354のホスト所有権を付与し、取り消す役割を果たす。一旦ホスト100―1又は100―2がDVポートの所有権を受けると、データベース・コントローラ372が所有権を明確に取り消すまで、それは所有権を保持する。
[0034]一旦仮想NIC215―1がDVポート352に接続すると、仮想NICは、DVポート352が仮想ポートによって元に戻されることを要求するために、ホスト100―1のシステム・レベルのソフトウェアへの呼び出しを行うことによってリンク・アップをもたらすことを試みることができる。システム・レベルのソフトウェアは、仮想化ソフトウェア、例えば仮想化ソフトウェア600又は他のシステム・レベル・ソフトウェアでもよい。例えば、ホストとして動作しない仮想化システムで、呼び出しは、例えば図1及び2を参照して上述したように、VMカーネルに為されてもよい。呼び出しに応答して、システム・レベルのソフトウェアは、所望のネットワークへのアクセスを与えるために、DVポート352を仮想スイッチ602の仮想ポート652と関連させることができる。一旦リンク・アップがうまく完了すると、仮想NIC215―1は、ネットワーク442へ/からフレームを送受信することが可能である。
[0040]DVスイッチ及びDVポートの実行は、レジスタリング・フィルタ及びフォワーディング・エンジン・クラスによってランタイムで拡張可能である。1つのフォワーディング・エンジン・クラス(本願明細書において示されない)は各DVスイッチ350と関連し、ゼロ以上のフィルタ・クラスはDVスイッチ350と関連している。フォワーディング・クラスは、DVスイッチ350の基本的なフレーム・フォワーディング論理を実行する。フォワーディング・クラスは、どのDVポートがDVスイッチに入る各フレームを受信しなければならないかについて決定し、表示することに対する規則を含む。フォワーディング・クラスがフォワーディング決定をする役割を果たすので、各DVスイッチ350と関連した1つのフォワーディング・クラスのみがある。フォワーディング・クラスは、構成及びランタイム状態のためのDVスイッチ及びDVポートに特有のコンテキストを登録できる。フィルタ・クラスは、DVポートのためのあるタイプのモニタリング、フィルタリング、又は変換機能を実行する。各フィルタ・クラスは、1つ以上のDVポートに適用でき、構成及びランタイム状態のためのポートに特有のコンテキストを登録できる。
Claims (22)
- 少なくとも1つの仮想計算機(VM)を有し、仮想化ソフトウェアが前記仮想計算機とシステム・ハードウェアとの間に論理的に配置される、仮想化された計算機システムにおいて仮想ポートの状態を持続する方法であり、各仮想計算機はゲスト・オペレーティングシステム及び少なくとも1つの仮想ネットワーク・インタフェ−ス・カード(VNIC)を含み、前記仮想化ソフトウェアはエミュレーション・ソフトウェア及び仮想スイッチを使用して前記VNICを実行し、前記仮想スイッチは前記VNICの各々に対応する仮想ポートを備え、前記仮想スイッチはVNICの間にネットワーク・フレームを転送するように機能し、ゼロ以上の物理的なネットワーク・インタフェ−ス・カード(NIC)が前記システム・ハードウェアに接続している方法であって、
分散仮想ポート(DVポート)を永続的な記憶位置に記憶する段階であって、前記DVポートがランタイム状態及び構成設定から成る段階と、
前記DVポートと前記DVポートに接続している前記VNICとの間の関連を前記永続的な記憶位置に記憶する段階と、
前記被接続VNICに対応する前記VMが再起動されると、前記DVポートの前記ランタイム状態及び構成設定並びに前記DVポートと前記DVポートに接続している前記VNICとの間の関連を前記永続的な記憶位置から新規な仮想ポートへ復元する段階と、
を含む方法。 - 前記DVポートが固有の接続識別子(ID)を更に含み、前記DVポートと前記VNICとの間の前記関連の前記記憶が、前記仮想計算機が遮断されるか又は停止すると前記VNIC状態と共に前記接続IDを記憶する段階を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記仮想化された計算機システムがホストの管理されたコレクションの内の1つであり、1つのホストで前記VMが遮断されるか又は停止され、その後に前記1つのホストと異なるホストで再起動される請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記仮想化された計算機システムがホストの管理されたコレクションの内の1つであり、前記コレクション・ホストのための前記仮想ポートのコレクションが分散仮想スイッチを形成する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記分散仮想スイッチが、物理的なローカル・エリア・ネットワーク(LAN)に接続しているホストの前記コレクションで動作する前記VMの各々に接続している物理的なスイッチの抽象化として管理される請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記永続的な記憶位置が別々のサーバに維持されるデータベースを含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記別々のサーバが、前記VNICから独立しているネットワークを介してアクセスされる請求項6記載の方法。
- DVポートのコレクションが分散仮想スイッチを形成する請求項1記載の方法であって、
VMの前記VNICからのDVポートへの接続の要求を、前記分散仮想スイッチを管理することに関与するデータベース・コントローラに送信する段階と、
前記DVポートが別のVNICに現在割り当てられていないと決定して、前記DVポートを初期状態及びデフォルト構成に初期化する段階と、
前記要求に応答して前記DVポートに対応する新しい接続IDを生成し、前記新しい接続IDを前記VNICに送信する段階と、
前記DVポートの前記初期化された状態及びデフォルト構成を、前記DVポートをバックアップする前記仮想ポートに渡し、それにより前記仮想ポートは前記DVポートの前記状態及び構成を仮定する段階と、
前記DVポートを仮想ポートと共に元に戻すために、前記VNICからの前記仮想化された計算機システムのシステム・レベル・ソフトウェアへの要求を送信する段階であって、前記システム・レベル・ソフトウェアは前記DVポートを前記仮想スイッチの仮想ポートと関連付けることによって前記要求に応じる段階と、
前記VNIC及び仮想スイッチがネットワーク・フレームを交換できるように、前記DVポートをバックアップするように構成される前記仮想ポートを前記DVポートが割り当てられる前記VNICにリンクする段階と、
によって、前記VMを前記仮想スイッチに取り付ける段階を更に含む方法。 - 前記データベース・コントローラが仮想化された計算機システムと別であるサーバ・コンピュータにある請求項8記載の方法。
- DVポートのコレクションが分散仮想スイッチを形成し、前記状態の前記復元段階が、
DVポートの接続IDを前記分散仮想スイッチを管理することに関与するデータベース・コントローラに送信する段階と、
前記VMが前記DVポートに割り当てられると決定し、対応して前記DVポートの状態及び構成を前記VMに送信する段階と、
前記VMに割り当てられた前記DVポートをバックアップするために仮想ポートを割り当て、前記仮想ポートに前記DVポートの前記状態及び構成を仮定させる段階と、
前記VNIC及び仮想スイッチがネットワーク・フレームを交換できるように、前記仮想ポートを前記DVポートが割り当てられる前記VNICにリンクする段階と、
を含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記DVポートの前記構成を変更する段階と、
前記DVポートのホスト位置及び動作状態に関係なく、前記DVポートの変更を直ちに実行する段階と、
を更に含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 少なくとも1つの仮想計算機(VM)を有し、仮想化ソフトウェアが前記仮想計算機とシステム・ハードウェアとの間に論理的に配置される、仮想化された計算機システムにおいて仮想ポートの状態を持続する方法を計算機に実行させる機械可読命令を記録する記録媒体であり、各仮想計算機はゲスト・オペレーティングシステム及び少なくとも1つの仮想ネットワーク・インタフェ−ス・カード(VNIC)を含み、前記仮想化ソフトウェアはエミュレーション・ソフトウェア及び仮想スイッチを使用して前記VNICを実行し、前記仮想スイッチは前記VNICの各々に対応する仮想ポートを備え、前記仮想スイッチはVNICの間にネットワーク・フレームを転送するように機能し、ゼロ以上の物理的なネットワーク・インタフェ−ス・カード(NIC)が前記システム・ハードウェアに接続している記録媒体であって、
前記方法は、
分布仮想ポート(DVポート)を永続的な記憶位置に記憶する段階であって、前記DVポートはランタイム状態及び構成設定から成る段階と、
前記DVポートと前記DVポートに接続している前記VNICとの間の関連を前記永続的な記憶位置に記憶する段階と、
前記被接続VNICに対応する前記VMが再起動されると、前記DVポートの前記ランタイム状態及び構成設定並びに前記DVポートと前記DVポートに接続している前記VNICとの間の関連を前記永続的な記憶位置から新規な仮想ポートへ復元する段階と、
を含む記録媒体。 - 前記DVポートが固有の接続識別子(ID)を更に含み、前記DVポートと前記VNICとの間の前記関連の前記記憶が、前記仮想計算機が遮断されるか又は停止すると、前記VNIC状態と共に前記接続IDを記憶する段階を含む請求項12記載の記録媒体。
- 前記仮想化された計算機システムがホストの管理されたコレクションの内の1つであり、前記VMが1つのホストで遮断されるか又は停止され、その後に前記1つのホストと異なるホストで再起動される請求項12記載の記録媒体。
- 前記仮想化された計算機システムがホストの管理されたコレクションの内の1つであり、前記コレクション・ホストのための前記仮想ポートのコレクションが分散仮想スイッチを形成する請求項12記載の記録媒体。
- 前記分散仮想スイッチが、物理的なローカル・エリア・ネットワーク(LAN)に接続しているホストの前記コレクションで動作する前記VMの各々に接続している物理的なスイッチの抽象化として管理される請求項15記載の記録媒体。
- 前記永続的な記憶位置が別々のサーバに維持されるデータベースを含む請求項12記載の記録媒体。
- 前記別々のサーバが、前記VNICから独立しているネットワークを介してアクセスされる請求項17記載の記録媒体。
- DVポートのコレクションが分散仮想スイッチを形成する請求項12記載の記録媒体であって、
前記方法が、
VMの前記VNICからDVポートへの接続の要求を前記分散仮想スイッチを管理することに関与するデータベース・コントローラに送信する段階と、
前記DVポートが別のVNICに現在割り当てられていないと決定し、前記DVポートを初期状態及びデフォルト構成に初期化する段階と、
前記要求に応答して前記DVポートに対応する新しい接続IDを生成し、前記新しい接続IDを前記VNICに送信する段階と、
前記DVポートの前記初期化された状態及びデフォルト構成を前記DVポートをバックアップする前記仮想ポートに渡し、それにより前記仮想ポートは前記DVポートの前記状態及び構成を仮定する段階と、
前記DVポートを仮想ポートと共に元に戻すために、前記VNICから前記仮想化された計算機システムのシステム・レベル・ソフトウェアへの要求を送信する段階であって、前記システム・レベル・ソフトウェアが前記DVポートを前記仮想スイッチの仮想ポートと関連付けることによって前記要求に応じる段階と、
前記VNIC及び仮想スイッチがネットワーク・フレームを交換できるように、前記DVポートをバックアップするように構成される前記仮想ポートを、前記DVポートが割り当てられる前記VNICにリンクする段階と、
によって、前記VMを前記仮想スイッチに取り付ける段階を更に含む記録媒体。 - 前記データベース・コントローラが仮想化された計算機システムと別であるサーバ・コンピュータにある請求項19記載の記録媒体。
- DVポートのコレクションが分散仮想スイッチを形成し、前記状態の前記復元段階が、
DVポートの接続IDを前記分散仮想スイッチを管理することに関与するデータベース・コントローラに送信する段階と、
前記VMが前記DVポートに割り当てられると決定して、対応して前記DVポートの状態及び構成を前記VMに送信する段階と、
前記VMに割り当てられた前記DVポートをバックアップするために仮想ポートを割り当てて、前記仮想ポートに前記DVポートの前記状態及び構成を仮定させる段階と、
前記VNIC及び仮想スイッチがネットワーク・フレームを交換できるように、前記仮想ポートを前記DVポートが割り当てられる前記VNICにリンクする段階と、
を含む請求項12記載の記録媒体。 - 前記方法が、
前記DVポートの前記構成を変更する段階と、
前記DVポートのホスト位置及び動作状態に関係なく、前記DVポートの変更を直ちに実行する段階と、
を更に含む請求項12記載の記録媒体。
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