JP5180432B2 - Ventilation outer wall - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation outer wall that can prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the outer wall in winter and can prevent the dew condensation in the outer wall in summer.

  A face plate such as a gypsum board is installed on the indoor side of a wooden panel frame with a fiber insulation inside, and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is installed on the outdoor side of the panel frame. Cover the outdoor side of the heat insulating material, and then attach the trunk edge to the outdoor side of the panel frame, and attach the exterior material to the outdoor side of the trunk edge, and install it between the base plate and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet. An outer wall that forms a ventilation space having an open end is known from Patent Document 1 and the like. The outer wall provided with the ventilation space is provided with an inlet at the lower end portion for allowing outdoor air to flow into the ventilation space and an outlet at the upper end portion for discharging the air of the ventilation space to the outside. Moisture is allowed to escape to the ventilation space, and the moisture is discharged to the outside by ventilating the inside of the ventilation space. In this way, when the room is heated in winter by providing a ventilation space on the outer wall and exhausting the moisture in the outer wall through the ventilation space to reduce the humidity in the outer wall (lowering the amount of water vapor) Even if the air that has entered the outer wall due to the temperature difference between the temperature in the ventilation space and the temperature in the room decreases the temperature of the surface on the indoor side of the exterior material of the outer wall, condensation does not easily occur in this part. I have to.

By providing a ventilation space in the outer wall as described above, the humidity in the outer wall is reduced in winter so that condensation does not easily occur in the outer wall. Since the high temperature and high humidity outside air flows into the ventilation space, the high temperature and high humidity in the ventilation space tends to move to the indoor side through the inside of the outer wall. When the air current flows through a heat insulating material made of fibers such as rock wool or glass wool (that is, when flowing through the interstices between the tangled fibers), there is almost no moisture absorption, but the heat insulating material made of this fiber When the passing wet airflow touches the gypsum board, the gypsum board has low heat insulation and moisture absorption, so it is rapidly cooled on the back side (outdoor side) of the gypsum board that is cooled by this cooling, reaching the dew point. Condensation occurs on the back side of the gypsum board. However, in the past, no measures have been taken against the condensation that occurs in the outer wall during the cooling in summer.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 11-107404

  The present invention has been invented in view of the above-described conventional problems, and provides a ventilated outer wall that can prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the outer wall in winter and can also prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the outer wall in summer. It is an object to do.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the ventilation outer wall according to the present invention is configured such that the heat insulating material 1 is disposed between the outdoor exterior material 2 and the gypsum board 5 constituting the indoor interior base, and the external material 2 and the heat insulation. A heat insulating board different from the heat insulating material 1 is disposed between the heat insulating material 1 and the gypsum board 5 in the ventilation outer wall in which a ventilation space 4 communicating with the outdoor space is formed between the heat insulating material 1 and the material 1. another insulation board is composed of a hygroscopic insulation board 6 is thermal insulation poor excellent in hygroscopicity than and the heat insulating material 1 and the gypsum board 5 excellent heat insulating property than the gypsum board 5 than the thermal insulating material 1 It is characterized by being.

With this configuration, outdoor air flows into the ventilation space 4 from the inlet 8 at the lower end of the outer wall 7, and air in the ventilation space 4 exhausts to the outdoors from the outlet 9 at the upper end of the outer wall 7. Moisture that penetrates into the outer wall 7 from the indoor space 10 through the gypsum board 5, the hygroscopic heat insulating board 6, and the heat insulating material 1 made of fiber is released to the outside from the vent space 4 to reduce the humidity in the outer wall 7 (reducing the amount of water vapor) It is possible to prevent the occurrence of condensation on the back side of the exterior material 2 and the inner side plate material 17 during heating in winter. Further, during cooling in the summer, hot and humid outdoor air in the summer flows into the ventilation space 4, and the hot and humid wet airflow flows to the low temperature indoor space 10 side. When flowing through the heat insulating material 1 made of fibers such as glass wool (that is, when flowing through the interstices between the tangled fibers), there is almost no moisture absorption, but the wet airflow that has passed through the heat insulating material 1 made of this fiber but insulation moisture insulation board 6 is this alternative insulation board by passing through the hygroscopic insulation board 6 is another insulation board but poor thermal insulation having excellent heat insulating property than the gypsum board 5 than the heat insulating material 1 led to the back side of the gypsum board 5 gradually temperature drop in effect, with moisture flow at the rear surface of the gypsum board 5 is not cooled rapidly, moisture insulation board 6 is another insulation board from insulation material 1 and plasterboard 5 Because of excellent hygroscopicity, and and low humidity moisture flow at low temperatures by moisture insulation board 6 is heat insulating material 1 and another insulation board when the are hygroscopic hygroscopic insulation board 6 reaches the back side of the gypsum board 5 Thus, it is possible to create a condition in which dew condensation does not occur on the back side of the gypsum board 5, thereby preventing dew condensation from occurring on the back side of the gypsum board 5 that is the interior base of the outer wall 7 during cooling in summer.

The present invention not only can prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the outer wall in the winter, but also a thermal insulation board separate from the thermal insulation material is disposed between the thermal insulation material and the gypsum board, Although it is inferior to heat insulating material, it has a simple structure that it is composed of a hygroscopic heat insulating board that has better heat insulating properties than the above-mentioned gypsum board and has better hygroscopicity than the heat insulating material and gypsum board. A hot and humid wet airflow can be brought to the back of the gypsum board as a low temperature and low humidity wet airflow by a heat insulating material and another heat insulating board, which is a gypsum board store during cooling in summer. Condensation on the outer surface can be prevented.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

  A ventilation space 4 is formed inside the outer wall 7 of the building. FIG. 1 shows an example of an outer wall 7 in which a first-floor outer wall and a second-floor outer wall are vertically connected in a two-story building. That is, both the outer wall of the first floor and the outer wall of the second floor are constituted by the outer wall panel 11, and the outer wall panel 11 of the first floor is built between the foundation 12 and the floor beam 13 and the floor beam 13 and the roof beam 14. The outer wall panel 11 of the second floor is built between the two, and the outer wall 7 of the two-story building is configured by covering the curtain plate 15 on the outdoor side of the floor beam 13.

Here, the outer wall panels 11 on the first floor and the second floor have the same basic structure, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the wooden panel frame 16 has rock wool, glass wool and the like. The heat insulating material 1 made of a simple fiber is filled, and the heat insulating material 1 made of the fiber can ventilate a gap between the fibers. A moisture absorbing and heat insulating board 6 is attached to the surface of the panel frame 16 on the indoor side. The gypsum board 5 is attached to the indoor side surface of the moisture-absorbing and heat-insulating board 6, and the gypsum board 5 may be attached in advance at the factory or on site. The hygroscopic heat insulating board 6 used here is inferior to the heat insulating material 1 made of fibers such as rock wool and glass wool filled in the panel frame 16, but has better heat insulating properties than the gypsum board 5 and heat insulating. A board such as an insulation board that is more hygroscopic than the material 1 and the gypsum board 5 is used. As an example, the thermal conductivity of 0.22~0.036W / m · k as moisture insulation board 6, the board moisture absorption 107g ^/ m 2 · 24hr or more (preferably 178g ^/ m 2 · 24hr or more) Used.

  An inner side plate 17 having moisture permeability such as a kenaf board is attached to the surface of the panel frame 16 filled with the heat insulating material 1 made of fiber, and presses the fiber type heat insulating material 1. . A crosspiece 18 is attached to the outside of the inner plate member 17, and a ceramic-type exterior member 2 is attached to the outer surface of the crosspiece 18 (the exterior member 2 is attached to the inner side of the crosspiece 18 by a fixing tool. It is fixed to the panel frame 16 via the plate member 17). A ventilation space 4a is formed between the inner plate member 17 and the exterior material 2, and the ventilation space 4a communicates vertically with the crosspiece 18 so that the inside communicates vertically and opens to the outside vertically. 19 is formed, or the gap between the horizontal bars 18 is made shorter than the gap between the vertical bars 18 to form a gap for ventilation, or the horizontal bars 18 are formed discontinuously to form a gap. And so on.

  The outer wall panel 11 having the above structure is formed in advance at the factory and then transported to the site for construction. The outer wall panel 11 on the first floor is fitted with a fitting groove 22 provided on the lower surface of the lower horizontal frame member of the panel frame 16 at the upper end of the vertical piece of the base metal 21 attached to the foundation 12 and the upper horizontal frame of the panel frame 16. The mounting bracket 23 provided on the upper surface portion of the material is erected by being attached to the lower end portion of the floor beam 13. The outer wall panel 11 on the second floor is fitted with a fitting groove 22 provided on the lower surface of the lower horizontal frame member of the panel frame 16 at the upper end portion of the vertical piece of the panel bracket 24 attached to the upper end portion of the floor beam 13. The mounting bracket 23 provided on the upper surface of the upper horizontal frame member of the panel frame 16 is erected by being attached to the lower end of the roof beam 14.

  When the gypsum board 5 is not attached to the indoor side surface of the outer wall panel 11 at the factory, the gypsum board 5 serving as the interior base is attached to the indoor side surface of the moisture-absorbing and insulating board 6 of the outer wall panel 11 in the field. A moisture-permeable interior material (not shown) is attached to the indoor side surface of the gypsum board 5 serving as the interior base.

  On the outdoor side of the floor beam 13, a fiber-based floor beam heat insulating material 1 a such as rock wool or glass wool is provided, and an inner plate material 17 a for the floor beam is arranged on the outer surface side of the floor beam heat insulating material 1 a. Thus, the lower end and the upper end of the floor beam inner plate 17a are fixed to the upper surface of the panel frame 16 of the lower outer wall panel 11 and the lower surface of the panel frame 16 of the upper outer wall panel 11. It is fixed to the outer surface of the fixed receiving bar 26b. Furthermore, a curtain plate 15 is disposed on the outdoor side of the floor beam inner plate member 17a disposed on the outdoor side of the floor beam 13 via the floor beam heat insulating material 1a, via a ventilation space 4b. The lower end portion and the upper end portion of the plate 15 are fixed to the horizontal crosspiece 18 at the upper end portion of the lower outer wall panel 11 and the horizontal crosspiece 18 at the lower end portion of the upper outer wall panel 11. The ventilation space 4b communicates with the ventilation space 4a in the outer wall panel 11 on the first floor and the ventilation space 4a in the outer wall panel 11 on the second floor, and the ventilation space 4a, the ventilation space 4b, and the ventilation space 4a communicating with the upper and lower sides. Thus, the ventilation space 4 is formed in the outer wall 7.

  Here, in the present embodiment, as described above, the moisture-permeable inner plate 17, the fiber-based heat insulating material 1 that can ventilate between the fibers, and the moisture-absorbing performance having a high moisture-absorbing performance are provided in the indoor wall of the outer wall 7. The heat insulating board 6, the moisture permeable gypsum board 5, and the moisture permeable interior material are configured so that the humid air current can move between the ventilation space 4 and the indoor space 10.

  An inlet 8 of the ventilation space 4 is provided at the lower end of the ventilation space 4 provided on the outer wall 7, and an outlet 9 of the ventilation space 4 is provided at the upper end. In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the lower end opening portion of the ventilation space 4 a of the outer wall panel 11 on the first floor is an inlet 8, and the upper opening portion of the ventilation space 4 a of the outer wall panel 11 on the second floor is an outlet 9. .

  The upper end portion of the foundation parting material 28 is fixed to the outer surface side of the transverse beam 18 under the outer wall panel 11 on the first floor, and the lower end of the outer wall panel 11 and the upper end of the foundation 12 on the first floor are fixed by the foundation parting material 28. Cover the gap between the two. The basic parting material 28 is formed with a hole communicating with the outdoor space 3, and communicates with the inlet 8 of the ventilation space 4 through the hole.

  The outlet 9 of the ventilation space 4 provided at the upper end of the outer wall 7 communicates with the eaves ceiling back space, and the vent provided at the eaves communicates the outdoor space 3 and the eaves ceiling back space. Therefore, the outlet 9 of the ventilation space 4 communicates with the outdoor space 3 through the eaves ceiling back space and the eaves vent.

  In the figure, 33 is a floor panel on the first floor, and a floor heat insulating material 34 is provided on the lower surface side of the floor panel 33 on the first floor. In the figure, 35 is a ceiling material on the first floor, 36 is a floor panel on the second floor, and 37 is a ceiling material on the second floor.

  Since the indoor space 10 is hotter and has a higher humidity than the outdoor space 3 during heating in the winter season, the indoor space 10 enters the ventilation space 4 through the interior material, the gypsum board 5, the hygroscopic heat insulating board 6, the fiber heat insulating material 1, and the inner plate material 17. Moisture moves to reduce the humidity in the outer wall 7. Since the moisture that has moved into the ventilation space 4 rises in the ventilation space 4 and is discharged from the outlet 9 to the outdoor space 3 through the eaves ceiling back space, the moisture is also discharged to the outside, as described above. As air containing moisture in the ventilation space 4 rises and is discharged to the outdoor space 3, new air flows into the ventilation space 4 from the inlet 8 provided at the lower end of the ventilation space 4. The newly introduced air rises including moisture moving from the room to the ventilation space 4 as described above, and is discharged from the outlet 9 to the outdoor space 3.

  By reducing the humidity in the outer wall 7 in this way, the indoor humidity is lowered when the room is heated indoors in winter, and the back surface and the inner plate material of the exterior material 2 that is the surface on the outdoor side of the outer wall 7. 17 prevents condensation from occurring.

  By providing the ventilation space 4 in this way, the indoor humidity is reduced to prevent condensation on the indoor surface of the interior material. However, when the indoor space 10 is cooled in the summer, From the outdoor side, the air flows into the indoor space 10 through the inside of the outer wall 7. That is, since hot and humid outdoor air in the summer flows into the ventilation space 4 and the indoor space 10 is cooled, the wet airflow is transferred to the heat insulating material 1 made of fiber through the inner plate member 17. When flowing through the heat insulating material 1 (gap between the fibers), the humidity does not decrease, but flows in a state close to the humidity (outside air humidity) in the ventilation space 4 and hardly absorbs moisture. Here, in this invention, between the said heat insulating material 1 and the gypsum board 5, heat insulation is inferior to the said heat insulating material 1, but heat insulation is superior to the gypsum board 5, and it is from the heat insulating material 1 and the gypsum board 5. Since the hygroscopic heat insulating board 6 having excellent hygroscopicity is disposed, the high temperature and high humidity wet airflow that has passed through the heat insulating material 1 passes through the hygroscopic heat insulating board 6 without reaching the back surface of the gypsum board 5 all at once. After that, it reaches the back surface of the gypsum board 5. That is, when the high-temperature and high-humidity airflow that has passed through the heat insulating material 1 passes through the moisture-absorbing and heat-insulating board 6, moisture is absorbed into the moisture-absorbing and heat-insulating board 6 without being rapidly cooled and passing through the moisture-absorbing and heat-insulating board 6. When the back surface of the gypsum board 5 is reached, a low-humidity air stream is formed. Therefore, the dew point state does not occur on the back surface of the gypsum board 5, and therefore no condensation occurs on the back side of the gypsum board 5 during cooling in summer. It will be.

  In particular, in the summer season, not only the hot and humid outdoor air in the outdoor space 3 flows into the ventilation space 4, but also the material of the outer wall 7 such as the exterior material 2 because the outer wall 7 is heated by direct sunlight during summer sunlight. However, even in such a case, the heat insulating property is higher than that of the heat insulating material 1 between the heat insulating material 1 and the gypsum board 5 which is the interior base. Although it is inferior to the gypsum board 5, the heat-insulating material is superior to the gypsum board 5, and the moisture-absorbing and heat-insulating board 6 is superior to the gypsum board 5. Can be prevented.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the outer wall panel used for the same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view of the outer wall panel used for the same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat insulating material 2 Exterior material 3 Outdoor space 4 Ventilation space 5 Gypsum board 6 Moisture absorption heat insulation board

Claims (1)

In the ventilation outer wall in which a heat insulating material is disposed between the exterior material on the outdoor side and the gypsum board constituting the interior base material on the indoor side and a ventilation space communicating with the outdoor space is formed between the exterior material and the heat insulating material, the insulation and other insulation board and the heat insulating material between the gypsum board is disposed, the other insulation boards, heat insulating property than the thermal insulation lesser thermal insulation than the gypsum board excellent and the heat insulating material and venting the outer wall, characterized in that it is constituted by a moisture insulation board excellent in hygroscopicity than the gypsum board.

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