JP5145503B1 - Crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a technique for efficiently and sequentially crushing the periphery of a plurality of drilling holes formed in advance on an object to be crushed such as bedrock or rock.
In a crushing method for crushing the periphery of a plurality of drilling holes 6, a drilling step for forming a plurality of drilling holes 6 in an object to be crushed 5 and a tip end face having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling holes 6 are provided. A chisel 3 having a tip portion 32 formed with inclined surfaces 32a and 32b having an outer diameter that increases from the front end side toward the rear end side and that has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole 6 is provided. The tip 32 is inserted into at least two of the holes 6 and the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b are in contact with the inner wall of the hole 6 and are separated from the striking device 2 that applies a striking force to the chisel 3. And a crushing step of crushing the periphery of the hole 6 of the object 5 to be crushed by sequentially applying a striking force by the striking device 2 to the rear end surface of the chisel 3 installed in the hole 6. .
[Selection] Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed such as a bedrock or rock.

  The inventor of the present application pays attention to the fact that the yield strength of the rock and rock is smaller in the tensile direction than in the compression direction, and has a tip end surface having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drilled hole previously formed in the object to be crushed and the tip side Creates a technology for efficiently crushing rocks and rocks using a chisel with a tip that has an inclined surface with an outer diameter that becomes larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole. (See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4636294

  Here, when the object to be crushed is crushed over a relatively wide range, a method may be employed in which a plurality of holes are formed in advance in the object to be crushed and the periphery of each hole is crushed in order. When the crushing operation is performed by such a method, the crushing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 has the following disadvantages. That is, in the crushing device described in Patent Document 1, since the chisel is mounted on the striking device, the operation for inserting and extracting the chisel for each drilling hole is required, and the time required for the crushing operation tends to increase. . In addition, since one chisel is repeatedly used for crushing work, the wear of the chisel progresses quickly, and there is a possibility that the crushing work becomes inefficient due to frequent replacement of the chisel.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the technique which crushes efficiently the circumference | surroundings of the some drilling hole previously formed in to-be-crushed objects, such as a rock and a rock.

In order to achieve the above object, the crushing method according to the present invention has a tip end face having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drilled hole in a drilled hole such as a rock or a rock, and a rear end from the tip side. Inserting a chisel having a tip portion formed with an inclined surface having an outer diameter that becomes larger and larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole as it advances toward the end side, and applying a striking force to the chisel with a striking device. A crushing method for crushing the periphery of the workpiece, and a step of forming a plurality of holes in the object to be crushed, and at least two of the plurality of holes, each having a tip portion inserted into the inclined surface The chisel installation process in which the chisel is installed in a state where it is in contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole and separated from the striking device, and the striking force by the striking device is sequentially applied to the rear end surface of the chisel installed in the drilling hole. , Break around the hole to be crushed Piston and crushing step comprises a striking device, the cylindrical space that opens to the chisel side is formed communicates with the cylinder space and the cylinder space, providing a striking force to the chisel by reciprocating in a cylinder space A breaker body having a rear end portion attached to the breaker body in a state of being accommodated in the cylindrical space and a tip portion protruding from the cylindrical space, and an attachment for transmitting a striking force by the piston to the chisel, And the object to be crushed is crushed by the tip of the attachment hitting the rear end of the chisel as the piston hits the rear end of the attachment .

  In the crushing method according to the present invention, the tip of the chisel is inserted into a drilled hole formed in an object to be crushed, such as a bedrock or rock. At the tip portion of the chisel, the tip end surface is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole, so that the tip of the chisel fits into the drilling hole. In addition, the tip of the chisel is provided with an inclined surface that has an outer diameter that increases from the front end to the rear end and that is larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole. When it enters the hole, the inclined surface eventually comes into contact with the inner wall of the hole. When a striking force by the striking device is applied to the rear end face of the chisel in this state, tensile stress acts on the object to be crushed around the hole in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the hole. As a result, the periphery of the drilling hole is crushed.

  Furthermore, in this crushing method, a plurality of holes are formed in advance, and a chisel is inserted in each of two or more holes in a state separated from the striking device. That is, by sequentially applying a striking force to a plurality of chisels installed in the drilling holes in advance, it becomes possible to continuously crush the periphery of each drilling hole as described above, and the target of the crushing operation is cut. There is no need to insert or remove the chisel every time the hole changes. In addition, since a plurality of chisels are used in the crushing operation, the progress of wear of each chisel can be suppressed, and the frequency of replacing the chisels can be reduced. Therefore, according to this crushing method, it becomes possible to efficiently crush the periphery of the plurality of drill holes formed in advance in the object to be crushed efficiently.

  Here, after the crushing process is completed in one of the holes in which the chisel is installed, and before the crushing process is completed in all of the holes in which the chisel is installed, the chisel installed in the one hole is replaced with another It is preferable to install in the drilling holes. Thus, the number of chiseles required for the crushing operation can be reduced by installing the chisel of the drilled hole in which the crushing process has been completed in another hole. In addition, before the crushing process is completed in all of the drill holes in which the chisel is installed, the chisel installed in the drill hole in which the crushing process has already been completed is transferred to another drill hole, so that Crushing operations can be performed in parallel. Therefore, it is not necessary to interrupt the crushing work to install the chisel, and the efficiency of the crushing work can be further improved.

  In addition, a plurality of hole groups having a plurality of holes are formed in the hole forming step, and a chisel is installed in all of the holes belonging to at least one hole group in the chisel setting step, and the chisel is installed. When the crushing process is completed in one group, it is preferable to install the chisel installed in the hole group in another hole group. In this way, by performing the crushing operation with a group of holes made of a plurality of holes as a unit, the progress of the crushing operation can be easily managed even when a large number of holes are formed. In addition, the number of chiseles required for the crushing operation can be reduced by transferring the chisel of the hole group after the crushing process is completed to another hole group.

  Further, at least three hole groups are formed in the hole forming step, and the chisel is installed in all of the holes belonging to at least two hole groups in the chisel setting process. After the crushing process is completed in one, before the crushing process is completed in all of the hole groups in which the chisel is installed, it is preferable to install the chisel installed in one hole group in another hole group. is there. Thus, before the crushing process is completed in all of the hole groups in which the chisel is installed, the chisel installed in the hole group in which the crushing process has already been completed is transferred to another hole group. Installation work and crushing work can be performed in parallel. Therefore, it is not necessary to interrupt the crushing work to install the chisel, and the efficiency of the crushing work can be further improved.

  In addition, the object to be crushed has a free surface, and the plurality of drilling holes are formed along the free surface at different distances from the free surface. It is preferable to carry out in order. Generally, it is difficult to crush because the degree of freedom is low at the center of the object to be crushed, but it is easy to crush because the degree of freedom is high near the free surface of the object to be crushed. Therefore, the crushing operation can be efficiently performed by sequentially performing the crushing operation from the hole group close to the free surface of the object to be crushed as described above.

  Further, it is preferable that the striking force of the striking device is applied to the chisel by placing the striking surface of the striking device in contact with the rear end surface of the chisel. In this way, when the chisel is hit, the hitting force is applied to the chisel simply by placing the hitting surface of the hitting device in contact with the rear end surface of the chisel without attaching the chisel to the hitting device. It becomes possible to add. Therefore, when continuously hitting a plurality of chisels, it is not necessary to attach or remove each chisel to the hitting device, and the crushing operation can be performed more efficiently.

  Further, the striking device has a breaker body having a piston that provides a striking force to the chisel by forming a cylindrical space that communicates with the cylinder space and the cylinder space and that opens to the chisel side, and reciprocates in the cylinder space. An attachment that has a rear end portion that is attached to the breaker body in a state of being accommodated in the cylindrical space, and that has a front end portion that protrudes from the cylindrical space, and that transmits the striking force of the piston to the chisel, the piston being an attachment It is preferable that the object to be crushed is crushed by hitting the rear end of the chisel with the tip of the attachment as it hits the rear end.

  Here, assuming that the tip of the chisel is accommodated in the cylindrical space, the inclined surface of that portion cannot be brought into contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole, so that the crushing operation becomes inefficient. There is a fear. However, according to the said structure, while the rear-end part of the attachment which transmits the striking force of a piston to a chisel is accommodated in the cylindrical space formed in the breaker main body, the front-end | tip part protrudes from the cylindrical space. That is, it is the attachment that is inserted into the cylindrical space, and the chisel is not inserted into the cylindrical space. Therefore, it is not necessary to insert the chisel into the cylindrical space, and the crushing operation can be efficiently performed by effectively using the tip portion of the chisel.

It is a figure which shows the usage condition of one Embodiment of the crushing apparatus concerning this invention. It is the elements on larger scale of the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the to-be-crushed object crushed with the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the crushing apparatus in other embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work in other embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a view showing a usage mode of an embodiment of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the crushing apparatus of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, this crushing apparatus includes a breaker body 1 attached to an arm 81 of a construction vehicle 8 such as a hydraulic power shovel via a bracket 82, an attachment 2 attached to the breaker body 1, and an object 5 to be crushed. And a chisel 3 to be inserted into the drilling hole 6 formed in the structure. In addition, the code | symbol 4 in FIG. 1 is a soundproof cover which suppresses that the striking sound at the time of a crushing work propagates around as a noise, and is attached to the bracket 82.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the breaker body 1 has a housing 12 extending in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2), and a cylindrical cylinder space 13 extending along the axial direction is formed therein. . Further, the breaker body 1 has a piston 11 accommodated in a cylinder space 13, and the piston 11 reciprocates in the axial direction when pressurized oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via a switching valve. To do. Further, a cylindrical space 14 communicating with the cylinder space 13 is formed on the distal end side (lower side in FIG. 2) of the cylinder space 13, and the distal end surface of the cylindrical space 14 is an opening surface. In addition, the protrusion part 12a which protrudes inward from the inner wall face of the housing 12 is formed in the boundary of the cylinder space 13 and the cylindrical space 14, and the minimum of the moving range of the piston 11 is prescribed | regulated by the protrusion part 12a. Is done.

  The attachment 2 is disposed between the piston 11 and the chisel 3 and has a role of transmitting a striking force due to the reciprocating motion of the piston 11 to the chisel 3. The rear end portion 21 of the attachment 2 is inserted into the cylindrical space 14 from the opening surface of the cylindrical space 14 and attached to the breaker body 1. In this mounted state, the tip 22 of the attachment 2 protrudes from the cylindrical space 14. Further, a cylindrical guide portion 22 a is formed at the distal end portion 22 of the attachment 2. The distal end surface of the insertion space 23 formed inside the guide portion 22a is an opening surface, and the rear end portion 31 of the chisel 3 can be accommodated in the insertion space 23 from this opening surface. Further, the surface facing the opening surface is configured as a striking surface 22b that strikes the rear end face of the chisel 3. A notch 21 a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end 21 of the attachment 2, and the notch 21 a is opposed to the notch 12 b formed on the inner wall surface of the housing 12 by both notches. The rod pin 25 is inserted through the space to be formed. In this way, the attachment 2 is attached to the breaker body 1 with the movement in the axial direction being restricted.

  The chisel 3 has a rear end portion 31 that is inserted into the insertion space 23 inside the guide portion 22a, and a front end portion 32 that has a so-called tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it advances toward the front end side. The rear end portion 31 of the chisel 3 is extended to the front end side of the first rear end portion 31a and the first rear end portion 31a having a rear end end surface hit by the attachment 2, and is larger than the first rear end portion 31a. A second rear end portion 31b having an outer diameter is provided, and a step portion 31c is formed with a large change in diameter at a boundary portion between the first rear end portion 31a and the second rear end portion 31b. An O-ring 35 is externally fitted to the step portion 31 c, and when the rear end portion 31 of the chisel 3 is accommodated in the insertion space 23, the O-ring 35 is connected to the inner wall surface of the guide portion 22 a and the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 3. Is in a sealed state. The rear end portion 31 of the chisel 3 can be inserted into and removed from the insertion space 23 of the attachment 2 in the axial direction, that is, can be engaged with and disengaged from the guide portion 22a.

  The diameter of the tip end face of the tip 32 of the chisel 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hole 6, but has an inclined surface whose outer diameter increases from the tip side toward the rear end side. In the present embodiment, two notches are provided on the side surface of the distal end portion 32, and the two inclined surfaces 32 a and 32 b are formed substantially symmetrically with respect to the axial direction of the chisel 3. The outer diameters of the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b are equal to the inner diameter of the hole 6 at a predetermined position in the axial direction, and the outer diameters of the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b are larger than the inner diameter of the hole 6 when proceeding from the predetermined position to the rear end side. Also grows. Therefore, in a state where the chisel 3 is inserted into the drilling hole 6, a portion of the tip end portion 32 whose outer surfaces of the inclined surfaces 32 a and 32 b are smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole 6 enters the drilling hole 6. Of these, portions where the outer diameters of the inclined surfaces 32 a and 32 b are larger than the inner diameter of the hole 6 project from the hole 6. In the present embodiment, the notch portion of the chisel 3 is formed up to an intermediate position of the tip portion 32, and the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b are connected on the rear end side from the intermediate position, but the position where the notch portion is formed is However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a cutout portion may be provided in the entire tip portion 32.

  In the crushing device having the above configuration, when the piston 11 reciprocates in the axial direction in the cylinder space 13, the tip of the attachment 2 hits the rear end of the attachment 2, and the tip of the attachment 2 becomes the chisel 3. Strike the trailing edge. Thus, the impact force by the piston 11 is applied to the chisel 3 through the attachment 2, so that the chisel 3 inserted into the hole 6 can crush the periphery of the hole 6.

  Next, a crushing operation for crushing an object to be crushed 5 such as a bedrock or rock using the crushing apparatus configured as described above and removing the free surface side will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a material to be crushed by the crushing device of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 to 9 are diagrams schematically showing crushing operations by the crushing device of FIG. 4 to 7 are plan views, and FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 b and FIGS. 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG. 3A.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the object to be crushed 5 having the free surface 7 which is a substantially vertical surface as shown in FIG. 3A is crushed and formed into a stepped shape as shown in FIG. To do. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, a plurality of drilling holes 6 having a predetermined inner diameter are formed in the object 5 to form drilling rows 61, 62, 63. Each of the drilling rows 61, 62, 63 is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the free surface 7 in plan view, and here, it is assumed that four drilling holes 6 are included in one drilling row. Further, the drilling rows 61, 62, 63 are formed at almost equal intervals in the order from the free surface 7 in the closest order.

  In the present specification, in the object 5 to be crushed, the region closer to the free surface 7 than the drilling row 61 is divided into three in the vertical direction and are referred to as regions 5a, 5b, and 5c in order from the top. Further, the region between the drilling rows 61 and 62, the region adjacent to the region 5a is 5d, the region adjacent to the region 5b is 5e, and the region between the drilling rows 62 and 63 is A region adjacent to the region 5d is referred to as 5f. In the crushing operation described below, the regions 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, and 5f of the object to be crushed 5 are crushed in this order by driving the chisel 3 sequentially into the hole arrays 61, 62, and 63. Thus, the object to be crushed 5 is finally formed in a step shape.

  In the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the depth dimension of all the drilling holes 6 is made larger than the height dimension of the free surface 7. The reason why the hole 6 is formed deeply is to prevent the tip end face of the chisel 3 from contacting the bottom surface of the hole 6 during the crushing operation so as not to hinder the crushing operation. However, the depth of the drilling hole can be appropriately changed according to the situation at the site, and the depth of the plurality of drilling holes can be made different from each other. It is also possible to change.

  The procedure of the crushing operation will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the chisel 3 is first installed with the tip 32 inserted into the holes of the hole arrays 61 and 62. Here, the chisel 3 is inserted into the drilling hole 6 with the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b oriented in the direction orthogonal to the drilling row (left and right direction in FIG. 4), and the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b are drilled. 6 is in contact with the inner wall.

  When the installation of the chisel 3 is completed in this way, the breaker body 1 is installed in a drilling hole (here, the lowermost drilling hole in FIG. 5A) located at the end of the drilling row 61, as shown in FIG. It is assumed that the rear end portion 31 of the chisel 3 is inserted into the insertion space 23 of the attachment 2 by moving the chisel 3 upward. In this state, when pressure oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via a switching valve, the piston 11 reciprocates and applies a striking force to the chisel 3 via the attachment 2. When the chisel 3 is struck, tensile stress acts in the direction from the central axis of the chisel 3 toward the inclined surfaces 32a and 32b around the hole 6 and the direction around the hole 6 is orthogonal to the tensile stress (see FIG. First, it is crushed in the vertical direction in FIG.

  Further, the crushing further proceeds by continuing the hitting of the chisel 3, and as shown in FIG. 6, the portion where the inclined surfaces 32 a and 32 b of the tip end portion 32 of the chisel 3 are connected to the inner wall of the hole 6. Abut. Then, crushing around the hole 6 proceeds in all directions, and the area around the hole 6 is further crushed. In particular, since the degree of freedom of the object to be crushed 5 is high on the free surface 7 side, crushing of the region 5a is likely to proceed.

  By performing the above-described striking work sequentially on the chisel 3 of the drilling row 61, the entire region 5a is crushed as shown in FIG. As described above, the periphery of the hole 6 is first crushed in the direction perpendicular to the tensile stress (vertical direction in FIG. 7A), so that the cracks generated around each hole are parallel to the free surface 7. This makes it easy to connect and facilitates subsequent removal work. When the crushing of the region 5a is completed, this is removed by a working machine such as a backhoe, and the crushing and removing operation for the region 5a is completed (FIG. 8A).

  The above crushing and removing operation is similarly performed on the regions 5b and 5c of the object 5 to be crushed. That is, the chisel 3 of the drilling row 61 is hit again in order to crush the region 5b, and then the crushed region 5b is removed (FIG. 8B). Further, once the chisel 3 of the drilling row 61 is hit in order to crush the region 5c, the crushed region 5c is removed (FIG. 8C). In this way, the crushing and removing operation for the regions 5a, 5b, and 5c of the object 5 to be crushed is completed. In this way, by crushing and removing the object to be crushed 5 in a plurality of times in the axial direction of the hole 6, the object is crushed to the deep part of the object to be crushed 5 even if the length of the chisel 3 is short. It becomes possible.

  Similarly, the chisel 3 of the drilled hole row 62 is hit in order to crush the region 5d of the object 5 to be crushed, and then the crushed region 5d is removed (FIG. 9A). Subsequently, the chisel 3 of the drilling row 62 is hit again in order to crush the region 5e, and then the crushed region 5e is removed (FIG. 9B). In this way, the crushing and removing work for the regions 5d and 5e of the object 5 to be crushed is completed. Finally, the chisel 3 of the hole array 63 is hit in order to crush the region 5f of the object 5 to be crushed, and this is removed to complete the entire crushing process (FIG. 9 (c)).

  Here, the timing for installing the chisel 3 in the holes in the hole array 63 will be described. After the crushing and removing work by the chisel 3 of the hole array 61 is completed, that is, after the crushing and removing work of the regions 5a, 5b, and 5c of the object 5 is completed, the chisel 3 of the hole array 61 becomes unnecessary. Therefore, after the crushing operation by the chisel 3 of the drilling row 61 is completed, the chisel 3 installed in the drilling row 61 is removed while the crushing operation by the chisel 3 of the drilling row 62 is performed. 63 can be transferred. By doing so, it is not necessary to interrupt the crushing operation in order to transfer the chisel 3 to the hole array 63, so that the crushing operation can be performed efficiently. Moreover, the number of chisel 3 used for the crushing operation can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the breaker body 1 and the attachment 2 function as the “blow device” in the present invention. Further, the drilling rows 61, 62, 63 correspond to the “drilling group” in the present invention.

  The crushing method described in the above embodiment has the following advantages. First, a plurality of holes 6 are formed in advance, and the chisel 3 is inserted into some of the holes 6 in a state separated from the attachment 2. That is, by sequentially applying a striking force to a plurality of chisels 3 installed in the drilling holes 6 in advance, it is possible to continuously crush the periphery of each drilling hole 6 and to cut the object to be crushed. There is no need to insert or withdraw the chisel 3 each time the hole 6 changes. Further, by using a plurality of chisel 3, it is possible to suppress the progress of wear of each chisel 3 and to reduce the frequency of replacing the chisel 3. Therefore, it becomes possible to efficiently crush the periphery of the plurality of drilling holes 6 formed in advance in the object 5 to be crushed efficiently.

  Furthermore, by performing the crushing operation with the drilling rows 61, 62, 63 including the plurality of drilling holes 6 as a unit, the progress of the crushing operation can be easily managed even when a large number of drilling holes 6 are formed. . Further, since the degree of freedom is high in the vicinity of the free surface 7 of the object 5 to be crushed, it is easy to crush. Therefore, the crushing operation can be performed more efficiently by performing the crushing operation from the hole array 61 close to the free surface 7. Can do. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), when the crushing / removing operation of the regions 5a, 5b, 5c of the object 5 is completed, new free surfaces are formed in the regions 5d, 5e. The crushing operation in the drilled hole row 62 can also be performed efficiently. The same can be said for the crushing operation in the hole array 63.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the chisel 3 is placed in a state in which the striking surface 22b of the attachment 2 is in contact with the rear end surface of the chisel 3 without attaching the chisel 3 to the attachment 2 when striking the chisel 3. 3 hitting force is applied. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach or remove each chisel 3 to the attachment 2 each time, and only one striking device (breaker body 1 and attachment 2) is placed above each chisel 3 in order. The operation can be performed continuously and quickly, and the crushing operation can be performed more efficiently.

  Furthermore, there are the following advantages by using the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. Assuming that the chisel 3 is inserted into the cylindrical space 14 formed in the breaker body 1, the inclined surface of the chisel 3 inserted into the cylindrical space 14 contacts the inner wall of the hole 6. Therefore, crushing cannot be performed, and crushing work may be inefficient. However, according to the crushing apparatus of the present embodiment, the attachment 2 is provided between the piston 11 and the chisel 3, and the rear end portion 21 of the attachment 2 is accommodated in the cylindrical space 14 and the tip portion 22 is cylindrical. By projecting from the space 14, it is not necessary to insert the chisel 3 into the cylindrical space 14, and the crushing operation can be efficiently performed by effectively using the tip 32 of the chisel 3. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the chisel 3 can be inserted into the cylindrical space 14 so that the piston 11 directly hits the rear end surface of the chisel 3.

  Further, by performing the crushing operation in a state where the rear end portion 31 of the chisel 3 is inserted into the insertion space 23 formed in the guide portion 22a of the attachment 2, the posture of the chisel 3 can be stabilized by the guide portion 22a. The crushing operation can be performed smoothly. Furthermore, by providing an O-ring 35 between the inner peripheral surface of the guide portion 22a and the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 3, the sound generated when the attachment 2 strikes the chisel 3 is generated from the inner peripheral surface of the guide portion 22a. It is possible to prevent leakage to the outside through a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 3 and reduce noise.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the to-be-crushed object 5 which has the free surface 7 was crushed, the to-be-crushed object 5 used as the object of crushing operation | work is not restricted to such a shape. For example, it is also possible to apply this crushing method to crushing work on rocks without a free surface or inclined rocks. Further, the number and arrangement of the drilling holes 6 formed in the object to be crushed 5 are not limited to the above embodiment. It is also possible to make the number of the drilling holes 6 included in each drilling row different from each other, and the drilling holes 6 are not necessarily arranged in a row, and the drilling holes 6 are arranged in a rectangular shape or a circular shape, for example. It is also possible. Moreover, you may form the drilling hole 6 from which an internal diameter differs mutually.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the crushing operation | work and the transfer work of the chisel 3 were performed for every drilling row | line | column, these work does not necessarily need to be performed for every drilling row | line | column. That is, depending on the conditions at the crushing site and the like, it is possible to appropriately change in which hole 6 the chisel 3 is installed in advance or at what timing the chisel 3 is transferred. It is also possible to install the chisel 3 in all the drilling holes 6 from the beginning.

  Various modifications can be made to the form of the chisel 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the crushing operation can be performed using a chisel 3 provided with a protruding portion 32 c that protrudes radially outward from the inclined surface of the tip end portion 32. By performing the crushing operation with the protruding portion 32c facing the free surface 7, the stress concentrates on the inner wall of the drilling hole 6 that comes into contact with the protruding portion 32c, and the crushing from the contact location to the periphery of the drilling hole 6 occurs. Becomes easier to progress. As a result, crushing of the material 5 to be crushed is promoted in the region on the free surface 7 side of the drilling hole 6, and further efficiency of the crushing operation can be achieved. Further, as the chisel 3, for example, a shape described in Patent Document 1 can be adopted, and the tip portion 32 of the chisel 3 is not necessarily provided with a notch.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the piston 11 is reciprocated by hydraulic pressure. However, the driving source of the piston 11 is not limited to hydraulic pressure, and a crushing apparatus using a driving source such as air used in the entire crushing apparatus. Needless to say, the present invention can also be applied.

  By the way, the crushing apparatus provided with the attachment 2 shown in FIG. 2 can also be utilized in crushing methods other than the crushing method concerning this invention. That is, not only when hitting a plurality of chisels in order, but also when hitting one chisel, for example, the crushing device is used to effectively use the tip of the chisel to efficiently perform crushing work. It becomes possible.

  The present invention can be applied to all crushing techniques for crushing objects to be crushed, such as bedrock and rock.

1 ... Breaker body (blow device)
2 ... Attachment (blow device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Chisel 5 ... Object to be crushed 6 ... Drilling hole 7 ... Free surface 11 ... Piston 13 ... Cylinder space 14 ... Cylindrical space 22b ... Strike surface 23 ... Insertion space 32 ... Chisel tip 32a, 32b ... Inclined surface 61, 62, 63 ... Drilling row (drilling group)

Claims (6)

The drilling hole formed in the object to be crushed, such as bedrock or rock, has a front end face with an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole, and the outer diameter increases as it advances from the front end side to the rear end side. A crushing method for crushing the periphery of the hole by inserting a chisel having a tip portion formed with an inclined surface having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the chisel and applying a striking force to the chisel with a striking device,
A hole forming step for forming a plurality of holes in the object to be crushed;
The chisel is placed in a state where the tip portion is inserted into each of at least two of the plurality of holes and the inclined surface is in contact with the inner wall of the hole and separated from the impacting device. Chisel installation process to install,
A crushing step of crushing the periphery of the hole to be crushed by sequentially applying a striking force by the striking device to a rear end surface of the chisel installed in the hole.
Equipped with a,
The striking device is
A breaker body having a piston that provides a striking force to the chisel by forming a cylindrical space that communicates with the cylinder space and the cylinder space and that opens to the chisel side, and reciprocates in the cylinder space;
An attachment that has a rear end portion attached to the breaker body in a state of being accommodated in the cylindrical space and has a front end portion that protrudes from the cylindrical space, and transmits a striking force by the piston to the chisel. Prepared,
A crushing method comprising crushing the object to be crushed by the front end of the attachment hitting the rear end of the chisel as the piston hits the rear end of the attachment .   After the crushing step is completed in one of the drilling holes in which the chisel is installed, before the crushing process is completed in all of the drilling holes in which the chisel is installed, the one that has been installed in the one drilling hole The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the chisel is installed in another drilling hole.   In the drilling formation step, a plurality of drilling groups having a plurality of the drilling holes are formed, and in the chisel installation step, the chisel is installed in all the drilling holes belonging to at least one of the drilling groups. The crushing method according to claim 1, wherein when the crushing step is completed in one of the installed hole groups, the chisel installed in the hole group is installed in another hole group.   In the hole forming step, at least three of the hole groups are formed, and in the chisel installation step, the chisel is installed in all of the hole holes belonging to at least two of the hole groups, and the chisel is installed. After the crushing process is completed in one of the drilling holes, the chisel installed in the one drilling group is removed before the crushing process is completed in all of the drilling groups in which the chisel is installed. The crushing method according to claim 3, which is installed in another hole group.   The object to be crushed has a free surface, and the plurality of hole groups are formed along the free surface in different states from the free surface, and the crushing step is performed on the free surface. The crushing method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the crushing method is performed sequentially from the nearest hole group.   The crushing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the striking force of the striking device is applied to the chisel by placing the striking surface of the striking device in contact with the rear end surface of the chisel. Method.

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