JP2020059977A - Wedge shaped chisel, crushing device and crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wedge shaped chisel capable of generating fractures in various direction in a crushed object by pushing a tip portion into a drilled hole, and efficiently crushing the crushed object.SOLUTION: A first contact portion has a first opposite surface disposed opposite to a first wall surface portion while curving along the first wall surface portion, and a first protrudent portion protruded from the first opposite surface toward the first wall surface portion, and also the protrudent positions of the first protrudent portion in a circumferential direction of the first opposite surface are different from each other, in a plurality of axial positions that are different from each other in the axial direction, and further a circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first protrusion portion is changed corresponding to the pushing a tip portion into a drilled hole, in each part of the first wall surface portion in the first direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention pushes the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape into a hole formed in an object to be crushed, such as rock, rock, or a concrete structure, and directs the free surface of the object to be crushed from the hole. The present invention relates to a technique for generating cracks and crushing, particularly a wedge-shaped chisel suitable for crushing an object to be crushed, a crushing device and a crushing method using the wedge-shaped chisel.

  In order to crush objects to be crushed, such as bedrock, rock, and concrete structures, with the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel inserted into the hole, the wedge-shaped chisel is placed parallel to the first direction in which the hole is formed. A technique has been proposed in which a wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction while hitting or vibrating the end portion to generate a crack from the drilled hole toward the free surface of the crushed object and to split the rock (Patent Documents 1 to 3). etc).

Patent No. 4636294 Patent No. 5145503 Patent No. 5617140

  By the way, as described above, the tip end portion of the tapered wedge-shaped chisel is pushed into the drilling hole, so that the plurality of inclined surfaces (the “first contact portion” and the “second contact portion” of the invention of the present application are provided. (Corresponding to the "contact portion") presses the inner wall surface of the drilled hole radially outward. At this time, in any of the inclined surfaces, the position where the inclined surface presses the inner wall surface of the drilled hole (corresponding to the “circumferential position” of the present invention) is substantially constant during the pushing of the tip end portion of the wedge chisel. That is, the direction of pressing the inner wall surface of the drilled hole is substantially constant. Therefore, the direction of the crack generated in the crushed object does not change significantly. Therefore, in the related art, for example, after performing a split rock operation with a wedge-shaped chisel as described in Patent Document 1, the wedge-shaped chisel is rotated about the axial direction by, for example, 45 ° and the series of cracks described above is again performed. The introduction process is performed to generate a crack in another direction to expand the crushing area.

  As described above, in order to generate cracks in multiple directions in the crushed object and finely crush the crushed object, it is necessary to repeat the crack introduction step, and it is desired to improve the efficiency of the crushing work.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a wedge capable of efficiently crushing an object to be crushed by pushing a tip into a hole to generate cracks in various directions with respect to the object to be crushed. An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device and a crushing method that can improve the efficiency of crushing work using the wedge chisel.

  A first aspect of the present invention has a shaft body structure which is extended in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed in an object to be crushed and tapers toward a tip. The first contact portion of the tip portion is abutted against the first wall surface portion of the inner wall surface of the crushed object on the free surface side, and the second contact portion of the tip portion is on the second wall surface portion on the anti-free surface side. When the tip portion is pushed into the drilled hole with the contact portion in contact, the inner wall surface of the drilled hole is pressed by the first contact portion and the second contact portion, and the free surface of the object to be crushed from the drilled hole. A wedge-shaped chisel that generates a crack toward the first contact portion, wherein the first contact portion is curved along the first wall surface portion and is opposed to the first wall surface portion. A first protrusion that is provided so as to project from the surface toward the first wall surface portion, and the first protrusion is provided at a plurality of axial positions that are different from each other in the axial direction. The projecting positions of the first projecting portions in the circumferential direction of the facing surface are different from each other, and in each part of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first projecting portion. Is characterized in that it changes according to the pushing of the tip into the hole.

  A second aspect of the present invention is to crush a crushed object by giving a crack toward a free surface of the crushed object from a hole formed in the crushed object such as rock mass, rock, and concrete structure A device comprising the wedge chisel and a piston that strikes the rear end of the wedge chisel, and the tip of the wedge chisel is pushed into the drilling hole while the piston is striking the wedge chisel to be crushed. It is characterized by crushing.

  Further, a third aspect of the present invention is a crushing method in which a crushed object is crushed by giving a crack toward a free surface of the crushed object from a hole formed in the crushed object such as rock mass, rock, and a concrete structure. An apparatus, wherein the wedge-shaped chisel, a main body held by a work machine, and a vibrating portion vibrating in a vibration direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed on the crushed object side of the main body, The main body includes a support portion that supports the vibrating portion so that the vibrating portion can vibrate in the vibration direction, and a chisel holding portion that is attached to the vibrating portion and that holds the rear end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel. While the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel is held in the drilled hole while being held by the chisel holding part, the wedge-shaped chisel is given the vibration in the vibration direction generated by the vibrating part while being applied to the wedge-shaped chisel by its own weight or the pressing force given by the work machine. Crush the object to be crushed by pushing the tip of the chisel It is characterized.

  Further, a fourth aspect of the present invention is a crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed by giving a crack toward a free surface of the object to be crushed from a hole formed in the object to be crushed, such as rock, rock or concrete structure. A method comprising: preparing the wedge chisel, inserting the tip of the wedge chisel into a hole, and striking a rear end of the wedge chisel parallel to a first direction in which the hole is formed. Alternatively, a step of pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction while applying vibration to split the rock around the drilled hole is featured.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when the tip portion of the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed into the drilled hole, the inner wall surface of the drilled hole is pressed by the first contact portion and the second contact portion. The first contact portion is provided with the first protrusion, and presses the first wall surface portion of the inner wall surface. Moreover, in each part of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first protrusion changes in accordance with the pushing of the tip portion into the drilled hole. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, in the vicinity of the opening of the drilled hole, the circumferential position changes in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion as the pushing progresses, and the pushing direction (white arrow in FIG. 3) changes. The crack direction also changes. Therefore, various cracks are generated in the crushed object in large numbers, and the crushed object can be efficiently crushed.

It is a figure which shows the use aspect of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with 1st Embodiment of the wedge type chisel which concerns on this invention. It is a figure showing a 1st embodiment of a wedge type chisel concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method of crushing a rock mass with the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the wedge type chisel which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the use aspect of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. It is a figure which shows the usage mode of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. It is a figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the wedge type chisel which concerns on this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing device equipped with a first embodiment of a wedge type chisel according to the present invention. The tip of a wedge-shaped chisel (hereinafter, simply referred to as “chisel”) 2 mounted on the hydraulic breaker 1 is pushed into a drilling hole 4 formed in the rock bed 3 to crush the periphery of the drilling hole 4. In this specification, for later description, XYZ coordinate axes are set as shown in FIG. Here, the formation direction of the drilled hole 4 is "-Z", and the direction from the drilled hole 4 to the free surface 31 of the rock mass 3 is "+ Y" in the direction orthogonal to the drilled hole forming direction (-Z). A direction orthogonal to Z and the direction Y is defined as “X”.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic breaker 1 is attached to an arm 51 of a construction vehicle 5 such as a backhoe via a bracket 52. The hydraulic breaker 1 includes a breaker body (not shown) supported by a bracket 52. Further, the breaker body has a cylinder 11 in the center. By supplying pressure oil from a hydraulic pressure supply source (not shown) to the cylinder 11 via the switching valve, the piston 12 slidably fitted in the cylinder 11 can be moved forward and backward in the axial direction.

  The rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 is attached to the tip portion (lower end portion in FIG. 1) of the breaker body so that the axis line AX (FIG. 2) of the chisel 2 is coaxial with the reciprocating axis of the piston 12. A striking chamber is formed between the rear end surface of the chisel 2 and the piston 12. Then, in the tip portion of the breaker body, the chisel 2 can reciprocate a predetermined distance in the direction of the axis AX by the impact of the piston 12. Reference numeral 53 in FIG. 1 is a soundproof cover that suppresses the operation sound generated when the piston 12 is hit, from propagating to the surroundings as noise.

  FIG. 2 is a view showing a first embodiment of the wedge type chisel according to the present invention. The figure (a) is the side view which looked at the chisel 2 from the (+ X) direction, the figure (b) is the side view which looked at the chisel 2 from the (+ Y) direction, and the figure (c-1)-. (C-4) is an XY sectional view in axial direction positions Z1 to Z4 different from each other in the axial direction Z of the chisel 2.

  The wedge-shaped chisel 2 has a shaft structure having an axis line AX parallel to the forming direction (-Z) of the drilled hole 4, and the rear end portion 21 can be mounted on the hydraulic breaker 1. On the other hand, the tip end portion 22 of the wedge-shaped chisel 2 has a so-called tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it goes toward the tip end side and the (−Z) direction side. More specifically, the rear end position Pr of the tip end portion 22 has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter d of the drilled hole 4, while the tip end position Pf has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilled hole 4. In this way, of the side surfaces of the tip portion 22, the free surface side (right hand side in FIG. 2A) and the anti-free surface side (left hand side in FIG. 2A) are inclined surfaces 23 and 24, respectively.

  The inclined surface 23 on the free surface side is provided facing the first wall surface portion while curving along the first wall surface portion (reference numeral 41 in FIG. 3) on the free surface side of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4. , Which corresponds to the “first facing surface” of the present invention. Further, the projection 25 is provided so as to project from the inclined surface 23 in the (+ Y) direction, that is, toward the first wall surface portion at a constant height. As shown in FIG. 2, the protrusion 25 is provided spirally with respect to the inclined surface 23, and has the following characteristics in the effective split rock range R of the tip 22. That is, at a plurality of axial direction positions different from each other in the axial direction Z (four axial direction positions Z1 to Z4 are shown in the figure), the protrusion 25 in the circumferential direction of the inclined surface (first facing surface) 23 is formed. The protrusion positions (four protrusion positions 251 to 254 are shown in the figure) are different from each other. The distance L from the axis AX in the XY plane to the tops of the protrusions 25 (four tops 231 to 234 are shown in the figure) is longer than the distance from the axis AX to the inclined surface 23, and the chisel 2 gradually decreases toward the tip of 2. Therefore, when the tip portion 22 of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilled hole 4 as described later, the inclined surface 23 does not come into contact with the first wall surface portion of the drilled hole 4 and only the protrusion 25 comes into contact with the first wall surface portion. Press. Moreover, the protrusion 25 has a spiral shape so as to wind around the inclined surface 23. Therefore, at each of the axial direction positions Z1 to Z4, the projecting positions of the projecting portion 25 in the circumferential direction of the inclined surface 23 are different from each other as shown in FIGS. 2 (c-1) to (c-4).

  On the other hand, the inclined surface 24 on the anti-free surface side is provided facing the second wall surface portion while curving along the second wall surface portion (reference numeral 42 in FIG. 3) on the anti-free surface side of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4. And corresponds to the “second facing surface” of the present invention. Further, on the side opposite to the free surface, as shown in FIG. 2, a groove portion 26 that functions as an air vent is provided from the inclined surface 24 to the rear end portion 21.

  When the tip portion 22 of the chisel 2 configured as described above is pushed into the drilled hole 4, the inclined surface 24 abuts and presses against the second wall surface portion of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4 on the anti-free surface side and the free surface side. Then, the protrusion 25 selectively abuts and presses against the first wall surface portion of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4. Thereby, a crack can be generated from the drilled hole 4 toward the free surface 31. As described above, in the present embodiment, the inclined surface 23 and the protruding portion 25 constitute the “first contact portion” of the present invention, while the inclined surface 24 constitutes the “second contact portion” of the present invention. The crushing work is carried out as follows.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a crushing method of crushing bedrock by the crushing device of FIG. When the tip portion 22 of the chisel 2 shown in FIG. 2 is inserted into the drilled hole 4, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first wall surface portion 41 on the free surface side of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4 makes a first contact. The projection 25 of the portion is locked, and the inclined surface 24 of the second contact portion is locked to the second wall surface portion 42 on the side opposite to the free surface.

  When the piston 12 of the hydraulic breaker 1 is reciprocated substantially parallel to the axis AX and the rear end 21 (FIG. 2) of the chisel 2 is directly hit, the tip 22 of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilled hole 4. At this time, at the position (depth Ha) in the vicinity of the opening of the drilled hole 4, the tip projection portion of the projection 25 (the portion of the projection 25 located at the axial position Z4) is located at the first wall surface portion 41. The first wall surface portion 41 is abutted against the first wall surface portion 41, and a pressing force F14 is applied to the first wall surface portion 41 in a direction inclined by about 45 ° from the (+ Y) direction to the (+ X) direction as shown by a white arrow in the figure. On the other hand, the inclined surface 24 contacts the second wall surface portion 42 against the second wall surface portion 42 and applies a pressing force F2 to the second wall surface portion 42 in the (-Y) direction as shown by the white arrow in the figure. . Therefore, due to these pressing forces F14 and F2, the tip 22 is moved toward the free surface side of the inner wall of the drilled hole 4, that is, in the (+ Y) direction by a distance determined by the pressing amount of the chisel 2 and the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces 23 and 24. By pushing the side, a crack is generated from the drilled hole 4 toward the free surface 31.

  Further, when the tip portion 22 of the chisel 2 is further pushed into the drilled hole 4 while continuing to be hit by the piston 12, as shown in FIG. 7B, the contact state of the inclined surface 24 with respect to the second wall surface portion 42. Does not change, and the pressing force F2 is applied to the second wall surface portion 42 in the (−Y) direction. This point is the same regardless of the pushing amount of the chisel 2. On the other hand, the contact state of the protrusion 25 with respect to the second wall surface portion 42 changes according to the pushing of the tip 22 of the chisel 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the tip projection portion 254 of the projection 25 is deeper (depth Hb) than the opening vicinity (depth Ha) of the drilled hole 4 by the amount by which the tip 22 is pushed. Then, the first wall surface portion 41 is brought into contact with the first wall surface portion 41 and a pressing force F14 is applied to the first wall surface portion 41 in a direction inclined by about 45 ° from the (+ Y) direction to the (+ X) direction as shown by the white arrow in the figure. As a result, a crack is generated from the first wall surface portion 41 toward the free surface 31 at the depth Hb in the same manner as in the initial stage of pushing (FIG. 7A). At the same time, at the position near the opening of the drilled hole 4 (depth Ha), the intermediate protrusion portion 253 of the protrusion 25 (the portion of the protrusion 25 located at the axial position Z3) 253 abuts on the first wall surface portion 41. In contact with each other, a pressing force F13 is applied to the first wall surface portion 41 in a direction inclined by about 22.5 ° from the (+ Y) direction to the (+ X) direction as indicated by a white arrow in the figure. Therefore, a crack is generated in a direction different from the above at a position near the opening of the drilled hole 4.

  By continuing such an operation, a large number of various cracks in various directions from the drilled hole 4 toward the free surface 31 enter the bedrock (crushed object) 3 and the bedrock 3 is split. As a result, crushing and removal from the bedrock 3 is easier than in the conventional technique.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a second embodiment of the wedge type chisel according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing device equipped with the wedge type chisel of FIG. 4. Although the chisel 2 shown in FIG. 4 is effective for crushing the bedrock 3 in the same manner as the first embodiment, a plurality of chisels 2 are prepared and the crushing method described in Patent Document 2, for example, a so-called unit is used. It can be used for the crushing method.

  The chisel 2 has the protrusion 25 as in the first embodiment, and by pushing the tip 22 of the chisel 2 into the drilling hole 4, a large number of cracks are formed in various directions from the drilling hole 4 toward the free surface 31. However, they are different in the following two points. Therefore, while the description will be focused on the differences, the same or corresponding configurations will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  The first difference is that a tapered support portion 27 is further provided on the tip end side (−Z direction side) of the chisel. That is, the rear end diameter of the support portion 27 is finished to be smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilled hole 4, and the outer diameter becomes smaller toward the tip end side. Therefore, the support portion 27 can be completely inserted into the drilled hole 4, and after the insertion, the support portion 27 engages with and supports the inner wall of the drilled hole 4 when the chisel 2 is tilted. It has a function to prevent the fall.

  The second difference is the shape of the rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2, and the rear end portion 21 has a structure that is separated from the hydraulic breaker 1 and is hit by the piston 12. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic breaker 1 is formed on the rock bed 3, the breaker body 13 attached to the arm 51 of the construction vehicle 5 such as a backhoe via the bracket 52, the attachment 14 attached to the breaker body 13. The chisel 2 which is self-supported by previously inserting the support portion 27 into the drilled hole 4 is configured.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the breaker body 13 has a housing (not shown) extending in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 5), and a cylindrical cylinder space 15 extending in the axial direction is formed therein. Has been done. The breaker body 13 has a piston 12 housed in the cylinder space 15. The piston 12 is reciprocated in the axial direction by supplying pressure oil from a hydraulic pressure supply source (not shown) through a switching valve. To do. Further, a cylindrical space 16 communicating with the cylinder space 15 is formed on the tip side (lower side in FIG. 5) of the cylinder space 15, and the tip surface of the cylinder space 16 is an opening surface.

  The attachment 14 is arranged between the piston 12 and the chisel 2 and has a role of transmitting the striking force generated by the reciprocating motion of the piston 12 to the chisel 2. The rear end of the attachment 14 is inserted into the tubular space 16 through the opening surface of the tubular space 16 and mounted on the breaker body 13. In this mounted state, the tip of the attachment 14 projects from the cylindrical space 16. A cylindrical guide portion 17 is formed at the tip of the attachment 14. The front end surface of the insertion space 18 formed inside the guide portion 17 is an opening surface, and the rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 can be accommodated in the insertion space 18 from this opening surface. The surface facing the opening surface is configured as a striking surface that strikes the rear end surface of the chisel 2.

  The rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 is configured as follows and can be inserted into the insertion space 18 inside the guide portion 17. That is, the rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 has a first rear end portion 21a having a rear end end surface that is hit by the attachment 14, and a first rear end portion 21a that extends toward the front end side (−Z direction side) of the first rear end portion 21a. The first rear end portion 21a has a second rear end portion 21b having an outer diameter larger than that of the first rear end portion 21a, and the diameter greatly changes at the boundary portion between the first rear end portion 21a and the second rear end portion 21b. The part 11c is formed. The rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 is configured to be axially insertable into and removable from the insertion space 18 of the attachment 14, that is, engageable with and disengageable from the guide portion 17.

  The crushing work for crushing the bedrock 3 having the free surface 31 on the (+ Y) direction side using the chisel 2 configured as described above can be performed in the same manner as described in Patent Document 2. In addition, since the chisel 2 is also provided with the projection 25 in the second embodiment, the tip 22 of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilling hole 4 to push the free surface from the drilling hole 4 as in the first embodiment. Many cracks can be generated in various directions toward 31, and the crushing work can be efficiently performed.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to the hydraulic breaker 1 that performs the crushing process by directly or indirectly applying the striking force due to the reciprocating motion of the piston 12 to the chisel 2 through the attachment 14. For example, the crushing apparatus described in Patent Document 3 may be equipped with the chisel 2 shown in FIG. 2 to perform the crushing process (third embodiment).

  FIG. 6 is a view showing a usage mode of another crushing device equipped with the wedge type chisel of FIG. 2. This crushing device uses a crane truck 6 which is an example of a working machine, a crushing mechanism 7, and a chisel shown in FIG. 2, and similarly to the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the rock bed 3 ( The free surface side (right hand side in the figure) of the periphery of the drilled hole 4 formed in the −Z) direction is crushed. As shown in the figure, the mobile crane 6 is parked at a position adjacent to the site where the drilled hole 4 is formed, and extends the arm 61 from the position to the space above the drilled hole 4. The wire 62 hangs from the tip of the arm 61, and the crushing mechanism 7 is attached to the tip.

  The crushing mechanism 7 includes a main body 71 which is held by the crane vehicle 6 by the wire 62, a vibration portion 72 which vibrates in the vibration direction Z parallel to the formation direction of the drilled holes 4 on the rock 3 side of the main body 71, and the main body portion. Four supporting portions 73 that support the vibrating portion 72 in a vibrating direction Z relative to the vibrating portion 71, and a chisel holding portion 74 that is attached to the vibrating portion 72 and holds the rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 are provided. There is. Since the structure of the crushing mechanism 7 is described in detail in Patent Document 3, the description of the structure is omitted here.

  The chisel 2 shown in FIG. 2 is held by the chisel holding portion 74, and the tip portion 22 of the chisel 2 is drilled with the first contact portion (= inclined surface 23 + projection portion 25) facing the free surface 31. Inserted in. As a result, the protrusion 25 of the first abutting portion is locked to the first wall surface portion 41 on the free surface side of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole 4 and the second wall surface portion 42 on the side opposite to the free surface is contacted secondly. The inclined surface 24 of the contact portion is locked. Then, by operating a hydraulic motor (not shown) of the crushing mechanism 7, the vibrating portion 72 is vibrated in the direction Z parallel to the drilling direction (-Z) while holding the chisel 2 by the chisel holding portion 74. As a result, a force (including the weight of the chisel 2 and the crushing mechanism 7) for pushing in the drilling direction (-Z) and a force for pulling out from the drilling hole 4 are alternately applied to the chisel 2. At this time, the tip portion of the chisel 2 is pushed into the drilled hole 4 by the force of pushing the chisel 2. At this time, similar to the first embodiment, many cracks are generated from the drilled hole 4 toward the free surface 31 in various directions. In addition, the force of pulling out immediately after the force of pushing in is applied, and the tip 22 of the chisel 2 is prevented from being caught in the inner wall of the drilled hole 4. During this vibrating operation, the reaction force against the vibration generated by the vibrating section 72 is received by the main body section 71, and the crushing process can be stably performed. As described in Patent Document 3, the chisel 2 may be forcibly pushed into the drilled hole 4 by the work machine.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the groove 26 is provided only on the side opposite to the free surface, but the groove 26 may be provided as shown in FIG. 7, for example. In this case, the addition of the groove portion 26 provides the inclined surface 23 on the free surface side with two protrusions 25a and 25b. Further, the formation of the protrusion is not limited to the first contact portion. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, in addition to the inclined surface 23 on the free surface side, the inclined surface 24 on the anti-free surface side has the axis line AX. Alternatively, the protrusions 28a and 28b having a shape line-symmetrical to the protrusions 25a and 25b may be added. That is, the second contact portion may be configured by the inclined surface 24 and the protrusions 28a and 28b. The number of protrusions is not limited to “1” or “2” described above, and may be 3 or more. The same applies to the wedge-shaped chisel according to the second embodiment.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the air vent groove portion 26 is provided in the first contact portion and the second contact portion, but these are not essential, and an air vent structure is provided in addition to the first contact portion and the second contact portion. It may be provided separately.

  Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, the piston is reciprocated by hydraulic pressure, but the drive source of the piston is not limited to hydraulic pressure, and a drive source used in all crushing devices, such as air, etc. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a crushing device using a.

  Further, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the operation sound generated when the rear end portion 21 of the chisel 2 is hit is suppressed from propagating to the surroundings as noise. Therefore, the soundproof cover 53 is provided, but in order to further suppress the operating noise, the technique described in Japanese Patent No. 5824713 may be used. That is, by forming an insertion space at the tip of the cylinder and allowing the rear end 21 of the chisel 2 to be loosely inserted into the insertion space, it is possible to further effectively prevent the operating noise from propagating to the surroundings. can do.

  In the embodiment described above, the bedrock 3 corresponds to an example of the “crushed object” of the present invention. Further, the (−Z) direction corresponds to the “first direction” of the present invention, and the extending direction of the axis line AX extending in parallel with this direction corresponds to the “axial direction” of the present invention. The protrusions 25, 25a, 25b correspond to the "first protrusion" of the present invention, and the protrusions 28a, 28b correspond to the "second protrusion" of the present invention. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the position where the projection portions 253 and 254 of the projection portion 25 contact and press the first wall surface portion 41 is an example of the “circumferential position of the first wall surface portion in the circumferential direction” of the present invention. Is equivalent to.

  This invention, by pushing the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape to a drilling hole formed in a crushed object such as rock, rock, or a concrete structure to generate a crack from the drilling hole toward a free surface. It can be applied to all crushing techniques.

1 ... Hydraulic breaker (crushing device)
2… Wedge-shaped chisel 3… Bedrock (crushed material)
4 ... Drilling hole 7 ... Crushing mechanism 12 ... Piston 21 ... (Chisel) rear end 31 ... (Crushed object) free surface 23 ... Inclined surface (first facing surface, first contact portion)
24 ... Inclined surface (second facing surface, second contact portion)
25, 25a, 25b, 28a, 28b ... Projection part 41 ... 1st wall surface part 42 ... 2nd wall surface part Z1-Z4 ... Axial direction position

A first aspect of the present invention is a shaft structure in which a tip end portion is provided which extends in an axial direction parallel to a first direction in which a hole is formed in an object to be crushed and which is tapered toward a tip end. Of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole, the first contact portion of the tip portion is in contact with the first wall surface portion of the crushed object on the free surface side, and the second wall surface portion on the anti-free surface side The second abutting portion of the tip portion is abutted , and the tip portion is pushed into the drilling hole along the first direction in a state where the second abutting portion is not rotated about the axis line, so that the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are used for cutting. A wedge-shaped chisel that presses an inner wall surface of a hole to generate a crack from a drilled hole toward a free surface of an object to be crushed, wherein a first abutting portion bends along a first wall surface portion to form a first wall. A first facing surface provided to face the wall surface portion, and a first protruding portion protruding from the first facing surface toward the first wall surface portion. And, the plurality of different axial positions in the axial direction and protruding position of the first projecting portion in the circumferential direction of the first facing surface different from each other,
In each part of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first protrusion changes according to the pushing of the tip portion into the drilled hole. There is.

Claims (7)

The shredder of the inner wall surface of the drilled hole has a shaft structure that extends in the axial direction parallel to the first direction in which the drilled hole is formed for the shredded object and tapers toward the tip. The first contact portion of the tip end portion is brought into contact with the first wall surface portion on the free surface side of the object, and the second contact portion of the tip end portion is contacted with the second wall surface portion on the anti-free surface side. When the tip portion is pushed into the drilled hole in this state, the inner wall surface of the drilled hole is pressed by the first contact portion and the second contact portion, and the object to be crushed is free from the drilled hole. A wedge-shaped chisel that generates a crack toward the surface,
The first contact portion is provided along the first wall surface portion while facing the first wall surface portion while curving along the first wall surface portion, and from the first facing surface toward the first wall surface portion. And a first protrusion that is provided so as to project,
At a plurality of axial direction positions different from each other in the axial direction, the projecting positions of the first projecting portion in the circumferential direction of the first facing surface are different from each other,
In each part of the first wall surface portion in the first direction, the circumferential position in the circumferential direction of the first wall surface portion pressed by the first protrusion corresponds to the pushing of the tip portion into the drilled hole. A wedge-shaped chisel that changes. The wedge type chisel according to claim 1,
A wedge-shaped chisel in which the first protrusion is provided spirally with respect to the first facing surface. The wedge type chisel according to claim 1 or 2,
The second abutting portion has a second facing surface provided so as to face the second wall surface portion while curving along the second wall surface portion, and in response to pushing the tip end portion into the drilled hole. A wedge-shaped chisel that presses the second facing surface against the second wall surface portion. The wedge type chisel according to claim 1 or 2,
The second contact portion has a second facing surface that is provided to face the second wall surface portion while curving along the second wall surface portion, and from the second facing surface toward the second wall surface portion. And a second protrusion that is projected,
The wedge-shaped chisel in which the second protrusion is provided in line symmetry with the first protrusion with respect to the axis of the shaft structure. A crushing device for crushing the crushable object by giving a crack toward a free surface of the crushable object from a hole formed in the crushable object such as bedrock, rock and concrete structure,
A wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A piston that strikes the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel,
A crushing device which crushes the object to be crushed by pushing the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into a hole while striking the wedge-shaped chisel with the piston. A crushing device for crushing the crushable object by giving a crack toward a free surface of the crushable object from a hole formed in the crushable object such as bedrock, rock and concrete structure,
A wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A main body held by the work machine,
A vibrating portion that vibrates in a vibration direction parallel to a first direction in which the hole is formed on the crushed object side of the main body;
A support portion that supports the vibrating portion with respect to the main body portion so that the vibrating portion can vibrate in the vibrating direction;
A chisel holding portion attached to the vibrating portion and holding a rear end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel,
With the tip end of the wedge-shaped chisel inserted in the drilled hole, the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel is held by the chisel holding portion, and the vibration in the vibration direction generated by the vibrating portion is applied to the wedge-shaped chisel. A crushing device which crushes the object to be crushed by pushing the tip end portion of the wedge-shaped chisel by its own weight or a pressing force applied from the working machine while applying. A crushing method of crushing the crushable object by giving a crack toward a free surface of the crushable object from a hole formed in the crushable object such as rock, rock, and concrete structure,
Preparing the wedge chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Inserting the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into the hole,
Pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction while striking or vibrating the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel in parallel with the first direction in which the drilled hole is formed, and breaking rock around the drilled hole. A crushing method comprising:

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