JP5119400B2 - Method for maturing immature seaweed and seaweed obtained by the method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for maturing an immature seaweed and a seaweed obtained by the method, and is used, for example, in the fields of breeding, seedling production for aquaculture, research, education, etc. is there.

In the present invention, the “immature body” refers to a leaf body before becoming an adult from germination that does not mature in a natural sea area.

In the present invention, the term “composite” refers to a plant of the order of the family Compositae, which consists of the family Chumaceae, Chigaisoaceae, Craneaceae and Nisetrumo. The term “composite plant” is described in “New Nippon Seaweed Magazine” (written by Tadao Yoshida, publisher: Uchida Otsukuru). The kombu family includes arame, kajime, sagaram and the like, and the chigaiso family includes wakame, chigaiso and the like.

  As for seaweeds, brown algae, especially arame, swordfish, seaweed, and kombu, form a marine forest in the coastal area in addition to its use as food. It is a breeding ground for fish and is important from the fishery and environmental perspectives. Seaweeds are used in various industries such as alginic acid, which is an additive to foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, and in recent years, it is a fucoidan, a physiologically active substance.

  The maturation induction method is a method of cutting out a part of an adult and cultivating it in an appropriate nutrient salt-enriched seawater.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-135562 discloses a culture method (hereinafter referred to as “conventional culture method”) in which maturation is induced by cutting juveniles of the order and culturing them in an aquarium poured with deep ocean water. is doing.
JP 2004-135562 A

  However, most Kombu plants have a single leaf morphology for both juveniles and adults, and there is no clear distinction between juveniles and adults, and even a juvenile of about 10 centimeters or more may mature in a natural sea area. In seedling production, spores matured in natural waters are collected and used as mother algae, and seedlings are unstable due to the growth and maturation of adults and the weather at the time of collection.

  The above-described conventional culture method for inducing maturation of the immature body of the order is applied only in a place where the deep seawater is abundantly used because the cultured seawater is limited to flowing deep seawater. It can only be done.

  In addition, when culturing with still water, it is necessary to maintain a clean state after cutting in order to prevent spore fragments from greening and decay, and the culture conditions such as water temperature and photoperiod conditions also affect maturity. .

  In view of the situation as described above, the present invention induces the maturation of immature seaweeds, and by setting the culture conditions such as photoperiod, water temperature, medium, etc., the immature body of seaweeds can be quickly and stably And a seaweed obtained by the method.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for maturing an immature seaweed as described below, and a seaweed obtained by the method.

(1) An immature body of a comb that has a distinction between a juvenile and an adult is formed into a tissue piece hollowed out into a circular shape, a polygonal shape, or a comb shape, and impurities and the tissue attached to the tissue piece A method for maturing immature seaweeds characterized in that after removing mucus from the cut surface of the piece, the tissue piece is washed with clean seawater (claim 1).

(2) The immature tissue piece is kept clean in filtered or sterilized culture water (Claim 2).

(3) The short-day condition, which is a photoperiod including a continuous dark period of 12 hours or longer, is used as the light condition for culturing .

(4) The temperature of the culture water is in the range of 0 to 30 ° C. (Claim 4).

(5) The culture water is deep sea water, surface seawater, nutrient seawater reinforced seawater or artificial seawater based on the deep seawater or surface seawater (Claim 5).

(6) the algae, Ru der made by mature tissue fragments of immature body of the seaweed (claim 6). In other words, this seaweed is obtained by maturing an immature tissue piece of seaweed by the above method, and further maturing an immature tissue piece of the seaweed by the above method. Is. In other words, the present invention is applied to a seaweed child generation and a grandchild generation.

(7) A seaweed obtained by the method of maturing an immature body of any of the above seaweeds (Claim 7). That is, the seaweed which has the seaweed of each generation of life history obtained by this method, or its each cell or tissue.

Deep sea water means seawater having a depth of 200 m or more, and surface seawater means seawater having a depth of 200 m or less.

According to the method of the present invention, immature seaweeds can be matured, and therefore the generational change can be artificially accelerated, and the method of the present invention can be applied to the development of breeding techniques. . In addition, according to the present invention, in seed production such as seaweed breeding / culture, seedling can be collected from an immature body obtained by indoor culture or a naturally collected immature body, so that stable seed production is possible.

  Hereinafter, an example of a method for maturing an immature body of seaweed by maintaining a part of the immature body of seaweed in a clean state in the culture water will be described with respect to the order of the kombu.

Spore body pieces are made by hollowing out a part of the juveniles of the order, removing mucus from the cut surface and impurities on the surface with a paper towel etc., and then washing the spore body pieces several times with sterile seawater To do.

Maturation is induced by culturing the spores in sterilized seawater or nutrient-reinforced seawater based on sterilized seawater. In the meantime, it is confirmed from time to time that there is no discoloration of the spores or white turbidity of seawater. Incidentally, sterilized seawater is seawater sterilized by heating, filtration, etc., and nutrient salt-enriched seawater is seawater to which nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and metals are added.

If there is discoloration of spores or seawater / nutrient-enriched seawater during culturing, immediately replace the culture vessel with seawater and remove contaminants or fouling on the surface or cross section of the spores. . The light conditions for culturing are preferably those in which the light period is short, and the water temperature is cultured in a temperature range in which growth is possible. As a result of this culture, the surface of the spores rises, and zoosporangial plaques (ascotic plaques) having a dark brown color are formed. A gamete can be obtained by obtaining a zoospore from the zoosporangia and culturing it. Moreover, a life cycle can be completed several times by obtaining a spore body by maturing the gametophyte and further maturing the spore body (immature body) by the maturation induction method of the present invention.

With regard to Kajime, which is easy to distinguish between adults and juveniles, immature bodies were matured as follows.

The zoospodium was released from Kajime collected on November 2, 2004 in the natural sea area, and preserved gametophytes were used as materials. This gametophyte was matured from December 12, 2005, and spore bodies were confirmed on December 27, 15 days later.

This spore is cultured in a 2 liter glass flask, 80 μE m ^-2 s ^-1 , light / dark cycle 12 hours: 12 hours, 18 ° C in Provasoli's nutrient-enriched seawater to obtain a spore with a leaf length of about 1 cm. It was. The spores were cultured in 30-liter and 100-liter circular aquariums installed indoors, in Suruga Bay deep water with a water temperature of 18 ° C. taken from a depth of 397 m under natural light. On June 2, 2006, spores having a leaf length of 10 to 15 cm were obtained.

One piece from each of these 11 spores and a 5 cm portion from the base were cut out and aerated in filter sterilized seawater. The mucus secreted from the spores was wiped off with a paper towel, and after aeration in filter sterilized seawater, the mucus was wiped off again.

After performing this work until mucus disappears, nutrition of Provasoli diluted to 50μE m ^-2 s ^-1 , light / dark cycle 8 hours: 16 hours, 20 ° C, filter sterilized seawater or 1/4 to 1/10 times Cultured in salt-reinforced seawater. On July 5, 2006, five out of eleven eggs matured, and on July 13, zoospores were collected. From July 13 to August 24, a circular plastic petri dish filled with 50 ml of nutrient-supplemented seawater of Provasoli without addition of iron, light intensity 60 μE m ^-2 s ^-1 , light / dark cycle 12 hours: 12 hours, water temperature It was cultured at 20 ° C. to obtain gametes.

Thereafter, the cultured seawater was exchanged for Provasoli nutrient-enriched seawater at a concentration of 1/4, and the spore bodies were confirmed on September 1 by inducing maturation of the gametophyte. After that, from September 15th to October 26th, it was transferred to a glass flask filled with 300ml of Provasoli's nutrient-enriched seawater, and the culture was continued while changing water once a week. Obtained.

These spore bodies were taken from October 26, 2006 to January 29, 2007 in a 30-liter and 100-liter circular aquarium indoors, under natural light, at a water temperature of 16-18 ° C, and at a water depth of 397 or 687 m. Culturing was performed in Suruga Bay deep water, and spore bodies having a leaf length of 10 to 15 cm were obtained. This was matured by the same maturation induction method as described above. At this time, the culture conditions were changed, and the water temperature was 15 ° C., and the filter sterilized seawater was used as the culture seawater. As a result, maturity was confirmed on March 16, and zoospores were collected on March 23. Thereafter, the culture is continued in a state of being differentiated into gametophytes.

Claims (7)

An immature body of a comb that has a morphological distinction between a juvenile and an adult is made into a tissue piece hollowed out into a circular shape, a polygonal shape, or a comb shape, and the foreign matter adhering to the tissue piece and the cutting of the tissue piece A method of maturing an immature seaweed, characterized in that after removing mucus from the surface, the tissue piece is washed with clean seawater . The method for maturing a seaweed immature body according to claim 1, wherein the immature tissue piece is maintained in a clean state in filtered or sterilized culture water . The method for maturing an immature seaweed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a short-day condition, which is a photoperiod including a continuous dark period of 12 hours or more, is used as a light condition for culturing . The method for maturing an immature seaweed according to claim 2 , wherein the temperature of the culture water is in the range of 0 to 30 ° C. The immature seaweed according to claim 2 or 4 , wherein the culture water is deep seawater, surface seawater, nutrient salt reinforced seawater or artificial seawater based on the deep seawater or surface seawater. How to mature the body. The algae, how to mature immature of algae according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in der Rukoto made by mature tissue fragments of immature body of the algae . The seaweed obtained by the method of maturing the immature body of the seaweed according to any one of claims 1 to 6.