JP2005330454A - Method for extracting viscous liquid of brown alga and method for cultivating it to increase its effective component content - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To extract viscous liquid from live brown algae repeatedly, and a method for cultivating the brown algae on the land so as to increase the ratio of an effective component. <P>SOLUTION: The method for extracting the viscous liquid is characterized by putting a culturing rope attached with immature brown algae in a prescribed culturing aquarium on the land, growing until becoming a prescribed adult body, then pulling up the brown algae once to the out of the aquarium, cutting or hurting the tip end of its leaf like part and collecting the viscous liquid therefrom. The collection is performed by shaking or standing still to elute it into a small amount of sea water. After extracting the viscous liquid, the leaf like part tip end of which is cut, is returned to the aquarium, the leaf like part is grown, and after passing a prescribed time, the tip end of the leaf like part is cut or hurt repeatedly to collect the viscous liquid therefrom. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to land cultivation of brown algae, a method for collecting mucus containing viscous polysaccharides such as fucoidan, laminaran, alginic acid, etc. while keeping the brown algae alive, and a high-quality moisturizer, cosmetic, beverage and food additive It is related with the method of growing efficiently in a water tank by adjusting water temperature, nutrient salt, light quantity, and a photoperiod suitably so that the active ingredient content used as the raw material of this may be increased.

Conventionally, useful seaweed has been produced by collecting natural products from the sea or by aquaculture. However, some useful seaweed have not been successfully cultured underwater, and the production volume has been greatly influenced by the climate of the year. On the other hand, stable production and uniform quality are required for raw materials extracted as functional components of seaweeds. For this reason, development of aquarium cultivation on land is required.
Moreover, since the seaweed of brown algae contains many functional components utilized as a cosmetic raw material or a food additive, demand is increasing in recent years.
Among them, Gagome, a seaweed belonging to the genus Trolokonbu, has been used as a raw material for so-called corn, and has recently been found to contain a large amount of viscous polysaccharides such as fucoidan, which has lifestyle-related disease prevention, antitumor and antiallergic effects. It is attracting attention and grows naturally in the waters of the south of Hokkaido, but due to environmental changes, the amount of resources has decreased to about one-tenth of the peak.

In general, the culture of kombu and seaweed is carried out by rope culture. This aquaculture method is to grow seaweed juveniles in advance by seeding seedlings with seaweed juveniles, attaching these seedlings directly to the trunk or via a hanging rope, and placing them in the sea. is there.
Prior art document information
“Development of mass culture system of seaweed using deep ocean water” Kochi Industrial Promotion Center RSP Business Promotion Office, JP 2000-166409, Patent No. 2587673, JP-A-9-224510, JP-A-7-63.

In nature, the growth of brown algae basically depends on the weather and season, so the yield varies depending on the climatic conditions of each year. In addition, underwater aquaculture of brown algae becomes inefficient due to marine pollution, food damage, illness, etc., and may not be able to harvest stably.
In addition, the current extraction method for fucoidan is to crush dried gagome and other brown algae, then selectively extract fucoidan with a calcium chloride solution, remove the extraction residue by centrifugation, and perform ultrafiltration from the obtained crude fucoidan solution. To obtain a purified fucoidan solution. After fucoidan extraction, a large amount of residue is generated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is used for humectants, cosmetics, beverages and raw materials for food additives, etc., and contains high-quality polysaccharides including viscous polysaccharides such as laminaran, fucoidan, and alginic acid. By efficiently adjusting the water temperature, nutrients, light intensity, and photoperiod in an onshore tank, mucus can be obtained from brown algae that have been kept alive, and stably and inexpensively. The purpose is to provide a method for increasing the proportion and efficiently cultivating brown algae.

  The inventor has devised a number of experiments on the extraction of mucus from brown algae, particularly gagome, which is a seaweed of the genus Trolokonbu, and efficient onshore cultivation. The present inventors have found that it is possible to take (viscous polysaccharides including fucoidan, laminaran, alginic acid, etc.) and have reached the present invention.

That is, the present invention
1) A method of collecting mucus repeatedly and periodically while keeping brown algae alive.
2) Take out brown algae from the cultivating aquarium, cut or scratch it about 1-10mm from the tip of the leaf, put the cut part in a container containing seawater or salt water, and elute mucus. A method for collecting mucus according to claim 1.
3) The method for collecting mucus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mucus is extracted by immersing in a small amount of seawater or salt water and allowing to stand or shake.

4) Circulating and purifying seawater in an onshore water tank, and appropriately increasing the water temperature, nutrient salt, light quantity, and photoperiod so as to increase the proportion of the active ingredient in the mucus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 By cultivating brown algae by adjusting
Is to provide.

According to the present invention, mucus can be repeatedly taken out while growing brown algae in an onshore water tank.
Conventionally, it takes 2 to 3 years to harvest, but by adjusting the growth environment in the aquarium, the length and width can be grown to a certain level in about 4 months. In addition, the productivity is improved compared to the method by underwater culture, and almost no waste is produced, so that it is possible to extract a high-quality viscous polysaccharide at low cost.
Moreover, since there is little influence with respect to the natural resource of brown algae and there are few residues after extraction of useful components, such as a viscous polysaccharide, there is also very little influence with respect to a natural environment.

Hereinafter, the means for achieving the above object will be described by taking gagome, which is a seaweed of the genus Trolocombu, a brown alga.
The concrete cultivation method of this invention shows the whole concept of this invention in FIG. 1, and shows the concept which grows gagome in a closed circulation water tank in FIG. Gagome seedlings are placed in an aquarium deep enough to prevent seaweed from growing on the surface of the water, and growth is promoted while adjusting the water temperature, nutrients, light intensity, and photoperiod as appropriate. In FIG. 3, in order to fix the gagome to the rope of the adhesion substrate, the stem of the gagome juvenile is tied with a thin string, and the tip is attached to a rope stretched in the transverse direction of the aquarium.
An example of the cultivation conditions is as follows.
A) Use seedlings, natural or aquacultured gagome juveniles a) Adhesive substrate ropes are stretched across the water, and gagome is adhered at intervals that do not overlap each other c) Natural filtered seawater in a 50-200 cm deep aquarium Or use artificial seawater d) Concentration control of nutrient salt e) Water temperature 2-20 ° C, preferably 5-15 ° C
F) Illuminance of 1000 to 8000 Lux (preferably 2000 to 3500 Lux) in the light period is irradiated with a fluorescent lamp, mercury lamp, LED, etc. as light, the dark period is set to 100 Lux or less, and the daily light / dark ratio of the light cycle is 1: 2 to 2 : Adjust within the range of 1

The mucus extraction method is an example of a flow diagram showing the basic concept of the mucus extraction method, while FIG. 4 shows cutting (or scratching) when the mucus is taken out.
Remove gagome from the aquarium, cut it about 1-10mm from the tip of the leaf, immerse the cut (or damaged) tip in a container containing clean or sterilized seawater to elute mucus. .
In order to extract mucus continuously and repeatedly from living gagome, it is performed in the order of “algae growth → cutting → mucus recovery → growth → cutting → mucus recovery →...
As the mucus extraction method, two methods, a shaking method and a stationary method, were also examined.
(1) Shaking method: Algae was put in a plastic bag containing seawater, sealed, and shaken overnight at a speed of 70 rpm.
(2) Standing method: Standing overnight in a bat.
When the growth of gagome was measured weekly, the growth was observed for both the shaked and the stationary ones.
The present invention is a mucus extraction method and a land cultivation method comprising the above methods.

Hereinafter, a specific implementation procedure of the present plan will be described with reference to FIG.
(1) Collect gagome seedlings, natural or cultured gagome juveniles.
(2) Seawater is put into an onshore water tank having a length and width of 1 to 5 m and a depth of about 50 to 200 cm, and is circulated through a purification device. Trunk ropes are stretched in water, and gagome seedlings are hung under the surface at intervals of 10 to 30 cm. Then, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are appropriately added while adjusting the light quantity, photoperiod and water temperature.
(3) When gagome seedlings reach a certain size, take them out of the temporary water tank, cut or scratch the tip, and prepare to elute mucus from the cut.
(4) Immerse in clean or sterilized seawater to elute mucus. Salt water may be used instead of sea water.
(5) The mucus is eluted by shaking.
Then, after extracting mucus, Gagome returns to the water tank shown in (2) and continues to grow. The above steps (2) to (5) are repeated at a fixed period of 5 to 15 days, and extraction of mucus is continued while keeping it alive.
(6) The collected mucus eluate is purified, and useful components such as laminaran, fucoidan, alginic acid and the like are concentrated or powdered, and used as a raw material for moisturizers, cosmetics, beverages and food additives. ((6) is outside the scope of the present invention)

  Next, Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention will be described. In addition, these Examples are for making an understanding of this invention easy, and are not restrict | limited to these Examples. That is, all other aspects or modifications or implementation conditions or examples based on the technical idea of the present invention are included in the present invention.

(Example 1)
We examined whether the type of nutrients affects the growth of gagome.
Any of sodium nitrate, squid breeding water, seaweed culture solution (PES) and the like was added to natural seawater, and the growth was compared.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, there was almost no difference with respect to the growth of gagome.

(Example 2)
The component analysis of the mucus eluted in the seawater from the cut end of raw gagome was conducted.
The raw gagome frond was cut at 19 cm from the stem, placed in 300 mL artificial seawater, and shaken for 16 hours. The resulting mucus eluate was analyzed.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, 50 to 80% of the powder was laminaran.

(Example 3)
We examined whether gagome can be cultivated on land.
Natural seedlings having a length of 10 cm and a width of 5 cm were cultivated in an onshore water tank at 10 ° C. under seaweed culture solution (PES) addition and artificial light.
As a result, it grew to 1 m in length and 30 cm in width in 3 months.

Example 4
We examined the effect of the cut and shaked gagome leaves on growth.
The cultivated gagome frond was cut at 25 cm from the stem, shaken for 24 hours, returned to the water tank, and this was repeated every week.
As a result, it was confirmed that it grew 1 cm to 4 cm every week and continued to grow even after cutting and shaking.

Usually it takes 2-3 years to harvest, but using seawater, high quality by onshore aquarium production, and growth of high productivity gagome and brown algae with a growth rate of 2 to 3 times by one-year forced cultivation Made possible.
In addition, mucus can be extracted efficiently and repeatedly while utilizing brown algae.
As a result, a highly functional substance can be purified.

    1 is an overall conceptual diagram of the present invention.     It is a conceptual diagram which shows a cultivation tank.     It is a figure which shows one method of fixing a gagome to a rope.     It is a figure which shows the cutting | disconnection or damage range of a leaf-shaped part front end for the mucus collection of this invention.     It is a flowchart which shows the procedure which extracts repeatedly mucus from the living gagome of this invention.     It is a graph which shows the test result of the influence on the gagome growth by the kind of nutrient.     It is an example which shows the analysis result of the mucus obtained by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Onshore water tank 2 Purification | purification and circulation apparatus 3 Cultivation trunk 4 Fixed frame 5 Weight 6 Fine string 7 Gagome leafy part 8 Gagome stem part 9 Gagome root part 10 Mucus eluate

Claims (4)

A method of collecting mucus repeatedly and periodically with brown algae alive. The brown algae is taken out from the cultivation tank, cut or scratched at about 1 to 10 mm from the tip of the leaf, and the cut portion is put in a container containing seawater or salt water to elute mucus. A method of collecting mucus of 1. The method for collecting mucus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mucus is extracted by immersing in a small amount of seawater or salt water and allowing to stand or shake. Circulating and purifying seawater in an onshore water tank, and appropriately adjusting the water temperature, nutrient salt, light intensity, and photoperiod so as to increase the proportion of the active ingredient in the mucus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 By cultivating brown algae.

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