JP5116874B2 - Hydraulic shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydraulic shock absorber such as a front fork.

  In a motorcycle front fork (hydraulic shock absorber), as described in Patent Document 1, a vehicle body side tube and an axle side tube are slidably fitted and sealed to an upper end opening of the vehicle body side tube. The cap is provided with a plurality of adjusting portions for adjusting the damping force.

JP2007-225066

  In the conventional front fork, the plurality of adjusting portions are arranged coaxially with each other in a plan view of the cap. Accordingly, each adjustment unit needs to be provided with its operation units shifted in the axial direction (height direction), and the height of the adjustment unit on the center side must be increased. There is an adverse effect on the interference. In addition, there is a tendency that the design on the upper surface of the cap becomes rutted.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a new appearance by suppressing the height in a hydraulic shock absorber provided with a plurality of adjusting portions on a cap of a vehicle body side tube.

The invention of claim 1 is constituted by fitting the vehicle body side tube and an axle side tube are slidably, a plurality of adjusting portions in a cap which is sealed to the upper end opening of the vehicle body side tube, each of the control sections In the hydraulic shock absorber that enables operation of each of the plurality of adjusted parts inside the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube by the plurality of adjustment parts at positions that are out of the center of the cap in plan view of the cap. It is arranged in parallel and at least one of the plurality of adjusted portions is arranged at the center of the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, all of the plurality of adjusted portions are arranged at the center of the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube.

According to the invention of claim 3 , the inner tube on the axle side is slidably inserted into the outer tube on the vehicle body side, a partition member is provided on the inner periphery of the inner tube, and a hydraulic oil chamber is provided below the partition member. An oil reservoir chamber is defined in the upper part, and a piston support member attached to the outer tube side is inserted into the hydraulic oil chamber through the partition wall member, and the hydraulic oil chamber is slid on the tip of the piston support member. A moving piston is provided, and a plurality of adjustment parts are provided on the cap sealed in the upper end opening of the outer tube, and each of the adjustment parts can operate each of a plurality of adjusted parts inside the outer tube and the inner tube. in a hydraulic shock absorber comprising Te, a plurality of the adjusting unit in a plan view of the cap, is juxtaposed at a position off-center of the cap, and at least one of the plurality of the adjustable portion and the Songs in which were arranged in the center of the tube and the inner tube.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, all of the plurality of adjusted portions are arranged at the center of the outer tube and the inner tube.

In the invention of claim 5 , the inner tube on the axle side is slidably inserted into the outer tube on the vehicle body side, a partition member is provided on the inner periphery of the inner tube, and a hydraulic oil chamber is provided below the partition member. An oil reservoir chamber is partitioned in the upper part, and a hollow piston rod attached to the outer tube side is inserted into the hydraulic oil chamber through the partition member, and the hydraulic oil chamber is slid on the tip of the piston rod. A piston that moves is provided, the hydraulic oil chamber of the inner tube is divided into a piston rod side oil chamber and a piston side oil chamber by the piston, and each of the two pressure chambers and the extension side flow channel provided in the piston is provided. The pressure side damping valve and the extension side damping valve are respectively provided at the outlets of the two flow paths, and the piston rod side oil chamber and the piston side oil chamber communicate with the hollow portion of the piston rod. A first adjustment that adjusts the damping force due to the passage resistance of the bypass passage by moving the needle valve to a cap that is sealed to the upper end opening of the outer tube. A hydraulic shock absorber comprising: a first adjusting portion that adjusts a set load of a spring that urges the compression side damping valve in a closing direction to adjust a damping force due to a deflection deformation of the compression side damping valve; The second adjusting portion is arranged in parallel with a position deviating from the center of the cap in a plan view of the cap, and the needle valve and the spring are arranged at the center of the outer tube and the inner tube. .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, each of the plurality of adjusting portions is pivotally supported by the cap so as not to rotate but move in the axial direction. It is a thing.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect of the present invention, each of the plurality of adjusting portions is composed of an adjusting bolt, and has a plurality of adjusting nuts corresponding to each adjusting bolt, and each adjusting nut is provided. Has a screw hole into which the corresponding adjustment bolt is screwed, and a guide hole into which the other adjustment bolt is inserted. It is configured so as to be prevented from rotating through the engagement between the guide hole and another adjusting bolt and guided to move in the axial direction and to move in the axial direction.

(Claims 1 to 5 )
(a) Since the plurality of adjusting portions are juxtaposed with each other in a plan view of the cap, the height can be suppressed and a new appearance can be provided.

(b) Since each of the plurality of adjusting portions is arranged at a position deviating from the center of the cap in a plan view of the cap, the plurality of adjusting portions can be arranged compactly within a limited diameter range of the cap. .

(Claim 6 )
(c) Since each of the plurality of adjustment units is pivotally supported by the cap so as not to rotate but move in the axial direction, each adjustment unit does not move upward due to the rotation operation, The height can be suppressed.

(Claim 7 )
(d) Each of the plurality of adjustment portions is composed of an adjustment bolt, and has a plurality of adjustment nuts corresponding to each of the adjustment bolts, each adjustment nut having a screw hole into which the corresponding adjustment bolt is screwed, A guide hole through which another adjustment bolt is inserted is provided. As a result, when the adjustment nut corresponding to each adjustment bolt moves, the other adjustment nut can be used to prevent the adjustment nut from rotating and guide the movement in the axial direction. No separate locking parts or guide parts are required for each adjustment nut.

FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view showing a hydraulic shock absorber. FIG. 2 is a lower cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the middle part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a top sectional view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the cap. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an adjusting portion provided on the cap. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a damping force adjusting structure. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a built-in component of the cap. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing the just bolt and the adjusting nut.

  The front fork (hydraulic shock absorber) 10 is an inverted front fork in which the outer tube 11 is disposed on the vehicle body side and the inner tube 12 is disposed on the wheel side. As shown in FIGS. The inner tube 12 is slidably inserted into the outer tube 11 through a guide bush 11A fixed to the inner periphery of the inner tube 12 and a guide bush 12A fixed to the outer periphery of the upper end opening of the inner tube 12. 11B is an oil seal, and 11C is a dust seal. A cap 13 is screwed and sealed to the upper end opening of the outer tube 11 in a liquid-tight manner, and a vehicle body side mounting member is provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube 11. An axle bracket 15 is liquid-tightly inserted and screwed into the lower end opening of the inner tube 12 to form a bottom portion of the inner tube 12, and an axle mounting hole 16 is provided in the axle bracket 15.

  The front fork 10 defines an annular oil chamber 17 defined by the inner periphery of the outer tube 11, the outer periphery of the inner tube 12, and the two guide bushes 11A and 12A.

  The front fork 10 is provided with a bottomed cup-shaped partition wall member 19 on the inner periphery of the upper end side of the inner tube 12 through an O-ring, etc., and hydraulic oil is provided below the rod guide portion 19A at the bottom of the partition wall member 19. The chamber 21 is partitioned and the oil reservoir chamber 22 is partitioned at the top. In the oil reservoir chamber 22, the lower region is an oil chamber 22A, and the upper region is an air chamber 22B. A guide bush 12 </ b> A provided on the outer periphery of the upper end portion protruding from the inner tube 12 of the partition wall member 19 is in sliding contact with the inner periphery of the outer tube 11.

  The front fork 10 slidably inserts the piston rod 23 attached to the outer tube 11 into the rod guide portion 19 </ b> A of the partition wall member 19. Specifically, the hollow piston rod 23 is screwed to the mounting collar 24 screwed to the lower end portion of the center portion of the cap 13, and this is fixed by the lock nut 24A.

  The front fork 10 fixes a piston 26 slidably in contact with the inner periphery of the inner tube 12 to a piston bolt 25 screwed to the tip of a piston rod 23 inserted into the inner tube 12 from the rod guide portion 19A of the partition wall member 19. The oil chamber 21 is divided into a piston rod side oil chamber 21A in which the piston rod 23 is accommodated and a piston side oil chamber 21B in which the piston rod 23 is not accommodated. The piston 26 is fixed by a piston nut 27.

  The front fork 10 always communicates the annular oil chamber 17 with the piston rod side oil chamber 21 </ b> A through an oil hole 28 provided in the inner tube 12.

  The front fork 10 has an upper spring receiver 31 attached to the lower end surface of the piston 26 facing the piston-side oil chamber 21B, and a lower spring receiver 32 disposed at the bottom of the inner tube 12 formed by the axle bracket 15. A main suspension spring 33 is interposed between the spring receiver 31 and the lower spring receiver 32. The entire main suspension spring 33 is immersed in the piston-side oil chamber 21B. The front fork 10 absorbs the impact force received from the road surface when the vehicle travels by the expansion and contraction vibration of the main suspension spring 33. At this time, the spring load adjusting device 35 raises and lowers the lower spring receiver 32 so that the spring load of the main suspension spring 33 can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the spring load adjusting device 35 has an adjustment bolt 36 that faces the outside at a position where the axle mounting hole 16 of the axle bracket 15 constituting the bottom portion of the inner tube 12 is removed (by the side of the axle mounting hole 16). Provide at the bottom. A direction in which the slider 37 provided on the inner bottom portion of the axle bracket 15 (the surface that faces the lower end portion of the lower spring support 32) intersects the central axis of the inner tube 12 by the rotational force of the adjustment bolt 36 (the axis of the adjustment bolt 36). Direction). The lower slope A1 of the lower spring receiver 32 is placed on the upper slope A2 of the slider 37, and the lower spring receiver 32 is moved up and down by the adjustment bolt 36 to adjust the spring load of the suspension spring 33.

The front fork 10 includes a damping force generator 40 on the piston 26 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
The damping force generator 40 includes a compression side channel 41 and an extension side channel 42 (not shown). The pressure side channel 41 is opened and closed by a pressure side disk valve 41A (pressure side damping valve) backed up by a valve stopper 41B. The extension side flow path 42 is opened and closed by an extension side disk valve 42A (extension side damping valve) backed up by a valve stopper 42B. The valve stopper 41B, the valve 41A, the piston 26, the valve 42A, and the valve stopper 42B constitute a valve assembly that is inserted into the piston bolt 25, and are sandwiched between piston nuts 27 that are screwed into the piston bolt 25. Fixed.

  The damping force generator 40 is provided with a damping force adjusting device 40A, which will be described in detail later, at the center of the cap 13, and the needle valve 85 of the damping force adjusting device 40A is inserted into the hollow portion of the piston rod 23 and provided on the piston rod 23. The opening degree of the bypass passage 45 is adjusted by the vertical movement of the needle valve 85. The bypass passage 45 bypasses the piston 26 and connects the piston rod side oil chamber 21A and the piston side oil chamber 21B.

  In the compression side stroke, the damping force generator 40 generates a compression side damping force by the passage resistance of the bypass passage 45 whose opening degree is adjusted by the needle valve 85 in the low speed region, and the deformation of the compression side disk valve 41A in the middle and high speed region. Generates a compression damping force. Further, in the extension side stroke, an extension side damping force is generated by the passage resistance of the bypass passage 45 whose opening degree is adjusted by the needle valve 85 in the low speed region, and in the middle and high speed range, the extension side disc valve 42A is extended by the bending deformation. Generates side damping force. This compression side damping force and extension side damping force control the expansion and contraction vibration of the main suspension spring 33 described above.

  The front fork 10 is provided with a stopper rubber 13A and a stopper plate 13B in which the upper end portion of the partition wall member 19 provided on the inner tube 12 abuts with the most compression stroke on the lower end surface of the cap 13, and the stopper rubber 13A Regulate the compression stroke.

  The front fork 10 includes a spring seat 51 fixed to a lower end surface of the partition wall member 19 on the upper end side of the inner tube 12 facing the piston rod side oil chamber 21A using a stopper ring 51A, and a stopper ring 52A provided on the piston rod 23. A rebound spring 53 is interposed between the spring seat 52 and the latched spring seat 52. When the front fork 10 is fully extended, the partition wall member 19 presses the rebound spring 53 between the spring seat 52 and regulates the maximum extension stroke.

  However, in the front fork 10, the sectional area S1 of the annular oil chamber 17 formed by the annular gap between the outer tube 11 and the inner tube 12 is larger than the sectional area (area surrounded by the outer diameter) S2 of the piston rod 23. (S1> S2).

  Further, the rod guide portion 19A and the spring seat 51 of the partition wall member 19 allow oil to flow from the oil reservoir chamber 22 to the piston rod side oil chamber 21A in the pressure side stroke, and from the piston rod side oil chamber 21A in the extension side stroke. A check valve 60 for preventing the oil flow to the oil reservoir 22 is provided.

  Further, since the rod guide portion 19 </ b> A of the partition wall member 19 does not seal an oil seal around the piston rod 23, a minute gap formed around the piston rod 23 by a bush press-fitted into the inner periphery of the check valve 60. Thus, a minute flow path (orifice) 61 (not shown) that communicates the piston rod side oil chamber 21A and the oil reservoir chamber 22 is configured. The minute channel 61 may be formed by an orifice means that is formed in the rod guide portion 19 </ b> A of the partition wall member 19 and communicates the piston rod side oil chamber 21 </ b> A and the oil reservoir chamber 22.

The operation of the front fork 10 is as follows.
(Pressure side stroke)
The hydraulic oil corresponding to the volume of the piston rod 23 entering the inner tube 12 in the compression side stroke is transferred from the inner oil chamber 21 </ b> A of the inner tube 12 to the annular oil chamber 17 through the oil hole 28 of the inner tube 12. At this time, since the volume increase ΔS1 (replenishment amount) of the annular oil chamber 17 is larger than the volume increase ΔS2 of the piston rod 23, the required amount of oil supplied to the annular oil chamber 17 is insufficient (ΔS1−ΔS2). Minutes are replenished from the oil reservoir 22 through the check valve 60.

  In the compression side stroke, as described above, a compression side damping force is generated by the passage resistance of the bypass passage 45 whose opening degree is adjusted by the needle valve 85 in the low speed region, and in the middle and high speed region, the compression side of the compression side disk valve 41A is deformed. Generates a damping force.

(Extension process)
The hydraulic oil corresponding to the retraction volume of the piston rod 23 that retreats from the inner tube 12 in the extension stroke is transferred from the annular oil chamber 17 to the oil chamber 21 </ b> A on the inner periphery of the inner tube 12 through the oil hole 28 of the inner tube 12. . At this time, since the volume decrease ΔS1 (discharge amount) of the annular oil chamber 17 is larger than the volume decrease ΔS2 of the piston rod 23, the excess of (ΔS1−ΔS2) of the oil discharge amount from the annular oil chamber 17 Is discharged to the oil reservoir 22 through the micro flow path 61.

  In the extension side stroke, as described above, the extension side damping force is generated by the passage resistance of the bypass passage 45 whose opening degree is adjusted by the needle valve 85 in the low speed region, and the extension side disk valve 42A is bent in the middle and high speed region. The expansion side damping force is generated by the deformation. Further, the extension side damping force due to the passage resistance of the micro flow path 61 is also generated.

Hereinafter, the damping force adjusting device 40A will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the damping force adjusting device 40A inserts two push rods 71 and 72 concentrically inserted into the hollow portion of the piston rod 23 (the push rod 72 is inserted into the hollow portion of the piston rod 23). The push rod 71 is inserted into the hollow portion of the push rod 72), the first adjustment portion 80 for moving the push rod 71 in the axial direction, and the second adjustment portion 90 for moving the push rod 72 in the axial direction. It is provided on the cap 13 which is the upper part of the fork 10.

  The first adjustment unit 80 adjusts the damping force due to the passage resistance of the bypass passage 45 by moving the needle valve 85. The second adjustment unit 90 adjusts the set force of the spring 97 that urges the compression-side disc valve 41A in the closing direction to adjust the damping force due to the deflection deformation of the compression-side disc valve 41A. Hereinafter, the structure of the first adjusting unit 80 and the second adjusting unit 90, the damping force adjusting structure using the needle valve 85, and the damping force adjusting structure using the spring 97 will be described.

(Structure of the 1st adjustment part 80 and the 2nd adjustment part 90) (FIG.5, FIG.6, FIG.8, FIG. 9)
An attachment collar 24 is screwed to the lower end opening side of the cap 13 to constitute the cap assembly 100. The cap 13 of the cap assembly 100 is thread-tightly screwed to the upper end opening of the outer tube 11 via the O-ring 101, and the upper end of the piston rod 23 is screwed to the lower end of the mounting collar 24 to lock nut 24A. It is fixed with. A stopper rubber 13A is loaded in an annular recess formed by the cap 13 and the mounting collar 24 of the cap assembly 100, and a stopper plate 13B is inserted into the outer periphery of the mounting collar 24, and the stopper plate 13B is locked. The stopper ring 13C is engaged (FIGS. 6 and 8).

  The adjustment assembly 110 is loaded on the cap 13 and the mounting collar 24 of the cap assembly 100. As shown in FIG. 9, the adjustment assembly 110 includes a first adjustment portion 80 constituted by a first adjustment bolt 81, a second adjustment portion 90 constituted by a second adjustment bolt 91, and each adjustment bolt 81, 91. Corresponding first and second adjustment nuts 82 and 92 are provided. The first adjustment nut 82 includes a screw hole 82A into which the screw portion 81A of the corresponding first adjustment bolt 81 is screwed, and a guide hole 82B into which the guide portion 91B of the other adjustment bolt 91 is inserted. The second adjustment nut 92 includes a screw hole 92A into which the screw portion 91A of the corresponding second adjustment bolt 91 is screwed, and a guide hole 92B into which a guide collar 81B fitted to another adjustment bolt 81 is inserted. Accordingly, the first adjusting nut 82 into which the adjusting bolt 81 is screwed by the rotation operation of the first adjusting bolt 81 is related to the guide hole 82B of the adjusting nut 82 and the guide portion 91B of the other adjusting bolt 91. Through rotation, it is prevented from rotating and guided in movement in the axial direction, and moves up and down in the axial direction. On the other hand, when the second adjusting bolt 91 is rotated, the second adjusting nut 92 into which the adjusting bolt 91 is screwed is engaged with the guide hole 92B of the adjusting nut 92 and the guide collar 81B of the other adjusting bolt 81. Through rotation, it is prevented from rotating and guided in movement in the axial direction, and moves up and down in the axial direction.

  The first adjustment bolt 81 of the first adjustment portion 80 constituting the adjustment assembly 110 and the second adjustment bolt 91 of the second adjustment portion 90 are the center of the cap 13 in a plan view of the cap 13 constituting the cap assembly 100. From the back side of the cap 13, the two loading holes juxtaposed at positions away from each other are inserted in a liquid-tight manner via O-rings 83 and 93. The first adjustment bolt 81 and the second adjustment bolt 91 are accommodated in the central recess 102 of the cap assembly 100 formed by screwing the mounting collar 24 onto the cap 13 together with the adjustment nuts 82 and 92, and the adjustment bolt 81, The flange portions 81 </ b> C and 91 </ b> C of 91 are brought into contact with the lower surface of the cap 13, and the lower end surfaces of the adjusting bolts 81 and 91 are brought close to the bottom surface of the central recess 102 formed by the mounting collar 24. The adjusting nuts 82 and 92 are accommodated in the inner periphery of the central recess 102 formed by the mounting collar 24 so as to be slidable. The push rod 71 protruding from the hollow portion of the piston rod 23 and the push rod 72 passes through the center hole 92C of the second adjustment nut 92 and is abutted against the lower end surface of the first adjustment nut 82, and the hollow portion of the piston rod 23 The push rod 72 protruding from the center of the second adjustment nut 92 is abutted against the lower end surface of the second adjustment nut 92 around the center hole 92C.

  As a result, the upper end operation portion 80A of the first adjustment bolt 81 of the first adjustment portion 80 and the upper end operation portion 90A of the second adjustment bolt 91 of the second adjustment portion 90 are the planes of the cap 13 constituting the cap assembly 100. They are juxtaposed with each other at a level that is flush with the upper surface of the cap 13 at a position deviating from the center of the cap 13. The first adjustment bolt 81 of the first adjustment unit 80 is pivotally supported by the cap 13 so as not to rotate but move in the axial direction, and the second adjustment bolt 91 of the second adjustment unit 90 is also only rotated by the cap 13. Thus, it is pivotally supported so as not to move in the axial direction. Accordingly, when the first adjustment bolt 81 of the first adjustment unit 80 is rotated, the first adjustment nut 82 into which the first adjustment bolt 81 is screwed moves up and down in the axial direction, and the first adjustment nut 82 is moved. It is possible to move the push rod 71 abutted on the shaft in the axial direction. On the other hand, when the second adjustment bolt 91 of the second adjustment portion 90 is rotated, the second adjustment nut 92 with which the second adjustment bolt 91 is screwed moves up and down in the axial direction, and the second adjustment nut 92 is moved. It is possible to move the push rod 72 abutted against the shaft in the axial direction.

(Damping force adjustment structure using needle valve 85) (FIG. 3)
An inner base 84 is inserted into the lower end portion of the hollow portion of the piston rod 23, and the lower end surface of the piston rod 23 and the inner diameter step portion of the piston bolt 25 clamp and fix the lower end flange of the inner base 84. The inner base 84 may be press-fitted into the hollow portion of the piston rod 23. In this manner, the needle valve 85 is liquid-tightly inserted into the inner periphery of the inner base 84 fixed to the piston rod 23, and is interposed between the intermediate flange portion 85A of the needle valve 85 and the upper end surface of the inner base 84. The spring 86 biases the needle valve 85 upward (in the valve opening direction) in the axial direction, and the upper end surface of the needle valve 85 abuts against the lower end surface of the push rod 71.

  As described above, when the first adjusting bolt 81 of the first adjusting unit 80 moves the push rod 71 up and down in the axial direction, the needle valve 85 that abuts the push rod 71 in the axial direction is moved against the piston bolt 25. The valve moves up and down with respect to the valve seat at the upper end of the vertical hole of the bypass passage 45 provided in the piston bolt 25, adjusts the opening degree of the bypass passage 45, and as a result, expands and contracts due to the passage resistance of the bypass passage 45 The damping force on the side can be adjusted.

(Damping force adjustment structure using spring 97) (FIGS. 3 and 7)
On both sides in the diametrical direction of the lower end side of the piston rod 23, long hole-shaped guide holes 23A extending in the axial direction are provided, and both side protrusions of the pushing piece 94 slide in the axial direction with almost no play in the guide holes 23A. It is possible to be engaged. The lower end surface of the push rod 72 inserted into the hollow portion of the piston rod 23 directly contacts the upper surface of the push piece 94, and the cross section of the needle valve 85 that is loosely inserted into the lower end portion of the push rod 72 is pressed. It is loosely inserted in a circular hole provided in the center of the moving piece 94 so as to be axially movable.

  Around the lower end portion (piston bolt 25) of the piston rod 23, there are a spring receiver 95 that abuts against the protrusions on both ends of the pushing piece 94 from below, and a valve retainer 96 that abuts against the upper surface (rear surface) of the pressure side disk valve 41A. The valve retainer spring 97 is interposed between the spring receiver 95 and the valve retainer 96. The spring receiver 95 has a cup shape and abuts with both side protrusions of the pushing piece 94 at the lower end of the inner periphery of the cup, and the spring 97 is seated on the upper peripheral flange of the cup. The valve presser 96 is a slide that is slidably guided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the piston bolt 25, and an annular presser part 96A that continuously contacts the entire circumference (or intermittently) at an appropriate outer diameter position on the upper surface of the compression side disk valve 41A. An oil passage 96C that communicates the portion 96B and the piston rod side oil chamber 21A to the pressure side passage 41, the extension side passage 42, and the bypass passage 45 is provided, and a spring 97 is seated on the outer circumferential step portion.

  As described above, when the adjusting bolt 91 of the second adjusting unit 90 moves the push rod 72 in the axial direction, the pushing piece 94 with which the lower end surface of the push rod 72 abuts moves the spring receiver 95 up and down. The valve presser spring 97 is expanded and contracted, and the set load of the spring 97 is adjusted. As a result, the set load of the spring 97 biases the pressure side disk valve 41A in the closing direction via the valve presser 96, and the pressure side damping force due to the bending deformation of the pressure side disk valve 41A can be adjusted. The valve presser 96 can be replaced with one having a different diameter of the presser part 96A. The valve presser 96 provided with the large-diameter presser part 96A presses the outer peripheral side of the pressure side disk valve 41A, and from the low speed range of the piston speed. Increase the damping force. A valve presser 96 provided with a small-diameter presser part 96A presses the inner peripheral side of the pressure side disc valve 41A, and increases the damping force in the middle to high speed range of the piston speed.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained.
(a) Since the plurality of adjusting portions 80 and 90 are juxtaposed with each other in a plan view of the cap 13, the height can be suppressed and a new appearance can be provided.

  (b) Since each of the plurality of adjusting portions 80 and 90 is arranged at a position deviating from the center of the cap 13 in a plan view of the cap 13, a plurality of adjustments are made within a limited diameter range of the cap 13. The parts 80 and 90 can be arranged in a compact manner.

  (c) Since each of the plurality of adjusting portions 80 and 90 is pivotally supported by the cap 13 so as to rotate and not move in the axial direction, each adjusting portion 80 and 90 is moved upward by rotating operation. The height can be suppressed without moving.

  (d) Each of the plurality of adjusting portions 80, 90 includes adjustment bolts 81, 91, and has a plurality of adjustment nuts 82, 92 corresponding to each of the adjustment bolts 81, 91. , 92 are provided with screw holes 82A, 92A into which the corresponding adjusting bolts 81, 91 are screwed, and guide holes 82B, 92B through which the other adjusting bolts 81, 91 are inserted. As a result, when the adjustment nuts 82 and 92 are moved by the respective adjustment bolts 81 and 91, the other adjustment nuts 82 and 92 can be used to prevent the adjustment nuts 82 and 92 from rotating and guide the movement in the axial direction. . No separate detent parts or guide parts for the adjusting nuts 82 and 92 are required.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the present invention. The present invention is widely applicable to general hydraulic shock absorbers.

  Further, the present invention provides a cap set load adjusting unit for three or more adjusting units, for example, a spring for biasing a damping valve, a low piston speed needle valve opening adjusting unit, and a high piston speed needle valve opening. When three adjustment units such as the adjustment unit are provided, these adjustment units can be juxtaposed with each other.

  In the present invention, a vehicle body side tube and an axle side tube are slidably fitted, and a plurality of adjustment portions are provided on a cap sealed in an upper end opening of the vehicle body side tube. In the hydraulic shock absorber capable of operating each of the plurality of adjusted parts inside the tube and the axle side tube, the plurality of adjusting parts are juxtaposed at positions deviating from the center of the cap in plan view of the cap, At least one of the plurality of adjusted portions is disposed at the center of the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube. Thereby, in the hydraulic shock absorber provided with a plurality of adjusting portions on the cap of the vehicle body side tube, the height can be suppressed and a new appearance can be provided.

10 Front fork (hydraulic shock absorber)
11 Outer tube (vehicle body side tube)
12 Inner tube (Axle tube)
13 Cap 19 Partition member 21 Hydraulic oil chamber 21A Piston rod side oil chamber 21B Piston side oil chamber 22 Oil reservoir chamber 23 Piston rod (piston support member)
26 Piston 41 Pressure side channel 41A Pressure side disk valve (pressure side damping valve)
42 Stretching side flow path 42A Stretching side disk valve (stretching side damping valve)
45 Bypass path 80 First adjustment portion 81 First adjustment bolt 82 First adjustment nut 82A Screw hole 82B Guide hole 85 Needle valve (adjusted portion)
90 Second adjusting portion 91 Second adjusting bolt 92 Second adjusting nut 92A Screw hole 92B Guide hole 97 Spring (adjusted portion)

Claims (7)

The body side tube and axle side tube are slidably fitted,
A hydraulic pressure which is provided with a plurality of adjustment portions on a cap sealed at the upper end opening of the vehicle body side tube, and allows each of the adjustment portions inside the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube to be operated by each adjustment portion. In the shock absorber,
The plurality of adjusting portions are juxtaposed at positions deviating from the center of the cap in a plan view of the cap, and at least one of the plurality of adjusted portions is disposed at the center of the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube. hydraulic shock absorber, characterized in that that. 2. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein all of the plurality of adjusted portions are arranged at the center of the vehicle body side tube and the axle side tube. Insert the inner tube on the axle side slidably into the outer tube on the vehicle body side,
A partition member is provided on the inner periphery of the inner tube, a hydraulic oil chamber is defined in the lower portion of the partition member, and an oil reservoir chamber is defined in the upper portion.
A piston support member attached to the outer tube side is inserted into the hydraulic oil chamber through the partition member, and a piston that slides in the hydraulic oil chamber is provided at a tip portion of the piston support member;
In the hydraulic shock absorber provided with a plurality of adjusting portions on the cap sealed to the upper end opening of the outer tube, and each adjusting portion being capable of operating each of the plurality of adjusted portions inside the outer tube and the inner tube . ,
The plurality of adjusting portions are juxtaposed at positions away from the center of the cap in a plan view of the cap, and at least one of the plurality of adjusted portions is disposed at the center of the outer tube and the inner tube. Hydraulic shock absorber characterized by. 4. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 3, wherein all of the plurality of adjusted portions are arranged at the center of the outer tube and the inner tube. Insert the inner tube on the axle side slidably into the outer tube on the vehicle body side,
A partition member is provided on the inner periphery of the inner tube, a hydraulic oil chamber is defined in the lower portion of the partition member, and an oil reservoir chamber is defined in the upper portion.
A hollow piston rod attached to the outer tube side is inserted into the hydraulic oil chamber through the partition member, and a piston that slides in the hydraulic oil chamber is provided at the tip of the piston rod,
The hydraulic oil chamber of the inner tube is divided into a piston rod side oil chamber and a piston side oil chamber by a piston, and these two oil chambers can be communicated with each other by a pressure side channel and an extension side channel provided in the piston. Each of the outlets of the two channels is provided with a compression side damping valve and an extension side damping valve,
In the hollow portion of the piston rod, a bypass path that communicates the piston rod side oil chamber and the piston side oil chamber is provided, and a needle valve is provided in the bypass path,
A first sealing portion for adjusting the damping force due to the passage resistance of the bypass passage by moving the needle valve to the cap sealed to the upper end opening of the outer tube, and a spring for biasing the compression side damping valve in the closing direction In the hydraulic shock absorber provided with a second adjusting portion for adjusting the set load and adjusting the damping force due to the deflection deformation of the compression side damping valve,
In the plan view of the first and second adjusting portion is the cap, is juxtaposed at a position off-center of the cap, and in that the said needle valve spring is disposed in the center of the outer tube and the inner tube Features a hydraulic shock absorber. The hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein each of the plurality of adjusting portions is pivotally supported by the cap so as not to rotate but move in the axial direction. Each of the plurality of adjusting portions is composed of an adjusting bolt, and additionally has a plurality of adjusting nuts corresponding to each adjusting bolt,
Each adjustment nut has a screw hole into which the corresponding adjustment bolt is screwed and a guide hole into which the other adjustment bolt is inserted.
By adjusting the rotation of each adjustment bolt, the adjustment nut to which this adjustment bolt is screwed is non-rotated and axially moved and guided through the engagement between the guide hole of the adjustment nut and the other adjustment bolt. The hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 6 , configured to move in a direction.

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