JP5115119B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dryer for drying grain.

There is known a technique (for example, see Patent Document 1) in which a moisture meter is provided in an elevator to detect a grain conveyance state while detecting grain moisture.
JP2003-172581A.

  In the form of detecting the circulation conveyance state of the kernel, the discharge conveyance state of the dried kernel, etc., by the moisture meter that detects the moisture of the kernel during drying, even if the conveyance state of the kernel changes greatly or slightly Often, the results with and without detection will not change. That is, when it is near the end of conveyance, it may flow intermittently for each grain, and the minute amount conveyance state may continue for a long time. If the discharge conveyance state at the time of discharging and conveying the grain dried by such a moisture meter is detected, this detection time becomes abnormally long, it is difficult to perform the automatic discharge stop control process, and the control processing efficiency decreases.

  The invention described in claim 1 is provided with a moisture meter (1) that takes in the grain and measures the grain moisture, circulates the grain in the body to dry the grain, and the body after the drying is finished. In the grain dryer that performs the discharging process of discharging the kernel to the outside, when the grain is taken into the moisture meter (1) during the circulating drying process and the discharging process, it is determined that the circulating drying process or the discharging process is performed, When it is not detected that grains have been taken in for a set time or longer, control is performed to stop circulating drying during the circulating drying process and stop the discharging operation during the discharging process. It is characterized by shortening the time of the discharge process.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the moisture meter (1) starts to take in the grain when the load current value of the drive motor (23) of the device that performs the discharging step becomes equal to or less than a set value during the discharging step. And

  In other words, conventionally, even when a small amount of grain has been discharged sparsely after many grains in the aircraft have been discharged, it is determined that the moisture meter (1) has taken out the grains and is being discharged. Although there was a drawback of continuing the discharge operation, the invention according to claim 1 can quickly detect the absence of a grain by shortening the time for detecting taking in the grain. Automatic discharge can be stopped.

  The invention according to claim 2 until many grains are discharged and it is determined that there is no grain by starting taking in the grain after the load current value of the drive motor (23) becomes equal to or lower than the set value. The number of grains measured can be reduced.

  Based on the illustrated example, the grain dryer has a circulation configuration in which the grain accommodated in the tank unit 3 is dried while flowing down to the air drying chamber 4 and the grain is circulated and conveyed to the tank unit 3 by the elevator 2. A dryer is configured, and drying control is performed while detecting the grain moisture while collecting a part of the grain conveyed by the elevator 2 with the moisture meter 1.

  A hot air blowing chamber 5 is formed in the center of the drying chamber 4, and the hot air blown from the blowing chamber 5 is passed through the drying chamber 4 and guided to the right and left outside exhaust chambers 6. Configure. A burner 7 is provided on the front surface of the drying case frame to send hot combustion air to the blower chamber 5, and an exhaust fan 8 for sucking and exhausting air from the exhaust chamber 6 is provided on the back surface of the case frame.

  The elevator 2 is provided on the front side of the case frame, and is a lower part that collects and conveys the grains that are fed by the rotation of the feeding valve 15 at the lower end of the drying chamber 4 and flowed down by the grain collecting plate 9 of the exhaust chamber 6. The end of the spiral 10 is looked over, this dry cereal is received and conveyed up and down, and it is carried into the upper spiral 11 provided in the upper part. An opening 12 that can be opened and closed and a shutter 14 are provided at the starting end of the upper spiral 11, and by opening the outlet 12, dried grains conveyed from the elevator 2 can be carried out of the machine. it can.

  Further, the diffusion plate 13 is provided by placing the terminal end of the upper spiral 11 over the upper central portion of the tank unit 3, and the grains that are circulated and conveyed through the elevator 2, the upper spiral 11, and the like by the rotation of the diffusion plate 13. The particles are supplied to the tank unit 3 while being diffused.

  The moisture meter 1 receives a part of the grain conveyed through the elevator 2 and takes it between the electrode rolls to detect the electrical resistance value while crushing each grain to obtain a grain moisture value. is there. It is determined whether the moisture content is measured and whether or not the grain is conveyed by the elevator 2. An operation panel 16 for controlling the operation of the dryer and a controller 17 are provided on the upper side of the burner 7.

  The operation panel 16 includes a touch switch 18 for setting the amount of the grain into the tank unit 3, setting of the grain moisture, and setting of the dried moisture, hot air temperature during drying, detected moisture value, remaining time, etc. Display 19, elevator 2, upper spiral 11, diffuser 13, and the like, and a tension switch that stretches the grains for drying into the tank, and exhaust fan 8. A ventilation switch for ventilating the drying chamber 4, a feed valve 15, an elevator 2, and upper and lower spirals 10, 11, etc., driving the grain down and drying while burning the burner 7; Each operation switch 20 such as a discharge switch for discharging the grain after completion of drying to the outside of the machine and a stop switch for stopping the drying operation upon completion of the drying is arranged. In addition, an emergency stop switch 21 for urgently stopping the operation of each part during each operation is provided. These parts are driven by outputs from the blower motor 22, the lift motor 23, the feeding valve motor 24, and the like.

  Here, the dryer according to the present invention discharges the grain with respect to the conveyance detection time of the grain circulation process by the moisture meter 1 that detects the grain circulation state or the grain discharge state while detecting the moisture of the grain. The conveyance detection time of the process is set short. The grain accommodated in the grain drying chamber 4 is dried by blowing hot air while flowing down the grain collecting board 9. The grain moisture is measured while collecting a predetermined number of grains by the moisture meter 1 while the grain flowing down the grain collecting plate 9 is lifted by the elevator 2 and circulated and conveyed to the drying chamber. Control is performed for circulation conveyance and discharge conveyance based on the moisture value measured by the moisture meter 1, and the discharge conveyance time in the discharge conveyance control is set shorter than the circulation conveyance time in the circulation conveyance control. Therefore, even if the number of dry grains is small and the discharge is continued for a long time, the time for this discharge conveyance control is finished short, and the grain discharge processing is completed.

  The grain circulation monitoring process by such a dryer is performed by the flow of FIG. The hot air temperature by the temperature sensor, the tension amount by the tension amount setting, the setting value by the moisture setting, the moisture electrode temperature by the moisture meter 1, the moisture voltage, etc. are read. Here, when the exhaust fan 8, the burner 7, the feeding valve 15, the upper and lower spirals 11, 10, the elevator and the like are driven and are in the process of drying and drying the grains (drying, ventilation), constant measurement When the moisture meter 1 cannot detect even one grain every certain period (for example, 3 minutes) for a certain time (for example, 50 seconds), if it continues several times (for example, twice), it is regarded as abnormal grain circulation. It is configured to notify the treatment and abnormality.

  Further, during the discharge process, every time a constant measurement cycle (for example, 1 minute) shorter than the circulation drying process, the moisture meter 1 cannot detect even one tablet for a certain time (for example, 20 seconds) shorter than the circulation drying process. When there is (for example, 3 times), it is assumed that the grain has run out, and the automatic discharge stop treatment and notification are made.

With such a configuration, it is possible to quickly stop the discharge of dried grains while maintaining the circulation monitoring performance of the circulating grains.
Moreover, the dryer which concerns on this invention measures the load electric current value of the raising / lowering motor 23 of the elevator 2 with the load current sensor 30 at the time of the start of grain intake of the moisture meter 1 in the said grain discharge | emission process, and is below setting value. After detecting that it became. The automatic stop control at the time of the discharging process as described above is performed in a state in which the amount of grain lifted by the elevator 2 is reduced and the load current value of the lifting motor 23 is equal to or lower than a preset value.

Note that the load current value of the feeding valve motor 24 may be detected instead of the lifting motor 23.
Measured at regular intervals from the start of the operation during the discharge process, and if the number of particles measured is 0, it takes a long time to detect this, and the number of damaged particles increases until it stops. It will take too long. Therefore, when the load of the elevator 2 becomes equal to or less than a preset value, moisture detection for stop detection is started, and the number of grains detected by the moisture meter 1 within a predetermined time is equal to or less than a preset value. At that time, it is determined that the circulation of the grain has stopped, and the predetermined stop process is entered. As a result, the stop time can be shortened and damaged grains can be reduced.

  Some dryers require a long (for example, 30 minutes) grain discharge time after drying. In this case, if the moisture meter 1 is frequently used to detect the grain, the grain is wasted. By monitoring the carrier current value at the time of grain discharge as described above, the moisture meter 1 determines the presence or absence of the grain after the carrier current value starts to converge to the no-load current value, and the grain is wasted. Can be prevented from crushing. As described above, not only the data of the moisture meter 1 but also the fluctuation value of the drive current of the elevator 2 is taken into account for automatic stop. The load of the elevating motor 23 greatly fluctuates due to the flow of the grain by driving the feeding valve 15, but when this fluctuation disappears, if the discharge is automatically stopped, it can be automatically stopped quickly without a sense of incongruity.

  As described above, it is possible to detect a defect in the circulation of the grain using the transport system motor current values of the lifting motor 23 of the elevator 2 and the feeding valve motor 24 of the feeding valve 16 measured by the controller 17. Grain circulation failure is monitored by the moisture meter 1 every 3 minutes, but if circulation failure occurs during operation of the dryer, this 3 minute interval is too long. It is necessary to detect poor circulation because it is early. Here, the grain circulation failure is detected using the conveyance system motor current value measured by the controller 17. During ventilation and drying operations, it is determined that the grain circulation is poor when the conveyance system motor current value is substantially constant for 15 cycles of the feeding valve. Also, the current value is clearly different between the no-load state (the state where there is no grain circulation) and the load state (the state where there is a grain circulation). By comprising, it can detect a grain circulation defect at an early stage.

  The feeding valve 15 is not always driven during the drying operation. For example, if the cycle is 12 seconds, the feeding valve 15 is driven for 10 seconds and stopped for 2 seconds. Accordingly, the current value of the feeding valve motor 24 inevitably repeats increasing and decreasing. For example, when there is no circulation of the grain, the current value was 3 (ampere), but becomes 4 (ampere) when the grain starts to circulate.

  In the above-described embodiment, if the transport system motor current value does not increase even after several seconds from the drive command for driving the feed valve 15, it is determined that the feed valve 15 is abnormal, thereby replacing the feed valve sensor. Since the cause of the grain circulation failure can be specified as an abnormality in the feeding valve 15 by linking with the feeding valve 15 drive command in this way, it becomes a simple and low-cost configuration because it becomes a valve sensor substitute. be able to.

  In the dry grain discharge control, moisture is measured at the time of filling, and even if the discharge operation is mistakenly performed thereafter, the transition to the immediate discharge mode is prevented. For this reason, moisture measurement is performed by the moisture meter 1 at the time of tensioning, and this detected moisture value is stored. Then, if the discharging operation is mistakenly performed without completing the drying process, an alarm is issued without shifting to the discharging process immediately. When the discharge switch is pressed without going through a series of drying steps, the discharge LED blinks and an alarm is given with a buzzer sound or the like. In this case, it is also possible to make it possible to discharge by pressing the discharge switch again, and to stop the buzzer sound by pressing the stop switch.

  When discharging the dried grain, the discharge shutter 14 is manually operated. However, a malfunction may be eliminated by providing a shutter sensor for detecting whether the discharge shutter 14 is open or closed. If the discharge switch is pressed when the shutter 14 is closed and the tension switch is pressed when the shutter 14 is open, an error occurs and the operation is not performed. An error is also displayed if the shutter 14 is opened before ventilation or drying for some reason. If the shutter 14 is open at the time of tensioning, the grain is discharged as it is. Therefore, a shutter sensor for detecting this is provided, and an operation suitable for opening and closing the discharge shutter 14 is performed.

  Next, mainly in the flow of FIG. 6, in the dryer having the moisture meter 1, the moisture meter 1 is driven at regular intervals to determine whether the grains are circulating. The grain circulation check is configured to be executed when the moisture measurement interval α is shorter than the moisture measurement interval α, and is executed only when the purge time is shorter than the purge time α during purging of the ventilation when the burner is stopped. Constitute. In this way, the minimum necessary grain circulation check can be performed, the function of the grain circulation check can be maintained, and the durability of the moisture meter 1 can be improved.

  Further, even if the discharge switch of the operation panel 16 is pressed after operating the tension switch, the discharge process cannot be performed. That is, by configuring so that the discharge switch can be used on the condition that the drying switch is operated, it is possible to prevent an erroneous operation at the time of sticking.

The side view of a grain dryer. The front view. The front view of an operation panel part. The block diagram of dry grain circulation control and discharge control. The control flowchart. The flowchart of the drying control which shows a part another example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Moisture meter 2 Elevator 3 Tank part 4 Drying chamber

Claims (2)

  A circulation drying process that includes a moisture meter (1) that takes in the grain and measures the grain moisture, circulates the grain in the machine body and dries the grain, and a discharge process that discharges the grain outside the machine after drying In the grain dryer that performs the process, when the grain is taken into the moisture meter (1) during the circulating drying process and the discharging process, it is determined that the circulating drying process or the discharging process is in progress, and the grain is taken in for a set time or more. Is not detected, the circulation drying is stopped during the circulation drying process, and the discharge operation is stopped during the discharge process, and the set time is made shorter than the circulation drying process. A grain dryer characterized by.   2. Grain according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture meter (1) starts to take in the grain when the load current value of the drive motor (23) of the device for carrying out the discharging process becomes equal to or less than a set value during the discharging process. Dryer.

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