JP5102594B2 - Reservoir simple construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for easily constructing a reservoir suitable for a relatively large (for example, 20 m ³ or more) water tank that temporarily stores water.

In civil engineering construction sites, a tank for temporarily storing water may be required during the construction period. Although the form of the aquarium is various, for example, in the case of a relatively large aquarium having a capacity of 20 m ³ or more, it is common to construct a reservoir using the site land. Not only the construction site, but also a relatively large reservoir may be created as a temporary reservoir.

  Since such a reservoir is supposed to be demolished when it finishes its role, it is relatively simple to store water in a depression created by excavating soil, rather than a highly durable structure hardened with concrete. Structure is adopted. However, even in that case, it is necessary to shield the stored water so that it does not leak into the soil.

  Conventionally, as a water shielding method, a method of covering a surface of a depression serving as a reservoir with which the water comes into contact with a water storage sheet such as a so-called blue sheet has been generally adopted. Such a water shielding sheet is inexpensive, easily available, and easy to remove when demolished.

However, the method of covering with a water-impervious sheet has the following problems.
(1) Since the sheet is easily damaged by contact with a machine or the like, rainwater permeates into the slope of the depression before storing water, and slope collapse tends to occur.
(2) Chemical degradation is likely to occur due to ultraviolet light or working water, and water leakage may occur at that portion.
(3) In outdoor construction, it is not always easy to lay a large-area sheet that is easily affected by wind.
(4) A seam process is required, and the work becomes complicated. In addition, breakage tends to occur at the joints.

  On the other hand, in order to prevent cracking due to drying shrinkage when mortar or concrete is cured, various coating agents applied to the surface of the cured body have been developed (Patent Documents 1 to 7). In particular, organic-inorganic composite type film curing agents are known that have excellent properties such as excellent blocking of chloride ions and carbon dioxide and do not whiten even when wet (Patent Document 3). ~ 7).

JP 2004-244255 A JP 2002-274976 A JP 2006-327867 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-1802 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-1803 JP 2007-119258 A JP 2007-119259 A

  As described above, the method of covering the slope and bottom surface with a water-impervious sheet for water shielding of the reservoir has many problems in terms of durability and workability. On the other hand, the method of hardening with durable concrete or the like generates a lot of industrial waste and has a large environmental load, so it cannot be easily adopted at a general construction site.

  In view of such a current situation, the present invention aims to provide a construction method of a reservoir that can realize a highly reliable water shielding by a simple method with good workability and can be easily demolished. And

The purpose is to form a modified layer made of soil mixed with a hydraulic binder in the surface layer of a depression that becomes a reservoir, and on the surface of the modified layer, an aqueous synthetic resin dispersion, a water-soluble resin, and a swelling By applying an organic-inorganic composite emulsion paint containing a clay mineral, an “impregnation layer” in which soil components, binder components and emulsion paint components are mixed, and “coating layer” of the emulsion paint the constituted, it is achieved by a simple construction method of reservoir forming an aqueous coating barrier coating having an average thickness of 1~5mm for exposure to water contained in the reservoir. This emulsion-based paint is synthesized by reacting a crosslinking agent.

In particular, the modified layer has a thickness of 250 mm or more obtained by compacting modified soil in which a hydraulic binder is mixed at a rate of 20 to 100 kg / m ³ , and the viscosity of the emulsion paint is 3 to 5000 mPa · The method adjusted to s and having an average coating amount of 300 to 1000 g / m ³ is suitable. Moreover, it is desirable to make it the application quantity which satisfy | fills the following (A) conditions.
(A) One day after applying the emulsion paint on the surface of the modified layer, when water is sprayed on the dry surface after the application at a spraying amount of 10 L / m ^2, at the point of 60 seconds after spraying. Amount of coating that exhibits water-blocking properties where wetting color cannot be confirmed on the surface cut by 1 mm.

  The emulsion-based paint is preferably applied by spraying using a squeeze type, piston type, or diaphragm type pump, and the squeeze type is particularly efficient.

  According to the present invention, the sheet material such as the blue sheet is not burdened with the water impermeability of the slope and the bottom of the reservoir, but the sheet material that is easily damaged is used because the surface is treated by the modified layer. The problem of slope failure and water leakage due to is avoided. In addition, the workability for the water shielding treatment is also greatly improved as compared with the conventional method in which the sheet materials are joined together. Moreover, while the reliability with respect to water barrier is high, it is easy to tear down the reservoir that has finished its role.

  FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional structure of a reservoir constructed by the construction method of the present invention. A depression 10 is created by excavating the foundation ground 11, and a modified layer 12 is formed on the surface layer of the depression 10. As will be described later, the modified layer 12 is composed of modified soil mixed with a hydraulic binder, and the modified soil can be prepared using, for example, on-site generated soil generated by excavation. The modified layer 12 is compacted by rolling or the like as necessary, and a water-impervious coating layer 13 is formed on the surface exposed to the accommodated water 14 by applying an emulsion-based paint described later. In FIG. 1, the thicknesses of the modified layer 12 and the water-impervious coating layer 13 are exaggerated.

  In general, a known method of applying a coating agent (such as a water repellent material) as a technique for imparting water-blocking properties to an object having a relatively smooth surface and a relatively low degree of porosity, such as mortar and concrete. Is applicable. However, even if the surface formed with soil components is compacted by rolling or the like, it has large irregularities and is porous compared to mortar and concrete. Therefore, even if a liquid coating agent is applied, it generally penetrates into the interior, and it is not easy to form a water shielding layer on the surface. For this reason, there is no example of a construction method that forms a water shielding layer by applying a coating agent to the soil surface that is directly exposed to the water stored in the reservoir.

  The inventors have studied various new water-impervious means instead of the sheet material. As a result, it has been found that if a certain kind of organic-inorganic composite coating agent is used, a water shielding layer can be formed on the soil transfer surface. The coating agent is an organic-inorganic composite emulsion-based paint containing a synthetic resin aqueous dispersion, a water-soluble resin, and a swellable clay mineral, and synthesized by reacting with a crosslinking agent (in this specification, simply “emulsion”). "A paint" means this unless otherwise specified). As a coating agent containing such a component, the coating film curing agent disclosed in Patent Documents 3 to 7 is known, but this is originally applied to a relatively dense surface of mortar or concrete. . However, as a result of research, the inventors have found that a highly reliable water shielding layer can be formed by forming a paint with this kind of component emulsion and applying it to a surface formed with soil components.

  However, it is important that the soil for applying the emulsion paint is a modified layer made of soil mixed with a hydraulic binder. In the soil modified by mixing the hydraulic binder, the moisture in the soil reacts with the components of the hydraulic binder, and the gap between the soil particles is filled to some extent by the reaction product (densification). Thereby, in addition to the original soil-modifying action, the action of suppressing excessive penetration of the emulsion paint into the soil is exhibited. In order to obtain such an effect sufficiently, it is desirable to apply the emulsion-based paint after approximately one day has passed since the hydraulic binder was mixed with the soil.

  FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure in the vicinity of the water shielding layer formed by the method of the present invention. Although the inside of the modified layer is densified by mixing the hydraulic binder, many voids remain between the particles compared to mortar and concrete. In the vicinity of the surface of the modified layer 12, an impregnation layer 21 in which a soil component, a binder component, and an emulsion-based paint component are mixed is formed by appropriately penetrating the emulsion-based paint into the voids between the particles. On the impregnated layer 21, a coating layer 22 made only of an emulsion-based paint is formed. The water-impervious coating layer 13 includes an impregnation layer 21 and a coating layer 22. It is presumed that the presence of the impregnated layer 21 causes the anchor effect of the coating layer 22 with respect to the modified layer 12 to form a highly reliable water-impervious coating layer 13 having excellent adhesion to soil. In addition, it is considered that such a structure of the water-impervious coating layer 13 also works effectively in suppressing cracking of the modified layer 12. The preferable average thickness of the water-impervious coating layer 13 is 1 to 5 mm.

  In order to form a modified layer, soil (for example, soil generated on-site) is mixed with hydraulic binders such as cement to create modified soil, and the surface layer of the depression of the reservoir is constructed with this modified soil. Good. As the hydraulic binder, general cement such as Portland cement can be used as it is, but a commercially available cement-based solidifying material may be used. The water 14 in the reservoir is remarkably suppressed from penetrating into the modified layer 12 by the water-impervious coating layer 13. However, in consideration of the influence of the inevitable unevenness present on the surface of the modified layer 12 and the influence of coating unevenness that may occur in the on-site coating operation, the water-shielding coating layer 13 is expected to have perfect water shielding. This is unreasonable, and it is sufficiently assumed that slight water enters the inside of the modified layer 12 beyond the water-impervious coating layer 13. Therefore, in the construction method of the present invention, the modified layer 12 is constructed with a certain thickness to prevent water leakage to the outside. As a result of various studies, it is desirable to ensure that the thickness of the modified layer 12 is 250 mm or more. By using the modified soil obtained as will be described later, it is possible to impart a water shielding function to the modified layer itself. However, if it is less than 250 mm, the leakage of water to the outside of the modified layer 12 is completely prevented. There are times when you can't stop. The thickness of the modified layer 12 is more preferably 300 mm or more, and even more preferably 400 mm or more. However, since it is uneconomical to provide an excessively thick modified layer, it should be within 1000 mm. For example, a management standard such as 500 mm ± 100 mm may be provided.

If the amount of the hydraulic binder in the modified layer is too small, the action of inhibiting the penetration of the emulsion-based paint will be weakened, and if the coating amount is increased significantly or the viscosity of the paint is not increased, the surface of the modified layer will be reduced. It becomes difficult to cover with a coating film. In addition, the water shielding function of the modified layer itself is reduced. On the other hand, when the amount of the hydraulic binder is excessively large, not only is it uneconomical, but it is considered that proper penetration of the emulsion-based paint is hindered. In that case, a coating film with good adhesion is coated. There is concern that it will be difficult. As a result of various investigations, (which means the amount of hydraulic binder to be added to the original soil 1 m ³⁾ a mixture of hydraulic binder 20 and 100 kg / m ³ and was using the modified soil amendment It is desirable to form a layer, and it is more preferable to use modified soil having a density of about ³⁰ to 60 kg / m ³ .

  It is desirable that the surface of the modified layer before applying the emulsion paint is in a compacted state. Compaction can be performed by general rolling. The surface of the compacted modified layer has reduced unevenness, which is effective for uniformly applying the emulsion paint.

The viscosity of the emulsion paint greatly affects the permeability of the paint from the surface of the modified layer to the inside. If the viscosity is too low, the penetration into the modified layer increases, so that a large amount of paint is required for coating with the healthy coating layer 22, which is uneconomical. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too high, the load on the pump becomes excessive during application by spraying, making it difficult to perform efficient application work. As a result of various studies, the viscosity of the emulsion-based paint is desirably adjusted to 3 to 5000 mPa · s, and more preferably 5 to 500 mPa · s. A coating layer having an excellent water shielding property on a surface compacted by a general rolling pressure or the like when applied at an average coating amount of 300 to 1000 g / m ³ using the emulsion-based paint having the viscosity adjusted as described above. When combined with the water shielding function of the modified layer formed with a thickness of 250 mm or more, leakage of water to the outside of the modified layer can be sufficiently prevented.

Moreover, in order to stably obtain a water-impervious coating layer having excellent water-impervious performance, it is particularly preferable to apply with a coating amount that satisfies the following condition (A).
(A) One day after applying the emulsion paint on the surface of the modified layer, when water is sprayed on the dry surface after the application at a spraying amount of 10 L / m ^2, at the point of 60 seconds after spraying. Amount of coating that exhibits water-imperviousness with no wetting color on the surface cut by 1 mm. When setting the coating amount at the site, use a part of the surface of the modified layer that is actually formed to apply a certain level of coating amount. It is effective to perform a coating experiment (trial coating) and set the coating amount so as to satisfy the above (A). A reformed layer having a thickness of 250 mm or more formed on the surface with a water-impervious coating layer satisfying such conditions can prevent leakage of water during long-term storage of water for several months or more.

  As a method for applying the emulsion paint, a spraying method or a roller method can be applied. In the case of spraying, since the emulsion-based paint has a higher viscosity than a general paint, the burden on the pump may be excessive. In order to solve this problem, for example, it is desirable to use a squeeze pump. A piston type or diaphragm type pump can also be applied.

  The emulsion-based paint can be applied based on the coating curing agent disclosed in Patent Documents 3 to 7, and will be briefly described below.

[Synthetic resin aqueous dispersion]
The synthetic resin aqueous dispersion as used herein is generally a synthetic resin emulsion, which is an aromatic vinyl monomer, an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer, an ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid monomer, or other copolymer. It is obtained by emulsion polymerization of one or more kinds from polymerizable monomers. For example, styrene / butadiene latex mainly composed of styrene, styrene / acrylic emulsion, methyl methacrylate / butadiene latex copolymerized with styrene, and ethylene / acrylic emulsion. The synthetic resin emulsion is more preferably one having a carboxyl group or a hydroxy group. Here, the emulsion polymerization is a general emulsion polymerization method in which monomers to be polymerized are mixed and an emulsifier, a polymerization initiator or the like is added to this to perform in an aqueous system. In order to obtain blending stability with the swellable clay mineral, it is preferable to use a basic substance such as ammonia, amines, and caustic soda and adjust the pH to 5 or more. The particle size of the synthetic resin aqueous dispersion is generally 100 to 300 nm, but preferably has a small particle size of about 60 to 100 nm.

(Water-soluble resin)
Examples of water-soluble resins include modified starch or derivatives thereof, cellulose derivatives, saponified polyvinyl acetate or derivatives thereof, polymers having sulfonic acid groups or salts thereof, polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid or salts thereof, Examples include acrylamide polymers and copolymers, polyethylene glycol, and oxazoline group-containing polymers, and one or more of them can be used. The water-soluble resin may be one having a solubility in pure water of 1% or more at normal temperature, and preferably has 10 to 60% of hydrogen bonding groups or ionic groups per unit mass of the resin. The average molecular weight is preferably 2000 to 1000000. As for the compounding quantity of water-soluble resin, 0.05-200 mass parts is preferable in conversion of solid content with respect to 100 mass parts of solid content of synthetic resin aqueous dispersion. If the amount is less than 0.05 parts by mass, the moisture resistance may be lowered. If the amount exceeds 200 parts, the moisture resistance may be significantly lowered.

[Swelling clay mineral]
Examples of the swellable clay mineral include layered silicate minerals belonging to the genus smectite. For example, montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, synthetic fluorine mica, mica, bentonite, and the like. Any of natural products, synthetic products, and processed products can be used. Among them, clay minerals having a swelling power of 20 ml / 2 g or more according to a method according to the Japan Bentonite Industry Association, standard test method JBAS-104-77, particularly synthetic fluorine mica and bentonite are preferable. Further, the ion exchange equivalent is preferably 10 milliequivalents or more, more preferably 60 to 200 milliequivalents per 100 g. Furthermore, the thing whose aspect ratio is 50-5000 is preferable. The aspect ratio is the ratio of the length / thickness of clay mineral particles dispersed in a layer determined by an electron micrograph. As for the compounding quantity of a swelling clay mineral, 1-50 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of solid content of a synthetic resin aqueous dispersion. If the amount is less than 1 part by mass, the moisture-proof property may be reduced and blocking may easily occur. If the amount exceeds 50 parts by mass, the deformability of the formed coating layer may be reduced.

[Crosslinking agent]
A crosslinking agent means a cross-linking, polymerizing (three-dimensional network structure), or hydrophobic reaction by reacting with a hydrophilic functional group such as a carboxyl group, an amide group, and a hydroxyl group of a water-soluble resin or synthetic resin aqueous dispersion. Those having an oxazoline group that undergoes an addition reaction with a carboxyl group also serve as a water-soluble resin, and are preferable. The blending amount of the crosslinking agent is preferably 0.01 to 30 parts by mass in terms of solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total solid content of the synthetic resin aqueous dispersion and the water-soluble resin. If the amount is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the moisture resistance may be lowered. If the amount exceeds 30 parts by mass, the moisture resistance and the blocking resistance reach a peak.

  A pigment can be added as another compounding agent. When an emulsion-based paint with a pigment added is used, it is easy to distinguish between the places where it is applied and the places where it is not, making it easier to perform uniform application.

  The method for synthesizing the emulsion-based paint used in the present invention is preferably a method in which a water-soluble resin, a swellable clay mineral, and, if necessary, a pigment are mixed in water before mixing the synthetic resin aqueous dispersion and the crosslinking agent. The pigment may be mixed at the end after reacting the crosslinking agent. The viscosity of the emulsion-based paint can be adjusted mainly by the amount of the water solvent.

《Lab experiment》
The following materials were prepared.
・ Soil; Soil collected at the site of the Hokuriku region. Capacity 1.57g / cm ³
・ Hydraulic binder; Ordinary Portland cement. Denki Kagaku Kogyo, density 3.15 g / cm ³
・ Emulsion paint; Organic-inorganic composite polymer containing synthetic resin aqueous dispersion, water-soluble resin and swellable clay mineral, and synthesized by reacting with a cross-linking agent. Based on Denkaful Coat manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. The viscosity is adjusted to about 36 mPa · s. Non-pigmented milky white liquid, pH 7-10

Cement is mixed with the collected soil at a rate of 30 kg / m ³ or 60 kg / m ³ to obtain a modified soil. Using this modified soil, a cylindrical body of φ7.5 cm × 2 cm is produced. A hollow test piece was made by hollowing out the inside from one end of the slab to form a recess of φ5.5 cm × depth 1 cm. The emulsion-based paint was applied at an application amount of 300 g / m ² inside the recess of the test body, and after standing for 1 hour, the recess was filled with water. In addition, the dents of the test specimens to which no emulsion paint was applied were also filled with water. About each test body, when it was left for 3 hours after filling with water, the presence or absence of the leakage of water was observed visually. The results are shown in Table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, it was confirmed that the coating with the emulsion-based paint did not show water leakage and had excellent water barrier properties. In any of the specimens, cracks were observed at the edge of the dent immediately after molding, but it is considered that the cracks were blocked by the emulsion-based paint and no water leakage occurred. In this experiment, since the soil surface of the test specimen was smoothed by modeling, it was considered that good water shielding was obtained even when the coating amount of the emulsion-based paint was 300 g / m ² .

《Field experiment》
A reservoir was constructed using an outdoor site. The following materials were prepared.
・ Soil; Locally generated soil.
-Hydraulic binder; Cement-based solidifying agent ("Soil Pack 20" manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
Emulsion paint; same as in Example 1.

The ground was excavated with a backhoe (0.45 m ³ , crane specification), and a depression (having a dike using excavated soil) was made as a reservoir. The above-mentioned hydraulic binder was mixed with the soil generated by excavation at a rate of 50 kg / m ³ to obtain modified soil. Using this modified soil, a modified layer was provided on the surface layer (slope and bottom) of the depression. The modified layer was compacted with a compactor to a thickness of 500 mm. Moreover, the modified soil which changed the compounding quantity of the hydraulic binder in the various steps of 10-100 kg / m < ³ > was applied to some modified layers.

An experiment in which the above emulsion-based paint is applied at various coating amounts of 200 to 700 g / m ² using a partial surface of a modified layer made of modified soil having a hydraulic binder content of 50 kg / m ^3. (Trial coating) was performed. Here, it was applied using a manual spreader. 1 day after application, water is sprayed on the dry surface after application at an application rate of 10 L / m ² I investigated. For comparison, an uncoated surface (labeled as 0 g / m ² applied amount) was also added to the survey target. Evaluation was performed according to the following criteria, and Δ and ○ evaluations were determined to be acceptable.
◯: The wet color cannot be confirmed. Δ: The wet color can be confirmed on a part of the sprayed surface. X: The result that the wet color can be confirmed on almost the entire sprayed surface is shown in Table 2.

As can be seen from Table 2, excellent water barrier properties were confirmed at an average coating amount of 300 g / m ² or more. In particular, when the average coating amount was 500 g / m ² or more, it was difficult to determine the location of water spray even on the coated surface (outermost surface). This is presumably because the outermost surface was covered with a continuous coating layer (a layer corresponding to reference numeral 22 in FIG. 2) and a very high water barrier was obtained. Further, when the vicinity of the coated surface was examined in detail for what was rated as ○, the average thickness of the water-impervious coating layer (the layer corresponding to reference numeral 13 in FIG. 2) was confirmed to be in the range of 1 to 5 mm. It was.

Next, based on the above evaluation results, the emulsion paint was applied at an average coating amount of 500 g / m ² on the whole slope and bottom composed of a modified layer having a thickness of about 500 mm. At that time, spray painting was initially performed using a gear pump powered by the engine, but because of the viscosity of the emulsion-based paint, the load on the engine was excessive, and it was unavoidable to reduce the output and apply it. It became a situation. Therefore, the application was performed by switching to a squeeze pump from the middle. As a result, coating work with good workability could be carried out.
In this way, a reservoir having a maximum design water depth of about 1.8 m and a maximum design water storage amount of about 600 m ³ was constructed. The angle of the slope is about 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. As described above, a modified soil in which the mixing amount of the hydraulic binder is changed to other than 50 kg / m ³ is used for a part of the modified layer.

Water was introduced into this reservoir, and the amount of stored water was stored for 20 days with the above-mentioned design maximum storage amount. The accommodated water is in direct contact with the water-impervious coating layer formed on the surface of the modified layer. The water was then drained, and water leakage was evaluated according to the following criteria while digging a part of the slope and bottom of the modified layer manually. [Delta] Evaluation of a modified layer above evaluation was judged to be acceptable and was determined to be acceptable.
○: The leakage of water is within the depth of the modified layer less than 100 mm on both the slope and the bottom. Δ: The leakage of water is at least 100 mm deep on the modified layer at least one of the slope and the bottom. Although it has reached the region, it falls within the region of less than 250 mm. X: Table 3 shows the results of water leakage reaching the region of the modified layer depth of 250 mm or more on at least one of the slope and the bottom. .

  As can be seen from Table 3, a reservoir having excellent water shielding properties could be constructed. In the modified layer using the modified soil with a small amount of the hydraulic binder, the water shielding performance tended to decrease.

The figure which illustrated typically the section structure of the reservoir constructed by the construction method of the present invention. The figure which illustrated typically the section structure near the impermeable layer formed with the construction method of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Recess 11 Basic foundation 12 Modified layer 13 Water-impervious coating layer 14 Water 21 Impregnated layer 22 Coating layer

Claims (5)

A modified layer made of soil mixed with a hydraulic binder is formed on the surface layer of the depression serving as a reservoir, and an aqueous synthetic resin dispersion, water-soluble resin and swellable clay mineral are formed on the surface of the modified layer. By applying the organic-inorganic composite-type emulsion paint, it is composed of an “impregnation layer” in which soil components, binder components and emulsion paint components are mixed, and “coating layer” of the emulsion paint. , simple construction method of reservoir forming an aqueous coating barrier coating having an average thickness of 1~5mm for exposure to water contained in the reservoir. A modified layer having a thickness of 250 mm or more formed by compacting modified soil mixed with a hydraulic binder at a rate of 20 to 100 kg / m ³ is formed on the surface layer of the depression serving as a reservoir. On the surface, an average coating amount of an organic-inorganic composite type emulsion-based paint containing a synthetic resin aqueous dispersion, a water-soluble resin, and a swellable clay mineral and having a viscosity adjusted to 3 to 5000 mPa · s is 300 to 1000 g / m ^3. In order to be exposed to water contained in the reservoir, which is composed of an “impregnation layer” in which soil components, binder components and emulsion paint components are mixed, and “coating layer” of emulsion paint. A simple construction method of a reservoir for forming a water-impervious coating layer having an average thickness of 1 to 5 mm . A modified layer having a thickness of 250 mm or more formed by compacting modified soil mixed with a hydraulic binder at a rate of 20 to 100 kg / m ³ is formed on the surface layer of the depression serving as a reservoir. By applying an organic-inorganic composite emulsion paint containing a synthetic resin aqueous dispersion, a water-soluble resin, and a swellable clay mineral to the surface in a coating amount that satisfies the following condition (A) , Water imperviousness with an average thickness of 1 to 5 mm for exposure to water contained in the reservoir, which is composed of an “impregnation layer” in which a material component and an emulsion paint component are mixed, and a “coating layer” of an emulsion paint A simple construction method for a reservoir that forms a covering layer.
(A) One day after applying the emulsion paint on the surface of the modified layer, when water is sprayed on the dry surface after the application at a spraying amount of 10 L / m ^2, at the point of 60 seconds after spraying. Amount of coating that exhibits water-blocking properties where wetting color cannot be confirmed on the surface cut by 1 mm.   The simple construction method for a reservoir according to claim 3, wherein the emulsion paint has a viscosity of 3 to 5000 mPa · s.   The simple construction method of a reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the emulsion-based paint is applied by spraying using a squeeze-type, piston-type, or diaphragm-type pump.

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