JP5091470B2 - 農園芸用組成物 - Google Patents
農園芸用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5091470B2 JP5091470B2 JP2006328510A JP2006328510A JP5091470B2 JP 5091470 B2 JP5091470 B2 JP 5091470B2 JP 2006328510 A JP2006328510 A JP 2006328510A JP 2006328510 A JP2006328510 A JP 2006328510A JP 5091470 B2 JP5091470 B2 JP 5091470B2
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Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
Syst. Fungic. Antifungal Compd. 第2巻291号 257−267頁
(1)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌、及び1種または2種以上の農園芸用農薬成分を含有し、植物の好ましくない病害を防除する作用を有する農園芸用組成物。
(2)農園芸用農薬成分が農園芸用殺菌成分である(1)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(3)農園芸用殺菌成分が、ペンチオピラド、バシルス・ズブチリスより選ばれるものである(2)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(4)農園芸用農薬成分が農園芸用殺虫成分である(1)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(5)農園芸用殺虫成分が、フィプロニル、MEPより選ばれるものである(4)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(6)植物の好ましくない病害を防除する作用の他に、植物に有害な害虫を防除する作用も併せもつ、(4)又は(5)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(7)農園芸用農薬成分が農園芸用植物成長調整成分である(1)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(8)農園芸用植物成長調整成分が、プロヘキサジオン塩、トリネキサパックエチルより選ばれるものである(7)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(9)植物の好ましくない病害を防除する作用の他に、植物の生育、草姿や樹形、開花、着果を調節する作用の少なくともひとつの作用も併せもつ、(7)又は(8)に記載の農園芸用組成物。
(10)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌が、トリコデルマ・アトロビリデである(1)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物。
(11)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌が、トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株(受託番号FERM P−16510)である(1)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物。
(12)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌が、トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−2菌株(受託番号FERM P−16511)である(1)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物。
(13)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌が、トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−3菌株(受託番号FERM P−17021)である(1)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物。
(14)(1)〜(13)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物を植物体に処理することを特徴とする植物病害の防除方法。
(15)(4)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物を植物体に処理することを特徴とする害虫の防除方法。
(16)(7)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の農園芸用組成物を植物体に処理することを特徴とする、植物の生育、草姿や樹形、開花、着果の少なくともひとつを調節する方法。
(17)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌と1種または2種以上の農園芸用農薬成分を水中に懸濁させて混合液とし、その混合液を植物体に処理することを特徴とする植物病害の防除方法。
(18)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌と1種または2種以上の農園芸用殺虫成分を水中に懸濁させて混合液とし、その混合液を植物体に処理することを特徴とする害虫の防除方法。
(19)トリコデルマ属に属する糸状菌と1種または2種以上の農園芸用植物成長調整成分を水中に懸濁させて混合液とし、その混合液を植物体に処理することを特徴とする、植物の生育、草姿や樹形、開花、着果の少なくともひとつを調節する方法。
ポテトデキストロース培地(PDA:ジャガイモ200.0g、グルコース20.0g、寒天20.0g、蒸留水1000ml)上及び2%麦芽エキス培地(麦芽エキス20.0g、寒天20.0g、蒸留水1000ml)上での生育は良好で、菌糸伸長は早い。はじめ気生菌糸少なく白色、しだいに羊毛状の気生菌糸を生じ、分生子形成に従って緑色〜暗緑色となる。
分生子柄は気生菌糸より生じ、多くは綿毛状にかたまる。輪生状或るいは不規則に分枝、各分枝は下方のものほど伸びて分枝をくりかえし、全体としては円すい形を呈する。各分枝はほぼ直角に分かれ先端はフィアライドとなる。フィアライドは分生子柄先端に2〜4個(平均3個)が規則正しく対生または輪生し、フィアライド先端は細くなる。分生子はフィアライド頂端に塊状に形成される。球形〜亜球形で表面は平滑であり、SKT−1菌株、SKT−3菌株は2.5〜4.0×2.5〜3.5μm、SKT−2菌株は3.0〜4.0×2.7〜3.5μmである。
生育温度は10〜35℃であり、最適温度は25℃付近である。pH4.0〜8.0の間で生育可能であり、最適pHは5.0〜7.0である。
II: (A)+(B−1)
(A)+(B−2)
(A)+(B−3)
III: (A)+(B−1)+(B−2)
(A)+(B−1)+(B−3)
(A)+(B−2)+(B−3)
(A)+(B−1)+(B−2)+(B−3)
3%精糖蜜、0.5%脱脂大豆、0.1%KH2PO4、0.05%MgSO4・7H2O、0.05%KCl、0.001%FeSO4・7H2O、pH無調整の培地にトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株を接種し、27℃で48時間振とう培養を行った。培地全体に菌糸が広がったのを確認し、この培養物をアルミのバットに広げ、そのまま27℃で空気を送りながら液体静置培養を行った。液体静置培養を1週間行うと、振とう培養で得られた菌糸は空気との接触面一面に分生子を形成した。これを水抜き、風乾、もしくは乾燥を行うことにより、菌糸はアルミのバットに粘着した。引き続き、分生子の水分含量が1〜20%になるまで乾燥し、この状態の培養物から乾燥胞子を取得した。この乾燥胞子は2×1010cfu/g以上含むものである。
製造例1と同様の方法により、トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−2菌株の乾燥胞子を取得した。この乾燥胞子は2×1010cfu/g以上含むものである。
製造例1と同様の方法により、トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−3菌株の乾燥胞子を取得した。この乾燥胞子は2×1010cfu/g以上含むものである。
バシルス・ズブチリス D747菌株(Bacillus sp. D747 FERM BP−8234)を平板培地上で培養し、分離したコロニーをフラスコに植菌し、20mlのブイヨン培地(肉エキス1%、ペプトン1%、塩化ナトリウム0.5%)で、27℃、120rpm、1日間振盪培養後、得られた培養液をグルコース1%、可溶性澱粉2%、ポリペプトン0.5%、乾燥酵母1%、脱脂大豆1%、KH2PO40.2%、塩化ナトリウム0.2%、炭酸カルシウム0.3%を含む、pH6.0の培地20Lに植菌し27℃、120rpm、3日間振盪培養した後、遠心集菌(10,000×g、15分間)し、滅菌水中に懸濁し、培地成分を洗浄した。この操作を2回行い、湿重量約1kgの湿菌体(芽胞画分)を得た。この芽胞画分1kgを蒸留水5Lに懸濁後、スプレードライヤー(ニロジャパン社)にて処理した(入口温度150℃、出口温度100℃)。スプレードライヤーにて得られた乾燥物を破砕して、6×1011cfu/gの乾燥粉末芽胞約100gを得た。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用殺菌化合物ペンチオピラドを0.1%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー68.9%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用植物成長調整化合物プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩を2%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー67%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用植物成長調整化合物トリネキサパックエチルを2%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー67%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用殺虫化合物フィプロニルを0.1%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー68.9%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用殺虫化合物MEPを10%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー59%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、製造例4により得られたバシルス・ズプチリス D747菌株生菌芽胞を0.7%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー68.3%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用殺菌化合物ペンチオピラドを0.1%、珪藻土6%及びクレー91.9%を均一に混合粉砕して粉剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、農園芸用殺虫化合物フィプロニルを0.1%、ラウリルアルコール硫酸エステルのナトリウム塩2%、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム5%、カルボキシメチルセルロース2%及びクレー88.9%を均一に混合粉砕した。この混合物100重量部に水20重量部を加えて練合し、押出式造粒機を用いて14〜32メッシュの粒状に加工した後、乾燥して粒剤とした。
製造例1に準じて得られたトリコデルマ・アトロビリデSKT−1菌株の乾燥胞子を2%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー69%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
農園芸用殺菌化合物ペンチオピラドを0.1%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー70.9%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
農園芸用植物成長調整化合物プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩を2%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー69%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
農園芸用植物成長調整化合物トリネキサパックエチルを2%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー69%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
農園芸用殺虫化合物フィプロニルを0.1%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー70.9%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
農園芸用殺虫化合物MEPを10%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー61%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
製造例4により得られたバシルス・ズブチリス D747菌株生菌芽胞を0.7%、ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩1.5%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリール1.5%、珪藻土26%、クレー70.3%を均一に混合粉砕して、水和剤とした。
(製剤例16:粉剤)
農園芸用殺菌化合物ペンチオピラドを0.1%、珪藻土6%及びクレー93.9%を均一に混合粉砕して粉剤とした。
農園芸用殺虫化合物フィプロニルを0.1%、ラウリルアルコール硫酸エステルのナトリウム塩2%、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム5%、カルボキシメチルセルロース2%及びクレー90.9%を均一に混合粉砕した。この混合物100重量部に水20重量部を加えて練合し、押出式造粒機を用いて14〜32メッシュの粒状に加工した後、乾燥して粒剤とした。
9cm×9cmの塩ビ製鉢にキュウリ種子(品種:相模半白)を10粒づつ播種し、温室内で7日間育成し、子葉が展開したキュウリ幼苗を供試植物として用いた。製剤例1〜6に準じながら供試濃度になるように適宜配合量を変えて調製した本発明の農園芸用組成物、製剤例9のトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1、及び製剤例10〜15に準じて調製した農園芸用殺菌剤、農園芸用殺虫剤、農園芸用植物成長調整剤を、有効成分が所定の濃度になるように水で希釈し、1鉢当たり10mlを噴霧散布した。風乾後、キュウリ灰色かび病菌(Botrytis cinerea)の胞子懸濁液を浸したペーパーディスクをキュウリ子葉表面に置床接種し、20℃の湿室で管理した。接種3日後に子葉の病斑直径を求め、得られた数値をもとに、数1により防除価(%)を求めた。
(A):ペンチオピラド
(B);プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩
(C);トリネキサパックエチル
(D);フィプロニル
(E);MEP
(F);バシルス・ズブチリス D747菌株 生菌芽胞
PD液体培地で27℃、52時間振とう培養により得られたイネ褐条病菌(Acidovorax avenae)懸濁液(108cfu/ml)にイネ種籾(品種:黄金晴)を減圧条件下で1時間浸漬接種し、イネ褐条罹病籾を作成した。製剤例1〜6に準じながら供試濃度になるように適宜配合量を変えて調製した本発明の農園芸用組成物、製剤例9のトリコデルマ・アトロビリデ SKT−1、及び製剤例10〜15に準じて調製した農園芸用殺菌剤、農園芸用殺虫剤、農園芸用植物成長調整剤を、有効成分が所定の濃度になるように水で希釈し、上記のイネ褐条罹病籾を24時間浸漬した後、薬液を捨て、32℃の湿室内に1日保って催芽させた。育苗培土を充填させた径6cmのプラスチックカップに催芽種子を播種し、播種3日後、30℃の育苗庫内に保ち、更に25℃の湿室内で12日間管理した後に、全苗について発病の有無を調査し、数3により発病苗率を、数4より防除価をそれぞれ算出した。1区当たりの播種量は乾籾3g、試験は3反復で行った。試験によって得られた実験値の防除価(%)、及びコルビーの計算式より求められた計算値の防除価(%)を表2に示した。
(A);ペンチオピラド
(B);プロヘキサジオンカルシウム塩
(C);トリネキサパックエチル
(D);フィプロニル
(E);MEP
(F);バシルス・ズブチリス D747菌株生菌芽胞
Claims (15)
- トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride) SKT−1菌株(FERM P−16510)、及びペンチオピラド、バシルス(Bacillus)sp. D747株(FERM BP−8234)より選ばれる1種または2種の農園芸用農薬成分を含有する植物病害防除剤。
- トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride) SKT−1菌株(FERM P−16510)、及びフィプロニル、MEPより選ばれる1種または2種の農園芸用農薬成分を含有する植物病害防除剤。
- 植物の好ましくない病害を防除する作用の他に、植物に有害な害虫を防除する作用も併せもつ、請求項2に記載の剤。
- トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride) SKT−1菌株(FERM P−16510)、及びプロヘキサジオン塩、トリネキサパックエチルより選ばれる1種または2種の農園芸用農薬成分を含有する植物病害防除剤。
- 植物の好ましくない病害を防除する作用の他に、植物の生育、草姿や樹形、開花、着果を調節する作用の少なくともひとつの作用も併せもつ、請求項4に記載の剤。
- 植物病害がボトリチス(Botrytis)属菌及び/又はアシドボラックス(Acidovorax)属菌による植物病害である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の剤。
- 植物病害がボトリチス・シネレア(Botrytis cinerea)及び/又はアシドボラックス・アベナエ(Acidovorax avenae)による植物病害である請求項6に記載の剤。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の植物病害防除剤を植物体に処理することを特徴とする、植物病害の防除方法。
- 請求項3に記載の剤を植物体に処理することを特徴とする、植物病害及び害虫の防除方法。
- 請求項5に記載の剤を植物体に処理することを特徴とする、植物病害の防除及び植物の生育、草姿や樹形、開花、着果の少なくともひとつを調節する方法。
- トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride) SKT−1菌株(FERM P−16510)、及びペンチオピラド、バシルス(Bacillus)sp. D747株(FERM BP−8234)より選ばれる1種または2種の農園芸用農薬成分を水中に懸濁させて混合液とし、その混合液を植物体に処理することを特徴とする植物病害の防除方法。
- トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride) SKT−1菌株(FERM P−16510)、及びフィプロニル、MEPより選ばれる1種または2種の農園芸用殺虫成分を水中に懸濁させて混合液とし、その混合液を植物体に処理することを特徴とする植物病害及び害虫の防除方法。
- トリコデルマ・アトロビリデ(Trichoderma atroviride) SKT−1菌株(FERM P−16510)、及びプロヘキサジオン塩、トリネキサパックエチルより選ばれる1種または2種の農園芸用植物成長調整成分を水中に懸濁させて混合液とし、その混合液を植物体に処理することを特徴とする、植物病害の防除及び植物の生育、草姿や樹形、開花、着果の少なくともひとつを調節する方法。
- 植物病害がボトリチス(Botrytis)属菌及び/又はアシドボラックス(Acidovorax)属菌による植物病害である請求項8〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 植物病害がボトリチス・シネレア(Botrytis cinerea)及び/又はアシドボラックス・アベナエ(Acidovorax avenae)による植物病害である請求項14に記載の方法。
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