JP5079280B2 - 火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼 - Google Patents

火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼 Download PDF

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JP5079280B2
JP5079280B2 JP2006202649A JP2006202649A JP5079280B2 JP 5079280 B2 JP5079280 B2 JP 5079280B2 JP 2006202649 A JP2006202649 A JP 2006202649A JP 2006202649 A JP2006202649 A JP 2006202649A JP 5079280 B2 JP5079280 B2 JP 5079280B2
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智大 田中
隆一 堀田
隆雄 牛本
浩二 向井
吉夫 基
一廣 遠山
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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Description

本発明は、例えばストーカ式ごみ焼却炉における火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼に関するものである。
従来、ストーカ式のごみ焼却炉における火格子には、耐熱性、耐摩耗性および耐食性に優れた、Ｃｒを主体としてＳｉ、Ｃなどを含有し残部がＦｅ等からなる高クロム鋳鋼が用いられているが、ごみ燃焼時に、溶融塩腐食が生じるという欠点があった。
そこで、耐溶融塩腐食性を高めるために、Ｍｎが添加された耐熱性合金鋼が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平１０−２５５４４号公報
ところで、上述した耐熱性合金鋼はＣｒを主体とした高クロム鋳鋼であり、耐食性および耐酸化性は良いが、この耐熱性合金鋼が火格子に用いられて５００〜６００℃以上の高温に曝されると、硬度（耐摩耗性）が低下して摺動面が摩耗し、火格子自体が減肉して強度不足に陥り、可動火格子がスムーズに移動しなくなるという問題が生じる。
そこで、本発明は、高温下における耐摩耗性を向上させ得る火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼を提供することを目的とする。
上記課題を解決するため、本発明のごみ焼却炉における火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼は、Ｃが０．７〜１．３質量％、Ｓｉが１．０〜２．５質量％、Ｃｒが２０〜３０質量％、Ｍｎが０．８２質量％、およびＮが０．２〜０．３質量％含有し、残部がＦｅからなるものである。
上記火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼によると、従来の耐熱性合金鋼に比べて、靭性および鋳造性を損なうことなく、高温下での耐摩耗性を改善することができる。特に、高温下において、火格子における摺動部分での摩耗の低減化を図ることができるので、可動火格子の移動がスムーズに行われる。
［実施の形態］
以下、本発明の実施の形態に係る火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼について説明する。
この火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼は、例えばストーカ式のごみ焼却炉における火格子に用いられるものである。
この耐熱性鋳鋼は、Ｃ（炭素）が０．７〜１．３質量％、Ｓｉ（珪素）が１．０〜２．５質量％、Ｃｒ（クロム）が２０〜３０質量％、Ｍｎが０．８２質量％、およびＮ（窒素）が０．２〜０．３質量％含有し、残部がＦｅ（鉄）等からなるものである。
次に、上述したような成分範囲にした理由について説明する。
まず、Ｃの添加量については、高温強度および鋳造性の向上のため、０．７質量％以上添加する必要があり、また添加し過ぎた場合には、耐食性および靭性の低下を招くため、１．３質量％を上限とした。
Ｓｉの添加量については、鋳造性および耐食性の向上の観点から、１．０質量％以上必要であり、また脆化を防ぐために、２．５質量％を上限とした。
Ｃｒの添加量については、従来の耐熱性鋳鋼と同等レベルの耐食性および耐酸化性を維持するために、２０〜３０質量％の範囲とした。
Ｎの添加量については、高温下での硬さ（高温硬さ）すなわち耐摩耗性を改善するために、０．２質量％以上にする必要があり、また大気下における溶解では、０．３質量％以上の添加が困難なこと、および０．３質量％以上になると炭窒化物が晶出して耐食性が低下するために、０．３質量％を上限とした。
ここで、上述した本発明に係る耐熱性鋳鋼（以下、本発明品という）と、この本発明に係る耐熱性鋳鋼の成分のうちＮについてだけ上限を超えて添加した耐熱性鋳鋼（以下、比較品という）と、従来の耐熱性合金鋼（以下、従来品という）とについて、それぞれ機械的性質に関する実験を行った結果を下記の表１に示す。なお、従来品（１）および（２）は、Ｎを添加しないもので（自然に混入するもので、下限値以下の範囲である）、また従来品（２）については、Ｃを０．７質量％以上としたものである。
Figure 0005079280
 この［表１］から、本発明品と従来品との衝撃値すなわち靭性については同等であることが分かる。
なお、Ｎを添加した場合の高温硬さに及ぼす影響を表わすグラフを図１に示しておく。図１から、本発明品における高温硬さが、４００℃および６００℃の両方で、従来品（２）に比べて、大幅に向上しているのが良く分かる。さらに、比較品について、６００℃での高温硬さをみると、Ｎの添加量が０．３質量％を超えた場合には、硬さが略飽和していることが分かる。言い換えれば、Ｎを０．３質量％以上添加することは、単に、コストが増大するだけとなる。
上述した耐熱性鋳鋼によると、その鋳造性については、従来のものに比べて何ら差異は見受けられなかった。また、Ｎに加えて、Ｃの添加量を多く（０．７質量％以上）することで、高温硬さの向上を図り、すなわち高温下での耐摩耗性をさらに向上させることができる。
すなわち、本発明に係る火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼は、靭性および鋳造性を減じることなく、耐摩耗性を改善することができる。特に、高温下での耐摩耗性を向上させる（改善する）ことができ、したがって高温状態における火格子の摺動部分での摩耗の低減化を図ることができる。
当然に、この耐熱性鋳鋼により火格子を形成した場合、高温状態での耐摩耗性を大幅に向上し得るとともに、減肉に起因する強度不足の改善を図ることができ、したがって可動火格子の移動をスムーズに行わせることができる。
本発明の実施の形態に係る耐熱性鋳鋼（本発明品）と従来のもの（従来品）とにおけるＮの添加量と高温硬さとの関係を示すグラフである。

Claims (1)

  1. Ｃが０．７〜１．３質量％、Ｓｉが１．０〜２．５質量％、Ｃｒが２０〜３０質量％、Ｍｎが０．８２質量％、およびＮが０．２〜０．３質量％含有し、残部がＦｅからなることを特徴とするごみ焼却炉における火格子用耐熱性鋳鋼。
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