JP5066643B2 - ガス分離装置 - Google Patents
ガス分離装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5066643B2 JP5066643B2 JP2009546623A JP2009546623A JP5066643B2 JP 5066643 B2 JP5066643 B2 JP 5066643B2 JP 2009546623 A JP2009546623 A JP 2009546623A JP 2009546623 A JP2009546623 A JP 2009546623A JP 5066643 B2 JP5066643 B2 JP 5066643B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
- B01D53/0473—Rapid pressure swing adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0423—Beds in columns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
- F16J15/342—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities with means for feeding fluid directly to the face
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3436—Pressing means
- F16J15/3448—Pressing means the pressing force resulting from fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/104—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
- B01D2253/302—Dimensions
- B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
- B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
- B01D2259/4145—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed arranged in series
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
- Y10T137/0396—Involving pressure control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
- Y10T137/86863—Rotary valve unit
Description
本明細書に、回転圧力スイング装置の実施形態、本発明による回転圧力スイング装置に使用するコンポーネント(例えば、シール組立体)の実施形態、および回転圧力スイング処理を実施する方法の実施形態を開示する。
図16および図17は、本発明回転圧力スイング装置の実施形態用に使用することに適する吸着素子の一実施形態を示す。図17Aに示すように、吸着要素200は、複数の吸着床を有する。例えば、一実施形態においては、第1放射状吸着体202、第2放射状吸着体204、第3放射状吸着体206、および第4放射状吸着体208を有する。第1放射状吸着体202、第2放射状吸着体204、第3放射状吸着体206、第4放射状吸着体208は、第1マンドレル210、第2マンドレル212、第3マンドレル216および第4マンドレル218のそれぞれに同心円状に巻回する積層シートである。随意的にスペーサを使用して、吸着体を離間させることができる。例えば、3個のエポキシ樹脂製スペーサクロス218は、第1放射状吸着体202と第2放射状吸着体204との間、第2放射状吸着体204と第3放射状吸着体206との間、および第3放射状吸着体206と第4放射状吸着体208との間のそれぞれに配置する。エポキシ樹脂性スペーサクロス218は、圧力変動の結果として生じる積層シートの軸線方向変位を防止することを助成する。吸着要素200は、第1放射状吸着体202に隣接する供給床コネクタ220、および第4放射状吸着体208に隣接する生成床コネクタ222を有する。
図18〜図21は、図9に示す上部シール組立体179の実施形態を示す。回転圧力スイング装置100では、上部シール組立体179は、上部固定子プレート168に取り付け、動作中は静止している。他の実施形態では、上部シール組立体179は、上部回転子端部プレート172に固定し、動作中は回転する。下部シール組立体180は、上部シール組立体179の構造に類似しているので、上部シール組立体のみ示し、その詳細を説明する。しかし、両組立体は、回転分配バルブの一部として機能して、圧力スイングサイクル中の適切な時期に種々の吸着要素に対するガスの授受を行い、またこれらガスの漏出に対する適切なシールを行う。回転子がシール組立体間で回転するとき、固定子および回転子における開孔が整列し、つぎに、整列から外ずれることで、バルブ作用を生ずる。
PSA処理は、1個のサイクル内に吸着要素に一連の段階で処理を施すことができる。上述したように、回転圧力スイング装置の回転子の各完全な一回転は、1回または1回以上の完全PSAサイクルの段階を通して、各吸着要素を遷移させることができる。1回のサイクルに含まれる段階は、処理目的にしたがって大きく変化する。さらに、段階の順番および段階の持続期間は、修正することもできる。本発明による回転圧力スイング装置の実施形態は、種々のサイクルに対応する。説明上、図1〜図15に示す実施形態に対応する1回のこのようなサイクルを以下に説明する。図1〜図15の圧力スイング装置100を、水素精製に使用すると、以下に記載するサイクルを使用して、約90%の精製物を生産することができる。
Claims (19)
- 吸着要素を有する回転子と、前記回転子に対してガスを供給する導管を有する固定子と、前記回転子と前記固定子の間に配置するシール組立体を備える回転バルブとを備える圧力スイング吸着装置の前記回転バルブに使用するためのシール組立体において、シール裏打ちと、前記シール裏打ちに対して移動可能な嵌合する浮動シールとを備え、前記シール裏打ちは、前記浮動シールに貫通する流通ポートに連通する複数の開孔を有し、前記浮動シールは、前記シール組立体に対して回転する前記回転子の隣接面に封止係合するよう、前記シール裏打ちに対向するシール面を有し、前記シール裏打ちおよび嵌合浮動シールは、前記浮動シールに封止圧力を加えて前記浮動シールを前記隣接面に向けて移動させることで前記シール面と前記隣接面の間を封止するため、前記圧力スイング吸着装置が処理する処理ガス、および前記処理ガス由来ではない活性化ガスのそれぞれを受けるよう、流体分離した処理ガスチャンバおよび活性化ガスチャンバを画定し、各処理ガスチャンバを、前記浮動シールを通る流通ポートに流体接続し、各活性化ガスチャンバを、活性化ガス源に流体接続したことを特徴とするシール組立体。
- 請求項1に記載の組立体において、前記浮動シールは、前記シール裏打ちと嵌合する部分において前記シール裏打ちに対して移動可能な方向に段差部を有し、前記シール裏打ちは、前記浮動シールの前記段差部を収容するための、少なくとも1個の段差付き孔を有することを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項2に記載の組立体において、前記処理ガスチャンバおよび前記活性化ガスチャンバは、前記段差付き孔の表面および前記浮動シールの前記段差部の表面により画定することを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項1に記載の組立体において、各活性ガスチャンバは、活性化ガスの外部供給源に流体接続可能としたことを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項4に記載の組立体において、活性化ガスチャンバは、全て相互に流体接続したことを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項5に記載の組立体において、さらに、前記シール裏打ちに開口する加圧ポートであって、活性化ガスチャンバに流体接続した、該加圧ポートを備える組立体。
- 請求項3に記載の組立体において、前記浮動シールを円形とし、前記段差部は、周方向に間隔をあけて配置する複数の突起であって、該突起間に間隙を有する突起に分割したことを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項7に記載の組立体において、さらに、前記シール裏打ちと前記浮動シールとの間に配置して、前記処理ガスチャンバおよび前記活性化ガスチャンバを流体隔離する複数のシールを設けた組立体。
- 請求項7に記載の組立体において、前記突起の少なくともいくつかは、異なる形状および異なる寸法を有することを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項9に記載の組立体において、前記シール裏打ちの前記段差付孔は、前記浮動シールの前記段差部における前記突起を収容するための複数の孔を備えることを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項9に記載の組立体において、各突起は、前記浮動シールの前記シール面に向かい合う処理ガスチャンバ表面および活性化ガスチャンバ表面を有することを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項11に記載の組立体において、突起における、前記処理ガスチャンバ表面の面積、および前記活性化ガスチャンバ表面の面積の合計が、対向する前記シール面の面積と等しくすることを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項11に記載の組立体において、前記処理ガスチャンバ表面の面積の、前記活性化ガスチャンバ表面の面積に対する比が、2個またはそれ以上の突起間で異なることを特徴とする組立体。
- 請求項1の前記シール組立体を備える回転バルブを備える圧力スイング吸着装置。
- 圧力スイング吸着装置内の回転バルブに封止を生ずるシール方法において、
固定子、回転子、および請求項1の前記シール組立体を備える回転バルブを備える圧力スイング吸着装置を設けるステップと、
加圧処理ガスを前記処理ガスチャンバ内に周期的に流すステップと、
前記シール組立体と前記回転子との間に圧力均衡化した封止を確立するのに適した圧力で、前記活性化ガスチャンバ内に活性化ガスを流すステップと、
を有する方法。 - 圧力スイング吸着装置の回転バルブに封止を行うシール方法において、固定子、回転子、および請求項11の前記シール組立体を備える回転バルブを備える圧力スイング吸着装置を設けるステップと、
前記圧力スイング吸着装置に使用する前記処理ガス圧力に基づいて、各突起に対する処理ガスチャンバ表面積および活性化ガスチャンバ表面積を選択するステップと、
前記処理ガスチャンバ内に加圧処理ガスを周期的に流すステップと、
前記シール組立体と前記回転子との間に圧力均衡化した封止を確立するのに適した圧力で、前記活性化ガスチャンバ内に活性化ガスを流すステップと、
を有する方法。 - 請求項16に記載の方法において、局所的な正味閉鎖圧を、前記シール面の幅にわたって、局所的な前記処理ガス圧の約10%となるように発生することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項16に記載の方法において、前記活性化ガスを、外部源から供給することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項16に記載の方法において、前記活性化ガスチャンバの全てが、同じ圧力で活性化ガスを受容することを特徴とする方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US88648607P | 2007-01-24 | 2007-01-24 | |
US60/886,486 | 2007-01-24 | ||
PCT/CA2008/000148 WO2008089564A1 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2008-01-23 | Gas separation device |
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JP2010516453A JP2010516453A (ja) | 2010-05-20 |
JP5066643B2 true JP5066643B2 (ja) | 2012-11-07 |
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JP2009546623A Active JP5066643B2 (ja) | 2007-01-24 | 2008-01-23 | ガス分離装置 |
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US (2) | US8262783B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2114555B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5066643B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2671476C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2654302T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008089564A1 (ja) |
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