JP5065397B2 - 組織中のコラーゲンの計量方法 - Google Patents
組織中のコラーゲンの計量方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5065397B2 JP5065397B2 JP2009529411A JP2009529411A JP5065397B2 JP 5065397 B2 JP5065397 B2 JP 5065397B2 JP 2009529411 A JP2009529411 A JP 2009529411A JP 2009529411 A JP2009529411 A JP 2009529411A JP 5065397 B2 JP5065397 B2 JP 5065397B2
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- hydroxyproline
- proline
- glycine
- collagen
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6887—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids from muscle, cartilage or connective tissue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/16—Injection
- G01N30/22—Injection in high pressure liquid systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
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Description
本発明は、組織中のコラーゲン含量を測定する方法に関する。特に、HPLC技術を用いたコラーゲン含量の測定に関する。特定の態様では、本発明は、創傷治癒におけるコラーゲン含量の測定に関する。
コラーゲン蛋白質は、主としてヒドロキシプロリン(Hyp)、グリシン(Gly)、及びプロリン(Pro)からなる繰り返しのアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド鎖から構成される。コラーゲンは、人体から見出されている最も主要なタンパク質の1つであり、正常な(非創傷)皮膚組織の皮層中の細胞外マトリックスの約80〜85%を含む。コラーゲンのユニークな特性が、正常な皮膚組織に、引張強度、完全性(統合性)、及び構造を提供していることを示す証拠がある〔非特許文献1〕。引張強度の生成は、良好な創傷治療の重要な要素であり、コラーゲンが引張強度の生成に関与する主要なタンパク質であるため、正確なコラーゲン測定によって、良好な創傷治療の予測し得る。
を用いて、計算し、(ここで、bはy切片であり、mは標準直線の勾配である);(e)組織中のグリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの各濃度を式:
を用いて計算する。
を用いて、相互に関連付ける。ここで、Cは、コラーゲン中のグリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの百分率(%)の和である。「C」の値は、この技術分野で報告されており、コラーゲンタイプで変化することがある。限定されない例では、「C」は、0.55である。
例えば、外科手術によって、正常皮膚の完全性がくずれた場合、順調な急性創傷の治癒は、4つの公知の相を通して系統的な進行に従っている。これらの相は、うっ血、炎症、増殖、及び再構築又は化膿である。うっ血及び初期の炎症相の間、血管収縮因子が放出され、毛細血管の収縮をもたらし、血小板と炎症性細胞を創傷床へ移動させる。炎症相の間は、創傷を安定化させる好中球が放出される〔非特許文献7〕。2、3日以内にマクロファージが創傷に入り込む。これらのマクロファージは、好中球と損傷されたマトリックスの除去に関与する〔非特許文献8〕。創傷は、次に、線維芽細胞及びケラチノサイトの創傷への移動を伴う増殖相に入る。肉芽組織形成に必要なコラーゲンやその他の細胞外−細胞マトリックスタンパク質を生産するのは、線維芽細胞である。肉芽組織は、典型的には、創傷ベースから成長する分散した線維性結合組織である。創傷治癒の経過中、コラーゲン分子は、創傷部位へ細胞遊走を促進するコラーゲン−フィブリンマトリックスを形成する。
コラーゲン分子、又は「トロポコラーゲン」サブユニットは、約300nm長で、1.5nmの径をもつ棒状である。それらは、3つのポリペプチド鎖でつくられており、それらの各々は左巻らせんであり、一緒にねじれて右巻らせんのコイルドコイル構造になっている。トロポコラーゲンサブユニットは、自然発生的に自己集合し、らせん内及びらせん間には、共有結合架橋が存在する。コラーゲン原線維(膠原線維)はコラーゲン分子を束ねており、コラーゲン線維は原線維の束である。コラーゲンサブユニットのアミノ酸配列は、全く独特である。Gly−X−Pro又はGly−X−Hypのパターンが一般的であり、ここで、Xが様々なその他のアミノ酸残基をとり得、特異的な配列Gly−Pro−Hypがたびたび生じる。
ここで、bはy切片であり、mはリニア曲線に基づく勾配である、により決定することができる。次に、湿組織(μg/mg)のサンプル当たりの濃度をサンプル重量、希釈係数、及び最終サンプル容量(mL)を考慮して、各アミノ酸毎に計算する。
である。
順相(通常)、逆相、イオン交換、及びバイオアフィニティなどの相の材質に基づいて多くの特異性あるタイプのHPLCがある。例えば、逆相HPLCは、非極性の固定相と水性で適度な極性の移動相から構成され、極性溶離液、相対的に非極性の検体、及び非極性の固定相の間で、斥力から生じる疎水性相互作用の原理に基づき作用する。相対的には、イオン交換クロマトグラフィは、溶質イオンと固定相に結合した電荷部位との間の誘引力に頼っている。同一の荷電のイオンは、排除される。アジレントテクノロジ社(Agilent Technologies)、日立(Hitachi)、及びウォーターズ(Waters Cooperation)などの数社が、商業上市販されているHPLC機器とその装備品を製造している。
以下の実施例は、本発明の好ましい態様を示すものである。実施例に開示した技術は、本発明者によって発見された技術を表わし、本発明の実施をうまく機能させており、したがって、その好ましい実施形態を構成するものと考慮できることが当業者に理解されよう。しかし、当業者は、本開示を鑑みて、本発明の思想および範囲を逸脱することなく、開示された具体的な実施態様に多くの変更を加え、なおも、同様な成果を得ることができることは自明である。
20匹の家畜ブタ(学名 Sus scrofa)に、全層、直径5cmの切除創傷を背部に作った。創傷形成中にメダル状に取離した円形の皮膚を、−80℃の液体窒素中に突然入れて、コラーゲン分析に用いるまで凍結させた。これらのメダル状の皮膚を、正常で、無傷の皮膚サンプルとした。創傷は、デュオデルム(Duoderm)(商標)(親水コロイド被覆材)を付け、ドレッシング(包帯)は週3度交換した。傷つけてから9日後、動物を安楽死させ、メダル状の肉芽組織を取り出し、コラーゲン分析まで、−80℃で凍結した。これらのメダル状のものを、初期の治癒組織のサンプルとした。
全ての濾過したサンプルは、2996光ダイオ−ドアレイ検出器とデータプロセス用Empowerソフトウエアを装備したウォーターズアライアンス(Waters Aliance)(登録商標)2695HPLCシステムで分析した。全コラーゲンの測定のために、ヒドロキシプロリン、グリシン、及びプロリンを、436nmで測定した。この逆相HPLC法は、調整済みのPhenomenex、Gemini(商標)Cl8 15O x4.6mm及び3ミクロン粒子サイズカラムを用いた。全てのサンプルは、予め混合し予めろ過した70%の25mMリン酸カリウム、pH11.0緩衝液及び30%のアセトニトリルの移動相を均一濃度の状態で流した。各注入は、室温で、0.5ml/分の流速で45分間続けた。ヒドロキシプロリン、グリシン、及びプロリンのピーク全てが、25.0分で溶出した。26分から45分の間の時間に、次の使用前にカラムを洗浄して、平衡化した。
検証は完全であり、この方法が正確で特異的で信頼性のあることを示した。この方法を試験し、外部標準液が、ヒドロキシプロリン、グリシン及びプロリンの0.75〜24μg/mLの範囲で直線性を示すことを実証した(図1)。ヒドロキシプロリン、グリシン及びプロリンの直線性相関係数(r2値)は、各々、0.999±0.001、0.999±0.002、0.999±0.001であった。この方法がヒドロキシプロリン、グリシン、及びプロリンを検出できる最低濃度は、順に、0.12、0.06及び0.12μg/mLであり、3:1の信号対ノイズ比で、これらの値を計算した。この方法で各標準液を定量することができる最低濃度は、ヒドロキシプロリンの0.24μg/mL、グリシンの0.12μg/mL、及びプロリンの0.24μg/mLである。これらの値は、信号対ノイズ比4:1の平均ピーク比、及び、7.13の平均百分率相対標準偏差(%RSD)を用いて計算した。
このHPLC法は、ヒドロキシプロリンとその誘導体の溶出時間が接近しているため、注意深く最適化する必要がある。この処理中にさまざまなカラムで試験し、広いpHレンジをもつGemini C18カラムを用いて最良の結果が得られた。この方法は、非特許文献10に記載のUSPガイドラインに基づいて立証された。直線性の検討からの相関係数値(r2)は、全ての分析試験が0.75及び24μg/mLの間で直線性であったことを示す。スパイキングスタディからの回収が、この方法が正確であり、混乱させるバイアスが見つからないことを示した。方法の精度は、この試験の各場合にRSDが3%以下という精度の結果をもたらしたことにより示された。この方法の正確性/再現性は、3つの異なる場合で15%以下のRSDをもたらし、全体で20%以下であることにより示された。
以下の参考文献が、本書の説明を補助する典型的な手続に関する又は他の詳細を与える限りにおいて、参照することにより本書に明確に取り込まれている。
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Claims (16)
- 創傷治癒の進行を評価する方法において:
(a)(i)組織サンプルから脂肪を除去するステップと;
(ii)前記組織サンプルを脱水するステップと;
(iii)前記組織サンプルをアミノ酸に加水分解するステップと;
(iv)前記組織サンプルを誘導化するステップと;
を具える方法により、対象の創傷部位から得た組織サンプルを処理するステップと;
(b)前記処理した組織サンプル中のグリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンを高圧液体クロマトグラフィにより分離して、検体ピーク面積を得るステップと;
(c)該組織中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの濃度を決定するステップと;
(d)前記組織中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの濃度を前記組織中の全コラーゲン量と相関させるステップと;
(e)前記創傷部位から得た前記組織中の全コラーゲン量を、非創傷組織中のコラーゲン量と比較して、創傷治癒進行を評価するステップと;
を具える方法。 - 前記組織が、皮膚である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組織が、肉芽を形成したものである請求項1に記載の方法。
- ステップ(a)から(e)が、少なくとも一度反復され、各反復について、前記組織サンプルが同一対象の同一創傷部位から得たものである請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(a)から(e)が、約第3日乃至約第2年間の期間中で少なくとも一度反復される請求項4に記載の方法。
- 最初の反復における前記組織中の前記全コラーゲン量を、一又はそれ以上の続く反復における前記組織中の前記全コラーゲン量と比較するステップを更に具える請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、ほ乳類である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ほ乳類が、ヒトである請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記高圧液体クロマトグラフィが、C18カラムで実行される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記C18カラムが、約1から約12のpH領域である請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記高圧液体クロマトグラフィ中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの溶出が、光ダイオードアレイ検出器により436nmで測定される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記高圧液体クロマトグラフィが、逆相高圧液体クロマトグラフィである請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記高圧液体クロマトグラフィが、pH11.0の70%の25mMリン酸カリウム緩衝液、及び30%のアセトニトリルの移動相を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組織中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの濃度を決定するステップが:
(a)グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの既知の濃度を用いて、高圧液体クロマトグラフィによりサンプル中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンを分離するステップと;
(b)グラフx軸上にグリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの前記既知の濃度を、当該グラフy軸上に検体ピーク面積を表示して、直線性の標準曲線を作成するステップと;
(c)前記処理した組織サンプル中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの各前記濃度を、式:
ここで、bは、前記y軸切片、mは、前記直線性検量線の前記勾配である、
を用いて、計算するステップと;
(d)前記組織中の前記グリシン、プロリン、及びヒドロキシプロリンの各前記濃度を、式:
を用いて計算するステップと;
を具える請求項1に記載の方法。 - Cが、0.55に等しい請求項15に記載の方法。
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2007
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- 2007-09-21 KR KR1020097008079A patent/KR20090068265A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-09-21 WO PCT/US2007/079153 patent/WO2008036891A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-09-21 JP JP2009529411A patent/JP5065397B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-09-21 CA CA2664005A patent/CA2664005C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-09-21 EP EP07814966A patent/EP2061898B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-09-21 BR BRPI0715287-6A2A patent/BRPI0715287A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-09-21 AU AU2007299680A patent/AU2007299680B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-09-21 RU RU2009109113/15A patent/RU2452956C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-09-21 MX MX2009003112A patent/MX2009003112A/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2009-04-08 NO NO20091433A patent/NO20091433L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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| EP2061898A4 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
| MX2009003112A (es) | 2009-04-06 |
| CA2664005A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| WO2008036891A3 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
| CA2664005C (en) | 2012-05-22 |
| RU2452956C2 (ru) | 2012-06-10 |
| BRPI0715287A2 (pt) | 2014-11-18 |
| AU2007299680A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| AU2007299680B2 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
| NO20091433L (no) | 2009-04-08 |
| US7713743B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 |
| WO2008036891A2 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| IL197650A0 (en) | 2011-08-01 |
| US20080076112A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| JP2010504533A (ja) | 2010-02-12 |
| RU2009109113A (ru) | 2010-11-10 |
| EP2061898A2 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| US7491541B2 (en) | 2009-02-17 |
| KR20090068265A (ko) | 2009-06-25 |
| US20090142799A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| EP2061898B1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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