JP5048260B2 - Telescopic boom telescopic mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a telescopic mechanism for extending and retracting a boom stage constituting a multistage telescopic boom by a single extension cylinder.

As a telescopic mechanism for a multi-stage telescopic boom of a mobile crane, an telescopic mechanism for extending and retracting a boom stage to be expanded and contracted by a single telescopic cylinder has been put into practical use (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Since this telescopic mechanism has one telescopic cylinder, it has an advantage that the entire telescopic mechanism can be reduced in weight.

In this telescopic mechanism, one telescopic cylinder is built in the telescopic boom, and its rod end is pivotally supported by the base boom base end. And as a unique configuration of this telescopic mechanism,
Boom connecting means, boom fixing means and fixing pin driving means are provided.

The cylinder / boom coupling means is arranged at the rod side end of the cylinder tube of the telescopic cylinder, and the boom selected by advancing and retreating the coupling pin built in toward the coupling hole of the base end of the target boom stage It can be connected to and released from the steps.

The inter-boom fixing means is disposed at an inner boom base end portion of adjacent booms, and fixes the adjacent booms by advancing and retracting a fixing pin built in toward a fixing hole provided at an appropriate position of the outer boom. It can be released.

The fixed pin driving means is arranged at the cylinder tube rod side end of the telescopic cylinder and acts on the inner end of the fixed pin at the target boom base end to drive the fixed pin forward and backward.

Then, a cylinder / boom connecting step for connecting the telescopic cylinder and the target boom base end by the cylinder / boom connecting means, and fixing of the target boom and the outer boom by the fixing means between the booms by the fixing pin driving means. An unlocking process between the booms to be released, an objective boom extending / contracting process for extending and retracting the target boom by the telescopic cylinder, and an inter-boom fixing process for fixing the target boom and the outer boom by the fixing means between the booms by the fixing pin driving unit; A cylinder / boom connection releasing process for releasing the connection between the telescopic cylinder and the target boom base end by the cylinder / boom connecting means; and an extendable cylinder extending / contracting process in which the extendable cylinder expands and contracts to the next target boom base end. The telescopic boom is expanded and contracted by repeating a process consisting of.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the working pressure when the telescopic cylinder in the telescopic mechanism is extended and the working pressure leading to buckling. The broken line 1 is a plot of the extension working pressure that changes depending on the extension stage when only the boom is extended. As can be seen, the extension working pressure is 20 kgf / cm 2 for the top boom, but is increased to 80 kgf / cm 2 for the second boom. The broken line 2 is a plot of the extension working pressure that changes depending on the extension stage when the jib is attached to the tip of the boom for extension. In this case, the top boom is 60 kgf / cm 2, but the second boom is up to 150 kgf / cm 2. Further, the broken line 3 is a plot of the working pressure when the rod buckles with the telescopic cylinder fully extended for each extension stage. The top boom is 160 kgf / cm2, while the second boom is up to 200 kgf / cm2.

FIG. 5 illustrates the state of the telescopic cylinder 5 when the top boom 4 is fully extended. Since the telescopic cylinder 5 extends only the top boom 4, the load that must be pushed up is small. For this reason, the operating pressure of the top boom may be low as described above. On the other hand, FIG. 6 illustrates the state of the telescopic cylinder 5 when the second boom 6 is fully extended. The telescopic cylinder 5 must push up not only the second boom 6 but also the third boom 7, the force boom 8, the fifth boom 9, and the top boom 4 at a time, and the load is large. For this reason, as described above, the operating pressure of the second boom is higher than that of the top boom. In addition, when a jib is attached to the top boom tip,
When extending all boom stages, the weight of the jib must be raised at the same time. Therefore, the operating pressure when the jib is mounted is higher than the operating pressure of only the boom at all the extension stages.

The dimension ST shown in FIG. 5 is the expansion / contraction stroke of the top boom 4, and the dimension L <b> 1 is the distance between the boom base end connecting hole of the top boom 4 and the rod end of the expansion / contraction cylinder 5 when fully contracted. The dimension LT is the rod length when the telescopic cylinder is fully extended. The dimension ST shown in FIG. 6 is the extension stroke of the second boom 6 and is the same as the extension stroke of the top boom. The dimension L2 is the distance between the boom base end connecting hole of the second boom 6 and the rod end of the telescopic cylinder 5 when fully reduced. The dimension LS is the rod length when the telescopic cylinder is fully extended. Since L1> L2, the rod length during full extension is LT> LS. Therefore, the operating pressure that causes the rod to buckle when the top boom is fully extended is lower than in the case of the second boom.
JP 2003-2583 A (page 3-8, FIG. 4)

However, the conventional telescopic mechanism using one telescopic cylinder, including the telescopic mechanism described in Patent Document 1, has a relief set pressure when the telescopic cylinder is extended regardless of the boom stage to which the cylinder / boom coupling means is coupled. Was constant.

The extension side oilway relief set pressure was selected to be slightly higher than the working pressure of the second boom with the jib that requires the highest operating pressure. For this reason, an unnecessarily high relief set pressure was required when the top boom was extended. Furthermore, a rod that can withstand buckling was selected based on the relief set pressure and the longest rod length when the top boom was fully extended.

In crane work, a large compressive force acts in the direction of contraction of the telescopic boom due to the suspended load.
In a telescopic mechanism using a telescopic cylinder, the compression force is transmitted between boom stages via the boom fixing means. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the compressive force generated by the suspended load when designing the telescopic cylinder.

For this reason, since it was a rod having a buckling strength to meet the above conditions (a rod having a required secondary moment of inertia), the weight of the rod was increased, which hindered the weight reduction of the expansion / contraction mechanism.

Therefore, in the present invention, it is noted that in the telescopic mechanism using one telescopic cylinder, the operating pressure when extending the boom stage on the distal end side is lower than the operating pressure when extending the boom stage on the proximal end side. In addition, the hydraulic pressure supply means of the expansion / contraction cylinder is intended to provide an expansion / contraction mechanism that can be reduced in weight by changing the expansion side relief set pressure according to the expansion / contraction step.

The telescopic mechanism of the telescopic boom of the present application includes a multi-stage telescopic boom in which a plurality of booms are sequentially inserted and retracted in a base boom, and a single telescopic boom that is built in the telescopic boom and attached to the base boom. A cylinder, a hydraulic pressure supply means for supplying hydraulic oil for driving the telescopic cylinder to the telescopic cylinder, a cylinder / boom coupling means capable of coupling / releasing the telescopic cylinder and a boom that expands and contracts among the multistage booms, and the multistage A boom-fixing means that can fix and release booms adjacent to each other, and a boom that expands and contracts among the multi-stage booms while the cylinder-boom connecting means is connected when the boom is expanded and contracted by the telescopic cylinder. And releasing the inter-boom fixing means between the boom that expands and contracts and the boom that does not expand and contract adjacently, and expands and contracts the telescopic cylinder Expansion and contraction of the boom by and,
When extending and retracting the telescopic cylinder alone, release the cylinder / boom coupling means with the boom-to-boom fixing means fixed, and expand and contract the telescopic cylinder to combine the expansion and contraction of the boom and the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder alone. A telescopic boom extending and retracting mechanism for expanding and contracting the entire multi-stage boom, comprising boom stage detecting means for detecting the boom stage to which the boom connected by the cylinder / boom coupling means is located. ,
The hydraulic pressure supply means includes extension side oil passage relief set pressure changing means for changing the extension side oil passage relief set pressure in accordance with a signal from the boom stage detection means, and is based on the number of boom stages detected by the boom stage detection means. Thus, the relief set pressure when the boom stage number of the multistage boom is on the distal end side is changed to be lower than the relief set pressure when the boom stage number is on the proximal end side.

In the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic boom according to the present invention, the relief set pressure when the telescopic cylinder extends the distal boom stage is lower than the relief set pressure when the telescopic cylinder extends the proximal boom stage. Therefore, the compression load acting on the rod when the top boom extends when the rod length at the time of full extension is the maximum and buckling is a problem can be made smaller than the conventional value. Therefore, the cross-sectional second moment of the rod, which is a determining factor of the buckling strength, can be made smaller than the conventional one. That is, if the rod diameter is the same, the thickness can be reduced, and if the thickness is the same, the rod diameter can be reduced. As a result, the cross-sectional area of the rod becomes smaller and the weight of the rod becomes smaller than the conventional one. Thus, weight reduction of the expansion / contraction mechanism can be achieved.

In addition, the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic boom of the present invention is changed so that the relief set pressure becomes low as the extension rod length of the telescopic cylinder increases, so that the rod length causing the buckling of the rod becomes a problem. The compression load in a large state becomes small, and the weight of the rod can be made smaller than the conventional one.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a telescopic mechanism of a telescopic boom 10 using one telescopic cylinder 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The telescopic boom 10 has a second boom 6, a third boom 7, a force boom 8, a fifth boom 9, and a top boom 4 inserted into a base boom 11 in such a manner that they can be expanded and contracted in sequence. The telescopic boom 10 includes a single telescopic cylinder 5, and the telescopic cylinder 5 has a rod end 12 pivotally supported by a pin 13 on a base boom base end 11 a.

14 is arranged at the cylinder tube rod side end 15 of the telescopic cylinder, and is connected to and released from the target boom base end by moving the connecting pin 52 built in toward the connection hole 51 at the base end of the target boom. Possible cylinder / boom coupling means.

Reference numeral 16 denotes an inter-boom fixing means for the second boom disposed at the second boom base end portion 6 a that is an inner boom of the adjacent second boom 6 and the base boom 11. The boom-to-boom fixing means 16 of the second boom is moved forward and backward by fixing pins built in toward a plurality of fixing holes provided at appropriate positions in the longitudinal direction of the base boom 11 that is the outer boom, so that the adjacent second boom 6 and the base boom 11 are connected to each other. Can be fixed and released.

Similarly, 17 is an inter-boom fixing means for the third boom 7, 18 is an inter-boom fixing means for the force boom 8, 19 is an inter-boom fixing means for the fifth boom 9, and 20 is an inter-boom fixing means for the top boom 4.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a fixed pin driving means which is disposed at the cylinder tube rod side end 15 of the telescopic cylinder 5 and acts on the inner end of the target boom base end fixed pin to drive the fixed pin forward and backward.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a connecting boom stage detecting means for detecting the boom stage to which the cylinder / boom connecting means 14 is connected. The connecting boom stage detection means 26 arranges detection pieces at the second boom base end 6a to the top boom base end 4a, respectively, and the cylinder tube rod side end 1 of the telescopic cylinder.
The boom stage in which the cylinder / boom coupling means 14 is in the coupled state is detected by the detector (proximity switch) disposed in FIG.

Reference numeral 27 denotes rod extension length detection means disposed at the base boom base end portion 11a. The rod extension length detecting means 27 is composed of a length detector in which a cord winder and a potentiometer for detecting the number of rotations of its rotating shaft are integrated, and the cord 28 fed from the cord winder is expanded and contracted. It is connected to the cylinder tube rod side end of the cylinder.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating the hydraulic pressure supply means 30 of the telescopic mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 31 denotes an expansion / contraction switching valve which switches supply of hydraulic pressure from the pump 32 to the expansion / contraction cylinder 5. The expansion / contraction switching valve 31 is switched by the pilot pressure from the expansion side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 34 and the reduction side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 35 for controlling the pilot hydraulic pressure from the pilot hydraulic pressure source 33. Reference numeral 36 denotes an extension side oil passage that connects the extension side oil chamber 37 of the extension cylinder and the outlet port of the extension switching valve 31. Reference numeral 38 denotes a counter balance valve interposed in the extension side oil passage 36. Reference numeral 39 denotes a reduction-side oil passage that connects the reduction-side oil chamber 40 of the expansion / contraction cylinder and the outlet port of the expansion / contraction switching valve 31.

Reference numeral 41 denotes an extension side oil passage port relief valve interposed between the extension side oil passage 36 and the tank 43, and reference numeral 42 denotes a reduction side oil passage interposed between the reduction side oil passage 39 and the tank 43. It is a port relief valve. 44 is an extension side oil passage relief set pressure changing means connected to the two-position switching valve 45 interposed in the vent oil passage 48 of the extension-side oil passage port relief valve 41 and the two-position switching valve 45. The first relief valve 46 and the second relief valve 47 are configured. The relief set pressure of the first relief valve 46 is 140 kgf / cm 2, and the relief set pressure of the second relief valve 46 is 170 kgf / cm 2.

Reference numeral 50 denotes expansion / contraction operation means, which is an operation means for an operator of the mobile crane to perform expansion / contraction operation of the expansion / contraction boom. Reference numeral 26 denotes a connecting boom stage detecting means whose specific configuration has already been described with reference to FIG. Signals from the expansion / contraction operation means 50 and the connecting boom stage detection means 26 are input to the controller 50, and the controller supplies the above-described two-position switching valve 45 of the extension side oil passage relief set pressure changing means, the extension side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 34, An operation signal is output to the reduction-side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 35.

The operation of the telescopic mechanism described above is as follows. When an expansion operation signal is output by the expansion / contraction operation means 50, an operation signal is output from the controller 51 to the expansion side electromagnetic proportional pressure reducing valve 34, and the expansion / contraction switching valve 31 is switched to the expansion side. At this time, when the telescopic cylinder 5 extends the top boom 4 or the fifth boom 9 which is the boom stage on the distal end side by the signal from the connecting boom stage detecting means 26, the two-position switching valve 45 is connected to the vent oil passage 48. The first relief valve 46 is connected. On the other hand, when the telescopic cylinder 5 extends the force boom 8, the third boom 7 or the second boom 6 as the boom stage on the base end side, the two-position switching valve 45 is used.
Connects the second relief valve 47 to the vent oil passage 48.

The bar graph 22 shown in FIG. 4 represents the relief set pressure of each extension stage. As is clear from FIG. 4, the relief set pressure is set lower than the operating pressure at which the rod 21 buckles when the telescopic cylinder 5 is fully extended (the broken line 3), so there is no risk of the rod buckling. on the other hand,
Since the relief set pressure (bar graph 22) is set higher than the extension operating pressure (polygonal line 2) that changes depending on the extension stage when the jib is attached to the tip of the boom and extended, there is no problem with the expected expansion and contraction operation. It can be carried out.

As described above, the extension / contraction mechanism of the present invention can set the relief set pressure that changes according to the change tendency between the operating pressure that changes depending on the extension stage and the operating pressure that buckles. Thereby, the compression load which acts on the rod at the time of the extension | expansion of the top boom which has the largest rod length at the time of full extension | extension, and buckling becomes a problem can be designed with a value smaller than before. Therefore, the buckling strength is advantageous, and the weight of the telescopic cylinder can be reduced.

Further, the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic boom according to the present invention provides the extension side oil passage relief set pressure changing means, the extension side oil passage port relief valve, the two-position switching valve, the first relief valve and the second relief valve that are easily available. Since the valve is used, the extension side oil passage relief set pressure can be changed in two stages at a low cost with a relatively simple device.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for explaining the hydraulic pressure supply means 30 of the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic boom according to the second embodiment. Description of parts common to the hydraulic circuit according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be omitted, and different parts will be described below. Reference numeral 27 denotes rod extension length detecting means whose structure has been described with reference to FIG. 1, and the detection signal is input to the controller 51. Reference numeral 44 denotes an extension-side oil passage relief set pressure changing means. In this embodiment, an electromagnetic proportional relief valve 50 is used. The electromagnetic proportional relief valve 5 is connected to the vent oil passage 48 of the extension side oil passage port relief valve 41.
0 is installed. An operation signal is output from the controller 51 to the electromagnetic proportional relief valve 50. The controller 51 stores a relief set pressure that becomes a low pressure as the rod extension length increases. The relief set pressure is the operating pressure when the jib shown in FIG.
A value higher than the polygonal line 2) and lower than the relief set pressure (polygonal line 3) at which the rod 21 buckles when the telescopic cylinder 5 is fully extended is set continuously or stepwise in relation to the rod length. .

The operation of the telescopic mechanism according to the second embodiment described above is as follows. When the telescopic cylinder 5 is extended and the rod extension length is increased, the controller reads the relief set pressure corresponding to the stored rod length and outputs it to the electromagnetic proportional relief valve 50. This
It is possible to design the compressive load acting on the rod when the top boom is extended, which has the maximum rod length when fully extended and buckling is a problem, with a smaller value than before. Therefore, the buckling strength is advantageous, and the weight of the telescopic cylinder can be reduced.

It is sectional drawing of the expansion-contraction mechanism using the one expansion-contraction cylinder 5 which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram explaining the hydraulic pressure supply means 30 of the telescopic mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram explaining the hydraulic pressure supply means 30 of the expansion-contraction mechanism of the expansion-contraction boom which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. An example of the operating pressure when the telescopic cylinder extends is illustrated. The state of the telescopic cylinder 5 when the top boom 4 is fully extended is illustrated. The state of the telescopic cylinder 5 when the second boom 6 is fully extended is illustrated.

4: Top boom 5: Telescopic cylinder 10: Telescopic boom 11: Base boom 12: Rod end 14: Cylinder / boom connecting means 15: Cylinder tube rod side end parts 16-20: Boom fixing means 25: Fixing pin driving means 26: Connection boom stage detection means 27: Rod extension length detection means 41: Extension side oil passage port relief valve 44: Extension side oil passage relief set pressure changing means 45: Two-position switching valve 46: First relief valve 47: First 2 Relief valve 48: Vent oil passage

Claims (1)

A multi-stage telescopic boom in which a plurality of booms are sequentially inserted into the base boom in a telescopic manner;
One telescopic cylinder that is mounted on the base boom and is mounted on the telescopic boom;
Hydraulic supply means for supplying hydraulic oil for driving the telescopic cylinder to the telescopic cylinder;
A cylinder / boom coupling means capable of coupling / releasing the telescopic cylinder and a boom that expands and contracts among the multistage booms;
An inter-boom fixing means capable of fixing and releasing adjacent booms of the multistage telescopic boom;
When the boom is expanded and contracted by the telescopic cylinder, the boom-to-boom fixing means between the boom that expands and contracts among the multistage booms and the boom that does not expand and contract adjacent to the extendable boom is released while the cylinder and boom connecting means are connected. And extend and retract the boom by expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder,
When extending and retracting the telescopic cylinder alone, release the cylinder / boom coupling means with the boom-to-boom fixing means fixed, and expand and contract the telescopic cylinder.
A telescopic boom telescopic mechanism that expands and contracts the entire multistage boom by combining the expansion and contraction of the boom and the telescopic cylinder alone.
A boom stage detecting means for detecting which boom stage the boom to which the cylinder / boom coupling means is coupled is;
The hydraulic pressure supply means includes extension side oil passage relief set pressure changing means for changing the extension side oil passage relief set pressure in accordance with a signal from the boom stage detection means, and is based on the number of boom stages detected by the boom stage detection means. When the number of boom stages of the multi-stage boom is on the distal end side, the relief set pressure is the number of boom stages on the proximal end side.
A telescopic boom telescopic mechanism, characterized in that the telescopic boom is changed to a pressure lower than the relief set pressure .

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