JP5013640B2 - Liquid crystal composition - Google Patents
Liquid crystal composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP5013640B2 JP5013640B2 JP2001271550A JP2001271550A JP5013640B2 JP 5013640 B2 JP5013640 B2 JP 5013640B2 JP 2001271550 A JP2001271550 A JP 2001271550A JP 2001271550 A JP2001271550 A JP 2001271550A JP 5013640 B2 JP5013640 B2 JP 5013640B2
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- liquid crystal
- general formula
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- 0 CCCC(*)CCCc(cc1)ccc1C#Cc1c(CC**)cc(*O*)cc1 Chemical compound CCCC(*)CCCc(cc1)ccc1C#Cc1c(CC**)cc(*O*)cc1 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、液晶表示素子に用いられる液晶組成物に関し、詳しくは特定の3環化合物と特定のトラン化合物を含有してなり、低粘度でかつ高NI点を有し、低温での安定性に優れた液晶組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
液晶化合物の特性である光学(屈折率)異方性(Δn)や誘電率異方性(Δε)を利用した液晶表示素子はこれまで多数作られており、時計を始め電卓、各種測定機器、自動車用パネル、ワープロ、電子手帳、携帯電話、プリンタ−、コンピュ−タ−、テレビ等に広く利用され、需要も年々高くなってきている。液晶化合物には個体相と液体相の中間に位置する固有の液晶相があり、その相形態はネマチック相、スメクチック相及びコレステリック相に大別されるが、そのうち表示素子用にはネマチック相が現在最も広く利用されている。また、液晶表示に応用されている方式のうち、表示方式としてはこれまでに多数のものが提案されており、例えば動的散乱型(DS型)、ゲスト・ホスト型(GH型)、ねじれネマチック型(TN型)、超ねじれネマチック型(STN型)、薄膜トランジスター型(TFT型)及び強誘電性液晶(FLC)等が知られており、駆動方式としてはスタティック駆動方式、時分割駆動方式、アクティブマトリックス駆動方式及び2周波駆動方式等が知られている。
【0003】
上記の表示方式の中でも、近年は特にSTN型方式のものが、表示性能が高い上に製造コストが低いといった経済上の利点からパーソナルコンピューター等のディスプレイ用として多く使用されている。しかし、このSTN方式のものにあっても、表示素子自体の高性能化に伴って種々の特性が要求されており、要求特性としては次のようなものがある。
(1)液晶の化学的安定性が大きいこと。
(2)室温を含む広い温度範囲で液晶相を示すこと。
(3)広い温度範囲で応答性が良いこと。
(4)駆動回路との整合性が良いこと。
(5)光学的異方性が光学的要請にかなった値であること。
【0004】
このような特性を全て満足する単一の液晶化合物は現在のところ知られておらず、数種類の液晶化合物等を混合した液晶組成物として上記の諸物性を満足させようとしているのが現状である。
【0005】
この液晶組成物の調製に用いられる液晶化合物としては、アルキル又はアルコキシ安息香酸のフェニルエステル、アルキルシクロヘキシルカルボン酸のフェニルエステル化合物、アルキルシクロヘキシルカルボン酸のフェニルエステル化合物、芳香族ニトリル化合物、アルキルシクロヘキサンカルボン酸等の極めて多数の化合物が知られている。
【0006】
例えば、特開昭63−61083号公報、特開平2−86689号公報、特開平2−274794号公報等には、3,4−ジフッ素フェニル基含有の2〜3環化合物が提案されているが、これらの化合物を使用することで高いNI点を与えることが可能となるが、低温での保存性が悪い等の問題点があり、実用上は満足できるものではなかった。また、特開2000−26851号公報には、4−(4−アルキルシクロヘキシル)−4’−アルコキシエチルトランが提案されているが、これが液晶組成物の低温における安定性を改善することに関しては記載されていない。
【0007】
従って、本発明の目的は、STN型に有用な低粘度、低電圧駆動でかつ急峻性に優れ、低温保存にも優れた液晶組成物を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、特定の構造を持つ3環化合物と特定のトラン化合物を必須成分として含有する液晶組成物が、上記目的を達成し得ることを知見した。
【0009】
本発明は、上記知見に基づきなされたもので、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物の少なくとも一種及び下記一般式(2)で表される化合物の少なくとも一種を必須成分として含有し、全液晶組成物100重量部中、一般式(1)で表される化合物の含有量が1〜50重量部であり、一般式(2)で表される化合物の含有量が1〜50重量部である液晶組成物を提供するものである。
【0010】
【化4】
【0011】
【化5】
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の液晶組成物について詳述する。
【0013】
本発明の必須の液晶化合物である上記一般式(1)及び(2)において、式中のR1、R2及びR3で示す炭素数1〜10の直鎖のアルキル基としては、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル等の直鎖のアルキル基が挙げられ、特に炭素数が1〜7の直鎖のアルキル基が好ましい。
【0014】
本発明の上記一般式(1)として表される化合物の具体例としては、下記の化合物1−1〜1−3等が挙げられるが、これらの化合物に限定されるものではない。尚、下記の化合物1−4〜1−6は参考化合物である。
【0015】
【化6】
【0016】
【化7】
【0017】
【化8】
【0018】
【化9】
【0019】
【化10】
【0020】
【化11】
【0021】
また、本発明の上記一般式(2)として表される化合物の具体例としては、下記化合物No.2−1及び化合物No.2−2等が挙げられるが、これらの化合物に限定される
ものではない。
【0022】
【化12】
【0023】
【化13】
【0024】
本発明の液晶組成物は、上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物を必須の成分とするものであるが、さらに下記一般式(3)で表される化合物を組合せて用いることによって、本発明の効果はより優れたものになるため好ましい。
【0025】
【化14】
【0026】
これらの上記一般式(3)として表される化合物の具体例としては、下記各化合物等が挙げられるが、これらの化合物に限定されるものではない。
【0027】
【化15】
【0028】
【化16】
【0029】
【化17】
【0030】
【化18】
【0031】
【化19】
【0032】
【化20】
【0033】
【化21】
【0034】
【化22】
【0035】
【化23】
【0036】
本発明の液晶組成物は、上記一般式(1)で表される化合物及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物を必須成分とし、さらに上記一般式(3)で表される化合物の他に、その他の成分として従来既知の液晶化合物もしくは液晶類似化合物、又はそれらの混合物(母液晶)を配合することによって得られるものであり、該母液晶としては、例えば、下記一般式(4)で表される化合物又はこれらの混合物が挙げられる。
【0037】
【化24】
【0038】
従って、上記一般式(4)で表される化合物の具体例としては、下記の各化合物等が挙げられる。尚、各化合物におけるY、Y1、Y2及びY3は、上記一般式(4)におけるものと同じ意味である。
【0039】
【化25】
【0040】
本発明の必須の化合物を上記液晶組成物に配合して用いる場合、本発明の必須の化合物の含有量は、一般には全液晶組成物100重量部中、上記一般式(1)で示される化合物が1〜50重量部、好ましくは5〜40重量部、上記一般式(2)で示される化合物が1〜50重量部、好ましくは5〜40重量部をそれぞれ含有させる。
【0041】
また、上記一般式(3)で示される化合物を使用する場合においては、全液晶組成物100重量部中、1〜60重量部、特に5〜50重量部使用され、その他一般式(4)で表されるごとき従来既知の液晶化合物もしくは液晶類似化合物は、全液晶組成物100重量部中、1〜60重量部、特に5〜50重量部の範囲で使用される。
【0042】
【実施例】
以下、実施例をもって本発明を更に詳細に説明する。しかしながら、本発明は以下の実施例によって制限を受けるものではない。
【0043】
〔実施例1〜5〕
下記液晶化合物を配合1〜5の通り配合して実施例1〜5の液晶組成物とした。
【0044】
【化26】
【0045】
【化27】
【0046】
【化28】
【0047】
【化29】
【0048】
【化30】
【0049】
上記実施例1〜5(〔配合1〕〜〔配合5〕)の液晶組成物の物性の測定結果を表1に示す。
【0050】
【表1】
【0051】
表1の結果より、本発明の液晶組成物は、高NI点、低粘度、大きいΔεを維持しつつ、さらに低温保存性にも優れることが確認できた。
【0052】
【発明の効果】
本発明の液晶組成物は、高NI点で、低粘度でΔεが大きく、低温保存性にも優れるSTN型液晶として優れた液晶組成物である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition used for a liquid crystal display device, and more specifically, contains a specific tricyclic compound and a specific tolan compound, has a low viscosity, a high NI point, and stability at low temperatures. The present invention relates to an excellent liquid crystal composition.
[0002]
[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
Many liquid crystal display elements using optical (refractive index) anisotropy (Δn) and dielectric anisotropy (Δε), which are the characteristics of liquid crystal compounds, have been made so far, including watches, calculators, various measuring instruments, Widely used in automobile panels, word processors, electronic notebooks, mobile phones, printers, computers, televisions, and the like, the demand is increasing year by year. A liquid crystal compound has an intrinsic liquid crystal phase located between the solid phase and the liquid phase, and the phase morphology is roughly divided into a nematic phase, a smectic phase, and a cholesteric phase. Among them, the nematic phase is currently used for display elements. Most widely used. Also, among the methods applied to liquid crystal displays, many display methods have been proposed so far, such as dynamic scattering type (DS type), guest-host type (GH type), and twisted nematic. Type (TN type), super twisted nematic type (STN type), thin film transistor type (TFT type), ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC), etc. are known. As a driving method, a static driving method, a time division driving method, An active matrix driving method and a two-frequency driving method are known.
[0003]
Among the display methods described above, the STN type is particularly used in recent years for displays such as personal computers because of its economic advantages such as high display performance and low manufacturing cost. However, even in the STN system, various characteristics are required as the display element itself has high performance, and the required characteristics are as follows.
(1) The chemical stability of the liquid crystal is large.
(2) A liquid crystal phase is exhibited in a wide temperature range including room temperature.
(3) Good response in a wide temperature range.
(4) Good consistency with the drive circuit.
(5) The optical anisotropy is a value that meets the optical requirements.
[0004]
A single liquid crystal compound satisfying all of these characteristics is not known at present, and the present situation is that a liquid crystal composition in which several kinds of liquid crystal compounds are mixed is intended to satisfy the above-mentioned physical properties. .
[0005]
The liquid crystal compounds used for the preparation of this liquid crystal composition include phenyl esters of alkyl or alkoxybenzoic acids, phenyl ester compounds of alkyl cyclohexyl carboxylic acids, phenyl ester compounds of alkyl cyclohexyl carboxylic acids, aromatic nitrile compounds, alkyl cyclohexane carboxylic acids A very large number of compounds are known.
[0006]
For example, JP-A-63-61083, JP-A-2-86689, JP-A-2-274794, etc. propose a 2,3-ring compound containing a 3,4-difluorophenyl group. However, the use of these compounds makes it possible to give a high NI point, but there are problems such as poor storage at low temperatures, which are not satisfactory in practical use. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-26851 proposes 4- (4-alkylcyclohexyl) -4′-alkoxyethyltolane, which is described in terms of improving the stability of the liquid crystal composition at low temperatures. It has not been.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition that is useful for STN type, has a low viscosity, is driven at a low voltage, has a steep property, and is excellent in low-temperature storage.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have found that a liquid crystal composition containing a tricyclic compound having a specific structure and a specific tolan compound as essential components can achieve the above object.
[0009]
The present invention has been made based on the above findings, containing as essential components at least one of at least one and a compound represented by the following general formula (2) compounds represented by the following general formula (1), the total In 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is 1 to 50 parts by weight, and the content of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is 1 to 50 parts by weight. Oh Ru there is provided a liquid crystal composition.
[0010]
[Formula 4]
[0011]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0013]
In the general formulas (1) and (2), which are essential liquid crystal compounds of the present invention, the linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R 1 , R 2 and R 3 in the formula includes ethyl, Examples include linear alkyl groups such as propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl and decyl, and linear alkyl groups having 1 to 7 carbon atoms are particularly preferable.
[0014]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention include the following compounds 1-1 to 1-3, but are not limited to these compounds. The following compounds 1-4 to 1-6 are reference compounds.
[0015]
[Chemical 6]
[0016]
[Chemical 7]
[0017]
[Chemical 8]
[0018]
[Chemical 9]
[0019]
[Chemical Formula 10]
[0020]
Embedded image
[0021]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2) of the present invention include the following compound No. 2-1, compound No. 2-2, etc., but are limited to these compounds. is not.
[0022]
Embedded image
[0023]
Embedded image
[0024]
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention comprises the compound represented by the above general formula (1) and the compound represented by the above general formula (2) as essential components, and is further represented by the following general formula (3). It is preferable to use the compounds represented in combination because the effects of the present invention are more excellent.
[0025]
Embedded image
[0026]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (3) include the following compounds, but are not limited to these compounds.
[0027]
Embedded image
[0028]
Embedded image
[0029]
Embedded image
[0030]
Embedded image
[0031]
Embedded image
[0032]
Embedded image
[0033]
Embedded image
[0034]
Embedded image
[0035]
Embedded image
[0036]
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention comprises, as an essential component, the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (2), and in addition to the compound represented by the general formula (3). In addition, a liquid crystal compound or a liquid crystal similar compound known in the related art, or a mixture thereof (mother liquid crystal) is blended as the other component. For example, the mother liquid crystal is represented by the following general formula (4): Or a mixture thereof.
[0037]
Embedded image
[0038]
Accordingly, specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (4) include the following compounds. In addition, Y, Y 1 , Y 2 and Y 3 in each compound have the same meaning as in general formula (4).
[0039]
Embedded image
[0040]
When the essential compound of the present invention is used in the liquid crystal composition, the content of the essential compound of the present invention is generally the compound represented by the general formula (1) in 100 parts by weight of the total liquid crystal composition. There 1-50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight, compounds 1 to 50 parts by weight of the above formula (2), preferably Ru is, each containing 5 to 40 parts by weight.
[0041]
In the case of using the compound represented by the general formula (3), 1 to 60 parts by weight, particularly 5 to 50 parts by weight are used in 100 parts by weight of the total liquid crystal composition, and the other general formula (4) Conventionally known liquid crystal compounds or liquid crystal analogs as shown are used in the range of 1 to 60 parts by weight, particularly 5 to 50 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the total liquid crystal composition.
[0042]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
[0043]
[Examples 1 to 5]
The following liquid crystal compounds were blended according to blends 1 to 5 to obtain liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 5.
[0044]
Embedded image
[0045]
Embedded image
[0046]
Embedded image
[0047]
Embedded image
[0048]
Embedded image
[0049]
Table 1 shows the measurement results of the physical properties of the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 5 ([Formulation 1] to [Formulation 5]).
[0050]
[Table 1]
[0051]
From the results in Table 1, it was confirmed that the liquid crystal composition of the present invention was excellent in low-temperature storage stability while maintaining a high NI point, low viscosity, and large Δε.
[0052]
【Effect of the invention】
The liquid crystal composition of the present invention is an excellent liquid crystal composition as an STN type liquid crystal having a high NI point, a low viscosity, a large Δε, and excellent low-temperature storage stability.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2001271550A JP5013640B2 (en) | 2001-09-07 | 2001-09-07 | Liquid crystal composition |
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JP2001271550A JP5013640B2 (en) | 2001-09-07 | 2001-09-07 | Liquid crystal composition |
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JP5013640B2 true JP5013640B2 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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JP4395937B2 (en) * | 1998-09-10 | 2010-01-13 | チッソ株式会社 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element |
DE10020059A1 (en) * | 1999-05-04 | 2001-01-11 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Twisted pneumatic or supertwisted pneumatic liquid crystal display contains a pneumatic liquid crystal mixture comprising compounds of different dielectric anisotropy and an optically active component |
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