JP4965304B2 - Method for producing soil for plant cultivation and soil for plant cultivation - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a nutrient-rich plant cultivation soil in consideration of the environment and the plant cultivation soil obtained thereby.

  Conventionally, soils of various configurations used for vegetable cultivation, home gardening, horticulture, etc. by a full-time farmer have been provided. Such soil for plant cultivation contains nutrients and bacteria necessary for plant growth, does not contain harmful bacteria, has an appropriate pH, has an appropriate particle size that promotes the growth of rhizomes, and has other appropriate ventilation. It is a requirement to have properties and water retention.

  A general plant cultivation soil is produced by mixing various synthesized additives even when natural soil is a main component.

  Moreover, in order to make the soil inclined to acidity into neutral soil, it is generally performed to correct by mixing lime (calcium carbonate) or the like.

Therefore, there is a demand for soil for plant cultivation using natural materials. Patent Document 1 discloses a method of processing garbage discharged from households into horticultural soil, but calcium carbonate is mixed for bacterial growth.
JP 2004-208624 A

  Many conventional soils for plant cultivation contain chemically synthesized products (fertilizers and pesticides), which may kill microorganisms, organic matter, etc. contained in the soil, as well as the surrounding natural environment. There is a problem that.

  In addition, the food, etc. harvested from the soil whose natural environment has been destroyed has a drastic decrease in production, taste and nutrients, and the human body is actually harmed by chemical substances.

  In view of the problems as described above, the present invention aims to provide a method for producing soil for plant cultivation that uses only natural materials and has excellent performance without using chemically synthesized products. And In addition, it aims at providing the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation which used effectively the garbage discarded from a household, a food processing facility, etc.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following configurations.
The manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention has the following process.
-1st process of crushing garbage (1A) to make garbage crushed material-2nd process of mixing said garbage crushed material (1B) with wood vinegar liquid and soaking in said wood vinegar liquid-Soaking in said wood vinegar liquid 3rd process which makes garbage paste thing (1C) by letting garbage crushed material stand for the 1st ripening period ・ The 4th process which mixes said garbage paste thing (1C) into the 1st pulverized coal (4A) -5th process which makes the 1st pulverized coal mixed with the said garbage paste thing leave for the 2nd aging period, ensuring air permeability, and makes it a pulverized coal aged product (4B)-2nd pulverized coal (5A ) The 6th process which makes the soil for plant cultivation (5B) by mixing the said pulverized coal aged material

In the manufacturing method, it is preferable that a volume ratio of the first pulverized coal to the garbage paste is 10: 1.
Moreover, in the said manufacturing method, it is suitable that the volume ratio of a said 2nd pulverized coal and the said pulverized coal aged product is 5: 5-7: 3.
In the manufacturing method, it is preferable that the first aging period is 48 hours.
In the production method, it is preferable that the second aging period is 4 days.

  The present invention further provides a soil for plant cultivation produced by the above production method.

The present invention configured as described above has the following effects.
(A) The soil for plant cultivation manufactured by the present invention has fertilizer by using pulverized coal having air permeability, drainage and water retention, and wood vinegar.
(B) Since pulverized coal is powdery, it does not form a gap, and can evenly cover the whole plant root system and spread its characteristics.
(C) Plants can be protected from pests due to the insect-repellent effect that is a characteristic of wood vinegar.
(D) Only soil for plant cultivation according to the present invention is used as a substitute for soil and compost, and basically no other fertilizer is required.
(E) The soil for plant cultivation according to the present invention can effectively cope with cold damage, drought, disease, bacteria, etc., and can produce foods excellent in harvest, taste, and nutrients without using any agricultural chemicals.
(F) The soil for plant cultivation according to the present invention can be produced only from natural materials without using chemical synthetic substances, and can effectively utilize garbage, and at the same time, by utilizing the characteristics of charcoal and wood vinegar. Soil is obtained. Garbage is decomposed by bacteria and becomes extremely nutrient-rich soil.

The details of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1-6 is a figure which shows each process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention roughly and typically. In addition, the specific method, specific instrument, or apparatus used in the following steps are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the use of these.

  In the first step shown in FIG. 1, the raw garbage 1A as a material is crushed. The garbage 1A used in the present invention may be any food waste discharged from a general household, a store such as a greengrocer or a fish shop, or a food processing facility such as a fish processing plant. In the example of FIG. 1, the crusher 11 is used for crushing garbage. The crusher 11 is provided with a cutting blade 11a having a mesh of about several millimeters, and crushes the input garbage 1A through the cutting blade 11a into a minced state (a finely chopped state). The garbage in this state is referred to as “garbage crushed material (indicated by reference numeral 1B)”. The garbage crushed material 1 </ b> B in the minced state is stored in an appropriate container 21. The container 21 has a bowl-shaped inner bowl 22 inside thereof, and receives and deposits the garbage crushed material 1B with the inner bowl 22 and the excess water 2 falls from the hole of the inner bowl 22 (raw bowl). Depending on the content of the waste, there may be little surplus water 2). Excess water 2 is discarded. The surplus water 2 only needs to fall naturally, and it is not necessary to squeeze the garbage crushed material 1B.

  In the second step shown in FIG. 2, the wood vinegar liquid 3 is poured from above the garbage crushed material 1B obtained in the first step and mixed well with the food crushed material 1B. After mixing, the amount of the pyroligneous acid liquid 3 is such that the whole garbage crushed product 1B is immersed, and the crushed garbage 1B is immersed in the pyroligneous acid solution 3. Wood vinegar is a liquid obtained by cooling and liquefying smoke discharged in the charcoal baking process. Wood vinegar is weakly acidic by containing wood-derived organic acid, phenol, tar and the like in addition to acetic acid, which is the main component excluding water, and has a strong bactericidal action. In the present invention, a wood vinegar solution using a conifer is preferred. This is because conifers have a larger bubble area than charcoal when charcoal is used, so that bacteria can easily propagate.

  In the third step shown in FIG. 3, the crushed garbage 1B immersed in the wood vinegar liquid in the second step is left for a predetermined period (referred to as “first aging period”). When left unattended, the opening of the container 21 is covered with a breathable lid 23. The lid 23 may be made of any material as long as it has air permeability. This is to prevent contamination by insects and impurities. The first aging period is preferably about 48 hours regardless of the amount of the garbage crushed material 1B. A temperature of 15 ° C. to 25 ° C. is suitable for bacterial growth. During the first aging period, proteins, sugars, oils, and the like contained in the crushed garbage 1B are decomposed by bacteria, and the salt is neutralized to form a paste. The paste state means that even though some solid content remains, most of the solid is a liquid state with a low fluidity. The garbage in this state is referred to as “garbage paste (indicated by reference numeral 1C)”. Furthermore, the garbage paste 1C is sterilized and sterilized by the action of the wood vinegar solution.

  The surplus liquid 3 ′ that naturally falls from the garbage paste 1 </ b> C through the hole of the inner basket 22 is taken out into another container. The surplus liquid 3 ′ is preferably used together with the wood vinegar liquid 3 in the third step of the next batch without being discarded because the nutrients are abundantly retained.

  In the fourth step shown in FIG. 4, the predetermined soil mixing container 24 is filled with pulverized coal 4A, and then the raw garbage paste 1C obtained in the third step is sprinkled over, and the pulverized coal 4A is well mixed and mixed. Include. At this time, mix thoroughly so as not to form a lump. Powdered coal is powdery or fine-grained coal, and is known as one of soil improvement materials because it has an effect of promoting bacterial growth. A suitable volume ratio is a ratio of 10: 1 between the powdered coal 4A and the garbage paste 1C. In one example, the powdered coal was 40 liters and the garbage paste was 4 liters. The pH of the mixture of the pulverized coal 4A and the garbage paste 1C obtained in the fourth step is 4, and is acidic at this point.

  The pulverized coal used in the fourth step and the pulverized coal used in the sixth step, which will be described later, are the same type, but in order to clearly distinguish these steps, the fourth step is referred to as “first pulverized coal”. The thing of a 6th process may be called "2nd pulverized coal." The pulverized coal used in the present invention is preferably softwood. This is because conifers have a larger bubble area than charcoal when charcoal is used, so that bacteria can easily propagate.

  In the fifth step shown in FIG. 5, the mixture of the garbage paste 1C and the pulverized coal 4A obtained in the fourth step is filled in a breathable bag, and a predetermined period (the “second aging period”). Leave). In the example, one bag was filled with 15 liters. Keep the bag's mouth closed so that it won't rain. The second aging period is approximately 4 days. 4 days is a guideline and will vary depending on the climate and temperature. If it is the range of 18 to 25 degreeC, it will be finished in a few days. Bacteria grow during the second aging period, and the pH becomes neutral at about 5.5-6. After completion of the second ripening period, it was visually confirmed that the propagated bacteria adhered to the mixture in the bag in a cotton-like manner. This mixture that has completed the second aging period will be referred to as “pulverized coal aging product (indicated by reference numeral 4B)” (the lower view of FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway view).

  In the sixth step shown in FIG. 6, the pulverized coal aged product 4B obtained in the fifth step is mixed with new pulverized coal 5A (ie, the second pulverized coal). A suitable capacity ratio is a range of 5: 5 to 7: 3 of the pulverized coal 5A and the pulverized coal aged product 4B. Mix evenly until the whole is in a smooth sand state. At this stage, it is almost odorless. Thereby, the soil 5B for plant cultivation by this invention is obtained. Thereafter, the plant cultivation soil 5B is appropriately packed.

  As a method of using the soil for plant cultivation 5B according to the present invention in the soil of a field or cultivation area, for example, when mixing for the first time, the ratio of 5: 5 is 5% of the pulverized coal 5A and the pulverized coal aged 4B in the sixth step In the case of using a mixture of two or more times, it is preferable to use a 7: 3 ratio. In other words, for the soil for plant cultivation according to the present invention, unused soil is used to obtain an effect at an early stage using a high ratio of the pulverized coal aged product 4B, and thereafter, a stable effect can be sustained. adjust.

  The product of the soil for plant cultivation manufactured by the manufacturing method shown above is also contained in this invention.

It is a figure which shows the 1st process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention. It is a figure which shows the 2nd process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention. It is a figure which shows the 3rd process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention. It is a figure which shows the 4th process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention. It is a figure which shows the 5th process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention. It is a figure which shows the 6th process of the manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1A garbage 1B garbage crushed 1C garbage paste 2 surplus water 3 wood vinegar 3 'wood vinegar after dipping 4A 1st pulverized coal 4B pulverized coal aged 5A 2nd pulverized coal 5B plant cultivation soil 11 crusher 21 container 22 Inner casing 23 Lid 24 Soil mixing container 25 Ventilation bag 26 Bag

Claims (6)

The first step of crushing the garbage (1A) to make the garbage crushed,
A second step in which the crushed garbage (1B) is mixed with a wood vinegar solution and immersed in the wood vinegar solution;
A third step of making a garbage paste (1C) by leaving the crushed garbage immersed in the wood vinegar for the first aging period;
A fourth step of mixing the garbage paste (1C) into the first pulverized coal (4A);
A fifth step of making the pulverized coal aged (4B) by allowing the first pulverized coal mixed with the garbage paste to stand for the second aging period while ensuring air permeability;
A method for producing soil for plant cultivation, comprising a sixth step of preparing soil for plant cultivation (5B) by mixing the pulverized coal aged product with second powdered coal (5A).   2. The method for producing soil for plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein a volume ratio of the first pulverized coal to the garbage paste is 10: 1.   The volume ratio of said 2nd pulverized coal and said pulverized coal ripening thing is 5: 5-7: 3, The manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said 1st ripening period is 48 hours, The manufacturing method of the soil for plant cultivation in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The method for producing soil for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second ripening period is 4 days.   A soil for plant cultivation produced by the method for producing a soil for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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