JP4961925B2 - Water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water apparatus such as a hot water supply apparatus that generates hot water by recovering heat from combustion gas generated using a combustor by using a so-called coiled water pipe.

  The present applicant has previously proposed, for example, those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 as specific examples of the hot water apparatus. This conventional one is provided with a combustor and a water tube heat exchanger. As the combustor, for example, fuel oil such as kerosene or light oil is sprayed using a spray nozzle, and the sprayed fuel and air blower are sprayed. Combustion air mixed with combustion air supplied from a fan in a combustion cylinder is used. On the other hand, the water tube of the heat exchanger has a coiled tube part, and the coiled tube part has a configuration in which a plurality of loop parts are connected in a spiral shape and a gap is formed between them. ing. And the combustion gas is supplied from the said combustor to the space part inside this coil-shaped tube part.

  According to the said structure, the combustion gas supplied to the space part inside the coiled tube part passes through the clearance gap between the several loop parts of a coiled tube part. In such a process, heat is recovered from the combustion gas, and hot water supplied into the coiled tube body is efficiently heated.

  However, the prior art still has problems to be solved as described below.

  That is, when the atomized fuel is burned while injecting combustion air into the combustion cylinder of the combustor, the flame at the time of combustion not only extends to the facing area of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder, but also around it. The sprayed fuel is combusted also in this portion. However, since not much combustion air is supplied from the inside of the combustion cylinder to the periphery of the opening at the front end of the combustion cylinder, the amount of combustion air tends to be insufficient. Therefore, the degree of combustion of the sprayed fuel around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder tends to be slightly lower than in other combustion regions. On the other hand, in the prior art, the coiled tube portion of the heat exchanger surrounds the combustion region of the sprayed fuel as described above. For this reason, the combustion gas that travels to the coiled tubular part directly proceeds from the combustion region around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder toward the coiled tubular part. However, as described above, the combustion gas that travels through such a route is generated by combustion with an insufficient amount of combustion air and may still contain non-combustible fuel. is there. Therefore, it is not preferable that such combustion gas travels as it is toward the coiled tube portion and passes through the gap between the coiled tube portions, and it is required to appropriately eliminate such a situation. Is done.

JP-A-2005-321170 JP 2005-321171 A JP 2005-321172 A

  The present invention has been conceived under the circumstances as described above, and promotes the combustion of fuel in the inner space of the coiled tube portion, and the combustion gas having an incomplete combustion taste is generated in the coil. It is an object of the present invention to provide a warm water device that can appropriately suppress the direct progress to the tubular body portion.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.

A hot water device provided by the present invention includes a combustor having a combustion cylinder, a casing for the combustor that surrounds the vicinity of the base end side of the combustion cylinder, and into which combustion air is supplied from a blower fan, A coiled tubular part housed in a can connected so as to be aligned in the axial length direction of the combustion cylinder with respect to the casing ; and the combustion in an inner space of the coiled tubular part A heat exchanger that is configured to be supplied with combustion gas from the opening at the front end of the cylinder, and the coiled tube section is arranged in a plurality of gaps in the axial length direction of the combustion cylinder via a plurality of gaps. The combustion gas supplied to the inner space of the coiled tube part is configured to pass through a plurality of gaps in the coiled tube part. there, the combustion cylinder is supplied to the internal space of the casing combustion A main part in which a plurality of air inflow holes for allowing air to flow into the combustion cylinder are formed in the peripheral wall part, and a front end part of the main part to be connected to suppress diffusion of fuel and combustion air. A pair of combustion cylinders, the main part and the auxiliary part being overlapped and connected to each other as flanges that partition the internal space of the casing and the internal space of the coiled tubular part. A part of the combustion air supplied to the internal space of the casing is made to face the front opening of the combustion cylinder in the inner space of the coiled tube part. As an air flow path for advancing to a region between the region and the coiled tube part, the pair of flanges are provided with two types of vent holes having different sizes so as to overlap each other, and the size is small In the air vent It, is characterized in that air inflow from the inner space inward of the space of the coiled tube body portion of the casing is configured to be defined.

According to such a configuration, it becomes possible to positively supply combustion air to the combustion region around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder, and fuel combustion in that region is promoted. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately prevent the combustion gas having an incomplete combustion tendency from proceeding directly toward the coiled tube portion and entering the gap. Further, the amount of generated CO, HC, soot, etc. is reduced by promoting the combustion of fuel.
In addition to the above, the following effects can also be obtained.
An air flow path for advancing combustion air toward the area between the facing area of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder and the coiled tube section uses a simple configuration in which a ventilation hole is provided in the flange of the combustion cylinder. Has been realized. Therefore, the configuration is reasonable and suitable for keeping the manufacturing cost low. Further, if a ventilation hole is provided in the flange of the combustion cylinder, the combustion air that has passed through the ventilation hole travels along the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder, and this combustion air is passed through the front end of the combustion cylinder. Can be efficiently supplied to a position close to the section.
Because the auxiliary part is provided in the combustion cylinder and the diffusion of fuel and combustion air is suppressed,
This further promotes fuel combustion. Further, since the air holes for forming the predetermined air flow path are provided in the flange used for connecting the main part of the combustion cylinder and the auxiliary part, the formation thereof is easy.
For example, even if the two types of vent holes are slightly misaligned due to manufacturing errors, the smaller vent hole is not blocked by the flange, and the amount of air inflow into the space can be set as desired. It is possible to accurately define the quantity.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vent hole provided in the flange of the main part of the combustion cylinder is larger in size than the vent hole provided in the flange of the auxiliary part, a part of which is Also, the peripheral wall portion of the main portion or a portion where the peripheral wall portion and the flange are connected is opened, and combustion air flows into the auxiliary portion from the opening portion.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to promote combustion of fuel in the auxiliary portion. Moreover, since the inflow of combustion air into the auxiliary part is performed using the vent hole, it is not necessary to provide an air inflow hole in the auxiliary part.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger has a wall portion formed with an opening for allowing the can body to enter the space inside the coiled tube portion. And having a spacer for closing a region between the wall portion and the coiled tube portion, and the casing is opposed to the wall portion of the can body and the combustion cylinder A partition wall connected to the pair of flanges, and a part of the combustion air supplied from the blower fan into the casing is supplied to the partition wall from the wall portion of the can body and the partition wall. Additional vents are provided for travel along the outer surface of at least one of the spacers.

  According to such a configuration, it becomes possible to air-cool at least one of the wall portion of the can body and the spacer using the combustion air that has passed through the additional ventilation hole, and the portion is overheated and deformed. Or thermal damage is appropriately suppressed. Moreover, if the walls and spacers of the can body described above are cooled, it is possible to suppress the transfer of a large amount of heat from those portions to the peripheral devices of the combustor, and to suppress the high temperature of the peripheral devices of the combustor. The Furthermore, the combustion air supplied to the space from the additional vent hole can also be used for the combustion of fuel around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder, and the combustion in that portion is further promoted. Can do.

  Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 4 show an example of a hot water apparatus to which the present invention is applied and a configuration related thereto. As clearly shown in FIG. 1, the hot water device WH of this embodiment includes a combustor B, a blower fan 19, a heat exchanger HE, a bottom casing 80, and an exhaust duct 81.

  The combustor B is for burning fuel oil such as kerosene or light oil. As shown in FIG. 2, the combustor B has a spray nozzle 1, a spark plug 11, and a combustion cylinder 5. Is housed in a combustor casing 6. The spray nozzle 1 sprays fuel oil supplied downward via a fuel supply unit 10 having a flow control valve, a pump, and the like.

  The combustion cylinder 5 has a main part 50A and an auxiliary part 50B connected to the tip part. The main portion 50A has a form in which a plurality of cylindrical portions having a larger diameter toward the lower end are connected in series, and a plurality of air inflow holes 51 are provided in the peripheral wall portion. The blower fan 19 is provided in the casing 6 so as to supply combustion air from above, and the combustion air flows into the main portion 50 </ b> A from the plurality of air inflow holes 51. Partition walls 61 a and 61 b having cylindrical portions 60 a and 60 b surrounding the main portion 50 </ b> A are provided in the casing 6 and at the bottom so as to promote air inflow into the combustion cylinder 5. The auxiliary portion 50B is for accelerating the combustion of the sprayed fuel by suppressing the diffusion of the mixed gas of the sprayed fuel and the combustion air. Therefore, unlike the main portion 50A, the auxiliary portion 50B basically has no air inflow hole in its peripheral wall portion. Preferably, the distal end opening 52 of the auxiliary portion 50B is narrowed to a smaller diameter than the maximum inner diameter of the main portion 50A.

  As shown well in FIG. 4, the main part 50A and the auxiliary part 50B are formed separately from each other, and have a pair of connecting flanges 53 and 54. It is connected. However, the flange 54 of the auxiliary portion 50 </ b> B is formed in a step shape having a small diameter portion 54 a and a large diameter portion 54 b, and the small diameter portion 54 a is used for connection to the flange 53. The large diameter portion 54b is joined to the partition wall 61b of the casing 6 as described later. A plurality of vent holes 55a, 55b, and 56b are formed in the flanges 53 and 54, details of which will be described later.

  In FIG. 1, the heat exchanger HE has a configuration in which a plurality of coiled tube portions 40 serving as water tubes for heat recovery are accommodated in a can body 2. The can body 2 has a substantially cylindrical peripheral wall portion 20 surrounding the plurality of coiled tube portions 40, and an upper wall portion 21A and a lower wall portion 21B joined to the upper and lower portions of the peripheral wall portion 20. . The upper wall portion 21A forms an opening portion 22A for allowing a part of the combustion cylinder 5 to enter the can body 2, and the lower wall portion 21B forms an opening portion 22B for passage of combustion gas. .

  Each coiled tube portion 40 has a configuration in which a plurality of loop portions 40 a connected in a spiral shape are arranged in the vertical height direction via a plurality of gaps 31. However, the winding diameters of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 are different, and these are arranged in a substantially concentric overlapping winding shape. The lower end portion and the upper end portion of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 are connected to headers 49a and 49b for incoming water and hot water via appropriate pipes, and water supplied to the header 49a for incoming water. Can flow through the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 and then flow into and join the header 49b for hot water, and supply hot water from the header 49b to a desired hot water supply destination. A partition member 39 is provided in the inner space portion 3 of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40, and the space portion 3 is partitioned into first and second regions 30a and 30b. The front end portion of the combustion cylinder 5 enters the first region 30a, and this first region 30a is a combustion chamber.

  In the heat exchanger HE, when the combustion gas is supplied to the first region 30a, the combustion gas passes through the gaps 31 in the part surrounding the first region 30a of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40. Then, it flows into the surrounding combustion gas passage 32. Next, the combustion gas flows from the combustion gas passage 32 through the gaps 31 in the portion surrounding the second region 30b of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 and flows into the second region 30b. In such a process, sensible heat and latent heat can be recovered from the combustion gas. The combustion gas that has flowed into the second region 30b then passes through the bottom casing 80 and the exhaust duct 81, and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 81a.

  As clearly shown in FIG. 3, spacers 28 and 29 are interposed between the upper wall portion 21 </ b> A of the can body 2 and the upper surface portions of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40. Since the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 are spiral and their upper surface portions are inclined, it is difficult to bring the upper wall portion 21A of the can body 2 into close contact with the upper surface portion. The spacers 28 and 29 correspond to the inclination of the upper surface portion of the coiled tubular body portion 40 as described above, and close the gap between the upper wall portion 21A and the upper surface portion of the coiled tubular body portion 40. This is to prevent the combustion gas from passing illegally. The spacer 28 has a ring shape that is reduced in weight by, for example, pressing a stainless steel plate. The spacer 29 is, for example, a ceramic ring excellent in heat resistance.

  The flange 54 of the combustion cylinder 5 has a large-diameter portion 54 b joined to the lower surface of the partition wall 61 b of the casing 6, and serves as a partition that partitions between the inner region of the casing 6 and the inner region of the can body 2. Also plays. As described below, a plurality of vent holes 55a, 55b, 56a, and 56b are provided in the flange 54 and a predetermined portion that overlaps the flange 54, and thereby the space 3 is formed from the inside of the casing 6. First and second air flow paths are formed in the first region 30a to directly advance the combustion air.

  In other words, the flange 53 and the small diameter portion 54a of the flange 54 are provided with a plurality of vent holes 55a and 55b communicating with each other in pairs. With such a configuration, the combustion air that has advanced into the cylindrical portion 60b of the casing 6 passes through the plurality of vent holes 55a and 55b and moves down the outer periphery of the auxiliary portion 50B as indicated by arrows N1 and N2. This path is the first air flow path. However, in this embodiment, the sizes of the vent holes 55a and 55b are different, and the diameter D1 of the vent hole 55a is larger than the diameter D2 of the vent hole 55b. The vent hole 55a is provided so that a part of the vent hole 55a also opens at a continuous portion (bending portion) between the flange 53 and the peripheral wall portion of the main portion 50A. As a result, as indicated by the arrow N3, some of the combustion air passes through a part of the vent hole 55a and flows into the auxiliary part 50B.

  The partition wall 61b and the large-diameter portion 54b of the flange 54 are provided with a plurality of vent holes 56a and 56b communicating with each other in pairs. These vent holes 56a and 56b are also different in size as the previous vent holes 55a and 55b. For example, the diameter D3 of the vent hole 56a is larger than the diameter D4 of the vent hole 56b. On the other hand, a ring-shaped member 27 serving as a spacer is interposed between the partition wall 61b and the upper wall portion 21A of the can body 2. Thus, the partition wall 61b and the large-diameter portion 54b of the flange 54 are separated from the upper wall portion 21A, and the large-diameter portion 54b and the upper wall portion 21A communicate with the vent holes 55a and 55b. A gap 26a is formed. The ring-shaped member 27 is preferably a heat insulating material that suppresses heat transfer from the can body 2 to the casing 6. A gap 26 b communicating with the gap 26 a is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the spacer 28 and the flange 54. With this configuration, the combustion air that has traveled on the partition wall 61b in the casing 6 passes through the air holes 26a and 26b after passing through the plurality of vent holes 56a and 56b, as indicated by arrows N4 to N7. Then, it proceeds toward the lower side of the gap 26b, and this path becomes the second air flow path.

  Next, the operation of the hot water device WH will be described.

  First, when the combustor B is driven while the blower fan 19 is driven, the sprayed fuel burns in the combustion cylinder 5 while being agitated and mixed with the combustion air, and combustion gas is generated in the first region 30 a of the space 3. Supplied. Most of the combustion gas travels below the combustion cylinder 5 and collides with the partition member 39. Thereafter, the combustion gas sequentially passes through the plurality of gaps 31 of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 through the predetermined path described above. In this process, heat is recovered efficiently. The flame of combustion by the combustor B extends long below the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5, but since the combustion air is sufficiently supplied to this portion, the sprayed fuel is placed below the combustion cylinder 5. Complete combustion in the course of progress.

  On the other hand, a part of the flame spreads not only in the region directly below the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5 but also around it. Therefore, a part of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of this part may advance toward the coiled tubular part 40 as it is, as indicated by an arrow N8 in FIG. As described in the “Background Art” section, the combustion gas that travels in such a path may be insufficient in combustion due to a short supply amount of combustion air. On the other hand, in this hot water apparatus WH, the combustion air that has passed through the plurality of vent holes 55a and 55b from the inside of the casing 6 flows into the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5 as indicated by arrows N1 and N2. Supplied around. Therefore, by supplying this combustion air, it is possible to promote the combustion of the sprayed fuel around the tip opening 52 and cause complete combustion. As a result, the combustion gas containing incombustible fuel is appropriately suppressed from proceeding to the gaps 31 of the plurality of coiled tubular body portions 40.

  Some of the combustion air supplied into the casing 6 passes through the vent holes 56a and 56b and travels along a path indicated by arrows N5 to N7. This combustion air flows along the outer surface of the upper wall portion 21A of the can body 2 and the spacer 28, and cools these portions. Therefore, the problem that the upper wall portion 21A and the spacer 28 are heated to a high temperature to cause deformation or thermal damage is appropriately prevented. Moreover, the amount of heat transfer from the upper wall portion 21 </ b> A to the casing 6 is reduced, and a problem that various devices assembled to the casing 6 rise in temperature due to heat transfer from the can body 2 is also suppressed. . Further, when the combustion air further proceeds toward the lower side of the spacer 28, an action can be obtained in which a part of the combustion air proceeds toward the periphery of the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5. Therefore, this also promotes the combustion of fuel around the tip opening 52.

  Since the vent holes 55a and 55b and the vent holes 56a and 56b are different in size as described above, the following advantages are also obtained. That is, when the hot water apparatus WH is manufactured, even if an error occurs in the attachment position of the auxiliary portion 50B of the combustion cylinder 5 and the vent holes 55a and 55b are slightly displaced, The flange 53 can be prevented from being blocked. On the other hand, the air flow rate of the two vent holes 55a and 55b is defined by the small vent hole 55b. Therefore, even if the vent holes 55a and 55b are slightly displaced, the amount of air passing through them can be prevented from being changed. In addition, when the air circulation amount of the vent holes 55a and 55b is not an original amount, the amount of combustion air supplied into the combustion cylinder 5 is also distorted, but according to the present embodiment, Such inconvenience can be avoided appropriately. Such an effect can be similarly obtained for the air holes 56a and 56b. The relationship between the size of the vent holes 55a and 55b and the size of the vent holes 56a and 56b is opposite to that of the present embodiment, the vent hole 55a is smaller than the vent hole 55b, and the vent hole 56a is the vent hole 56b. Even when the relationship is smaller than the above, the above-described effects can be obtained. Further, the vent hole 55a is provided so that the combustion air can be advanced from the vent hole 55a into the auxiliary portion 50B of the combustion cylinder 5 as indicated by an arrow N3 in FIG. For this reason, the effect | action which the combustion in the auxiliary | assistant part 50B is accelerated | stimulated is also acquired.

  The present invention is not limited to the contents of the above-described embodiment. The specific configuration of each part of the hot water device according to the present invention can be varied in design in various ways.

The vent hole can be formed in, for example, a rectangular shape or a long hole shape instead of the circular shape, and its specific shape is not limited. Further, the specific number is not limited.

It does not matter even concrete kind of fuel. For the combustion cylinder and the coiled tube portion, instead of a configuration in which the axial length direction is set to be substantially vertical, the axial length direction is suitable for the horizontal direction or the horizontal direction, for example. It is also possible to adopt a state inclined at an angle so that the combustion gas proceeds in a horizontal direction from the combustion cylinder or in a direction inclined with respect to this. The coiled tube portion may be at least one, and a plurality of coiled tube portions may not be provided in an overlapping manner. The loop portion of the coiled tube portion is not limited to a hollow circular shape, and may be a hollow rectangular shape, for example.

  The hot water device as used in the present invention means a device having a function of generating hot water, and is used for various types of hot water supply devices for general hot water supply, bath hot water supply, heating, snow melting, and the like, and hot water supply. Includes a device for producing hot water.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the hot water apparatus to which this invention was applied. It is principal part sectional drawing of the hot water apparatus shown in FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded sectional view of a combustion cylinder of a combustor included in the hot water device shown in FIG. 1.

Explanation of symbols

WH Hot water apparatus B Combustor HE Heat exchanger 2 Can body 3 Space part 5 Combustion cylinder 19 Blower fan 21A Upper wall part (wall part of can body)
28, 29 Spacer 31 Clearance 40 Coiled tube part 40a Loop part 50A Main part (combustion cylinder)
50B Auxiliary part (combustion cylinder)
52 Tip opening (combustion cylinder)
53, 54 Flange 55a, 55b Vent hole 56a, 56b Vent hole 61b Partition wall

Claims (3)

A combustor having a combustion cylinder;
A casing for a combustor that surrounds the base end side of the combustion cylinder and is supplied with combustion air from a blower fan inside;
A coiled tubular part housed in a can connected so as to be aligned in the axial length direction of the combustion cylinder with respect to the casing ; and the combustion in an inner space of the coiled tubular part A heat exchanger in which combustion gas is supplied from the opening at the tip of the cylinder;
With
The coiled tubular part has a plurality of loop parts arranged in the axial length direction of the combustion cylinder via a plurality of gaps, and the combustion gas supplied to the inner space of the coiled tubular part is A hot water device configured to pass through a plurality of gaps in the coiled tube portion,
The combustion cylinder includes a main portion in which a plurality of air inflow holes for allowing combustion air supplied to the internal space of the casing to flow into the combustion cylinder are formed in the peripheral wall portion, and a tip of the main portion An auxiliary part that is connected to the part and suppresses diffusion of fuel and combustion air,
The main part and the auxiliary part of these combustion cylinders are provided with a pair of flanges that are overlapped and connected to each other as flanges that partition the internal space of the casing and the internal space of the coiled tube part And
A part of the combustion air supplied to the internal space of the casing is divided into a facing area of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder and the coiled tube part in the inner space of the coiled tube part. As an air flow path for advancing to the region between the two flanges, two types of vent holes having different sizes are provided on the pair of flanges so as to overlap each other. A hot water apparatus characterized in that an air inflow amount from an internal space to an inner space of the coiled tubular body is defined . The vent hole provided in the flange of the main part of the combustion cylinder is larger in size than the vent hole provided in the flange of the auxiliary part, and a part thereof is the peripheral wall part of the main part, or this The hot water device according to claim 1, wherein the hot water device is configured to open to a continuous portion of the peripheral wall portion and the flange, and to allow combustion air to flow into the auxiliary portion from the opening portion . The heat exchanger has a wall portion in which an opening for allowing the can body to enter the space inside the coiled tube portion is formed in the can body. The coiled tube
And a structure including a spacer for closing a region between the parts,
The casing has a partition wall connected to a pair of flanges of the combustion cylinder so as to face the wall portion of the can body,
In this partition wall, a part of the combustion air supplied from the blower fan into the casing is added to advance along the outer surface of at least one of the wall portion of the can and the spacer. vents are provided, the water heater according to claim 1 or 2.

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