JP4984782B2 - Water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water apparatus such as a hot water supply apparatus that generates hot water by recovering heat from combustion gas generated using a combustor by using a so-called coiled water pipe.

  The present applicant has previously proposed, for example, those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 as specific examples of the hot water apparatus. This conventional one is provided with a combustor and a water tube heat exchanger. As the combustor, for example, fuel oil such as kerosene or light oil is sprayed using a spray nozzle, and the sprayed fuel and air blower are sprayed. Combustion air mixed with combustion air supplied from a fan in a combustion cylinder is used. On the other hand, the heat exchanger has a water pipe having a coiled tube part, and the coiled tube part has a configuration in which a plurality of loop parts are connected in a spiral shape and a gap is formed between them. It is arranged in the can body. The can body has an opening for a combustion cylinder that allows the combustion cylinder of the combustor to enter or face the combustion cylinder, and combustion gas is supplied from the combustion cylinder to an inner space of the coiled tubular body. It has become so.

  According to the said structure, the combustion gas supplied to the space part inside the coiled tube part passes through the clearance gap between the several loop parts of a coiled tube part. In such a process, heat is recovered from the combustion gas, and the hot and cold water supplied into the coiled tube body is efficiently heated.

  However, the prior art still has problems to be solved as described below.

  1stly, the wall part which forms the opening part for combustion cylinders among the cans of the said heat exchanger is approaching the combustion cylinder. For this reason, the said wall part is heated by quite high temperature. In addition, a spacer is interposed in the can so as not to create a gap between the wall portion and the coiled tube portion, and this spacer also approaches the combustion cylinder as in the case of the wall portion. Is heated to a fairly high temperature. Thus, if the wall part or spacer of the can body is heated to a high temperature, they may be thermally deformed or thermally damaged. In addition, a large amount of heat is transferred from these portions to the peripheral devices of the combustor, and the peripheral devices may become hot. Therefore, it is required that this is appropriately prevented.

  Secondly, when the atomized fuel is burned while injecting combustion air into the combustion cylinder of the combustor, the flame at the time of combustion not only extends to the facing area of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder, but also around it. The sprayed fuel is also burned in this portion. However, since not much combustion air is supplied from the inside of the combustion cylinder to the periphery of the opening at the front end of the combustion cylinder, the amount of combustion air tends to be insufficient. Therefore, the degree of combustion of the sprayed fuel around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder tends to be slightly lower than in other combustion regions. On the other hand, in the prior art, the coiled tube portion of the heat exchanger surrounds the combustion region of the sprayed fuel as described above. For this reason, the combustion gas that travels to the coiled tubular part directly proceeds from the combustion region around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder toward the coiled tubular part. However, as described above, the combustion gas that travels through such a route is generated by combustion with an insufficient amount of combustion air and may still contain non-combustible fuel. is there. Therefore, it is not preferable that such combustion gas proceeds as it is toward the coiled tube part and passes through the gap between the coiled tube parts. Requested.

JP-A-2005-321170 JP 2005-321171 A JP 2005-321172 A

  The present invention has been conceived under the circumstances as described above, in which a part of the heat exchanger is heated to a high temperature by driving the combustor, and the combustion gas with incomplete combustion appears. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hot water device that can appropriately suppress the direct progress to the coiled tube portion.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.

A hot water apparatus provided by the present invention includes a combustor having a combustion cylinder, a blower fan capable of supplying combustion air into the combustion cylinder, and a wall portion in which an opening for entering the combustion cylinder is formed. A coiled tubular part in which a plurality of loop parts are arranged in the axial length direction of the combustion cylinder via a plurality of gaps is accommodated in the can body, and the inner space of the coiled tubular part is A heat exchanger configured such that combustion gas is supplied from a front end opening of a combustion cylinder, and a spacer is interposed between the wall and the coiled tube body ; and a wall of the can body And a casing for a combustor that is provided so as to surround at least a part of the combustion cylinder and into which combustion air is supplied from the blower fan. comprises, a water heater, the combustion cylinder, said Keshi A flange that is joined to the partition wall of the casing so as to partition between an internal space of the coil and an inner space of the coiled tubular body, and at least one of the partition wall and the flange And a gap communicating with the inner space of the coiled tube portion is formed between the wall portion or the spacer of the can body, and at least one of the partition wall and the flange A separation facing portion facing the wall portion or the spacer of the can through the gap is provided, and a part of the combustion air supplied into the casing is transferred to the separation facing portion. By providing a vent hole that allows the air to flow into the gap, a part of the combustion air is allowed to travel along the outer surface of at least one of the wall portion and the spacer of the can body, and home, Air flow path to progress in the area between the facing region of the distal end opening portion of the serial combustion cylinder and said coiled tube body portion is characterized by being provided.

According to such a configuration, it becomes possible to air-cool at least one of the wall portion of the can body and the spacer using the combustion air passing through the air flow path, and those portions become overheated. Deformation or thermal damage is appropriately suppressed. Moreover, if the walls and spacers of the can body described above are cooled, it is possible to suppress the transfer of a large amount of heat from those portions to the peripheral devices of the combustor, and to suppress the high temperature of the peripheral devices of the combustor. The Further, the combustion air used for the air cooling then travels to a region between the facing region of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder and the coiled tube portion in the inner space of the coiled tube portion. Therefore, this combustion air is used for combustion around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder, and the effect of promoting the combustion of fuel in that region can also be expected. Accordingly, it is also possible to appropriately suppress the incomplete combustion-like combustion gas from proceeding directly toward the coiled tube portion and entering the gap. Further, the amount of generated CO, HC, soot, etc. is reduced by promoting the combustion of fuel. Further, the air flow path is realized by using a simple structure in which a vent hole is provided in at least one of the partition wall of the combustor casing and the flange of the combustion cylinder, which is preferable for reducing the manufacturing cost.
Be suitable.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a ring-shaped member for separating the wall portion and the partition wall is interposed between the wall portion of the can body and the partition wall of the casing. A part of the inner space of the ring-shaped member is the gap.

  According to such a configuration, by utilizing the ring-shaped member, the wall portion of the can body and the partition wall of the casing can be separated from each other, and a gap can be easily formed therebetween. In addition, it is possible to further reduce the amount of heat transfer from the can body to the casing by providing the ring-shaped member with a heat insulating action.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the partition wall and the flange are provided with two types of vent holes different in size as the vent holes so as to overlap each other. An air inflow amount from the inside of the casing to the gap and the space is defined.

  According to such a configuration, even if the vent holes of the partition wall and the flange are slightly displaced due to manufacturing errors, for example, the smaller vent hole is blocked by the flange or the partition wall. Therefore, it is possible to accurately define the amount of air flowing into the space to a desired amount.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flange is provided with an additional ventilation hole positioned closer to the center of the combustion cylinder than the ventilation hole, and the combustion air supplied into the casing is provided. The other part is configured to pass through this additional vent and advance toward the periphery of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder.

  According to such a configuration, the combustion air that has passed through the additional vent is supplied to a position closer to the tip opening of the combustion cylinder than the combustion air that has passed through the air flow path described above. The Therefore, the combustion of fuel around the tip opening of the combustion cylinder can be further promoted.

  Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 4 show an example of a hot water apparatus to which the present invention is applied and a configuration related thereto. As clearly shown in FIG. 1, the hot water device WH of this embodiment includes a combustor B, a blower fan 19, a heat exchanger HE, a bottom casing 80, and an exhaust duct 81.

  The combustor B is for burning fuel oil such as kerosene or light oil. As shown in FIG. 2, the combustor B has a spray nozzle 1, a spark plug 11, and a combustion cylinder 5. Is housed in a combustor casing 6. The spray nozzle 1 sprays fuel oil supplied downward via a fuel supply unit 10 having a flow control valve, a pump, and the like.

  The combustion cylinder 5 has a main part 50A and an auxiliary part 50B connected to the tip part. The main portion 50A has a form in which a plurality of cylindrical portions having a larger diameter toward the lower end are connected in series, and a plurality of air inflow holes 51 are provided in the peripheral wall portion. The blower fan 19 is provided in the casing 6 so as to supply combustion air from above, and the combustion air flows into the main portion 50 </ b> A from the plurality of air inflow holes 51. Partition walls 61 a and 61 b having cylindrical portions 60 a and 60 b surrounding the main portion 50 </ b> A are provided in the casing 6 and at the bottom so as to promote air inflow into the combustion cylinder 5. The auxiliary portion 50B is for accelerating the combustion of the sprayed fuel by suppressing the diffusion of the mixed gas of the sprayed fuel and the combustion air. Therefore, unlike the main portion 50A, the auxiliary portion 50B basically has no air inflow hole in its peripheral wall portion. Preferably, the distal end opening 52 of the auxiliary portion 50B is narrowed to a smaller diameter than the maximum inner diameter of the main portion 50A.

  As shown well in FIG. 4, the main part 50A and the auxiliary part 50B are formed separately from each other, and have a pair of connecting flanges 53 and 54. It is connected. However, the flange 54 of the auxiliary portion 50 </ b> B is formed in a step shape having a small diameter portion 54 a and a large diameter portion 54 b, and the small diameter portion 54 a is used for connection to the flange 53. The large diameter portion 54b is joined to the partition wall 61b of the casing 6 as described later. A plurality of vent holes 55a, 55b, and 56b are formed in the flanges 53 and 54, details of which will be described later.

  In FIG. 1, the heat exchanger HE has a configuration in which a plurality of coiled tube portions 40 serving as water tubes for heat recovery are accommodated in a can body 2. The can body 2 has a substantially cylindrical peripheral wall portion 20 surrounding the plurality of coiled tube portions 40, and an upper wall portion 21A and a lower wall portion 21B joined to the upper and lower portions of the peripheral wall portion 20. . The upper wall portion 21A forms an opening portion 22A for allowing a part of the combustion cylinder 5 to enter the can body 2, and the lower wall portion 21B forms an opening portion 22B for passage of combustion gas. .

  Each coiled tube portion 40 has a configuration in which a plurality of loop portions 40 a connected in a spiral shape are arranged in the vertical height direction via a plurality of gaps 31. However, the winding diameters of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 are different, and these are arranged in a substantially concentric overlapping winding shape. The lower end portion and the upper end portion of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 are connected to headers 49a and 49b for incoming water and hot water via appropriate pipes, and water supplied to the header 49a for incoming water. Can flow through the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 and then flow into and join the header 49b for hot water, and supply hot water from the header 49b to a desired hot water supply destination. A partition member 39 is provided in the inner space portion 3 of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40, and the space portion 3 is partitioned into first and second regions 30a and 30b. The front end portion of the combustion cylinder 5 enters the first region 30a, and this first region 30a is a combustion chamber.

  In the heat exchanger HE, when the combustion gas is supplied to the first region 30a, the combustion gas passes through the gaps 31 in the part surrounding the first region 30a of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40. Then, it flows into the surrounding combustion gas passage 32. Next, the combustion gas flows from the combustion gas passage 32 through the gaps 31 in the portion surrounding the second region 30b of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 and flows into the second region 30b. In such a process, sensible heat and latent heat can be recovered from the combustion gas. The combustion gas that has flowed into the second region 30b then passes through the bottom casing 80 and the exhaust duct 81, and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 81a.

  As clearly shown in FIG. 3, spacers 28 and 29 are interposed between the upper wall portion 21 </ b> A of the can body 2 and the upper surface portions of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40. Since the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 are spiral and their upper surface portions are inclined, it is difficult to bring the upper wall portion 21A of the can body 2 into close contact with the upper surface portion. The spacers 28 and 29 correspond to the inclination of the upper surface portion of the coiled tubular body portion 40 as described above, and close the gap between the upper wall portion 21A and the upper surface portion of the coiled tubular body portion 40. This is to prevent the combustion gas from passing illegally. The spacer 28 has a ring shape that is reduced in weight by, for example, pressing a stainless steel plate. The spacer 29 is, for example, a ceramic ring excellent in heat resistance.

  The flange 54 of the combustion cylinder 5 has a large-diameter portion 54 b overlapped and joined to the lower surface of the partition wall 61 b of the casing 6, and serves as a partition that partitions between the inner region of the casing 6 and the inner region of the can body 2. Also plays a role. As described below, a plurality of vent holes 55a, 55b, 56a, and 56b are provided in the flange 54 and a predetermined portion that overlaps the flange 54, and thereby the space 3 is formed from the inside of the casing 6. Two types of air flow paths are formed in the first region 30a to directly advance the combustion air.

  The partition wall 61b and the large-diameter portion 54b of the flange 54 are provided with a plurality of vent holes 56a and 56b communicating with each other in pairs. The sizes of the vent holes 56a and 56b are different. For example, the diameter D3 of the vent hole 56a is larger than the diameter D4 of the vent hole 56b. On the other hand, a ring-shaped member 27 serving as a spacer is interposed between the partition wall 61b and the upper wall portion 21A of the can body 2. As a result, the partition wall 61b and the large-diameter portion 54b of the flange 54 are separated from the upper wall portion 21A, and are separated from the upper wall portion 21A via the inner space 26a of the ring-shaped member 27. n1. The vent holes 56a and 56b are provided in the separated facing portion n1. The ring-shaped member 27 is preferably a heat insulating material that suppresses heat transfer from the can body 2 to the casing 6. A gap 26 b communicating with the gap 26 a is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the spacer 28 and the flange 54. With such a configuration, the combustion air that has traveled on the partition wall 61b in the casing 6 passes through the air holes 26a and 26b after passing through the plurality of vent holes 56a and 56b, as indicated by arrows N1 to N4. Therefore, this path corresponds to an example of the air flow path in the present invention.

  The small diameter portion 54a of the flange 53 and the flange 54 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 55a and 55b communicating with each other in pairs. These vent holes 55a and 55b correspond to an example of an additional vent hole in the present invention. With such a configuration, the combustion air that has advanced into the cylindrical portion 60b of the casing 6 passes through the plurality of vent holes 55a and 55b and moves down the outer periphery of the auxiliary portion 50B as indicated by arrows N5 and N6. It will progress toward the. The sizes of the vent holes 55a and 55b are different, and the diameter D1 of the vent hole 55a is larger than the diameter D2 of the vent hole 55b. The vent hole 55a is provided so that a part of the vent hole 55a also opens at a continuous portion (bending portion) between the flange 53 and the peripheral wall portion of the main portion 50A. As a result, as indicated by the arrow N7, some of the combustion air passes through a part of the vent hole 55a and flows into the auxiliary part 50B.

  Next, the operation of the hot water device WH will be described.

  First, when the combustor B is driven while the blower fan 19 is driven, the sprayed fuel burns in the combustion cylinder 5 while being agitated and mixed with the combustion air, and combustion gas is generated in the first region 30 a of the space 3. Supplied. Most of the combustion gas travels below the combustion cylinder 5 and collides with the partition member 39. Thereafter, the combustion gas sequentially passes through the plurality of gaps 31 of the plurality of coiled tube portions 40 through the predetermined path described above. In this process, heat is recovered efficiently. The flame of combustion by the combustor B extends long below the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5, but since the combustion air is sufficiently supplied to this portion, the sprayed fuel is placed below the combustion cylinder 5. Complete combustion in the course of progress.

  On the other hand, a part of the flame spreads not only in the region directly below the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5 but also around it. Therefore, a part of the combustion gas generated by the combustion of this part may advance toward the coiled tubular part 40 as it is, as indicated by an arrow N8 in FIG. As described in the “Background Art” section, the combustion gas that travels in such a path may be insufficient in combustion due to a short supply amount of combustion air. In contrast, in the hot water apparatus WH, the combustion air that has passed through the plurality of vent holes 56a and 56b and the vent holes 55a and 55b from the inside of the casing 6 is burned as indicated by arrows N4 and N6. Supplied around the tip opening 52 of the cylinder 5. Therefore, by supplying this combustion air, it is possible to promote the combustion of the sprayed fuel around the tip opening 52 and cause complete combustion. As a result, the combustion gas containing incombustible fuel is appropriately suppressed from proceeding to the gaps 31 of the plurality of coiled tubular body portions 40.

  In addition, the combustion air that has passed through the air holes 56 a and 56 b passes through the air gaps 26 a and 26 b and contacts the outer surfaces of the upper wall portion 21 </ b> A and the spacer 28 before flowing into the space portion 3. Therefore, the upper wall portion 21A and the spacer 28 are cooled. As a result, such a problem that these portions are heated to a high temperature to cause deformation or thermal damage is appropriately prevented. Moreover, the amount of heat transfer from the upper wall portion 21 </ b> A to the casing 6 is reduced, and a problem that various devices assembled to the casing 6 rise in temperature due to heat transfer from the can body 2 is also suppressed. .

  Since the vent holes 56a and 56b are different in size as described above, the following advantages are also obtained. That is, when the hot water device WH is manufactured, even if an error occurs in the mounting position of the auxiliary portion 50B of the combustion cylinder 5 and the vent holes 56a and 56b are slightly displaced, the small-sized vent hole 56b is partitioned. It can be prevented from being blocked by the wall 61b. On the other hand, the air flow rate of the two vent holes 56a and 56b is defined by the small-sized vent hole 56b. Therefore, even if the vent holes 56a and 56b are slightly displaced, the amount of air passing through them can be prevented from being changed. In addition, when the air circulation amount of the vent holes 56a and 56b is not an original amount, the amount of combustion air supplied into the combustion cylinder 5 is also distorted, but according to the present embodiment, Such inconvenience can be avoided appropriately. Such an effect is also obtained when the relationship between the sizes of the vent holes 56a and 56b is opposite to that of the present embodiment, and the vent hole 56a is smaller than the vent hole 56b. Further, since the sizes of the vent holes 55a and 55b are different, the same effect as described for the vent holes 56a and 56b can be obtained. The vent hole 55a also exerts an action of causing the combustion air to advance into the auxiliary portion 50B as indicated by an arrow N7 in FIG. For this reason, combustion in the auxiliary portion 50B is also promoted.

  The present invention is not limited to the contents of the above-described embodiment. The specific configuration of each part of the hot water device according to the present invention can be varied in design in various ways.

  In the above-described embodiment, as a means for thoroughly promoting the combustion of the fuel, the combustion air that has passed through the vent holes 55a and 55b is supplied around the front end opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5. In the present invention, such a means is not used, and combustion of fuel around the tip opening 52 of the combustion cylinder 5 is promoted by using only the combustion air that has passed through the vent holes 56a and 56b. It can also be. Of course, the air flow path referred to in the present invention is a flow path different from the flow path described above by using a vent hole provided at a location different from the vent holes 56a and 56b of the above-described embodiment, or a similar element. It can also be formed. The vent hole can be formed in, for example, a rectangular shape or a long hole shape instead of the circular shape, and its specific shape is not limited. Further, the specific number is not limited.

  The combustion cylinder of the combustor may be configured as not including a portion corresponding to the auxiliary portion 50B of the above-described embodiment. The specific kind of fuel is not ask | required. For the combustion cylinder and the coiled tube portion, instead of a configuration in which the axial length direction is set to be substantially vertical, the axial length direction is suitable for the horizontal direction or the horizontal direction, for example. It is also possible to adopt a state inclined at an angle so that the combustion gas proceeds in a horizontal direction from the combustion cylinder or in a direction inclined with respect to this. There may be at least one coiled tube part, and a plurality of coiled tube parts do not have to be provided in an overlapping manner. The loop portion of the coiled tube portion is not limited to a hollow circular shape, and may be a hollow rectangular shape, for example.

  The hot water device as used in the present invention means a device having a function of generating hot water, and is used for various types of hot water supply devices for general hot water supply, bath hot water supply, heating, snow melting, and the like, and hot water supply. Includes a device for producing hot water.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the hot water apparatus to which this invention was applied. It is principal part sectional drawing of the hot water apparatus shown in FIG. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded sectional view of a combustion cylinder of a combustor included in the hot water device shown in FIG. 1.

Explanation of symbols

WH Hot water device B Combustor HE Heat exchanger 2 Can body 3 Space part 5 Combustion cylinder 6 Casing (for combustor)
19 Blower 21A Upper wall (can body wall)
26a, 26b Gap 28, 29 Spacer 31 Gap 40 Coiled tube part 40a Loop part 52 Tip opening (of combustion cylinder)
53, 54 Flange 55a, 55b Ventilation hole (additional ventilation hole)
56a, 56b Ventilation hole 61b Partition wall

Claims (4)

A combustor having a combustion cylinder;
A blower fan capable of supplying combustion air into the combustion cylinder;
A coiled tube portion in which a plurality of loop portions are arranged in the axial length direction of the combustion tube via a plurality of gaps is accommodated in a can having a wall portion in which an opening for entering the combustion tube is formed. The combustion gas is supplied to the inner space of the coiled tube body from the opening at the front end of the combustion cylinder, and a spacer is provided between the wall and the coiled tube body. A heat exchanger in which
For a combustor that has a partition wall facing the wall portion of the can body, is provided so as to surround at least a part of the combustion cylinder, and in which combustion air is supplied from the blower fan A casing of
A hot water device comprising:
The combustion cylinder has a flange joined to a partition wall of the casing so as to partition between an internal space of the casing and an inner space of the coiled tubular body,
Between at least one of the partition wall and the flange, and the wall portion or the spacer of the can body, a space communicating with an inner space portion of the coiled tube portion is formed, and the partition At least one of the wall and the flange is provided with a spaced facing portion that faces the wall portion or the spacer of the can body via the gap,
The spaced-apart portion is provided with a vent hole for allowing a part of the combustion air supplied into the casing to flow into the gap, thereby allowing a part of the combustion air to pass through the wall portion of the can body. And the air that travels along the outer surface of at least one of the spacers and then travels to the region between the facing region of the tip opening of the combustion cylinder and the coiled tube portion in the space portion. A hot water apparatus, characterized in that a flow path is provided . A ring-shaped member for separating the wall portion and the partition wall is interposed between the wall portion of the can body and the partition wall of the casing, and an inner space of the ring-shaped member is disposed. The hot water device according to claim 1 , wherein a part of the gap is the gap . The partition wall and the flange are provided with two types of vent holes different in size as the vent holes so as to overlap each other, and the smaller size vent hole leads from the inside of the casing to the gap and the space portion. It is configured so that the amount of air inflow is regulated
, Water heater according to claim 1 or 2 wherein. The flange is provided with an additional ventilation hole located closer to the center of the combustion cylinder than the ventilation hole, and another part of the combustion air supplied into the casing is added to the additional ventilation hole. The hot water device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the hot water device is configured to pass through pores and travel toward the periphery of a tip opening of the combustion cylinder .

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