KR840001311Y1 - Boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Boiler

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional boiler.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V of FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a boiler, and more particularly to a boiler with increased capacity and efficiency than the conventional.

To date, various types of boilers have been developed and used satisfactorily in a given range. However, the need to increase the capacity and efficiency of boilers has been increased so as to alleviate the environmental pollution problem, which is recently greatly troubled in recent years, and to reduce the energy consumption while reducing the manufacturing cost.

However, the increase in capacity and efficiency of such a boiler can be achieved by the following two methods. That is, it is possible to increase the heat energy transfer rate by increasing the flow rate of the combustion gas while increasing the amount of fuel supplied to the burner, and to provide as many heat transfer surfaces as possible in the space of the boiler. However, when the first method is used, the amount of power required for a supply device such as a blower is too large to increase the overall power consumption, as well as to cause noise problems. This is because the ventilation resistance is proportional to the square of the flow rate of air so that the ventilation amount is proportional to the amount of fuel to be combusted so that the amount of power required by the air supply is proportional to the cube of the amount of fuel to be combusted. In addition, in the second method, although the capacity and efficiency of the boiler can be increased by increasing the amount of heat energy per unit area due to the increase in the heat transfer surface, the increase in the heat transfer surface must increase the air flow rate. As a result, power consumption increases.

In view of the above, boilers have been developed in which a plurality of vertical water pipes are installed between a pair of water chambers so that their inner central portion acts as a combustion chamber. For example, such boilers are described in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 30341 / 64,11210 / 71 and 34121/71 and the like, which cannot be seen as sufficiently satisfactory increase in capacity and efficiency. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler configured to greatly increase capacity and efficiency and reduce pollution problems. Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel boiler structure configured to reduce environmental pollution and noise problems while increasing capacity and efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a boiler structure that can be used in either a circulation type or a once through type. According to the present invention, a tubular casing having an exhaust duct and an image of the tubular casing. Any one of the pair of annular chambers surrounding the periphery of the burner disposed toward the inside of the tubular casing from the central opening of the upper annular chamber of the pair of annular chambers, respectively installed at the lower ends. A cylindrical combustion chamber wall consisting of a plurality of water pipes having an internal connection from the combustion chamber side to the outside of the other annular chamber vicinity, and concentrically surrounding the combustion chamber wall, the one of which is located inside the other annular chamber chamber. A boiler comprising a flue wall in which a pair of annular water chambers communicate with each other by a plurality of water pipes having an internal pipe 45 passing outside of the vicinity, the inner side of which is not associated with a combustion chamber wall in a combustion chamber wall near the annular water chamber. Forming an additional gas passage through the flue and passing through the association of the combustion chamber wall with the purge gas passing through the additional gas passage; By providing opposite the inlet of the associated wall of the flue on the outlet of the combustion chamber wall associated with the combustion gas to be joined to the inlet, it will be written the object of the present invention as described above.

In addition, according to the present invention, the combustion chamber wall is provided with a gas passage adjacent to an annular chamber and formed through the combustion chamber wall. As such an additional gas passage is provided, the combustion gas in the combustion chamber branches along two passages and flows out. Therefore, the area in which the combustion gas is in contact, that is, the heat transfer area is increased, and the flow rate of the combustion gas is decreased, thereby increasing the time for the high temperature combustion gas to be in contact with the heat transfer surface. The efficiency is greatly increased.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2, a conventional boiler 10 is shown. The boiler 10 is a water-circular natural circulation boiler, the upper annular water chamber 11, the lower annular water chamber 12, and It comprises a plurality of water pipes 13 arranged in a spiral (shown in FIG. 2) and extending vertically between the two annular chambers. As shown in FIG. 2, the water pipes 13 are divided into an inner portion A and an outer portion B, and a combustion chamber 14 is formed in the inner central portion of the inner portion, and between the inner portion A and the outer portion B. The flue 15 extends from the inlet 16 in communication with the combustion chamber 14. In addition, between the outer portion (B) and the casing 18 of the boiler 10, the flue duct 19 branches from the flue 15 in the direction of the arrow as shown in FIG. Both ends of the water pipe 13 communicate with the upper annular water chamber 11 and the lower annular water chamber 12, respectively, so that the water chambers 11 and 12 communicate with each other by the water pipe 13. In addition, both ends of the water pipe 13 are formed to have a small diameter, so that a gap 20 is formed, and the gap 20 is insulated so as to insulate the combustion chamber 14 and the flue 15 and 17 from each other. The member is to be attached. The casing 18 of the boiler 10 is provided with a flexible portion 21 to prepare for deformation due to thermal stress. The inner heat transfer portion of the lower annular water chamber 12 is provided. In addition, the burner 22 is located in the inner central portion of the upper annular water chamber 11, and the flame is directed downward along with the injection air supplied from the blower.

When the burner 22 is ignited, the inner surfaces of the water pipes 13 at the inner side A are affected by the radiant heat of the flame and the convection of the combustion gas, and also the flue between the outer side B outside the inner side A. Surfaces of the water pipe 13 facing the 15 and surfaces of the water pipe 13 facing the flue 17 at the outer side B are affected by the combustion gases passing through the flues 15, 17. Heat is transferred to the water in the water pipe (13).

As the temperature of water in the water pipe increases differently by such heat transfer, the water pipes belonging to the inner side (A) act as a water supply pipe and the water pipes belonging to the outer side (B) act as a precipitation pipe, thereby circulating water. . The water pipes belonging to the inner side (A) absorb more heat energy than the water pipes belonging to the outer side (B). However, the boundary between the water pipe and the downcomer may vary depending on the heat transfer conditions of the heat energy transferred to the water in the water pipe.

It would be possible to provide a boiler configured to suppress the increase in power required to operate the blower by modifying the arrangement of the water pipe 13 shown in FIG. 2 to reduce the speed of combustion gas passing through the flue. That is, in the boiler, the flue 15 branches from the inlet 16 to both sides and flows along a predetermined semicircle, respectively, and merges into one at the opposite side of the inlet 16, where the flue ( 17) in the year (17) is also configured to branch to both sides and then back together in the same position as the inlet (16) to flow out into the exhaust duct. By having such a configuration, the flow velocity of the gas at the intermediate position of the flue is reduced, and the combustion gas flowing in the direction of the arrow a in the upper portion of the combustion chamber adjacent to the burner 22 is not completely burned, but the burner 22 These unburned particles, which have a relatively large particle size, will pass through the flue 15 along the direction of arrow (a), while the arrow (b) below the inlet 16 The gas flowing into the flue 15 along the) direction is completely burned. The gas containing unburned particles is cooled while passing through the flue, so that unburned particles are released to the outside without being burned, thereby increasing the amount of soot and soot. In order to reduce the amount of soot and soot, it is necessary to be able to increase the mixing efficiency near the burner 22 so as to perform complete combustion in the combustion chamber 14.

In this way, the amount of soot and soot can be reduced by increasing the mixing efficiency, but in order to increase the mixing efficiency, the capacity of the blower must be increased, thereby increasing the power consumption. In addition, if the mixing efficiency is too large, the amount of NO _X is increased to cause environmental pollution and noise.

As already explained, this orphan solves the above-mentioned problems that occurred in the case of a conventional boiler as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

3 and 4, there is shown a boiler 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The boiler 30 is a toil-shaped natural circulation boiler and has a pair of annular rings at the upper and lower ends of the tubular casing 40. The water chambers 31 and 32 are connected, and a plurality of water pipes 33 are arranged in a vertical circle (shown in FIG. 4) between the two water chambers, and the water pipe 33 between the water pipe 33 and the casing 40. A plurality of water pipes 34 are installed between the two water chambers in a vertical circle concentrically.

As the water pipes 33 and 34 are arranged as described above, an annular space is formed between the water pipes 33 and 34 as shown in FIG. Both ends of the water pipes 33 and 34 communicate with the upper and lower water chambers 31 and 32, respectively, so that the water chambers 31 and 32 communicate with each other through the water pipes 33 and 34, respectively. . In addition, both ends of the water pipes 33 and 34 are formed to have a small diameter. The inner central space portion of the combustion chamber wall 37 formed by the water pipe 33 acts as the combustion chamber 35, so that the burner 36 opens the central opening of the upper chamber 31 in the combustion chamber 35. It is located downward through. The water pipes 33 and 34 are arranged to form a vertical cylindrical elementary chamber wall 37 and a flue wall 38, but if necessary, the water pipes 33 and 34 may be welded to each other to form a complete seal. have. The space between the combustion chamber wall 37 and the flue wall 38 is used in the flue 39, and the space between the flue wall 38 and the outer wall 40 of the boiler is in communication with the exhaust duct 42 of the boiler. It is to be used as the year 41.

As shown in FIG. 4, each cross-sectional shape of the inner vertical cylindrical combustion chamber wall 37 consisting of the plurality of water pipes 33 and the outer vertical cylindrical flue wall 38 consisting of the plurality of water pipes 34 is It is completely circular, so that an inlet for introducing gas from the combustion chamber 35 into the middle flue 39 is not necessary. (In the prior case, an inlet 16 as shown in FIG. 2 was required). Instead, by reducing the diameter at both ends of the angle pipes 33 and 34, an additional gas passage 55 through which air can pass is provided. For example, such a passage may be a gap formed in the lower portion of the inner vertical pipe wall as shown in FIG. It is possible to flow from the combustion gas combustion chamber 35 to the inner flue 39 through the additional gas passage 55 composed of this gap. As shown in FIG. 3, both ends of the water pipes 33 and 34 are additional gas passages 55 and suitable heat insulating material is provided except for the gap portion, so that the passages are closed.

Another gas flow path is provided through the combustion chamber wall 37 in addition to the flue 39 to flow the combustion gas from the combustion chamber 35 to the exhaust duct 42. This gas flow path is provided in the plumbing 44 provided in the water pipe 33 from the combustion chamber 35 to the inner flue 39 and in the water pipe 34 having the outer flue 41 from the inner flue 39. Association 45. Each tube 44, 45 consists of a tube, the tube 44 of the combustion chamber wall communicating with the combustion chamber 35 at an inlet 46 located adjacent the upper portion of the lower chamber 32, the inlet ( 46 ') is formed upward along the inside of the water pipe 33, and is passed through the flue (39) at the outlet 47 located adjacent to the lower portion of the water supply chamber (31). In a similar manner the associative 45 is in communication with the flue 39 at the inlet 48 located at the same height as the outlet 47, and is formed downward from the inlet 48 along the interior of the water pipe 34, It is in communication with the flue 41 at the outlet 49 located below the water pipe 34. By providing the association having the above-described configuration, the passage for the combustion gas from the combustion chamber 35 to the exhaust duct 42 is completely formed.

An insulating material similar to the insulating material 43 is also provided at the inner central portion of the lower chamber 32 to form the bottom of the combustion chamber. The flexible part 50 is provided in an appropriate part of the boiler wall 40 to prepare for the thermal stress applied to the wall.

When the burner 36 is ignited, the inner surface of the combustion chamber wall 37 is heated under the influence of the radiant heat of the flame and the convection of the combustion gas directed downward by the air flow supplied from the blower or the like. Combustion gas flows into the inlet 46 and the additional gas passage 55 of the associative 44, passes through the assortment 44 and the inner flue 39, and is discharged to the outlet 47, and reconnected ( 45 is introduced into the inlet 48, and is discharged through the outlet 49 through the inlet 45, and finally to the exhaust duct 42 through the outer flue 41. As described above, the water in the water pipe absorbs thermal energy from the gas while the combustion gas passes, and the water pipe 33 of the combustion chamber wall 37 serves as a multiplier pipe, and the water pipe 34 of the flue wall 38 is It acts as a downcomer, resulting in a natural circulation of water in the boiler (30).

In the above-described embodiment, the exhaust gas passing through the combustion chamber wall 37 is along two paths in the high temperature state, that is, the path into the additional gas passage 55 and the inlet 46. It will branch and flow.

This branching of the gas flow allows the flow of combustion gas through the additional gas passage 55 and the inlet 46 to be maintained at a relatively low speed so that the power consumption of the blower is not unnecessarily increased. do. In addition, in the present embodiment, the heat transfer area is increased by the configuration of the associating 44 and 45 to increase the boiler capacity and efficiency, as well as to increase the inlet 45 and the gas passage 55. Since it is located at a position remote from the honor 36, only completely burned gas is introduced into the inlet 46 and the gas passage 55 without requiring a severe mixing process, so that soot, soot and NO _X are generated. And emissions are greatly reduced.

After that, the above description will be further analyzed. In the above-described embodiment, the flow of the hot combustion gas is branched along two paths, that is, the path flowing into the inlet 46 and the path flowing into the inner furnace 39 through the gas passage 55. The resistance received from the flue gas as it passes through the paths can be expressed as follows.

ΔPoc V ² × γ

Where ΔP is the resistance

V: flow rate of gas

γ: density of gas

It can be seen that the main factor of the resistance size in the above equation is speed. Thus, by dividing the passage of gas into two passages in a portion of the entire flue, it is possible to effectively reduce the resistance by reducing the gas flow rate in the branched passage.

As can be seen from the above equation, the density diagram has a volume, a resistance and a force, and the gas volume (V) is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas as shown in the following equation.

Therefore, the flow resistance of the gas divided by the flue may be effectively reduced by branching the gas flow when the temperature of the gas is relatively high.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the flow of hot combustion gas flows branched along the two paths of the plumbing 44 and the inner flue 39, after which the flow of branched gas is transferred to the heat transfer. Is cooled down so that the volume is reduced and then again merges and flows near the outlet 47. Therefore, the joined gas flow is not subjected to greater resistance in the association 45. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the flue wall inlet 45 can also be branched in the same manner as in the case of the combustion chamber wall, so that the heat transfer area can be increased, thereby greatly reducing the gas cooling in the flue wall inlet 44. This results in a large volume reduction of the gas, which not only allows the gas flow resistance in the plume 45 to be kept low 45, but also reduces heat transfer as the gas passes through the combustion chamber wall plumbing 44. As a result, the gas flow resistance at the flue wall inlet 45 remains low. However, it is also possible to diverge the gas flow rejoined from the flue 39 and the inlet 44 near the inlet 48 again. . This is done by removing the insulation 43 provided on each upper portion of the water pipe 34 to provide a plurality of gaps similar to the gas passage 55. By providing such additional gas passages it is possible to reduce the flow rate of gas.

6 shows a boiler 30 'according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the components of the boiler 30 described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 of the components of the boiler 30'. The same thing is indicated by adding “´” to the same symbol. In the boiler 30 ', the combustion chamber 5' is composed of a return flow burning type, and a burner 36 'having a long flame length is used, and a tip thereof. It is installed to be positioned somewhat lower in this boiler 35 '.

Thus, upon burner ignition, the combustion gas rises along the circumference of the combustion chamber 35 '. This countercurrent combustion causes the fuel to burn completely, thus reducing the amount of NO _X generated. In this embodiment, each vertical position of the additional gas passage 55 ', the inlet 46', the outlet 47 ', the inlet 38' and the outlet 49 'is shown in FIG. The opposite is true. Therefore, the gas flow direction from the combustion chamber to the outer flue 41 'is reversed from that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

As mentioned above, it is not necessary to provide an association for each water pipe, and some water pipes do not have to be provided. In such a case, the number of pipes and flue gas distributions provided in the combustion chamber and flue walls can be appropriately set according to the number of pipes, flues, and openings, so that the boiler can be operated smoothly and the capacity and efficiency can be greatly increased. In addition, environmental pollution can be suppressed.

This can also be taken into account in the provision of additional gas passages composed of gaps as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. For example, if the number of associations provided to the combustion chamber wall is moderately larger than the number of associations of the flue wall, the flow resistance of the flue gas generated in the flue may be kept the same throughout the flow path of the flue gas. It may also facilitate the circulation of water in the boiler by not providing a connection to some water pipes.

In the above-described embodiments, the diameter at both ends of the water pipe is reduced, but the vertical pipe is removed except for the portion where the gap must be provided such as the gas passage 55 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. You can also use This angle reduction in tube diameter may result in a suitable method such as bending the end of the water pipe or welding a small diameter pipe to the end.

In the above-described embodiment, the water pipes adjacent to each other are continuously arranged to form the combustion chamber wall or the flue wall. However, the water pipes may be formed by using a fin attached pipe. In such a case, each tube is connected to each other by a fin to form a combustion chamber in the inner central part, and has a generally uniform diameter throughout its length to cut off a portion of the fin to provide additional gas passages. The required gap can be formed.

By providing the connection to the water pipe or the double wall, it is possible to increase the heat transfer area without increasing the diameter of the boiler, thereby increasing boiler capacity and efficiency while reducing the cost of boiler production, as well as environmental pollution and noise. Can alleviate the problem.

In the above embodiments, phase. The lower chambers are each rounded, but are not limited to such forms, and may be of any shape, provided that they provide a central opening. For example, the shape of the sink may be elliptical, square or rectangular, to the extent that the upper chamber provides a central opening in which the burner can be installed. Thus, the water pipe, the combustion chamber wall, the flue wall, and the boiler casings do not have to be curved in their entire cross-sectional shape. Therefore, the word “annular” used in the text is not necessarily limited to being circular.

Although the boiler of the present invention has been described as a water pipe type configured to circulate water through the upper chamber, the downcomer, the lower chamber, and the water pipe, the boiler of the present invention is not limited to such a type, but the water in the boiler It may be a one-pass type configured to fill the middle part of this combustion chamber wall or flue wall. In addition, in the above-described embodiments, the structure of the boiler has been described as being vertical, but it is not limited to such a type, but may be configured to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal direction, thereby providing a same type of effect and advantages. will be.

While the present invention has been described with reference to various embodiments, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments and various modifications and variations may be made within the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (1)

A tubular casing 40 having an exhaust duct 42, a pair of annular water chambers 31 and 32 provided at the upper and lower ends of the tubular casing, and a center of the upper annular water chamber 31 of the pair of annular water chambers, respectively. A tube 44 surrounding the burner 36 arranged from the opening toward the inner side of the tubular casing and passing from the combustion chamber side near one of the pair of annular chambers to the outside of the other annular chamber. A cylindrical combustion chamber wall (37) consisting of a plurality of water pipes (33) having an inner portion thereof, and an association (45) concentrically surrounding the small combustion chamber wall and passing from the inner side of the other annular chamber to the outer side of the annular chamber. In the boiler comprising a flue wall 38 which communicates the pair of annular chambers with each other by means of a plurality of water pipes 34 having an inside therein, the inner side of the combustion chamber wall adjacent to the one of the annular chambers other than the connection 44 of the combustion chamber wall. Part leading to year (39) The red gas passage 55 is formed, and the flue wall 38 allows the combustion gas passing through the additional gas passage 55 and the combustion gas passing through the connection 44 of the combustion chamber wall 37 to flow in. Boiler, characterized in that the inlet (48) of the inlet (45) of the combustion chamber wall (37) is installed opposite the outlet (47) of the inlet (44).