JP4942504B2 - Branch tunnel construction segment - Google Patents

Branch tunnel construction segment Download PDF

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JP4942504B2
JP4942504B2 JP2007026938A JP2007026938A JP4942504B2 JP 4942504 B2 JP4942504 B2 JP 4942504B2 JP 2007026938 A JP2007026938 A JP 2007026938A JP 2007026938 A JP2007026938 A JP 2007026938A JP 4942504 B2 JP4942504 B2 JP 4942504B2
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segment
tunnel
tunnel construction
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tendon
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JP2008190247A (en
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開次郎 伊澤
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Fujita Corp
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本発明は、親トンネルから分岐させる形で新たなトンネルを構築する場合に、その分岐トンネル施工箇所に設置されて好適な分岐トンネル施工用セグメントに関する。   The present invention relates to a branch tunnel construction segment that is preferably installed at a branch tunnel construction site when a new tunnel is constructed in a form of branching from a parent tunnel.

例えば、既に設置されたトンネル内で、新たなトンネルを分岐施工するための掘削機械を組み立て、一部が完成した状態で地山中に押し出し、逐次、組立と押出しを繰り返して掘削機械の発進を完了させる方法がある。
この方法では、既に設置されたトンネルの覆工のうち、新たなトンネルを発進させる部分のセグメントを、鉄筋などを取り除きかつ切削可能な素材としておくことで施工の効率化をはかることが多い（特許文献１）。
特開２００３−２５３９９２ For example, in a tunnel that has already been set up, an excavation machine for branching a new tunnel is assembled, part of the excavation machine is pushed out into the ground, and the assembly and extrusion are repeated in sequence to complete the start of the excavator There is a way to make it.
This method often improves the efficiency of construction by removing the rebar and making the material that can be cut into the segment of the tunnel lining already installed, where the new tunnel starts. Reference 1).
JP2003-253992A

しかしながら、分岐施工する箇所に位置するセグメントは、シールド機により切削可能な材料で形成されているものの、土水圧に耐えられるように、セグメントは強度を有したコンクリートで形成され硬い。
そのため、クラックが生じないように、分岐施工する箇所でのシールド機の発進作業を慎重に行う必要があり、新たなトンネルの発進作業は時間のかかる作業となっている。
実際には、１分間に１ミリメートル程度しか進行できず、分岐施工する箇所に発進開口をあけるまで、１０時間程度を費やしているのが現状であり、分岐トンネルの施工効率を高め、コストダウンを図る上で何らかの改善が望まれていた。
本発明は前記事情に鑑み案出されたものであって、本発明の目的は、親トンネルから分岐トンネルを施工する際に、分岐トンネルの施工効率を高める上で有利な分岐トンネル施工用セグメントを提供することにある。 However, although the segment located at the location to be branched is formed of a material that can be cut by a shield machine, the segment is formed of strong concrete and is hard so that it can withstand soil water pressure.
Therefore, it is necessary to carefully start the shield machine at the branch construction site so that cracks do not occur, and starting a new tunnel is a time-consuming work.
Actually, it can only travel about 1 millimeter per minute, and it currently takes about 10 hours to open the start opening at the branch construction site, increasing the construction efficiency of the branch tunnel and reducing the cost. Some improvement was desired in order to plan.
The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to provide a branch tunnel construction segment that is advantageous in improving the construction efficiency of the branch tunnel when constructing the branch tunnel from the parent tunnel. It is to provide.

前記目的を達成するため本発明は、トンネル内で新たなトンネルを分岐施工する箇所に設置される分岐トンネル施工用セグメントであって、厚さ方向の一方の面がトンネルに臨む内周面とされ、厚さ方向の他方の面が地山に臨む外周面とされ円弧の板状に延在するコンクリート製のセグメント本体と、前記セグメント本体に圧縮力を与える緊張材を挿通するための緊張材用挿通孔を構成している、前記セグメント本体に埋め込まれた、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなる管体と、前記緊張材用挿通孔に挿通され、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなる係止具を介して両端が前記セグメント本体に係止され、引っ張り力が与えられて前記セグメント本体に圧縮力を与える シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなる緊張材と、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなり前記内周面と前記外周面にそれぞれ取着された補強シートとを備えることを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a branch tunnel construction segment installed at a location where a new tunnel is branched in the tunnel, and one surface in the thickness direction is an inner peripheral surface facing the tunnel. , a concrete segment body the other surface in the thickness direction extends in an arcuate plate is an outer peripheral surface facing the natural ground, tendons for inserting the tension member to provide a compressive force prior Symbol segment body A tube body made of a material that is embedded in the segment main body and that is easily cut by a shield machine cutter, and is inserted into the tendon insertion hole and is easily cut by a shield machine cutter. Both ends are locked to the segment body through a locking tool made of material, and a tensile force is applied to apply a compressive force to the segment body. A tension material made of a material and a reinforcing sheet made of a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine and attached to the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, respectively.

本発明によれば、分岐トンネル施工用セグメントに補助的な強度を加えることができるので、分岐トンネル施工用セグメントを、従来に比べて強度を低減したコンクリートで形成できる。
したがって、分岐施工する箇所に発進開口をあけるまでの時間を大幅に短縮でき、分岐トンネルの施工効率を高め、コストダウンを図る上で極めて有利となる。
また、従来の同じ強度のコンクリートを用いて分岐トンネル施工用セグメントを形成した場合には、分岐トンネル施工用セグメントの薄肉化が図れるため、分岐施工する箇所に発進開口をあけるまでの時間を短縮でき、分岐トンネルの施工効率を高め、コストダウンを図る上で有利となる。 According to the present invention, since auxiliary strength can be added to the branch tunnel construction segment, the branch tunnel construction segment can be formed of concrete having a reduced strength as compared with the prior art.
Therefore, it is possible to greatly shorten the time required to open the start opening at the branch construction site, and it is extremely advantageous for improving the construction efficiency of the branch tunnel and reducing the cost.
In addition, when a branch tunnel construction segment is formed using conventional concrete of the same strength, the thickness of the branch tunnel construction segment can be reduced, so the time required to open the start opening at the branch construction location can be shortened. This is advantageous for improving the construction efficiency of branch tunnels and reducing costs.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面にしたがって説明する。
図１は分岐トンネル施工用セグメントの斜視図、図２は緊張材が配設された分岐トンネル施工用セグメントの側面図を示す。
分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２は、トンネル内で新たなトンネルを分岐施工する箇所に設置されるものである。
分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２は、セグメント本体１４と、緊張材用挿通孔１８と、補強シート２０とを含んで構成されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a branch tunnel construction segment, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the branch tunnel construction segment in which a tension material is disposed.
The branch tunnel construction segment 12 is installed at a location where a new tunnel is branched in the tunnel.
The branch tunnel construction segment 12 includes a segment body 14, a tendon insertion hole 18, and a reinforcing sheet 20.

セグメント本体１４は、円弧の板状に延在し、厚さ方向の一方の面がトンネルに臨む内周面１２Ａとされ、厚さ方向の他方の面が地山に臨む外周面１２Ｂとされる。
本実施の形態では、セグメント本体１４は、トンネルの軸方向に沿った幅Ｗよりも、トンネルの周面に沿って円弧状に延在する長さＬが大きい寸法で形成されている。
セグメント本体１４は、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易くしかも剛性が確保された材料で形成されている。このようなものとして、鉄筋などを用いないでガラス繊維や炭素繊維などを用いた従来公知の様々なセグメントが使用可能である。 The segment body 14 extends in the shape of a circular arc plate, and one surface in the thickness direction is an inner peripheral surface 12A facing the tunnel, and the other surface in the thickness direction is an outer peripheral surface 12B facing the ground. .
In the present embodiment, the segment main body 14 is formed with a dimension in which the length L extending in an arc shape along the circumferential surface of the tunnel is larger than the width W along the axial direction of the tunnel.
The segment body 14 is formed of a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine and that has ensured rigidity. As such, various conventionally known segments using glass fibers or carbon fibers without using reinforcing bars can be used.

緊張材用挿通孔１８は、セグメント本体１４の内部で延在し緊張材１６を挿通してその緊張材１６に引っ張り力を与えることでセグメント本体１４に圧縮力を与えるためのものである。
本実施の形態では、緊張材挿通孔１８は、セグメント本体１４の内部で前記円弧方向に延在し、セグメント本体１４の前記円弧方向の両端面１２Ｃにそれぞれ開口している。
そして、緊張材挿通孔１８に緊張材１６を挿通してその緊張材１６に引っ張り力を与えることでセグメント本体１４の円弧方向に圧縮力を与えるように形成されている。
本実施の形態では、セグメント本体１４の前記円弧方向の両端面１２Ｃにそれぞれ凹部２２が形成され、緊張材用挿通孔１８は、両端面１２Ｃの各凹部２２の底面にそれぞれ開口している。 The tension material insertion hole 18 is for extending the inside of the segment body 14, inserting the tension material 16, and applying a tensile force to the tension material 16, thereby applying a compression force to the segment body 14.
In the present embodiment, the tendon insertion holes 18 extend in the arc direction inside the segment body 14 and open to both end faces 12C of the segment body 14 in the arc direction.
The tension material 16 is inserted into the tension material insertion hole 18 and a tensile force is applied to the tension material 16 so as to apply a compressive force in the arc direction of the segment body 14.
In the present embodiment, recesses 22 are formed in both end surfaces 12C of the segment body 14 in the arc direction, and the tension material insertion holes 18 are opened in the bottom surfaces of the recesses 22 in the both end surfaces 12C.

本実施の形態では、セグメント本体１４の内部で円弧方向に延在するように管体２４が埋め込まれ、緊張材用挿通孔１８は管体２４の内部で構成されている。
管体２４は、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料で形成され、このような材料として例えば合成樹脂を用いることができる。 In the present embodiment, the tube body 24 is embedded so as to extend in the arc direction inside the segment body 14, and the tendon insertion hole 18 is configured inside the tube body 24.
The tube body 24 is formed of a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine. For example, a synthetic resin can be used as such a material.

また、セグメント本体１４の内周面１２Ａと前記外周面１２Ｂにそれぞれセグメント本体１４の強度を高めるための補強シート２０が取着されている。
補強シート２０は、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料から形成され、このような材料として、例えば、高強度炭素繊維などを使用可能である。 Further, reinforcing sheets 20 for increasing the strength of the segment main body 14 are attached to the inner peripheral surface 12A and the outer peripheral surface 12B of the segment main body 14, respectively.
The reinforcing sheet 20 is formed of a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine. As such a material, for example, high-strength carbon fiber can be used.

次に、分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２の使用方法について説明する。
緊張材１６を緊張材用挿通孔１８に挿通して緊張材１６に引っ張り力を与え、セグメント本体１４に前記円弧方向に圧縮力を与える。
より詳細に説明すると、緊張材１６として、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料を用い、このような材料として、例えば、炭素繊維やガラス繊維などがより糸状によられたものが使用可能である。
そして、緊張材１６を緊張材用挿通孔１８に挿通し、適宜機械や器具を用いて緊張材１６に引っ張り力を与えたのち、両端面１２Ｃの各凹部２２内において、係止具３０を緊張材１６に取着し、係止具３０から突出する緊張材１６部分を切断する。 Next, a method for using the branch tunnel construction segment 12 will be described.
The tension material 16 is inserted into the tension material insertion hole 18 to apply a tensile force to the tension material 16 and to apply a compressive force to the segment body 14 in the arc direction.
More specifically, as the tension member 16, a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine is used, and as such a material, for example, carbon fiber or glass fiber that is more string-like can be used. .
Then, after the tension member 16 is inserted into the tension member insertion hole 18 and a tension force is applied to the tension member 16 using an appropriate machine or instrument, the locking tool 30 is tensioned in each of the recesses 22 on both end surfaces 12C. Attaching to the material 16, the portion of the tension material 16 protruding from the locking tool 30 is cut.

この場合、係止具３０として、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料を用い、このような材料として、例えば、合成樹脂が使用可能である。
係止具３０の緊張材１６への取着は、かしめることにより、あるいは、接着剤を用いた接着によるなど、従来公知の様々な手段が採用可能である。
このように凹部２２内において緊張材１６の端部を固定することで、セグメント本体１４の両端面１２Ｃは、緊張材１６や係止具３０が突出していない平坦面となり、従来のセグメントと同様に取り扱われ、トンネル内に組み付けられていく。
なお、図面では省略されているが、分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２を含むセグメントどうしの結合は、それらの周方向の端面どうしや、幅方向の端面どうしが従来公知の様々な継ぎ手を用いて行なわれる。 In this case, a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of the shield machine is used as the locking tool 30, and for example, a synthetic resin can be used as such a material.
Various conventionally known means such as caulking or adhesion using an adhesive can be used to attach the locking member 30 to the tension member 16.
By fixing the end of the tension member 16 in the recess 22 in this way, both end surfaces 12C of the segment body 14 become flat surfaces from which the tension member 16 and the locking tool 30 do not protrude, as in the conventional segment. It will be handled and assembled in the tunnel.
Although not shown in the drawing, the segments including the branch tunnel construction segment 12 are connected to each other by using various conventionally known joints between their circumferential end faces and width direction end faces. .

本実施の形態によれば、分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２に緊張材１６を用いて補助的な強度を加えることができ、これにより分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２（セグメント本体１４）を、従来に比べて強度を低減したコンクリートで形成できる。
しかも緊張材１６、補強シート２０、管体２４、係止具３０などのセグメント本体１４に加えられた部材は、全てシールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料で形成されている。
したがって、分岐施工する箇所に発進開口をあけるまでの時間を大幅に短縮でき、分岐トンネルの施工効率を高め、コストダウンを図る上で極めて有利となる。
すなわち、従来に比べて強度を低減したコンクリートで分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２を形成できるので、切削が従来に比べて簡単になされ、また、硬度が低下するため従来に比べクラックは発生しにくくなり、したがって、シールド機による切削を効率よく行なえるようになる。 According to the present embodiment, it is possible to add supplementary strength to the branch tunnel construction segment 12 using the tendon 16, and thereby the branch tunnel construction segment 12 (segment body 14) can be compared with the conventional one. Can be made of concrete with reduced strength.
In addition, all members added to the segment main body 14 such as the tension member 16, the reinforcing sheet 20, the tubular body 24, and the locking tool 30 are formed of a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine.
Therefore, it is possible to greatly shorten the time required to open the start opening at the branch construction site, and it is extremely advantageous for improving the construction efficiency of the branch tunnel and reducing the cost.
That is, because the branch tunnel construction segment 12 can be formed of concrete with reduced strength compared to the conventional, cutting is made easier than before, and since the hardness is reduced, cracks are less likely to occur than before, Therefore, cutting with a shield machine can be performed efficiently.

実際には、１分間に２ミリメートル程度の進行が可能となり、分岐施工する箇所に発進開口をあけるまで５時間程度で済み、従来の半分の時間で発進開口が作れるようになる。
むろん、従来の同じ強度のコンクリートを用いて分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２を形成した場合にも、分岐トンネル施工用セグメント１２の薄肉化が図れるため、分岐施工する箇所に発進開口をあけるまでの時間を短縮でき、分岐トンネルの施工効率を高め、コストダウンを図る上で有利となる。 Actually, it is possible to travel about 2 millimeters per minute, and it takes about 5 hours to open the start opening at the branch construction site, and the start opening can be made in half of the conventional time.
Of course, even when the branch tunnel construction segment 12 is formed using conventional concrete of the same strength, the branch tunnel construction segment 12 can be made thinner, so it takes time to open the start opening at the branch construction location. It can be shortened, and it is advantageous for improving the construction efficiency of the branch tunnel and reducing the cost.

なお、緊張材１６のセグメント本体１４への取着は、セグメント本体１４の製造工場で行ってもよく、あるいは、トンネル内の現場で行なってもよい。
また、緊張材用挿通孔１８は、緊張材１６に引っ張り力を与えることでセグメント本体１４に圧縮力を与えられればよく、したがって、緊張材用挿通孔１８の両端の開口の位置は両端面１２Ｃに限定されず、例えば、両端面１２Ｃ寄りの内周面１２Ａの箇所であってもよい。
また、上下に隣接して配置されるセグメントにも緊張材用挿通孔１８を形成しておき、緊張材１６の端部の係止は、それら上下に隣接して配置されるセグメントで行うようにしてもよい。
また、緊張材用挿通孔１８の個数は、１つに限定されず、セグメント本体１４の大きさや形状、与えるべき圧縮力に応じて適宜決定され、したがって、２つ以上であってもよい。
また、緊張材用挿通孔１８の向きは円弧方向に限定されず、セグメント本体１４の大きさや形状、与えるべき圧縮力の向きに応じて適宜決定され、例えば、セグメント本体１４が、トンネルの軸方向に沿った幅Ｗが、トンネルの周面に沿って円弧状に延在する長さＬよりも大きい寸法で形成されている場合には、緊張材用挿通孔１８は、セグメント本体１４の幅方向に延在形成される。 The tension material 16 may be attached to the segment main body 14 at the manufacturing factory of the segment main body 14 or at the site in the tunnel.
Further, the tension material insertion hole 18 only needs to apply a compressive force to the segment body 14 by applying a tensile force to the tension material 16, and therefore the positions of the openings at both ends of the tension material insertion hole 18 are 12C on both end surfaces. For example, it may be a portion of the inner peripheral surface 12A near the both end surfaces 12C.
Further, the tension material insertion holes 18 are formed in the segments arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and the end portions of the tension material 16 are locked in the segments arranged adjacent to the vertical directions. May be.
Further, the number of the tendon insertion holes 18 is not limited to one, but is appropriately determined according to the size and shape of the segment body 14 and the compression force to be applied, and may be two or more.
Further, the orientation of the tendon insertion hole 18 is not limited to the arc direction, and is determined as appropriate according to the size and shape of the segment body 14 and the direction of the compressive force to be applied. Is formed with a dimension larger than the length L extending in an arc shape along the circumferential surface of the tunnel, the tendon insertion hole 18 is formed in the width direction of the segment body 14. Formed to extend.

分岐トンネル施工用セグメントの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the segment for branch tunnel construction. 緊張材が配設された分岐トンネル施工用セグメントの側面図である。It is a side view of the segment for branch tunnel construction in which the tension material was arrange | positioned.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１２……分岐トンネル施工用セグメント、１４……セグメント本体、１６……緊張材、１８……緊張材用挿通孔、２０……補強シート、２４……管体。   12 ... Segment for branch tunnel construction, 14 ... Segment main body, 16 ... Tension material, 18 ... Tension material insertion hole, 20 ... Reinforcement sheet, 24 ... Tube.

Claims (5)

トンネル内で新たなトンネルを分岐施工する箇所に設置される分岐トンネル施工用セグメントであって、
厚さ方向の一方の面がトンネルに臨む内周面とされ、厚さ方向の他方の面が地山に臨む外周面とされ円弧の板状に延在するコンクリート製のセグメント本体と、
前記セグメント本体に圧縮力を与える緊張材を挿通するための緊張材用挿通孔を構成している、前記セグメント本体に埋め込まれた、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなる管体と、
前記緊張材用挿通孔に挿通され、シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなる係止具を介して両端が前記セグメント本体に係止され、引っ張り力が与えられて前記セグメント本体に圧縮力を与える シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなる緊張材と、
シールド機のカッターにより切削し易い材料からなり前記内周面と前記外周面にそれぞれ取着された補強シートと、
を備えることを特徴とする分岐トンネル施工用セグメント。 A branch tunnel construction segment installed at a location where a new tunnel is branched in the tunnel,
A concrete segment body extending in the shape of a circular arc plate with one surface in the thickness direction being an inner peripheral surface facing the tunnel and the other surface in the thickness direction being an outer peripheral surface facing the natural ground,
Constitute a tendon for the insertion holes for inserting the tension member to provide a compressive force prior Symbol segment body, embedded in the segment body, a tube body made of a material easily cut by a cutter shield machine,
Both ends are locked to the segment body through a locking tool made of a material that is inserted into the insertion hole for the tendon material and is easily cut by a cutter of a shield machine, and a tensile force is applied to apply a compressive force to the segment body. Give a tension material made of a material that is easy to cut with a cutter of the shield machine,
Reinforcing sheets made of a material that can be easily cut by a cutter of a shielding machine and attached to the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface,
A branch tunnel construction segment characterized by comprising: 前記セグメント本体は、トンネルの軸方向に沿った幅よりも、トンネルの周面に沿って円弧状に延在する長さが大きい寸法で形成され、
前記緊張材挿通孔は、前記セグメント本体の内部で前記円弧方向に延在している、
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の分岐トンネル施工用セグメント。 The segment main body is formed with a dimension that extends in a circular arc shape along the circumferential surface of the tunnel, rather than a width along the axial direction of the tunnel,
The tendon insertion hole is in extending the arc direction within said segment body,
The segment for branch tunnel construction according to claim 1 characterized by things. 前記緊張材用挿通孔は、前記セグメント本体の前記円弧方向の両端面にそれぞれ開口している、
ことを特徴とする請求項２記載の分岐トンネル施工用セグメント。 The tendon insertion holes are respectively opened at both end surfaces of the segment body in the arc direction.
The branch tunnel construction segment according to claim 2, wherein: 前記セグメント本体の前記円弧方向の両端面にそれぞれ凹部が形成され、
前記緊張材用挿通孔は、前記凹部の底面にそれぞれ開口しており、
前記係止具は、前記凹部内に配設されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項２記載の分岐トンネル施工用セグメント。 Recesses are formed on both end surfaces in the arc direction of the segment body,
The tendon for the insertion hole is respectively opened in the bottom surface of the front Ki凹 portion,
The locking tool is disposed in the recess .
The branch tunnel construction segment according to claim 2, wherein: 前記管体は合成樹脂から成り、The tubular body is made of a synthetic resin,
前記緊張材は炭素繊維またはガラス繊維のより糸から成り、The tendon consists of strands of carbon fiber or glass fiber,
前記係止具は合成樹脂から成り、The fastener is made of synthetic resin,
前記補強シートは炭素繊維から成る、The reinforcing sheet is made of carbon fiber.
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の分岐トンネル施工用セグメント。The segment for branch tunnel construction according to claim 1 characterized by things.
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