JP3958153B2 - Support structure and method for widening tunnel - Google Patents

Support structure and method for widening tunnel Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3958153B2
JP3958153B2 JP2002251913A JP2002251913A JP3958153B2 JP 3958153 B2 JP3958153 B2 JP 3958153B2 JP 2002251913 A JP2002251913 A JP 2002251913A JP 2002251913 A JP2002251913 A JP 2002251913A JP 3958153 B2 JP3958153 B2 JP 3958153B2
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tunnel
support
existing
work
widening
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JP2004092079A (en
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英人 真下
利明 石村
純一郎 中森
洋人 野村
勉 木内
康政 藤原
由幸 小原
友三郎 藤永
秀行 掘内
達也 野間
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Taisei Corp
Fujita Corp
Shimizu Corp
National Research and Development Agency Public Works Research Institute
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Taisei Corp
Fujita Corp
Public Works Research Institute
Shimizu Corp
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、トンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造および方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、物流コンテナ・車両の大型化や交通量の増大に伴って、既設トンネルの断面拡大のニーズが増えつつある。
従来、そうしたトンネル拡幅工事は、トンネルの車線幅方向断面をトンネル径方向に一様に拡大する施工を行うのが一般的であった。
これに対して、施工期間短縮、施工コスト削減を図るため、あるいは産業廃棄物を低減するために、既設トンネルの覆工部の一部を破壊せずに残したまま、トンネル拡幅工事を施工することが行われている（例えば、特開平１０−２８０８６０号公報（特許文献１）参照）。
その際、特許文献１に記載された技術では、覆工部における既設支保工や既設覆工コンクリートを構造部材として再利用している。すなわち、覆工部に残された既設支保工のトンネル周方向の端部に、部材端力分散用プレートを介して新設支保工を接続して、拡幅部に延設していた。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、そのような従来のトンネル拡幅方法において、既設支保工の端部に新設支保工を接続する場合、拡幅部の新設支保工の、トンネル奥行き方向の配設ピッチは既設支保工の配設ピッチと同一になり、トンネル拡幅の規模、地山の条件によっては、必ずしも最適な配設ピッチとならないという問題があった。つまり、新設支保工と既設支保工の配設ピッチを同一にすると、拡幅部に建て込まれた新設支保工の負担すべき荷重が一般には、既設トンネルの支保工より大きなものになり、そのため、新設支保工には高剛性が要求され、結果として質量の大きい高価な部材を使わざるをえない。さらには支保工間の奥行き方向にも補強が必要となる場合がある。
【０００４】
本発明はこのような問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、既設トンネルの残された覆工部を利用してトンネル拡幅工事を行うにあたって、新設トンネルの支保工を既設支保工の配置位置または配設ピッチと異なるように接続することができるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造および方法を提案することを目的とする。
【０００５】
また、その施工時間を短縮でき、支保されていない地山に入る時間が短縮可能となり、結果として、工事の安全性が向上するトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造および方法を提案することを目的とする。
【０００６】
また、比較的軽い材料を用いて支保工が接続でき、作業性と安全性が向上するトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造および方法を提案することを目的とする。
【０００７】
さらに、比較的安価に施工できるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造および方法を提案することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明では、上記いずれかの課題を解決するために、請求項１に記載の発明では、既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、該接続部材が、前記既設支保工の、トンネル周方向に延ばされた端部に固設されるとともに、前記新設支保工の端部と対向される側の前記接続部材に前記新設支保工の受け部が設けられ、該受け部が、前記新設支保工のトンネル径方向の移動を規制する係止部材を備える構成を用いる。
そのため、新設支保工は、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して既設支保工と接続されるので、既設支保工との配置位置または配設ピッチが異なっても接続できる。
また、接続部材が既設支保工に固設されているので、既設支保工が接続部材に一体化されて補強され、接続部材にかかる荷重を確実に既設支保工に伝達でき、新設支保工の端部と対向される側の前記接続部材に新設支保工の受け部が設けられているので、新設支保工の接続が容易となる。
また、受け部に設けられた係止部材によって、新設支保工のトンネル径方向への移動が規制されるので、新設支保工の建て込みが容易で、より安全性の高い作業となる。
【００１１】
請求項２に記載の発明では、既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、前記トンネル周方向に延ばされた既設支保工の端部に固定部材が設けられ、該固定部材に前記接続部材が固定され、前記固定部材は、前記接続部材と接合される部材固定部と前記既設支保工の端部を挿入するはめ込み部を備えた構成を用いる。
そのため、新設支保工は、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して既設支保工と接続されるので、既設支保工との配置位置または配設ピッチが異なっても接続できる。
また、接続部材と既設支保工の接続は固定部材を介して行うので、既設支保工の端部に直接、接続部材を固設するための形状を設けなくとも固設が可能となる。
また、固定部材を既設支保工の端部を挿入するはめ込み部を備えたので、取り付けが容易で施工工期の短縮ができる。また既設支保工端部を確実に拘束でき、固定部材にかかる、新設支保工からの軸力を確実に既設支保工に伝達できる。
【００１３】
請求項３に記載の発明では、既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、前記接続部材が一方の端部を、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた他の接続部材の他方の端部にはめ合わせて結合する多分割接合構造とされた構成を用いる。
そのため、新設支保工は、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して既設支保工と接続されるので、既設支保工との配置位置または配設ピッチが異なっても接続できる。
また、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材の端部同士を互いにはめ合わせて結合するから、結合部分の剛性が向上し、より一体的な構造を実現できる。また、接続部材同士を接合する作業が容易で、作業性が向上する。
さらに、接続部材を分割しておき、施工時に結合して延ばすことができる。
【００１４】
請求項４に記載の発明では、請求項３に記載のトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造において、前記接続部材間の結合および前記接続部材を介した接合をボルト接合によって行う構成を用いる。
そのため、接続部材間の結合および接続部材を介した接合をボルト接合で行うので、比較的短時間かつ軽装備で作業ができ、作業性が向上する。
【００１５】
請求項５に記載の発明では、請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載のトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造において、前記接続部材が形鋼から加工されてなる構成を用いる。
そのため、接続部材として、汎用性のある形鋼を用いるので、質量に比して高い剛性を得ることができ、したがって、比較的軽量の部材で所望の効果をあげられる結果、作業性が向上する。また、汎用性のある形鋼を用いるので製造コストが安価になる。
【００１８】
請求項６に記載の発明では、既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、前記覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工を接続するトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続方法であって、トンネルの拡幅によって既設支保工に破断面を形成する工程と、該破断面に露出された、トンネル周方向に延びる既設支保工の端部にそれぞれ固定部材を取り付ける工程と、該固定部材にトンネル奥行き方向に接続部材を延ばして結合する工程と、該接続部材に、前記トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工を結合する工程とからなる方法を用いる。
そのため、既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、前記トンネル周方向に延ばされた既設支保工の端部に固定部材が設けられ、該固定部材に前記接続部材が固定された支保工接続構造を形成することができる。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下では、本発明の実施の形態を、添付図面を参照して説明する。なおすべての図面を通して、同一または相当する部材は、同一の符号を付している。
図１（ａ）は、本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造を備えるトンネルの概略を示す車線幅方向の断面図である。図１（ｂ）は、図１（ａ）のＡ部断面の拡大図である。
【００２１】
まず、簡単にトンネル拡幅工事の概略を説明する。
拡幅前の既設トンネルは、図１（ａ）に実線および２点鎖線で示したように、掘削された地山１７の内面に、例えば鋼アーチ支保工などからなる既設支保工１ａ…がトンネル奥行き方向（図１（ａ）の紙面奥行き方向）に所定のピッチで設置され、その上に（トンネル内側に）既設覆工コンクリート１ｂが打設され、既設トンネルの既設覆工部１が構成されることによって、地山１７の土圧が支持されている。
【００２２】
既設覆工部１の一部を再利用するトンネルの拡幅工事では、活線工事を行うため、プロテクター５を配設して一般車両６などの通行を確保する。そして、地山１７に対して補強の必要があれば、既設トンネル内部からロックボルトを打設するなどの補強を行う。そして図１（ａ）の実線で示された部分を残して、既設支保工１ａ…を含むそれ以外の既設覆工部１を除去する。残された既設覆工部１は、既設支保工１ａのトンネル周方向端部に破断面１ｃ…が、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂのトンネル周方向の端部に破断面１ｄが、それぞれ露出された状態とされる。次に、あるいは、前記既設覆工部１の除去と並行して、地山１７をトンネル車線幅方向に掘削して、所望の大きさ・形状に拡幅して拡幅部２を設ける。このときも地山１７に補強の必要があれば、ロックボルトの打設などの補強を行う。
【００２３】
次に拡幅部２の新設トンネルの形状に合わせて鋼アーチ支保工などによる新設支保工３…を建て込んで、既設覆工部１に接続し、コンクリートを吹き付け、さらにコンクリートが覆工として施工され、新設覆工コンクリート４が形成される。
【００２４】
なお通常、拡幅部２の形成と拡幅部２の支保工建て込みは、坑口側から切羽７を前進させて徐々に行うが、地山１７の状態やトンネルの長さによって１次支保のみで安全性が確保されるならば、拡幅を先行して行い、全ての拡幅が終わってから行われることもある。
【００２５】
本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造は、上記に説明したトンネル拡幅工事において、新設支保工３…と既設覆工部１とを、既設覆工部１に埋め込まれた既設支保工１ａ…の配設位置および配設ピッチと異なる配設位置および配設ピッチで接続することを可能とするものである。
【００２６】
本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第１実施の形態の一例を図２、３にそれぞれ示した。
本実施形態は、既設支保工１ａ…のトンネルの周方向に露出させられた破断面１ｃ…の端部先端に、固定部材９…がはめ込まれて取り付けられ、固定部材９…にトンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材８…が接続され、接続部材８…に新設支保工３…が接続された構成とされている。
【００２７】
破断面１ｃ…は、はめ込みの障害となるバリやゆがみが生じない程度に滑らかに削り落とされている。既設支保工１ａ…の端部の周囲は、固定部材９に合わせて周囲の既設覆工コンクリート１ｂおよび地山１７などがはつられ、図３に示したへこみ１９が設けられている。
【００２８】
既設支保工１ａの形状、材質は、拡幅するトンネルによって異なるので、図２、３に示したように、一例として矩形断面を有する角形鋼材による鋼アーチ式支保工として説明する。しかし、本発明は、それ以外の形状の支保工にも適用できるのは言うまでもない。本発明に関し、これ以外の形状特有のことは、以下に必要に応じて述べる。
【００２９】
固定部材９は、図３に示したように、直方体の一面が開口していて内部にへこんだ升型形状とされる。へこんだ升型形状は既設支保工１ａの端部を挿入するはめ込み部９ｂをなしている。開口の裏側には、接続部材８とボルト接合で接合されるための締結孔１６…を設けた部材固定部９ａを備えている。固定部材９は、例えば形鋼・鋼板などを適宜溶接して製作することができる。
【００３０】
接続部材８は、図３に示したように、例えば、断面がコの字の、直線状に延ばされた溝形部材のウェブに、新設支保工３の受け部が設けられ、そこにボルト接合するための締結孔１４…が設けられている。また、固定部材９にボルト接合するための締結孔１３…とを設け、端部８ｂには、この部材をトンネルの奥行き方向に延ばす他の接続部材８をボルト接合するための締結孔１５…が設けられている。この接続部材８の端部８ｂと反対側の端部には、この接続部材８を他の接続部材８に接合し、トンネルの奥行き方向に延ばすための、はめ合わせ部８ａが備えられている。
【００３１】
はめ合わせ部８ａは、前記他の接続部材８のコの字外形とはめ合わされるためのコの字部材がトンネル奥行き方向に延ばされて構成され、前記他の接続部材８の端部８ｂを覆うことが可能とされている。すなわち端部８ｂとウェブ、フランジをそれぞれ重ね合わせてはめ合わせることが可能とされている。はめ合わせ部８ａのウェブには前記他の接続部材８の端部８ｂをボルト接合するための締結孔１２…が設けられている。
【００３２】
接続部材８…は、例えば溝形鋼に適宜鋼材を溶接して、はめ合わせ部８ａの形状を形成し、各締結孔を穿孔して製作することができる。
【００３３】
新設支保工３…は、図３に示したように、Ｈ形の断面をもつ部材がトンネル周方向にアーチ状に延ばされた部材であって、そのトンネル周方向の端部には取付部３ａが備えられ、そこには接続部材８とボルト接合されるための締結孔１８が設けられている。図示の例では、新設支保工３…は、Ｈ形鋼をアーチ状に加工し、その一方の端部に、締結孔１８…が穿孔された鋼板が溶接されて取付部３ａが構成されている。
【００３４】
次に、各部材の接続構造を図２、３を参照して説明する。
図２、３に示したように、固定部材９…は、既設支保工１ａ…の露出された端部に対してそれぞれはめ込まれている。新設支保工３…と固定部材９…は、端部同士が接合されて長尺に延ばされた接続部材８に、それぞれ接合部材１０…によって接合される。接合部材１０は、ボルト１０ａとナット１０ｂとからなる。そこで、既設支保工１ａ…と新設支保工３…は、接続部材８…を介して一体に接続され、トンネル周方向に延ばされたアーチ構造を構成している。したがって、この接続構造によれば、既設支保工１ａと新設支保工３のトンネル奥行き方向の配設位置や配設ピッチが異なっていても互いに接続されているものである。
【００３５】
次に、上記に説明した本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第１実施の形態を設けるための支保工接続方法を、図２、３を参照して説明する。本方法は、以下の４つの工程からなる。
【００３６】
第１の工程は、トンネルの拡幅によって既設覆工部１を破断して、既設支保工１ａ…に破断面１ｃ…を、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂに破断面１ｄを形成する工程である。
まず、破断面１ｃ、１ｄを形成する面を、例えばコンクリートカッターやウォルソーなどによって切断する。コンクリートカッターやウォルソーなどを用いることによって、切断面は比較的平坦性のよい平面になっている。次に、既設覆工部１の不要部分を除去し、掘削して拡幅部２を形成する。残された既設覆工部１の端部には、地山１７と既設覆工コンクリート１ｂに埋もれている既設支保工１ａ…の破断面１ｃ…が形成されているが、必要であれば、固定部材９の周囲をはつり、はめ込みの障害となるバリやゆがみが生じない程度にさらに滑らかに削り落とす。
【００３７】
続く第２の工程は、露出された、トンネル周方向に延びる既設支保工１ａ…の端部にそれぞれ固定部材９…を取り付ける工程である。
まず既設支保工１ａ…の端部の周囲を固定部材９…に合わせて、その周囲の既設覆工コンクリート１ｂおよび地山１７をはつり、へこみ１９…を設ける。次に接合用のボルト１０ａ…を締結孔１６…に挿入した状態で、固定部材９…を既設支保工１ａ…の端部にへこみ１９に合わせてはめ込んで取り付ける。なお、固定部材９…と既設支保工１ａ…は、はめ込みを堅固にするためにモルタルなどによる接着を用いてもよい。
【００３８】
なお、固定部材９…とへこみ１９…、固定部材９…と既設支保工１ａ…の先端、のそれぞれの間には、はめ込むためには適度のすきまが必要だが、固定部材９…は、新設支保工３…と接続部材８…を介して、地山１７からの荷重をトンネル周方向の圧縮荷重として受け、はめ込みを引き抜く方向の荷重は働かないので、すきまのために接続が外れることはない。
【００３９】
一方で、固定部材９…とへこみ１９…、固定部材９…と既設支保工１ａ…の先端、のそれぞれの間には、すきまが少なく、はめ込み深さが深い方が、はめ込みが堅固になることは言うまでもない。したがって、それらの寸法を適宜のものとすることによって、新設支保工３…と既設支保工１ａ…が接続部分で曲げ変形や曲げによる回転を起こしにくくすることができる。
【００４０】
そこで、はめ込みを現物合わせし、例えば既設支保工１ａ…の外形を削って合わせるなどしてもよい。また比較的ゆるやかなすきまを設けておいて、すきまにモルタルなどの接着剤を流し込んで固定すれば、一層好ましく、固定部材９…をはめ込む作業性もよい。その場合、固定部材９…を接着する前に接続部材８…との結合に必要なボルト１０ａを組み込んでおくことは言うまでもない。
【００４１】
続く第３の工程は、接続部材８…をトンネル奥行き方向に延ばして、固定部材９…に接合する工程である。
まず、接続部材８…の締結孔１３…に固定部材９…の締結孔１６…から出ているボルト１０ａ…を挿入し、ナット１０ｂ…で締めて、接続部材８と固定部材９を接合し、トンネル拡幅の進行に伴う切羽７の前進に合わせて、別の接続部材８…を用意し、接合済みの接続部材８の端部８ｂに、他の接続部材８のはめ合わせ部８ａを重ね合わせ、締結孔１２…、１５…同士をボルト１０ａ…、ナット１０ｂ…でボルト接合して、接続部材８を延ばす。
【００４２】
続く第４の工程は、接続部材８…に、トンネル周方向に延びる新設支保工３…接合する工程である。すなわち、新設支保工３…と接続部材８…を締結孔１８…、１４…同士をボルト接合する工程である。以上述べた工程を実施し、切羽７の前進に合わせてそれを繰り返すことによって、順次、本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工構造を構築していくことができる。
【００４３】
上記に説明したように、本実施形態によれば、接続部材８…を介して新設支保工３…と既設支保工１ａ…をボルト接合して接続するので、新設支保工３…と既設支保工１ａ…の配置位置や配設ピッチが異なっても容易に接続可能であり、接続部材８…を介して一体化しているので、新設支保工３…の軸力を既設支保工１ａに確実に伝達できる。また、接続部材８…として形鋼で製作された部材を用いるので、軽量高強度であり、多分割接合構造とするので、施工現場でも容易に組み立てることができて搬入に好都合であり、さらに軽量となるので作業性がよく、安全性も向上する。
【００４４】
また、固定部材９…、接続部材８…、新設支保工３…の間の接合にボルト接合を用いているので、接合が簡単であり、特殊な接合手段も必要としない。したがって切羽近傍の現場で作業することが容易で、作業性がよく、また施工時間も短縮され作業の安全性も高い。その結果、施工期間も短縮される。
【００４５】
また、本発明は、接続部材８をトンネルの掘削の進行に合わせて徐々に延ばして新設支保工３を設置することが可能であることを一つの特徴としているが、そのためにも上記の特色が効果を発揮する。すなわち、結合のために大きな装置を必要としないので、掘削装置など切羽７に置かれる機械類を大がかりに退避させなくても、接続作業を続けられるという利点がある。そのため、施工の段取り替えに要する時間が少なくて済み、結果として施工期間を短縮できる。
【００４６】
さらに、接続部材８の接続機構は接続部材８に設けた締結孔なので、結合位置や、結合強度（締結本数）を必要に応じて変えたり、あらかじめ複数の汎用締結孔を設けておいたりすることが可能となり、施工設計に対する自由度が大きくなる利点がある。
【００４７】
なお、上記では、トンネルの拡幅と新設支保工３…の建て込みを並行するものとして説明し、切羽７の前進に応じて、接続部材８を接合するとしたが、例えば、トンネルの長さや地山１７の状態によっては、新設支保工３の建て込みに先立って、拡幅部２を形成してもよい。また、接続部材８…はあらかじめ接合しておいて長尺の状態として、トンネル内に搬入してもよい。
【００４８】
なお、上記に説明した、はめ合わせ部８ａの形状、ボルトの方向、本数などは、一例に過ぎず、必要に応じて適宜変更してもよい。しかし、溝形鋼で作られた接続部材８を両方のフランジ部分においてボルト接合する場合、坑道内部側からは締結は容易であるが、地山１７側の作業はかなり困難である。その点、トンネル周方向を締結方向とすることは作業性において勝るという利点がある。
【００４９】
なお、上記に説明した形状の他に、接合のために様々な付加的な構造を、接続部材８…、固定部材９…、新設支保工３…に設けてもよいことは言うまでもない。特に、接続部材８の締結孔１４のある新設支保工３の受け部に新設支保工３が接合される側に、新設支保工３をトンネル径方向に挟みこむフランジ（係止部材）を設けておくことは、好都合である。
【００５０】
また、このように接続部材８…の形状を工夫できるので、新設支保工３…の様々な形状にも対応しやすくなっている。すなわち、接続部材８…は、単なる既設支保工１ａ…と新設支保工３…の配設位置、配設ピッチの違いを吸収する手段であるばかりでなく、それぞれの接続インタフェースの変換を行う手段にもなっている。
【００５１】
なお、上記の説明では、固定部材９が升型形状の鋼材、接続部材８が溝形鋼をもとに加工した部材として説明したが、本発明はそれぞれの部材をそれだけに限定するものではないことは言うまでもない。
【００５２】
なお、固定部材９では、はめ込み部９ｂは、挿入する既設支保工１ａの断面が矩形の角形鋼材を想定したので、升型形状としたが、既設支保工１ａの断面形状により、さらにはめ込みやすく、はめ込まれた状態で荷重が適切に伝達できる形状を選ぶことが望ましい。例えば、Ｖ字形鋼であれば、はめ込み部９ｂの断面をＶ字状もしくは三角形状とすることが望ましい。
【００５３】
また既設支保工１ａには、鋼アーチ支保工の場合、Ｈ形鋼がよく用いられる。この場合には、はめ込み形状をＨ形断面に相似状とすればもっとも効果的であるが、Ｈ形鋼の上下のフランジをちょうど含むような矩形断面の升型形状としても十分に端部に拘束できるため目的を達しうる。つまり、はめ込むとは、力学的によく拘束されるようにはめ込むという意味である。例えば、固定部材９が図２の断面形状のみのコの字形状であれば、図２の紙面方向に直接荷重を受けることができないので、図２の掘削方向まわりの曲げモーメントに確実に抗することができない。もちろん、すきまにコンクリートを充填すれば、曲げモーメントにある程度は抗することができる接続支点を得ることができるが、升型形状には及ばない。
【００５４】
なお、固定部材９の材質は、鉄鋼材、鉄筋コンクリート部材、さらに鉄鋼部材を一部に埋め込んだコンクリート部材などとしてもよい。後二者は、内外のはめ込み形状を比較的自由に製作できる利点があり、特に後者は、接続部材８との接続部分を鋼材で製作して部材に一体化すれば、接続部分の構造の自由度が増すという利点がある。
【００５５】
また接続部材８は、汎用的な溝形鋼を加工した部材としたが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばすことができる所望の剛性が得られるはり部材であれば、溝形鋼に限定されないことは言うまでもない。たとえば、汎用的なその他の形鋼を採用できる。いずれも、中実断面を有する条鋼、棒材、板材に比べ、小さい質量で同等の剛性を得られる。
【００５６】
なお、上記の説明では、接続部材８との接合をボルト接合とする例で説明したが、これに限るものではない。例えば、鋼材どうしを結合する一般的手段はどれでも採用できる。例えば、溶接、リベット締結である。この場合、接続部材８にそれぞれの作業に好都合な付加的形状を設けることは効果的である。例えば、接続部材８のフランジの反対側に別部材を溶接してそれぞれフランジ形状を設け、新設支保工３をはめ込む受け部を設けてもよい。さらに、その受け部を溶接代として新設支保工３と接続部材８を溶接したり、その受け部にリベット打ち込み孔を設けておいてリベット接合したりしてもよい。あるいは、接続部材８のウェブ上にトンネルの周方向に延びるフランジを設けて、新設支保工３とはトンネル奥行き方向の側面で溶接、リベット締結する、などである。さらに、固定部材９の部材固定部９ａに、ボルトを溶接などしてあらかじめ取り付けておき、接続部材８をナット締めするものでもよい。
【００５７】
次に、本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第２実施の形態を説明する。図４（ａ）は、図１（ｂ）のＡ部断面における第２実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。図４（ｂ）は、図４（ａ）のＣ−Ｃ断面図である。
本実施形態は、上記第１実施の形態と同様に、新設支保工３と既設覆工部１を、接続部材を介して接続するが、固定部材をなくして接続部材を簡素化するものである。
【００５８】
本実施形態では、既設覆工部１、既設支保工１ａ…、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂの構成は、上記第１実施の形態と同様なので、説明を省略する。既設支保工１ａ…は、Ｈ形断面として図示されているが、他の断面形状でもよいことは言うまでもない。既設支保工１ａ…の先端には同様に破断面１ｃ…が形成されている。既設覆工コンクリート１ｂは、破断面１ｄを備える。
【００５９】
破断面１ｃ…は、トンネル奥行き方向に延びる平面に整列されるよう設けられている。破断面１ｄは、少なくとも既設支保工１ａ…の配設ピッチ間では、破断面１ｃ…が破断面１ｄよりも突出するように、適宜はつられている。
【００６０】
既設支保工１ａ…の破断面１ｃ…上には、例えば、フランジ２０ａ、２０ｃの平面部とその間をつなぐウェブ２０ｂを備えるＨ形鋼からなる直線状の接続部材２０が、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされており、そのフランジ２０ｃが破断面１ｃ…に溶接により固定されている。
【００６１】
フランジ２０ａには、トンネル奥行き方向に配設される新設支保工２１…の、それぞれのトンネル周方向端部を受けるために、適宜位置に受け部２０ｄ…が設けられている。受け部２０ｄ…は、例えば、断面がコの字で、ウェブの両端にフランジ２０ｅを備える溝形鋼を適宜幅に切断し、そのウェブをフランジ２０ａに溶接などによって固定することができる。受け部２０ｄのフランジ２０ｅ、２０ｅは、トンネル径方向に配設され、新設支保工２１をその間に挟み、新設支保工２１のトンネル径方向の移動を規制するように構成された係止部材とされている。
【００６２】
新設支保工２１…は、それぞれのトンネル周方向端部がフランジ２０ｅ、２０ｅの間に挟まれた状態で、受け部２０ｄ上に接続される。接続は、例えば溶接を採用することができる。また、地山１７の状態などによっては単に受け部２０ｄに当接させるだけでもよい。新設支保工２１…は、Ｈ形鋼などの鋼アーチ支保工を採用することができるが、トンネル周方向端部がフランジ２０ｅ、２０ｅに挟まれ、受け部２０ｄ上に当接可能であれば、断面形状はＨ形に限定されない。
【００６３】
次に、上記の本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第２実施の形態を設けるための支保工接続方法を説明する。
まず、上記第１実施の形態で説明した第１の工程を行い、既設支保工１ａ…のトンネル周方向端部に破断面１ｃ…を形成する。例えばコンクリートカッターやウォルソーなどを用いるので、このように形成された破断面１ｃ…はトンネル奥行き方向に延びる同一平面上に整列させて設けることは容易である。
【００６４】
続いて第５の工程では、破断面１ｃ…が露出するように破断面１ｃ…の周囲の既設覆工コンクリート１ｂおよび地山１７を適宜はつる。すなわち、破断面１ｃ…上に接続部材２０を置いたとき接続部材２０と破断面１ｃ…の間が接合できなくなるような浮きなどが生じないようにする。
【００６５】
続いて第６の工程では、あらかじめ適宜位置に受け部２０ｄ…を取り付けた接続部材２０を搬入し、破断面１ｃ…と、例えば溶接などによって接合する。作業をより容易にするため、接続部材２０のフランジ２０ｃには、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂとの接合位置に位置決め、接合または係止のための孔、切欠きや突起などを形成しておいてもよい。
【００６６】
続いて第７の工程では、拡幅部２に新設支保工２１…を建て込み、それぞれのトンネル周方向端部を受け部２０ｄに当接させて接続する。新設支保工２１…が地山１７から土圧を受けても、トンネル径方向にはフランジ２０ｅ（係止部材）により移動が規制され、トンネル周方向の軸力は受け部２０ｄを介して接続部材２０と既設覆工コンクリート１ｂ…に伝達されるから、土圧を支持することができる。さらに、フランジ２０ｅ、２０ｅと新設支保工２１とのすきまと重なりを適宜の調節すれば接続部での曲げモーメントにもよく抗することが可能となる。
【００６７】
なお、地山１７の状態によっては、新設支保工２１…と受け部２０ｄを例えば溶接したり、ボルト接合したりして接合することができる。そのために、あらかじめ受け部２０ｄやフランジ２０ｅには、新設支保工２１…との接合位置に位置決めまたは接合のための孔、切欠きや突起などを形成しておいてもよい。
上記に説明した方法によれば、本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第２実施の形態を構築することができる。
【００６８】
次に本実施形態の作用を説明する。
本実施形態によれば、図４（ｂ）に示したように、接続部材２０…を介して新設支保工２０…と既設支保工１ａ…を接続するので、新設支保工２１…と既設支保工１ａ…の配置位置や配設ピッチが異なっても容易に接続可能である。また、接続部材２０…に新設支保工２１…を接合して一体化すれば、新設支保工３…の軸力を既設支保工１ａに一層確実に伝達できる。
【００６９】
また、接続部材２０…として形鋼で製作された部材を用いるので、軽量高強度であり、作業性がよく、安全性も向上する。また形鋼のフランジ面、ウェブなどの形状をそのまま用いて接合することができるので、安価に製作することができる。
【００７０】
なお、接続部材２０は多分割されていてもいなくてもよいが、第１実施の形態と同様に、多分割接続構造とすれば、トンネル拡幅による切羽７の進行とともに、継ぎ足して取り付けることができてきわめて好都合である。さらに坑道外で組み立てて長尺に延ばしてから取り付けるようにしてもよい。そのためには、接続部材２０…同士の接続は、一般に形鋼を継ぎ足すのと同様に、フランジやウェブに板部材を当てて溶接したり、ボルト接合してよい。このようにすれば、接続部材２０が分割されて作業性がよくなり、搬送コストが抑えられる利点もある。
【００７１】
次に、上記第２実施の形態の変形例を説明する。
図５（ａ）に示したのは、図１（ｂ）のＡ部断面における第２実施の形態の変形例を示す断面図である。図５（ｂ）は、図５（ａ）のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。
【００７２】
本変形例では、図５に示したように、上記第２実施の形態の接続部材２０に代えて、ウェブ２２ａの両端にフランジ２２ｂ、２２ｂが設けられたコの字断面を備える溝形鋼からなる接続部材２２を用いる点のみが異なる。既設支保工１ａ端部の破断面１ｃには接続部材２２のウェブ２２ａが載せられて接合され、ウェブ２２ａから拡幅部２側にフランジ２２ｂ、２２ｂが延ばされている。フランジ２２ｂ、２２ｂが延ばされている側のウェブ２２ａ裏面は、新設支保工２１…の受け部を構成し、そこに新設支保工２１…が当接され接続されている。フランジ２２ｂ、２２ｂは、新設支保工２１…のトンネル径方向の移動を規制する係止部材を構成する。
【００７３】
本変形例を構築する方法は、上記説明で接続部材２０を適宜接続部材２２に置き換えれば容易に理解できるので説明は省略する。
【００７４】
本変形例によれば、フランジ２２ｂ、２２ｂが係止部材と接続部材２２の強度補強部材を兼ねており、きわめて簡素な接続部材となっている。したがって、きわめて安価に製作できる利点がある。また、フランジ２２ｂ、２２ｂは、接続部材２２の延設方向のすべてに設けられるので、新設支保工２１…の配設位置はどこであってもよく、その配設位置に合わせて受け部を設ける必要がないので好都合である。
【００７５】
ところで、前述の第１実施の形態や変形例を含む第２実施の形態での接続部材８、２０、２２であるが、支保工接続部において座屈が考えられる場合には、接続部材に適宜補強リブを設けることが好ましい。
【００７６】
次に、本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第３実施の形態を説明する。図６（ａ）は、図１（ｂ）のＡ部断面における第３実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。図６（ｂ）は、図６（ａ）のＥ−Ｅ断面図である。
本実施形態は、新設支保工３と既設覆工部１を、接続部材を用いることなく接続するものである。
【００７７】
本実施形態では、図６（ａ）に示したように、新設支保工３…が、既設覆工部１のうち、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂの破断面１ｄにボルト接合されて接続された構成とする。破断面１ｄには、例えば、雌ねじの形成されたホールインアンカー２５…が打ち込まれている。新設支保工３…の端部には、上記に説明したように継手板に締結孔１８…を備えた取付部３ａが設けられており（図６では不図示）、締結孔１８…に挿通されたボルト２４…をホールインアンカー２５の雌ねじにねじ込むことによって、新設支保工３…が既設覆工コンクリート１ｂにボルト接合された構成とされている。
【００７８】
次に、上記の本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第３実施の形態を設けるための支保工接続方法を説明する。
まず、上記第１実施の形態で説明した第１の工程を行い、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂに破断面１ｄを形成する。全体を平面とすることは容易であるが、破断面１ｄは、必ずしも全体が平面である必要はなく、新設支保工３…の当接面が接合しやすい程度に平面が形成されればよい。
【００７９】
続いて、第８の工程では、破断面１ｄの所定位置にホールインアンカー２５を打ち込むための穴を穿孔する。この穴はホールインアンカー２５を打ち込むための穴なので、例えば、破断面１ｄにマーキングし、その位置にハンドドリルで穿孔するなどの簡単な手段によって形成することができる。そして、穿孔された穴にホールインアンカー２５…を打ち込む。
【００８０】
続いて、第９の工程では、新設支保工３…の締結孔１８…（不図示）をホールインアンカー２５…の雌ねじの位置に合わせ、ボルト２４…によってボルト接合する。なお、新設支保工３…は土圧を受けて既設覆工コンクリート１ｂを圧縮する方向の軸力を伝達するので、ホールインアンカー２５が抜けることはない。
上記に説明した方法によれば、本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第３実施の形態を構築することができる。
【００８１】
次に本実施形態の作用を説明する。
本実施形態によれば、新設支保工３…を既設覆工コンクリート１ｂにボルト接合することによって、既設覆工部１と接続するので、既設支保工１ａの位置によらず接続できるから、新設支保工３…と既設支保工１ａ…の配置位置や配設ピッチが異なっても容易に接続可能である。破断面１ｄを形成したあとの作業が穿孔とホールインアンカー２５の打ち込みとボルト接合だけなので、きわめて容易であり、迅速に接続を行うことができる。
【００８２】
また、新設支保工３…の接続位置は、破断面１ｄのどこでもよいので、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂの存在する範囲では、トンネル奥行き方向のみならず、トンネル径方向にも配置の自由度があり、既設覆工コンクリート１ｂが、トンネル径方向に厚い場合には特に好都合である。
【００８３】
なお、ホールインアンカー２５…は、雌ねじを設けたものに限定されるものではなく、ボルト（雄ねじ）を設けたものでもよい。その場合、ボルト２４…の代わりにナットを用いることは言うまでもない。
【００８４】
なお、ホールインアンカー２５は、コンクリートに取付穴を設けてその中に端部を挿入して取付穴に固定させるものであれば、いわゆるホールインアンカーに限らず採用することができる。例えば、種々の機械的固定の他に、化学的固定を用いるケミカルアンカーなどであってもよい。
【００８５】
なお、接続部の強度補強を行うために、図７に示したように、Ｌ形鋼などで製作した固定金具２６を新設支保工３の側面などに沿わせて固設してもよい。固設の手段は、固定金具２６と新設支保工３の間は溶接またはボルト接合が、固定金具２６と既設覆工コンクリート１ｂの間はホールインアンカー２５を用いたボルト接合、またはコンクリートによる接着などが採用できる。
【００８６】
【発明の効果】
以上に述べたように、請求項１に記載では、新設支保工は、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して既設支保工と接続されるので、既設支保工との配置位置または配設ピッチが異なっても接続できるから、新設支保工の配設位置や配設ピッチを最適のものとして、新設支保工の形状や強度を合理的に設計することができ、作業性や経済性にすぐれたものとすることができるという効果を奏する。
また、接続部材が既設支保工に固設されているので、既設支保工が接続部材に一体化されて補強され、接続部材にかかる荷重を確実に既設支保工に伝達できるので、既設支保工を構造部材として有効に利用できるという効果を奏する。
また、新設支保工の端部と対向される側の接続部材に新設支保工の受け部が設けられているので、新設支保工の接続が容易となるから、作業性が向上し施工時間の短縮をはかることができるとともに、トンネル拡幅工事の安全性が向上するという効果を奏する。
また、新設支保工のトンネル径方向への移動が規制されるので、地山の状態によっては、新設支保工を受け部に固定しなくとも土圧による圧縮荷重を受けるだけで接続状態を存続できるという効果を奏する。
【００８９】
請求項２に記載の発明では、新設支保工は、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して既設支保工と接続されるので、既設支保工との配置位置または配設ピッチが異なっても接続できるから、新設支保工の配設位置や配設ピッチを最適のものとして、新設支保工の形状や強度を合理的に設計することができ、作業性や経済性にすぐれたものとすることができるという効果を奏する。
また、接続部材と既設支保工の接続は固定部材を介して行うので、既設支保工の端部に直接、接続部材を固設するための形状を設けなくとも固設が可能となり、種々の既設トンネルの拡幅工事を容易に行うことができるという効果を奏する。
また、トンネル内で既設支保工を加工する作業が削減できるので、施工時間を短縮することができるとともに、支保工完成以前のトンネル内の作業を減らすことができて施工の安全性を向上することができるという効果を奏する。
また、固定部材を既設支保工の端部を挿入するはめ込み部を備えたので、取り付けが容易で施工時間の短縮ができるという効果を奏する。
また既設支保工端部を確実に拘束でき、固定部材にかかる、新設支保工からの軸力を確実に既設支保工に伝達できるという効果を奏する。
【００９１】
請求項３に記載の発明では、新設支保工は、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して既設支保工と接続されるので、既設支保工との配置位置または配設ピッチが異なっても接続できるから、新設支保工の配設位置や配設ピッチを最適のものとして、新設支保工の形状や強度を合理的に設計することができ、作業性や経済性にすぐれたものとすることができるという効果を奏する。
また、接続部材の端部同士を互いにはめ合わせて結合するから、結合部分の剛性が向上し、より一体的な構造を実現できるとともに、接続部材同士を接合する作業がきわめて容易となり、作業性が向上し、施工工期が短縮できるという効果を奏する。
さらに、接続部材を分割しておき、施工時に結合して延ばすことができるから、接続部材の保管や搬送の取り扱いが容易となり、作業性が向上するとともに、搬送コストが低減されるという効果を奏する。
【００９２】
請求項４に記載の発明では、接続部材間の結合および接続部材を介した接合をボルト接合で行うので、比較的短時間かつ軽装備で作業ができ、作業性が向上するという効果を奏する。
さらに、トンネル奥行き方向に接続部材を延ばして結合する方法なので、徐々に拡幅を進めながらその都度切羽直前まで支保工接続の作業を進めることができ、支保されていないトンネル内での作業を減らすことができ、結果として安全性が向上するという効果を奏する。
【００９３】
請求項５に記載の発明では、接続部材として、汎用性のある形鋼を用いるので、質量に比して高い剛性を得ることができ、したがって、比較的軽量の部材で所望の効果をあげられる結果、作業性が向上し、汎用性のある形鋼を用いるので製造コストが安価になるという効果を奏する。
【００９６】
請求項６に記載の発明では、接続部材と既設支保工の接続は固定部材を介して行うので、既設支保工の端部に直接、接続部材を固設するための形状を設けなくとも固設が可能となり、種々の既設トンネルの拡幅工事を容易に行うことができるという効果を奏する。
また、トンネル内で既設支保工を加工する作業が削減できるので、施工時間を短縮することができるとともに、支保工完成以前のトンネル内の作業を減らすことができて施工の安全性を向上することができるという効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造を備えるトンネルの概略を示す車線幅方向の断面図およびそのＡ部断面拡大図である。
【図２】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第１実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。
【図３】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第１実施の形態の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図４】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第２実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。
【図５】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第２実施の形態の変形例を示す断面図である。
【図６】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第３実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。
【図７】 本発明に係るトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造の、第３実施の形態の、別の一例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 既設覆工部
１ａ 既設支保工
１ｂ 既設覆工コンクリート
１ｃ、１ｄ 破断面
２ 拡幅部
３、２１ 新設支保工
３ａ 取付部
７ 切羽
８、２０、２２ 接続部材
８ａ はめ合わせ部
９ 固定部材
９ａ 部材固定部
９ｂ はめ込み部
１０ 接合部材
１０ａ、２４ ボルト
１０ｂ ナット
１２、１３、１４、１５、１６、１８ 締結孔
１９ へこみ
２５ ホールインアンカー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a support connection structure and method for widening a tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with the increase in the size of logistics containers and vehicles and the increase in traffic volume, the need for expanding the cross section of existing tunnels is increasing.
Conventionally, such tunnel widening work is generally performed by uniformly expanding the cross section in the lane width direction of the tunnel in the tunnel radial direction.
On the other hand, in order to shorten the construction period, construction cost, or reduce industrial waste, the tunnel widening work will be carried out while leaving a part of the lining part of the existing tunnel intact. (See, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-280860 (Patent Document 1)).
At that time, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the existing support work and the existing lining concrete in the lining part are reused as the structural member. That is, the new support is connected to the end of the existing support remaining in the lining portion in the tunnel circumferential direction via the member end force distribution plate, and extends to the widened portion.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventional tunnel widening method, when a new support is connected to the end of the existing support, the installation pitch in the tunnel depth direction of the new support of the widened part is the installation pitch of the existing support. There is a problem that the optimum arrangement pitch is not necessarily obtained depending on the size of the tunnel widening and the condition of the natural ground. In other words, if the arrangement pitch of the new support work and the existing support work is made the same, the load that should be borne by the new support work built in the widened part is generally larger than the support work of the existing tunnel. The new support construction requires high rigidity, and as a result, an expensive member with a large mass must be used. Furthermore, reinforcement may be required in the depth direction between support works.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and when performing tunnel widening work using the remaining lining portion of the existing tunnel, the support for the new tunnel is placed at the position of the existing support or An object of the present invention is to propose a support connection structure and method for widening a tunnel that can be connected differently from the arrangement pitch.
[0005]
In addition, the construction time can be shortened, the time to enter unsupported ground can be shortened, and as a result, the support connection structure and method at the time of tunnel widening that improve the safety of construction is proposed. To do.
[0006]
Another object of the present invention is to propose a support connection structure and method for widening a tunnel, which can connect a support using a relatively light material, and improve workability and safety.
[0007]
Furthermore, it aims at proposing the support connection structure and method at the time of the tunnel widening which can be constructed comparatively cheaply.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In the present invention, in order to solve any of the above-described problems, in the invention according to claim 1, the existing tunnel is left on one side of the left and right in the lane width direction, and the widened portion is formed by excavating on the opposite side. In the tunnel widening work in which a new support work is installed in the widening part to widen the tunnel, the existing support work is left in the existing lining part, and the new support work is extended to the existing support work in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. A support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening to which a support work is connected, wherein the existing support work and the new support work are connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via a connection member extended in the tunnel depth direction.The connecting member is fixed to the end portion of the existing support member extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the new support member is attached to the connection member on the side facing the end portion of the new support member. The receiving portion is provided with a locking member that restricts the movement of the new support construction in the tunnel radial direction.Use the configuration.
  Therefore, since the new support work is connected to the existing support work through the connection member extended in the tunnel depth direction, the new support work can be connected even if the arrangement position or the arrangement pitch of the existing support work is different.
  In addition, since the connecting member is fixed to the existing support, the existing support is integrated and reinforced with the connecting member, and the load applied to the connecting member can be reliably transmitted to the existing support. Since the receiving member for the new support is provided on the connecting member on the side facing the part, the connection of the new support is facilitated.
  In addition, since the movement of the new support work in the tunnel radial direction is restricted by the locking member provided in the receiving portion, the new support work can be easily built, and the work becomes safer.
[0011]
  Claim2In the invention described inIn the tunnel widening work in which the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widening part is provided by excavating on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widening part to widen the tunnel. A support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening, in which an existing support work is left in the existing lining part, and a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work, and the existing support work and The new support works are connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via the connection members extended in the tunnel depth direction, and a fixing member is provided at the end of the existing support work extended in the tunnel circumferential direction, The connecting member is fixed to a fixing member;The fixing member includes a member fixing portion to be joined to the connecting member and a fitting portion into which an end portion of the existing support work is inserted.
  for that reason,Since the new support work is connected to the existing support work through a connecting member extended in the tunnel depth direction, the new support work can be connected even if the arrangement position or arrangement pitch of the existing support work is different.
  Further, since the connection member and the existing support work are connected via the fixing member, the connection member can be fixed without providing a shape for fixing the connection member directly at the end of the existing support work.
  Also,Since the fixing member is provided with the fitting portion for inserting the end portion of the existing support work, the attachment is easy and the construction work period can be shortened. Further, the existing support end can be reliably restrained, and the axial force applied to the fixed member from the new support can be reliably transmitted to the existing support.
[0013]
  Claim3In the invention described inIn the tunnel widening work in which the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widening part is excavated on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widening part to widen the tunnel. A support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening in which an existing support work is left in the lining part and a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work. The support work is connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via a connecting member extended in the tunnel depth direction,The connecting member has one endOther connecting members extended in the tunnel depth directionA multi-divided joint structure that fits and joins the other end is used.
  for that reason,Since the new support work is connected to the existing support work through a connecting member extended in the tunnel depth direction, the new support work can be connected even if the arrangement position or arrangement pitch of the existing support work is different.
  Also, it was extended in the tunnel depth directionSince the end portions of the connection member are fitted to each other and coupled, the rigidity of the coupling portion is improved, and a more integrated structure can be realized. Moreover, the operation | work which joins connection members is easy, and workability | operativity improves.
  Furthermore, the connecting member can be divided and combined and extended during construction.
[0014]
  Claim4In the invention described in claim3In the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening described in the above, a structure is used in which the connection between the connection members and the connection via the connection member are performed by bolt connection.
  Therefore, since the connection between the connection members and the connection via the connection members are performed by bolt bonding, the work can be performed in a relatively short time with light equipment, and workability is improved.
[0015]
  Claim5In the invention described in claim 1,4In the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to any one of the above, a structure in which the connection member is processed from a shape steel is used.
  Therefore, since a general-purpose shape steel is used as the connecting member, it is possible to obtain a high rigidity as compared with the mass. Therefore, as a result of obtaining a desired effect with a relatively lightweight member, workability is improved. . Moreover, since a versatile shape steel is used, the manufacturing cost is reduced.
[0018]
  Claim6In the invention described in the above, the existing tunnel is left on the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the existing lining part is left, the widened part is formed by excavating on the opposite side, and the new support is built in the widened part to widen the tunnel In widening work, an existing support work is left in the lining part, and a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work. Forming a fractured surface in the existing support by widening, attaching a fixing member to each end of the existing support extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel exposed on the fractured surface, and in the tunnel depth direction on the fixed member A method comprising a step of extending and connecting the connecting member, and a step of combining the connecting member with a newly installed supporting work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is used.
  for that reason,In the tunnel widening work in which the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widening part is excavated on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widening part to widen the tunnel. A support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening in which an existing support work is left in the lining part and a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work. The supporting work is connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via a connecting member extended in the tunnel depth direction, and a fixing member is provided at the end of the existing supporting work extended in the tunnel circumferential direction. The connecting member is fixed to the memberA support connection structure can be formed.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which is the same or corresponds through all the drawings.
Fig.1 (a) is sectional drawing of the lane width direction which shows the outline of a tunnel provided with the support connection structure at the time of the tunnel widening which concerns on this invention. FIG.1 (b) is an enlarged view of the A section cross section of Fig.1 (a).
[0021]
First, the outline of tunnel widening work will be briefly explained.
As shown by the solid line and the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1A, the existing tunnel before widening has an existing support 1a made of, for example, a steel arch support on the inner surface of the excavated natural ground 17. Is installed at a predetermined pitch in the direction (the depth direction in FIG. 1 (a)), and the existing lining concrete 1b is placed thereon (inside the tunnel) to form the existing lining portion 1 of the existing tunnel. The earth pressure of the natural ground 17 is supported by this.
[0022]
In the widening work of the tunnel that reuses a part of the existing lining part 1, a protector 5 is provided to secure the passage of the general vehicle 6 and the like in order to perform the hot line work. If there is a need to reinforce the natural ground 17, reinforcement such as placing a lock bolt from inside the existing tunnel is performed. Then, the existing lining part 1 including the existing supporting work 1a... Is removed, leaving the portion indicated by the solid line in FIG. The remaining existing lining part 1 is in a state in which the fracture surface 1c... Is exposed at the tunnel circumferential end of the existing support 1a and the fracture surface 1d is exposed at the tunnel circumferential end of the existing lining concrete 1b. It is said. Next, or in parallel with the removal of the existing lining portion 1, the natural ground 17 is excavated in the tunnel lane width direction and widened to a desired size and shape to provide the widened portion 2. At this time, if it is necessary to reinforce the natural ground 17, reinforcement such as placement of a lock bolt is performed.
[0023]
Next, in accordance with the shape of the new tunnel of the widening part 2, a new support 3 by a steel arch support is built, connected to the existing lining part 1, concrete is sprayed, and then the concrete is constructed as a lining A new lining concrete 4 is formed.
[0024]
Normally, the formation of the widened portion 2 and the support construction of the widened portion 2 are carried out gradually by advancing the face 7 from the wellhead side, but it is safe only by primary support depending on the state of the ground 17 and the length of the tunnel. If the property is secured, widening is performed in advance, and may be performed after all widening is completed.
[0025]
The support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention is the existing support work 1a in which the new support work 3... And the existing lining part 1 are embedded in the existing lining part 1 in the tunnel widening work described above. It is possible to connect at a disposition position and a disposition pitch different from the disposition position and disposition pitch of.
[0026]
An example of the first embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention is shown in FIGS.
In the present embodiment, the fixing member 9 is fitted and attached to the end of the fracture surface 1c exposed in the circumferential direction of the tunnel of the existing support 1a, and is attached to the fixing member 9 in the tunnel depth direction. The extended connecting members 8 are connected, and the newly installed support members 3 are connected to the connecting members 8.
[0027]
The fracture surface 1c is cut off smoothly to such an extent that burrs and distortions that hinder fitting are not generated. The periphery of the end portion of the existing supporting work 1a... Is provided with the surrounding existing lining concrete 1b and the natural ground 17 according to the fixing member 9, and is provided with the dent 19 shown in FIG.
[0028]
Since the shape and material of the existing support 1a are different depending on the tunnel to be widened, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, as an example, a description will be given as a steel arch type support with a rectangular steel material having a rectangular cross section. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to support structures having other shapes. Other features specific to the present invention will be described below as necessary.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 3, the fixing member 9 has a bowl shape in which one surface of a rectangular parallelepiped is open and is recessed. The recessed saddle shape forms a fitting portion 9b into which the end portion of the existing support 1a is inserted. On the back side of the opening, there is provided a member fixing portion 9a provided with fastening holes 16 for joining to the connection member 8 by bolt joining. The fixing member 9 can be manufactured by, for example, appropriately welding a shape steel or a steel plate.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting member 8 is provided with a receiving portion for the new support 3 on a web of a channel-shaped member having a U-shaped cross section and extending in a straight line. Fastening holes 14 for joining are provided. Further, fastening holes 13 for bolting the fixing member 9 are provided, and fastening holes 15 for bolting other connecting members 8 extending the member in the depth direction of the tunnel are provided at the end portion 8b. Is provided. A fitting portion 8a for joining the connecting member 8 to another connecting member 8 and extending it in the depth direction of the tunnel is provided at the end opposite to the end 8b of the connecting member 8.
[0031]
The fitting portion 8a is formed by extending a U-shaped member for fitting with the U-shaped outer shape of the other connecting member 8 in the tunnel depth direction. It is possible to cover. That is, the end portion 8b, the web, and the flange can be overlapped and fitted. Fastening holes 12 for bolting the end 8b of the other connecting member 8 are provided in the web of the fitting portion 8a.
[0032]
The connecting members 8 can be manufactured by, for example, appropriately welding a steel material to groove steel to form the shape of the fitting portion 8a, and drilling each fastening hole.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 3, the new support 3 is a member in which a member having an H-shaped cross section is extended in an arch shape in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. 3a is provided, and a fastening hole 18 for bolting to the connecting member 8 is provided therein. In the example shown in the figure, the new support 3 is formed into an arch shape by processing an H-shaped steel, and a mounting plate 3a is formed by welding a steel plate having fastening holes 18 to one end thereof. .
[0034]
Next, the connection structure of each member will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fixing members 9 are fitted into the exposed ends of the existing supports 1 a. The new support members 3 and the fixing members 9 are joined to the connecting members 8 that are joined to each other at their ends and joined to each other by the joining members 10. The joining member 10 includes a bolt 10a and a nut 10b. Therefore, the existing support works 1a ... and the new support works 3 ... are integrally connected via the connecting members 8 ... to constitute an arch structure extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Therefore, according to this connection structure, the existing support works 1a and the new support work 3 are connected to each other even if the arrangement positions and arrangement pitches in the tunnel depth direction are different.
[0035]
Next, a support connection method for providing the first embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention described above will be described with reference to FIGS. This method consists of the following four steps.
[0036]
The first step is a step of breaking the existing lining part 1 by widening the tunnel to form a fracture surface 1c in the existing support 1a ... and a fracture surface 1d in the existing lining concrete 1b.
First, the surfaces forming the fracture surfaces 1c and 1d are cut by, for example, a concrete cutter or a walsaw. By using a concrete cutter, a walsaw, or the like, the cut surface is a relatively flat surface. Next, unnecessary portions of the existing lining portion 1 are removed and excavated to form the widened portion 2. The left end of the existing lining part 1 is formed with a fracture surface 1c ... of the existing support 1a ... buried in the ground 17 and the existing lining concrete 1b. The periphery of the member 9 is pinched and scraped off more smoothly to the extent that no burr or distortion that hinders fitting occurs.
[0037]
The subsequent second step is a step of attaching the fixing members 9 to the exposed end portions of the existing supports 1a extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
First, the periphery of the end portion of the existing supporting work 1a is aligned with the fixing member 9, and the existing covering concrete 1b and the ground 17 are surrounded to provide the dent 19. Next, in a state where the bolts 10a for joining are inserted into the fastening holes 16 ..., the fixing members 9 ... are fitted and fitted to the end portions of the existing supporting work 1a ... according to the recesses 19a. The fixing members 9 and the existing support 1a may be bonded by mortar or the like in order to make the fitting firmly.
[0038]
It should be noted that an appropriate clearance is required between the fixing member 9 and the recess 19 and between the fixing member 9 and the tip of the existing support 1a, but the fixing member 9 is a newly installed support. The load from the natural ground 17 is received as a compressive load in the tunnel circumferential direction via the works 3 and the connection members 8 and the load in the direction of pulling out the inset does not work, so the connection is not disconnected due to the clearance.
[0039]
On the other hand, there is less clearance between each of the fixing member 9 and the recess 19 and the fixing member 9 and the tip of the existing support 1a, and the deeper the fitting depth, the stronger the fitting. Needless to say. Therefore, by appropriately setting these dimensions, it is possible to make it difficult for the newly installed support works 3... And the existing support works 1 a.
[0040]
Therefore, it is also possible to match the fittings in place, for example, by trimming the outer shape of the existing support 1a. In addition, it is more preferable to provide a relatively gentle gap and to fix the gap by pouring an adhesive such as mortar, and the workability of fitting the fixing members 9 is good. In that case, it goes without saying that the bolts 10a necessary for the connection with the connecting members 8 are incorporated before the fixing members 9 are bonded.
[0041]
The subsequent third step is a step of extending the connecting members 8 in the tunnel depth direction and joining them to the fixing members 9.
First, bolts 10a ... coming out of fastening holes 16 ... of the fixing members 9 ... are inserted into the fastening holes 13 ... of the connecting members 8 ... and tightened with nuts 10b ... to join the connecting member 8 and the fixing member 9; In accordance with the advancement of the face 7 accompanying the progress of the tunnel widening, another connection member 8 is prepared, and the fitting portion 8a of the other connection member 8 is superimposed on the end 8b of the joined connection member 8, The fastening holes 12, 15, are bolted together with bolts 10 a, nuts 10 b, and the connection member 8 is extended.
[0042]
The subsequent fourth step is a step of joining the connecting members 8 to the new support 3 extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. That is, this is a process of bolting the newly installed support members 3 and the connecting members 8 to the fastening holes 18. By carrying out the steps described above and repeating it in accordance with the advancement of the face 7, it is possible to sequentially construct a support structure for tunnel widening according to the present invention.
[0043]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the new support 3 is connected to the existing support 1a through the connecting members 8 ... so that the new support 3 is connected to the existing support 3a. 1a... Can be easily connected even if the arrangement position and arrangement pitch of 1a are different and are integrated through the connecting member 8... So that the axial force of the new support 3 is reliably transmitted to the existing support 1a. it can. Further, since a member made of a shape steel is used as the connecting member 8 ..., it is lightweight and strong, and has a multi-part joining structure, so that it can be easily assembled at the construction site and is convenient for carrying in, and further lightweight. Therefore, workability is good and safety is improved.
[0044]
Moreover, since the bolt joint is used for joining between the fixing members 9..., The connecting members 8..., And the new support work 3..., Joining is easy and no special joining means is required. Therefore, it is easy to work in the field near the face, workability is good, construction time is shortened, and work safety is high. As a result, the construction period is also shortened.
[0045]
In addition, the present invention is characterized in that it is possible to install the new support 3 by gradually extending the connecting member 8 in accordance with the progress of tunnel excavation. Demonstrate the effect. That is, since a large device is not required for the connection, there is an advantage that the connection work can be continued without evacuating the machinery placed on the face 7 such as an excavator. Therefore, the time required for the setup change of the construction can be reduced, and as a result, the construction period can be shortened.
[0046]
Furthermore, since the connection mechanism of the connection member 8 is a fastening hole provided in the connection member 8, the coupling position and the coupling strength (number of fastenings) may be changed as necessary, or a plurality of general-purpose fastening holes may be provided in advance. This has the advantage that the degree of freedom in construction design is increased.
[0047]
In the above description, the widening of the tunnel and the installation of the new support 3 are described as being parallel, and the connecting member 8 is joined in accordance with the advancement of the face 7. For example, the length of the tunnel or the natural ground Depending on the state 17, the widened portion 2 may be formed prior to the construction of the new support 3. Further, the connecting members 8 may be joined in advance and carried into the tunnel as a long state.
[0048]
In addition, the shape of the fitting part 8a demonstrated above, the direction of a volt | bolt, the number, etc. are only examples, and may be suitably changed as needed. However, when the connecting member 8 made of channel steel is bolted at both flange portions, it is easy to fasten from the inside of the tunnel, but the work on the ground 17 side is considerably difficult. In that respect, there is an advantage in that workability is superior when the tunnel circumferential direction is the fastening direction.
[0049]
In addition to the shapes described above, it goes without saying that various additional structures for joining may be provided in the connecting members 8..., The fixing members 9. In particular, a flange (locking member) for sandwiching the new support 3 in the tunnel radial direction is provided on the side where the new support 3 is joined to the receiving portion of the new support 3 having the fastening hole 14 of the connection member 8. It is convenient to leave.
[0050]
In addition, since the shape of the connecting members 8 can be devised in this way, it is easy to cope with various shapes of the newly installed support works 3. That is, the connecting members 8 are not only means for absorbing the difference in arrangement position and arrangement pitch between the existing support works 1a and the new support works 3 but also means for converting the respective connection interfaces. It is also.
[0051]
In the above description, the fixing member 9 is described as a saddle-shaped steel material, and the connecting member 8 is a member processed based on channel steel. However, the present invention is not limited to that. Needless to say.
[0052]
In addition, in the fixing member 9, the fitting portion 9b is assumed to be a square shape because the section of the existing supporting work 1a to be inserted is assumed to be a rectangular steel material, but it is more easily fitted by the cross-sectional shape of the existing supporting work 1a It is desirable to select a shape that can properly transmit the load when it is fitted. For example, in the case of V-shaped steel, it is desirable that the cross-section of the fitting portion 9b be V-shaped or triangular.
[0053]
In the case of a steel arch support, H-shaped steel is often used for the existing support 1a. In this case, it is most effective if the fitting shape is similar to the H-shaped cross section, but it is sufficiently constrained to the end even if the rectangular cross-sectional shape just includes the upper and lower flanges of the H-shaped steel. The purpose can be achieved. In other words, fitting means to fit so as to be restrained mechanically. For example, if the fixing member 9 has a U-shape having only the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 2, it cannot receive a load directly in the direction of the paper of FIG. 2, and thus reliably resists the bending moment around the excavation direction of FIG. I can't. Of course, if the gap is filled with concrete, a connection fulcrum that can resist the bending moment to some extent can be obtained, but it does not reach the saddle shape.
[0054]
The material of the fixing member 9 may be a steel material, a reinforced concrete member, or a concrete member in which a steel member is partially embedded. The latter two have the advantage that the inner and outer fitting shapes can be manufactured relatively freely. In particular, the latter can be manufactured freely if the connecting portion with the connecting member 8 is made of steel and integrated with the member. There is an advantage of increasing the degree.
[0055]
The connecting member 8 is a member obtained by processing general-purpose channel steel, but it is needless to say that the connection member 8 is not limited to channel steel as long as it is a beam member capable of obtaining desired rigidity that can be extended in the tunnel depth direction. . For example, other general-purpose steel shapes can be used. In any case, the same rigidity can be obtained with a small mass as compared with a steel bar, bar, or plate having a solid cross section.
[0056]
In the above description, the example in which the joint with the connection member 8 is a bolt joint has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, any general means for joining steel materials can be adopted. For example, welding and rivet fastening. In this case, it is effective to provide the connecting member 8 with an additional shape convenient for each operation. For example, another member may be welded to the opposite side of the flange of the connection member 8 to provide a flange shape, and a receiving portion into which the new support work 3 is fitted may be provided. Further, the support part 3 and the connecting member 8 may be welded using the receiving part as a welding allowance, or a rivet driving hole may be provided in the receiving part and rivet joining may be performed. Or the flange extended in the circumferential direction of a tunnel is provided on the web of the connection member 8, and it is welded and rivet-fastened with the new support work 3 at the side surface of a tunnel depth direction. Further, a bolt may be attached to the member fixing portion 9a of the fixing member 9 in advance by welding or the like, and the connection member 8 may be nut-tightened.
[0057]
Next, a second embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4A is a sectional view showing an example of the second embodiment in the section A of FIG. 1B. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
In the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the new support 3 and the existing lining part 1 are connected via the connecting member, but the fixing member is eliminated and the connecting member is simplified. .
[0058]
In the present embodiment, the configuration of the existing lining part 1, the existing supporting work 1a,..., And the existing lining concrete 1b is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. Although the existing supporting work 1a ... is illustrated as an H-shaped cross section, it is needless to say that other cross sectional shapes may be used. The fracture surface 1c ... is similarly formed in the front-end | tip of the existing support work 1a .... The existing lining concrete 1b has a fracture surface 1d.
[0059]
The fracture surface 1c is provided so as to be aligned with a plane extending in the tunnel depth direction. The torn surface 1d is suitably provided so that the torn surface 1c... Protrudes more than the torn surface 1d at least between the arrangement pitches of the existing supports 1a.
[0060]
On the fracture surface 1c of the existing support 1a ..., for example, a straight connection member 20 made of H-shaped steel having a flat portion of the flanges 20a, 20c and a web 20b connecting between them extends in the tunnel depth direction. The flange 20c is fixed to the fracture surface 1c by welding.
[0061]
The flange 20a is provided with receiving portions 20d at appropriate positions in order to receive the respective ends in the circumferential direction of the tunnels of the new support works 21 arranged in the tunnel depth direction. The receiving portions 20d can have, for example, a U-shaped cross section, and a groove steel having flanges 20e at both ends of the web is cut into a suitable width and the web can be fixed to the flange 20a by welding or the like. The flanges 20e and 20e of the receiving portion 20d are disposed in the tunnel radial direction, and are locking members configured to sandwich the new support 21 and restrict the movement of the new support 21 in the tunnel radial direction. ing.
[0062]
The new support works 21 are connected to the receiving part 20d in a state in which the respective ends in the circumferential direction of the tunnel are sandwiched between the flanges 20e and 20e. The connection can employ welding, for example. Further, depending on the state of the natural ground 17 or the like, it may be simply brought into contact with the receiving portion 20d. The new support 21 can adopt a steel arch support such as H-shaped steel, but if the tunnel circumferential end is sandwiched between the flanges 20e and 20e and can contact the receiving part 20d, The cross-sectional shape is not limited to the H shape.
[0063]
Next, the support connection method for providing 2nd Embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of the tunnel widening which concerns on said this invention is demonstrated.
First, the first step described in the first embodiment is performed to form the fracture surface 1c... At the end portion of the existing support 1a. For example, since a concrete cutter, a walsaw, or the like is used, it is easy to arrange the fractured surfaces 1c... Formed in this manner on the same plane extending in the tunnel depth direction.
[0064]
Subsequently, in the fifth step, the existing lining concrete 1b and the natural ground 17 around the fracture surface 1c are appropriately hung so that the fracture surface 1c is exposed. That is, when the connecting member 20 is placed on the fractured surface 1c, a floating or the like that prevents joining between the connecting member 20 and the fractured surface 1c is prevented.
[0065]
Subsequently, in the sixth step, the connecting member 20 with the receiving portions 20d attached in advance at appropriate positions is carried in and joined to the fracture surface 1c, for example, by welding. In order to make the operation easier, the flange 20c of the connecting member 20 may be formed with a hole, a notch or a protrusion for positioning, joining or locking at the joining position with the existing lining concrete 1b. Good.
[0066]
Subsequently, in the seventh step, new support works 21 are built in the widened portion 2, and the respective circumferential ends of the tunnels are brought into contact with the receiving portions 20d to be connected. Even if the new support 21 is subjected to earth pressure from the natural ground 17, the movement in the tunnel radial direction is restricted by the flange 20e (locking member), and the axial force in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected via the receiving portion 20d. 20 and the existing lining concrete 1b... Can be supported by earth pressure. Furthermore, if the clearance and the overlap between the flanges 20e, 20e and the new support 21 are appropriately adjusted, the bending moment at the connecting portion can be well resisted.
[0067]
Depending on the state of the natural ground 17, the new support work 21... And the receiving portion 20 d can be joined by, for example, welding or bolt joining. For this purpose, holes, notches or protrusions for positioning or joining may be formed in the receiving portion 20d or the flange 20e in advance at the joining position with the new support work 21.
According to the method described above, the second embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention can be constructed.
[0068]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
According to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the new support work 20 ... and the existing support work 1a are connected via the connecting members 20 ..., so the new support work 21 ... and the existing support work 21 are connected. Even if the arrangement positions and arrangement pitches of 1a. Further, if the new support works 21 are joined and integrated with the connecting members 20 ..., the axial force of the new support works 3 can be more reliably transmitted to the existing support work 1a.
[0069]
Moreover, since the member manufactured with the shape steel is used as the connection member 20 ..., it is lightweight and high-strength, workability | operativity is good, and safety | security improves. Moreover, since it can join using the shape of a flange surface of a shape steel, a web, etc. as it is, it can manufacture at low cost.
[0070]
The connection member 20 may or may not be divided into multiple parts. However, as in the first embodiment, the connection member 20 can be attached in addition to the progress of the face 7 due to the widening of the tunnel if the multi-part connection structure is used. Is very convenient. Furthermore, it may be attached after being assembled outside the mine shaft and elongated. For that purpose, the connection between the connecting members 20... May be welded by applying a plate member to a flange or a web, or bolted, in the same manner as generally adding shape steel. If it does in this way, the connection member 20 will be divided | segmented, workability | operativity will improve and there also exists an advantage by which conveyance cost is suppressed.
[0071]
Next, a modification of the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 5A is a sectional view showing a modification of the second embodiment in the section A of FIG. 1B. FIG.5 (b) is DD sectional drawing of Fig.5 (a).
[0072]
In this modified example, as shown in FIG. 5, instead of the connecting member 20 of the second embodiment, a grooved steel having a U-shaped cross section provided with flanges 22b and 22b at both ends of the web 22a. The only difference is that the connecting member 22 is used. The web 22a of the connecting member 22 is placed on and joined to the fracture surface 1c at the end of the existing support 1a, and flanges 22b and 22b are extended from the web 22a to the widened portion 2 side. The back surface of the web 22a on the side where the flanges 22b, 22b are extended constitutes a receiving portion of the newly installed support work 21 ..., and the newly installed support work 21 ... is contacted and connected thereto. The flanges 22b and 22b constitute a locking member that restricts the movement of the newly installed support works 21 in the tunnel radial direction.
[0073]
Since the method of constructing this modification can be easily understood by replacing the connecting member 20 with the connecting member 22 as appropriate in the above description, the description is omitted.
[0074]
According to this modified example, the flanges 22b and 22b serve as both the locking member and the strength reinforcing member of the connection member 22, and are extremely simple connection members. Therefore, there is an advantage that it can be manufactured at a very low cost. Further, since the flanges 22b and 22b are provided in all the extending directions of the connection member 22, the installation positions of the newly installed support works 21 may be anywhere, and it is necessary to provide a receiving portion according to the installation position. This is convenient.
[0075]
By the way, although it is the connection members 8, 20, and 22 in 2nd Embodiment including the above-mentioned 1st Embodiment and a modification, when buckling is considered in a support connection part, it is suitable for a connection member. It is preferable to provide a reinforcing rib.
[0076]
Next, a third embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the third embodiment in the section A of FIG. 1B. FIG.6 (b) is EE sectional drawing of Fig.6 (a).
In the present embodiment, the new support work 3 and the existing lining part 1 are connected without using a connection member.
[0077]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the new support 3 is connected to the fracture surface 1d of the existing lining concrete 1b in the existing lining portion 1 by being bolted and connected. To do. For example, hole-in anchors 25 in which female threads are formed are driven into the fracture surface 1d. At the end of the new support 3 ..., as described above, there is provided a mounting portion 3a provided with a fastening hole 18 ... in the joint plate (not shown in FIG. 6), and is inserted through the fastening hole 18 .... The new support works 3 are bolted to the existing lining concrete 1b by screwing the bolts 24 to the female threads of the hole-in anchor 25.
[0078]
Next, the support connection method for providing 3rd Embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of the tunnel widening which concerns on said this invention is demonstrated.
First, the 1st process demonstrated by the said 1st Embodiment is performed, and the torn surface 1d is formed in the existing lining concrete 1b. Although it is easy to make the whole flat, the fractured surface 1d does not necessarily have to be a flat surface as long as the abutment surface of the new support 3 is easily joined.
[0079]
Subsequently, in the eighth step, a hole for driving the hole-in anchor 25 is drilled at a predetermined position of the fracture surface 1d. Since this hole is a hole for driving the hole-in anchor 25, it can be formed by simple means such as marking the fracture surface 1d and drilling at that position with a hand drill. Then, hole-in anchors 25 are driven into the drilled holes.
[0080]
Subsequently, in the ninth step, the fastening holes 18 (not shown) of the new supporters 3 are aligned with the positions of the female screws of the hole-in anchors 25, and are bolted by bolts 24. The new support 3 is subjected to earth pressure and transmits the axial force in the direction of compressing the existing lining concrete 1b, so that the hole-in anchor 25 does not come off.
According to the method described above, the third embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention can be constructed.
[0081]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
According to the present embodiment, since the new support 3 is connected to the existing cover 1 by bolting to the existing cover concrete 1b, it can be connected regardless of the position of the existing support 1a. Even if the arrangement positions and arrangement pitches of the works 3... And the existing support works 1a. Since the operations after forming the fracture surface 1d are only drilling, driving in the hole-in anchor 25 and bolting, it is extremely easy and can be quickly connected.
[0082]
In addition, since the connection position of the new support 3 can be anywhere on the fractured surface 1d, in the range where the existing lining concrete 1b exists, there is a degree of freedom in arrangement not only in the tunnel depth direction but also in the tunnel radial direction, This is particularly advantageous when the existing lining concrete 1b is thick in the tunnel radial direction.
[0083]
The hole-in anchors 25 are not limited to those provided with female threads, but may be provided with bolts (male threads). In that case, it goes without saying that nuts are used instead of the bolts 24.
[0084]
The hole-in anchor 25 is not limited to a so-called hole-in anchor as long as it is provided with a mounting hole in concrete and an end portion is inserted into the hole to be fixed to the mounting hole. For example, in addition to various mechanical fixations, chemical anchors using chemical fixation may be used.
[0085]
In addition, in order to reinforce the strength of the connecting portion, as shown in FIG. 7, a fixing bracket 26 made of L-shaped steel or the like may be fixed along the side surface of the new support 3. The fixing means includes welding or bolt joining between the fixing bracket 26 and the new support 3, bolting using the hole-in anchor 25 between the fixing bracket 26 and the existing lining concrete 1 b, or adhesion by concrete. Can be adopted.
[0086]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, in the first aspect, the new support is connected to the existing support through the connecting member extended in the tunnel depth direction. Since connection is possible even when the installation pitch is different, it is possible to rationally design the shape and strength of the new support work by optimizing the placement position and pitch of the new support work, which improves workability and economy. There is an effect that it can be made excellent.
  In addition, since the connection member is fixed to the existing support work, the existing support work is integrated and reinforced with the connection member, and the load applied to the connection member can be reliably transmitted to the existing support work. There exists an effect that it can be effectively used as a structural member.
  In addition, since the support member for the new support work is provided on the connection member facing the end of the new support work, the connection of the new support work becomes easy, improving workability and shortening the construction time. As well as improving the safety of tunnel widening work.
  In addition, since the movement of the newly installed support in the tunnel radial direction is restricted, the connection state can be maintained only by receiving a compressive load due to earth pressure without fixing it to the receiving part depending on the state of the ground. There is an effect.
[0089]
  Claim2In the invention described inSince the new support is connected to the existing support through a connecting member that extends in the tunnel depth direction, it can be connected even if the arrangement position or pitch of the existing support is different. With the optimal arrangement position and arrangement pitch, it is possible to rationally design the shape and strength of the newly installed support work, and there is an effect that the workability and economy can be improved.
  In addition, since the connection member and the existing support work are connected via the fixing member, the connection member can be fixed without providing a shape for fixing the connection member directly at the end of the existing support work. The tunnel can be widened easily.
  In addition, since the work to process the existing support work in the tunnel can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened and the work in the tunnel before the support work is completed can be reduced to improve the construction safety. There is an effect that can be.
  In addition, since the fixing member is provided with the fitting portion for inserting the end portion of the existing support work, it is easy to attach and the construction time can be shortened.
  Moreover, the existing support work end can be reliably restrained, and the axial force from the new support work applied to the fixing member can be reliably transmitted to the existing support work.
[0091]
  Claim3In the invention described inSince the new support is connected to the existing support through a connecting member that extends in the tunnel depth direction, it can be connected even if the arrangement position or pitch of the existing support is different. With the optimal arrangement position and arrangement pitch, it is possible to rationally design the shape and strength of the newly installed support work, and there is an effect that the workability and economy can be improved.
  Also,Since the ends of the connecting members are fitted to each other, the rigidity of the connecting portion is improved, a more integrated structure can be realized, and the work of joining the connecting members becomes extremely easy and workability is improved. The construction period can be shortened.
  Furthermore, since the connecting member can be divided and joined and extended at the time of construction, it is easy to store and transport the connecting member, improve workability, and reduce the transport cost. .
[0092]
  Claim4In the invention described in (1), since the connection between the connection members and the connection via the connection members are performed by bolt connection, it is possible to work with a relatively short amount of light equipment and to improve workability.
  In addition, since the connecting members are extended and combined in the tunnel depth direction, the work of connecting the support works can be advanced to just before the working face each time while gradually increasing the width, reducing the work in the unsupported tunnel. As a result, the safety is improved.
[0093]
  Claim5In the invention described in the above, since a general-purpose shape steel is used as the connecting member, it is possible to obtain a high rigidity compared to the mass. As a result, the versatile shape steel is used, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
[0096]
  Claim6In the invention described inSince the connection member and the existing support work are connected via the fixed member, it is possible to fix the connection member without providing a shape for fixing the connection member directly at the end of the existing support work. There is an effect that the widening work can be easily performed.
  In addition, since the work to process the existing support work in the tunnel can be reduced, the construction time can be shortened and the work in the tunnel before the support work is completed can be reduced to improve the construction safety. There is an effect that can be.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the lane width direction showing an outline of a tunnel having a support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention, and an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion A thereof.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a first embodiment of a support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a first embodiment of a support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a second embodiment of a support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a modification of the second embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a third embodiment of a support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another example of the third embodiment of the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Existing lining part
1a Existing support
1b Existing lining concrete
1c, 1d fracture surface
2 Widening part
3, 21 New support construction
3a Mounting part
7 face
8, 20, 22 Connecting member
8a fitting part
9 Fixing member
9a Member fixing part
9b Inset part
10 Joining members
10a, 24 volts
10b nut
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18 Fastening hole
19 dent
25 Hole-in Anchor

Claims (6)

既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、
前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、
前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、
該接続部材が、前記既設支保工の、トンネル周方向に延ばされた端部に固設されるとともに、
前記新設支保工の端部と対向される側の前記接続部材に前記新設支保工の受け部が設けられ、
該受け部が、前記新設支保工のトンネル径方向の移動を規制する係止部材を備えることを特徴とするトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造。In the tunnel widening work where the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widened part is excavated on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widened part to widen the tunnel.
An existing support work is left in the existing lining part, and a support work connection structure at the time of tunnel widening in which a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work,
The existing support work and the new support work are connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via a connection member extended in the tunnel depth direction ,
The connecting member is fixed to the end of the existing support work, which extends in the circumferential direction of the tunnel,
The connection member on the side facing the end of the new support work is provided with a receiving part of the new support work ,
The support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening, wherein the receiving portion includes a locking member that restricts movement of the newly installed support in the tunnel radial direction. 既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、
前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、
前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、
前記トンネル周方向に延ばされた既設支保工の端部に固定部材が設けられ、該固定部材に前記接続部材が固定され、
前記固定部材は、前記接続部材と接合される部材固定部と前記既設支保工の端部を挿入するはめ込み部を備えたことを特徴とするトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造。In the tunnel widening work where the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widened part is excavated on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widened part to widen the tunnel.
An existing support work is left in the existing lining part, and a support work connection structure at the time of tunnel widening in which a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work,
The existing support work and the new support work are connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via a connection member extended in the tunnel depth direction ,
A fixing member is provided at an end of the existing support extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and the connection member is fixed to the fixing member ,
The support member connection structure at the time of tunnel widening, wherein the fixing member includes a member fixing portion joined to the connection member and a fitting portion into which an end portion of the existing support member is inserted. 既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、
前記既設覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工が接続されるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造であって、
前記既設支保工と新設支保工とが、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた接続部材を介して、トンネル周方向に接続され、
前記接続部材が一方の端部を、トンネル奥行き方向に延ばされた他の接続部材の他方の端部にはめ合わせて結合する多分割接合構造であることを特徴とするトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造。In the tunnel widening work where the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widened part is excavated on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widened part to widen the tunnel.
An existing support work is left in the existing lining part, and a support work connection structure at the time of tunnel widening in which a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is connected to the existing support work,
The existing support work and the new support work are connected in the tunnel circumferential direction via a connection member extended in the tunnel depth direction ,
The support member at the time of tunnel widening, characterized in that the connecting member has a multi-divided joint structure in which one end is fitted to the other end of the other connecting member extended in the tunnel depth direction. Connection structure. 請求項３に記載のトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造において、
前記接続部材間の結合および前記接続部材を介した接合をボルト接合によって行うことを特徴とするトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造。In the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to claim 3 ,
A support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening, wherein the connection between the connection members and the connection via the connection members are performed by bolt bonding. 請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載のトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造において、
前記接続部材が形鋼から加工されてなることを特徴とするトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続構造。In the support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A support connection structure at the time of tunnel widening, wherein the connection member is processed from a shape steel. 既設トンネルを車線幅方向左右の一方に既設覆工部を残し、反対側に掘削して拡幅部を設け、該拡幅部に新設支保工を建て込んでトンネル拡幅を行うトンネル拡幅工事において、
前記覆工部に既設支保工が残され、該既設支保工に、トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工を接続するトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続方法であって、
トンネルの拡幅によって既設支保工に破断面を形成する工程と、該破断面に露出された、トンネル周方向に延びる既設支保工の端部にそれぞれ固定部材を取り付ける工程と、該固定部材にトンネル奥行き方向に接続部材を延ばして結合する工程と、該接続部材に、前記トンネル周方向に延ばされた新設支保工を結合する工程とからなるトンネル拡幅時の支保工接続方法。In the tunnel widening work where the existing tunnel is left on one of the left and right sides in the lane width direction, the widened part is excavated on the opposite side, and a new support is built in the widened part to widen the tunnel.
The existing support work is left in the lining part, and the existing support work is connected to a new support work extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.
Forming a fracture surface in the existing support by widening the tunnel, attaching a fixing member to each end of the existing support that extends in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and is exposed to the fracture surface, and tunnel depth in the fixing member A support connection method at the time of tunnel widening, comprising a step of extending and connecting a connecting member in a direction and a step of connecting a new support extended in the circumferential direction of the tunnel to the connecting member.
JP2002251913A 2002-08-29 2002-08-29 Support structure and method for widening tunnel Expired - Lifetime JP3958153B2 (en)

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