JP4931667B2 - Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus - Google Patents

Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4931667B2
JP4931667B2 JP2007086475A JP2007086475A JP4931667B2 JP 4931667 B2 JP4931667 B2 JP 4931667B2 JP 2007086475 A JP2007086475 A JP 2007086475A JP 2007086475 A JP2007086475 A JP 2007086475A JP 4931667 B2 JP4931667 B2 JP 4931667B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrode
rod
discharge
hole
crushing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2007086475A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2008238139A (en
Inventor
賢二 吉松
久義 石橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd filed Critical Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
Priority to JP2007086475A priority Critical patent/JP4931667B2/en
Publication of JP2008238139A publication Critical patent/JP2008238139A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4931667B2 publication Critical patent/JP4931667B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Description

本発明は、地中の破砕対象物を破砕するための放電破砕作業を容易とできる放電破砕装置及び放電破砕方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a discharge crushing apparatus and a discharge crushing method capable of facilitating a discharge crushing operation for crushing an underground crushing object.

建築構造物や地下構造物を支えるための杭は、支持層と呼ばれる強固な地盤層まで届かせ、上部構造の重量や地震時の転倒モーメントにより付加軸力を支持層に伝達する必要がある。この杭は、現場打ちコンクリート杭や既成コンクリート杭により形成される。現場打ちコンクリート杭は、先行して地盤に支持層に到達する孔を掘り、この孔内に鉄筋を挿入して孔内にコンクリートを打設することによって形成される。既成コンクリート杭は、既成コンクリート杭を油圧ハンマーなどによって打撃して既成コンクリート杭を地中に埋め込んで形成したり、あるいは、予め地盤に孔を掘り（プレボーリング）、この孔内に既成コンクリート杭を挿入して既成コンクリート杭の先端部を固めて形成したりする。上述した杭の施工においては、杭を支持層まで到達させる途中に大きな転石や地下構造物のような障害物があると、アースオーガーやドリリングバケットでは掘削できないため、硬質地盤用オールケーシング工法やロックオーガー工法と呼ばれる特殊工法による掘削作業が必要となり、コストが嵩む。
一方、岩などの破砕対象物に孔を形成し、この孔内に放電用の電極の放電部を挿入するとともに放電部を取り囲むように衝撃波伝達媒体を設けた後に、電極に電圧を印加して放電部で放電させることで衝撃波を生じさせ、この衝撃波によって破砕対象物を破砕することが知られている（例えば、特許文献１；２参照）。
従って、上述のように杭を支持層まで到達させる途中に大きな転石や地下構造物のような障害物があった場合、この障害物に孔を形成し、この孔内に電極の放電部を挿入して放電を行わせることで障害物を破砕することが考えられる。
特開２００３−３１１１７５号公報 特開２００３−３２０２６８号公報 Piles for supporting building structures and underground structures need to reach a strong ground layer called a support layer, and it is necessary to transmit additional axial force to the support layer due to the weight of the superstructure and the overturning moment during an earthquake. This pile is formed by a cast-in-place concrete pile or a precast concrete pile. The cast-in-place concrete pile is formed by digging a hole that reaches the support layer in the ground first, inserting a reinforcing bar into the hole, and placing concrete in the hole. Precast concrete piles are formed by hitting precast concrete piles with a hydraulic hammer or the like and embedding the precast concrete piles in the ground, or drilling holes in the ground in advance (pre-boring). Insert and solidify the tip of a prefabricated concrete pile. In the construction of piles described above, if there are obstacles such as large boulders or underground structures in the middle of reaching the support layer, excavation cannot be performed with an earth auger or drilling bucket. Excavation work by special method called construction method is necessary, and the cost increases.
On the other hand, a hole is formed in a crushing object such as a rock, a discharge part of a discharge electrode is inserted into the hole, a shock wave transmission medium is provided so as to surround the discharge part, and then a voltage is applied to the electrode. It is known that a shock wave is generated by discharging at a discharge part, and the object to be crushed is crushed by the shock wave (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Therefore, when there is an obstacle such as a large boulder or underground structure in the middle of reaching the support layer to the pile as described above, a hole is formed in this obstacle, and the discharge part of the electrode is inserted into this hole. Then, it is conceivable that the obstacle is crushed by causing discharge.
JP 2003-31175 A JP 2003-320268 A

しかしながら、障害物に孔を形成した後に、この孔内に電極の放電部を挿入して放電を行わせる方法の場合、ロッドの下端にビットを取り付けて障害物に孔を形成した後にロッドを地上まで引き上げ、その後、地上から地盤に形成した孔内に電極を下ろして障害物に形成した孔内に電極の放電部を挿入して放電を行わなければならない。このように障害物に形成した孔内に電極の放電部を挿入して放電を行う作業は容易ではなく、作業時間が多くなり、工期を長引かせる原因となる。特に、地盤に孔を形成する際には当該孔内に安定液（泥水）を入れて掘削を行うので、このような安定液中に電極を下ろして障害物に形成した孔内に電極を挿入することは、障害物に形成された孔を地上から目視確認できないことから、非常に時間がかかるため、採用し難いという課題があった。   However, in the case of a method in which a discharge is performed by inserting a discharge portion of an electrode into this hole after forming a hole in the obstacle, a bit is attached to the lower end of the rod to form a hole in the obstacle, and then the rod is grounded. Then, the electrode must be lowered from the ground into the hole formed in the ground, and the discharge part of the electrode must be inserted into the hole formed in the obstacle to perform discharge. Thus, it is not easy to perform discharge by inserting the discharge portion of the electrode into the hole formed in the obstacle, which increases the work time and prolongs the construction period. In particular, when a hole is formed in the ground, a stable liquid (muddy water) is put into the hole for excavation, so the electrode is lowered into such a stable liquid and the electrode is inserted into the hole formed in the obstacle. Since the hole formed in the obstacle cannot be visually confirmed from the ground, it takes a very long time, so that there is a problem that it is difficult to adopt.

本発明の放電破砕装置は、棒体と、棒体に駆動力を付与する駆動源と、棒体の先端に設けられた放電用の電極と、電極の先端に設けられて棒体からの力を受けて電極の放電部が入り込む孔を地中の破砕対象物に形成するための切削体と、電極に電圧を供給する電源装置とを備えたことを特徴とする。
電極が、破砕対象物に形成された孔の開口を塞ぐ蓋を備えたことも特徴とする。
本発明の放電破砕方法は、上記放電破砕装置を用いて地中の破砕対象物を破砕する放電破砕方法であって、電極に接続した電源供給線を電源装置に接続せずに棒体に固定した状態として駆動源で棒体を駆動することにより切削体で破砕対象物に電極の放電部が入り込む孔を形成した後に棒体の駆動を停止させてから、電極に接続した電源供給線と電源装置とを電気的に接続して電源装置から電極に電圧を印加することによって孔内の放電部で放電させて衝撃波を生じさせ、この衝撃波で破砕対象物を破砕したことを特徴とする。 The discharge crushing apparatus of the present invention includes a rod, a drive source for applying a driving force to the rod, a discharge electrode provided at the tip of the rod, and a force from the rod provided at the tip of the electrode. And a cutting body for forming a hole into which the discharge part of the electrode enters in a ground object to be crushed, and a power supply device for supplying a voltage to the electrode.
The electrode also includes a lid that closes an opening of a hole formed in the object to be crushed.
The discharge crushing method of the present invention is a discharge crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed in the ground using the above-mentioned discharge crushing device, and the power supply line connected to the electrode is fixed to the rod without connecting to the power supply device In this state, the rod body is driven by the driving source to form a hole in which the discharge part of the electrode enters the object to be crushed in the cutting body, and then the rod body driving is stopped, and then the power supply line connected to the electrode and the power source It is characterized in that a shock wave is generated by electrically connecting the apparatus and applying a voltage to the electrode from the power supply apparatus to cause a discharge in the hole, and the object to be crushed is crushed by the shock wave.

本発明の放電破砕装置によれば、棒体の先端に電極を備え、電極の先端に切削体を備えたので、切削体により地中の破砕対象物に孔を形成すると孔内に電極の放電部がそのまま入り込むので、そのまま電極に電圧を印加することによって放電部で衝撃波を発生させて衝撃波で破砕対象物を破砕できる。よって、地中の破砕対象物を破砕するための放電破砕作業を容易にできるため、工期を短縮できる。
電極が、破砕対象物に形成された孔の開口を塞ぐ蓋を備えたことによって、衝撃波が孔の開口から漏れることを防止でき、破砕対象物に対する衝撃波の伝達ロスを小さくできるので、破砕対象物を効率的に破砕できる。
本発明の放電破砕装置によれば、地中の破砕対象物を破砕するための放電破砕作業を容易にできるため、工期を短縮できる。また、電源供給線は棒体に固定した状態で孔を形成したので、電源供給線の断線、絡みなどの不具合を防止できる。 According to the discharge crushing apparatus of the present invention, since the electrode is provided at the tip of the rod body and the cutting body is provided at the tip of the electrode, when a hole is formed in the ground crushing object by the cutting body, the discharge of the electrode in the hole Since the part enters as it is, a shock wave is generated in the discharge part by applying a voltage to the electrode as it is, and the object to be crushed can be crushed by the shock wave. Therefore, since the electric discharge crushing work for crushing the underground crushing object can be facilitated, the construction period can be shortened.
Since the electrode is provided with a lid that closes the opening of the hole formed in the object to be crushed, the shock wave can be prevented from leaking from the opening of the hole, and the transmission loss of the shock wave to the object to be crushed can be reduced. Can be efficiently crushed.
According to the electric discharge crushing apparatus of the present invention, since the electric discharge crushing work for crushing the object to be crushed in the ground can be facilitated, the construction period can be shortened. Further, since the hole is formed in the state where the power supply line is fixed to the rod, problems such as disconnection and entanglement of the power supply line can be prevented.

図１乃至図３は最良の形態１を示し、図１は放電破砕装置を示し、図２は放電破砕装置の詳細を示し、図３は放電破砕装置により放電破砕方法を示す。尚、本明細書で示した「上」「下」は、各図においての「上」「下」を示す。   1 to 3 show the best mode 1, FIG. 1 shows a discharge crushing apparatus, FIG. 2 shows details of the discharge crushing apparatus, and FIG. 3 shows a discharge crushing method using the discharge crushing apparatus. Note that “upper” and “lower” shown in this specification indicate “upper” and “lower” in each figure.

図１に示すように、放電破砕装置１は、棒体（以下、ロッドという）２、ロッド２の駆動源３、同軸電極と呼ばれる放電用の電極４、切削手段（以下、ビットという）５、電源装置８を備える。駆動源３及びロッド２は、アースドリル機のような掘削機７に設けられる。ロッド２は、地面６に対して直交する方向に延長するよう掘削機７に設けられる。駆動源３が、ロッド２にロッド２の中心軸を中心とした回転運動及びロッド２の中心軸に沿った方向への往復運動を行わせるためのロッド２への駆動力を付与することによって、ロッド２が回転運動と往復運動とを行う。電極４は、ロッド２の下端（先端）に設けられる。ビット５は、電極４の下端（先端）に設けられる。   As shown in FIG. 1, a discharge crushing apparatus 1 includes a rod (hereinafter referred to as a rod) 2, a drive source 3 for the rod 2, a discharge electrode 4 called a coaxial electrode, a cutting means (hereinafter referred to as a bit) 5, A power supply device 8 is provided. The drive source 3 and the rod 2 are provided in an excavator 7 such as an earth drill machine. The rod 2 is provided in the excavator 7 so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the ground 6. The driving source 3 applies a driving force to the rod 2 for causing the rod 2 to perform a rotational motion around the central axis of the rod 2 and a reciprocating motion in a direction along the central axis of the rod 2. The rod 2 performs a rotational motion and a reciprocating motion. The electrode 4 is provided at the lower end (tip) of the rod 2. The bit 5 is provided at the lower end (tip) of the electrode 4.

図２に示すように、電極４に電圧を供給する電源装置８は、昇圧装置１２、パルスパワー出力装置１３を備える。昇圧装置１２は、電源電圧入力部１４Ａ、図外の変圧器を備えた昇圧回路１５、出力部１４を備える。昇圧回路１５は、電源電圧入力部１４Ａに接続された電源ケーブル１４Ｃ経由で三相交流２００Ｖ電源電圧を入力して例えば直流２２ｋＶの電圧を生成し、直流２２ｋＶの電圧を出力部１４より出力する。出力部１４は、正極端子１４ａと負極端子１４ｂとを備える。パルスパワー出力装置１３は、入力端子１６、充電回路１７、出力部としての電線接続部１８を備える。入力端子１６は、正極端子１６ａと負極端子１６ｂとを備える。電線接続部１８は、正極端子１８ａと負極端子１８ｂとを備える。充電回路１７は、正極線１７ａ、負極線１７ｂ、コンデンサ装置１９、コンデンサ装置接続部２０、スイッチ２１；２２を備える。正極線１７ａには、スイッチ２１とスイッチ２２とが直列に接続される。正極線１７ａの一端が入力端子１６の正極端子１６ａに接続され、正極線１７ａの他端が電線接続部１８の正極端子１８ａに接続される。負極線１７ｂの一端が入力端子１６の負極端子１６ｂに接続され、負極線１７ｂの他端が電線接続部１８の負極端子１８ｂに接続される。コンデンサ装置接続部２０は、正極線１７ａにおけるスイッチ２１とスイッチ２２との間に並列に接続された複数の正極接続端子２０ａと、負極線１７ｂに並列に接続された複数の負極接続端子２０ｂとを備える。１対の正極接続端子２０ａと負極接続端子２０ｂとによりコンデンサ装置１９を１つ接続するためのコンデンサ装置接続端子２０Ａが形成される。即ち、コンデンサ装置接続部２０は、複数のコンデンサ装置接続端子２０Ａを備えるため、昇圧装置１２及び電線接続部１８に複数のコンデンサ装置１９を接続可能である。コンデンサ装置接続部２０は、例えば６個のコンデンサ装置接続端子２０Ａを備え、１個から６個までの任意の数のコンデンサ装置１９を接続可能である。即ち、コンデンサ装置１９を１個から６個まで任意に増減可能な電源装置８を得ることができる。スイッチ２１はコンデンサ装置１９に昇圧装置１２から供給された電圧を充電させるためのスイッチ、スイッチ２２はコンデンサ装置１９に充電された電荷を放電させて電線接続部１８経由で電極装置に出力させるためのスイッチである。図示しないが、充電回路１７は接地（アース）されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply device 8 that supplies a voltage to the electrode 4 includes a booster device 12 and a pulse power output device 13. The booster 12 includes a power supply voltage input unit 14A, a booster circuit 15 including a transformer (not shown), and an output unit 14. The booster circuit 15 inputs a three-phase AC 200V power supply voltage via a power supply cable 14C connected to the power supply voltage input unit 14A, generates a 22 kV DC voltage, for example, and outputs a 22 kV DC voltage from the output unit 14. The output unit 14 includes a positive terminal 14a and a negative terminal 14b. The pulse power output device 13 includes an input terminal 16, a charging circuit 17, and a wire connecting portion 18 as an output portion. The input terminal 16 includes a positive terminal 16a and a negative terminal 16b. The electric wire connecting portion 18 includes a positive electrode terminal 18a and a negative electrode terminal 18b. The charging circuit 17 includes a positive electrode line 17a, a negative electrode line 17b, a capacitor device 19, a capacitor device connection unit 20, and switches 21; 22. A switch 21 and a switch 22 are connected in series to the positive electrode line 17a. One end of the positive electrode wire 17 a is connected to the positive electrode terminal 16 a of the input terminal 16, and the other end of the positive electrode wire 17 a is connected to the positive electrode terminal 18 a of the electric wire connecting portion 18. One end of the negative electrode wire 17 b is connected to the negative electrode terminal 16 b of the input terminal 16, and the other end of the negative electrode wire 17 b is connected to the negative electrode terminal 18 b of the wire connecting portion 18. The capacitor device connection unit 20 includes a plurality of positive electrode connection terminals 20a connected in parallel between the switch 21 and the switch 22 in the positive electrode line 17a and a plurality of negative electrode connection terminals 20b connected in parallel to the negative electrode line 17b. Prepare. A capacitor device connection terminal 20A for connecting one capacitor device 19 is formed by the pair of positive electrode connection terminal 20a and negative electrode connection terminal 20b. That is, since the capacitor device connection unit 20 includes a plurality of capacitor device connection terminals 20 </ b> A, a plurality of capacitor devices 19 can be connected to the booster device 12 and the wire connection unit 18. The capacitor device connection unit 20 includes, for example, six capacitor device connection terminals 20A, and can connect any number of capacitor devices 19 from 1 to 6. That is, it is possible to obtain the power supply device 8 capable of arbitrarily increasing or decreasing the capacitor device 19 from one to six. The switch 21 is a switch for charging the voltage supplied from the booster 12 to the capacitor device 19, and the switch 22 is for discharging the electric charge charged in the capacitor device 19 and outputting it to the electrode device via the wire connection portion 18. Switch. Although not shown, the charging circuit 17 is grounded.

電極４は、例えば、＋電極のような一方電極としての棒状の内部導体７３と、内部導体７３の外周囲を被覆する筒状の絶縁体７４と、絶縁体７４の外周囲に設けられた−電極のような他方電極としての外部導体７５とにより構成される。外部導体７５は、内部導体７３の中心線に沿った方向に間隔を隔てて設けられた複数の浮遊電極７６を構成する。浮遊電極７６とは、電源装置８と電気的に絶縁された電極のことである。   The electrode 4 is, for example, a rod-shaped inner conductor 73 as one electrode such as a + electrode, a cylindrical insulator 74 that covers the outer periphery of the inner conductor 73, and the outer periphery of the insulator 74 − It is comprised with the external conductor 75 as an other electrode like an electrode. The outer conductor 75 constitutes a plurality of floating electrodes 76 provided at intervals in a direction along the center line of the inner conductor 73. The floating electrode 76 is an electrode that is electrically insulated from the power supply device 8.

電極４の下端部とビット５とがビット連結具５０により結合される。ビット連結具５０は円柱体により形成される。ビット連結具５０の上面にはビット連結具５０の上面から下方内部に延長するねじ孔５１が形成され、電極４の内部導体７３の下端部の外周面にはねじ部５２が形成される。ビット連結具５０のねじ孔５１内に内部導体７３の下端部のねじ部５２が締結されることで、内部導体７３の下端部とビット連結具５０とが結合される。ビット連結具５０の円周面にはねじ部５３が形成され、ビット５の上面にはビット５の上面から下方内部に延長するねじ孔５４が形成される。ビット５のねじ孔５４内にビット連結具５０のねじ部５３が締結されることで、ビット５とビット連結具５０とが結合される。即ち、ビット連結具５０によって、電極４の下端部とビット５とが結合される。   The lower end portion of the electrode 4 and the bit 5 are coupled by the bit connector 50. The bit connector 50 is formed of a cylindrical body. A screw hole 51 extending downward from the upper surface of the bit connector 50 is formed on the upper surface of the bit connector 50, and a screw portion 52 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower end portion of the inner conductor 73 of the electrode 4. The screw portion 52 at the lower end portion of the inner conductor 73 is fastened in the screw hole 51 of the bit connector 50, whereby the lower end portion of the inner conductor 73 and the bit connector 50 are coupled. A screw portion 53 is formed on the circumferential surface of the bit connector 50, and a screw hole 54 is formed on the upper surface of the bit 5 so as to extend downward from the upper surface of the bit 5. The bit 5 and the bit connector 50 are coupled to each other by fastening the screw portion 53 of the bit connector 50 into the screw hole 54 of the bit 5. That is, the lower end portion of the electrode 4 and the bit 5 are coupled by the bit connector 50.

ロッド２の下端部と電極４の上端部とが電極連結具４０により結合される。電極連結具４０は円柱体により形成される。電極連結具４０の上面には電極連結具４０の上面から下方内部に延長するねじ孔４１が形成され、ロッド２の下端部の外周面にはねじ部４２が形成される。電極連結具４０のねじ孔４１内にロッド２の下端部のねじ部４２が締結されることで、ロッド２の下端部と電極連結具４０とが強固に結合される。電極連結具４０の下面には電極連結具４０の下面から上方内部に延長するねじ孔４３が形成され、電極４の上端部の外周面にはねじ部４４が形成される。電極連結具４０のねじ孔４３内に電極４のねじ部４４が締結されることで、電極４の上端部と電極連結具４０とが結合される。即ち、電極連結具４０によって、ロッド５の下端部と電極４の上端部とが結合される。   The lower end portion of the rod 2 and the upper end portion of the electrode 4 are coupled by the electrode connector 40. The electrode connector 40 is formed of a cylindrical body. A screw hole 41 extending downward from the upper surface of the electrode connector 40 is formed on the upper surface of the electrode connector 40, and a screw portion 42 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower end portion of the rod 2. By fastening the screw portion 42 at the lower end of the rod 2 into the screw hole 41 of the electrode connector 40, the lower end of the rod 2 and the electrode connector 40 are firmly coupled. A screw hole 43 extending upward from the lower surface of the electrode connector 40 is formed on the lower surface of the electrode connector 40, and a screw portion 44 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the electrode 4. By fastening the screw portion 44 of the electrode 4 into the screw hole 43 of the electrode connector 40, the upper end portion of the electrode 4 and the electrode connector 40 are coupled. That is, the lower end portion of the rod 5 and the upper end portion of the electrode 4 are coupled by the electrode connector 40.

即ち、電極４は、上端部の外周面に、ロッド２の下端部への取付部としてのねじ部４４を備え、かつ、内部導体７３の下端部に、ビット５への取付部としてのねじ部５２を備える。
また、ビット５は、上面に、電極４への取付部としてのねじ孔５４を備える。 That is, the electrode 4 includes a screw portion 44 as an attachment portion to the lower end portion of the rod 2 on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion, and a screw portion as an attachment portion to the bit 5 at the lower end portion of the internal conductor 73. 52.
Further, the bit 5 includes a screw hole 54 as an attachment portion to the electrode 4 on the upper surface.

絶縁体７４の先端７４ｔより突出してビット連結具５０のねじ孔５１内に締結されないで外部に露出した内部導体７３の露出部７３ｔと、この露出部７３ｔに最も近い浮遊電極７６である先端側浮遊電極７６ｔとの間で先端側放電ギャップが形成され、互いに対向する浮遊電極７６同士の端部と端部との間で中間側放電ギャップが形成される。中間側放電ギャップは複数形成される。先端側放電ギャップを隔てて配置された露出部７３ｔと先端側浮遊電極７６ｔとによって放電部４６が形成される。中間側放電ギャップを隔てて配置された浮遊電極７６と浮遊電極７６とによって放電部４６が形成される。即ち、電極４０は、複数の放電部４６を備える。   An exposed portion 73t of the internal conductor 73 that protrudes from the tip 74t of the insulator 74 and is not fastened into the screw hole 51 of the bit connector 50 and exposed to the outside, and a tip-side floating that is the floating electrode 76 closest to the exposed portion 73t. A tip-side discharge gap is formed between the electrodes 76t, and an intermediate-side discharge gap is formed between the ends of the floating electrodes 76 facing each other. A plurality of intermediate discharge gaps are formed. The discharge part 46 is formed by the exposed part 73t and the tip side floating electrode 76t arranged with the tip side discharge gap therebetween. A discharge portion 46 is formed by the floating electrode 76 and the floating electrode 76 arranged with an intermediate discharge gap therebetween. That is, the electrode 40 includes a plurality of discharge portions 46.

電極４の上下の中間部分の周面には、内部導体７３に接続された配線接続コネクタ８０を備える。この配線接続コネクタ８０には地中側電源供給線８１が接続される。地中側電源供給線８１は地上まで延長する長さで終端に接続コネクタ８２を備える。この地中側電源供給線８１は、ロッド２に沿って這わされて、ロッド２から離れないように、止め紐などの止め具８３でロッド２に縛り付けられてロッド２に固定される。   A wiring connection connector 80 connected to the internal conductor 73 is provided on the peripheral surface of the upper and lower intermediate portions of the electrode 4. An underground power supply line 81 is connected to the wiring connector 80. The underground power supply line 81 has a length that extends to the ground and includes a connection connector 82 at the end. The underground power supply line 81 is wound along the rod 2, and is fixed to the rod 2 by being tied to the rod 2 with a stopper 83 such as a strap so as not to be separated from the rod 2.

地上側電源供給線８４は、一端に、電源装置８の電線接続部１８の正極端子１８ａ及び負極端子１８ｂの各々に接続される正極端子３５ａ及び負極端子３５ｂを備えた入力側コネクタ３５を備え、他端には、地中側電源供給線８１の終端の接続コネクタ８２に接続される接続コネクタ８５を備える。   The ground-side power supply line 84 includes, at one end, an input-side connector 35 including a positive electrode terminal 35a and a negative electrode terminal 35b connected to each of the positive electrode terminal 18a and the negative electrode terminal 18b of the wire connection portion 18 of the power supply device 8. The other end is provided with a connection connector 85 connected to a connection connector 82 at the end of the underground power supply line 81.

図３を参照し、放電破砕装置１を用いた放電破砕方法を、現場打ちコンクリート杭の施工するため地盤６０を掘削している途中で転石や地下構造物などの破砕対象物６５としての障害物があった場合を例にして説明する。
まず、ロッド２の下端にドリリングバケット６１を取り付けて、掘削機械７を操作して駆動源３によりロッド２を駆動してロッド２を回転させながら上下に振動させることで地面６を掘削して孔６２を形成していく。この際、孔６２内に安定液（泥水）６３を注入しながら掘削する。掘削の途中で、大きな転石６４や図外の地下構造物などの破砕対象物６５があった場合、ドリリングバケット６１では破砕対象物６５を切削できず、それ以上掘削を進めることができない（図３（ａ）参照）。そこで、ロッド２を地上に引き上げ、ロッド２の下端よりドリリングバケット６１を取り外してロッド２の下端にビット５付きの電極４を取り付け、電極４の配線接続コネクタ８０に地中側電源供給線８１を接続する。そして、ビット５の下端（先端）が破砕対象物６５に衝突するまで、ロッド２を孔６２内で下降させながら、地中側電源供給線８１を例えば数ｍ間隔でロッド２に止め具８３で縛り付けていってロッド２に固定し、最後に、終端の接続コネクタ８２付近も止め具８３で縛り付けてロッド２に固定する（図２参照）。この際、地上から破砕対象物６５までの距離は、ロッド２の降下量によりわかるので、地上から破砕対象物６５までの距離に合った長さの地中側電源供給線８１を用いればよい。ビット５の下端が破砕対象物６５に衝突したら、掘削機械７を操作して駆動源３によりロッド２を回転させながら上下に振動させる。これにより、ビット５が破砕対象物６５に孔６６を形成する。この孔６６は電極４の放電部４６が孔６６内に位置される深さまで形成する（図２参照）。この孔６６を形成する際にロッド２を回転させても、地中側電源供給線８１はロッド２に固定されているので、ロッド２の回転に伴う地中側電源供給線８１の断線、絡みなどの不具合を防止できる。孔６６内に放電部４６が位置される深さの孔６６を形成したら（図３（ｃ）参照）、ロッド２の駆動を停止させてから、地中側電源供給線８１の接続コネクタ８２と電源装置８の電線接続部１８とを地上側電源供給線８４で接続して、電源装置８から電極４に電圧を供給する（図２参照）。これにより、電極４の放電部４６で衝撃波が発生し、この衝撃波によって破砕対象物６５を破砕できる（図３（ｄ）参照）。その後、ロッド２を地上に引き上げてロッド２の下端よりビット５付きの電極４を取り外し、ロッド２の下端にドリリングバケット６１を取り付けて掘削作業を続行する。 Referring to FIG. 3, the electric discharge crushing method using the electric discharge crushing apparatus 1 is an obstacle as a crushing object 65 such as a boulder or an underground structure while excavating the ground 60 in order to construct a cast-in-place concrete pile. A case where there is a problem will be described as an example.
First, the drilling bucket 61 is attached to the lower end of the rod 2, the excavating machine 7 is operated, the rod 2 is driven by the driving source 3, and the rod 2 is rotated and vibrated up and down to excavate the ground 6. 62 is formed. At this time, excavation is performed while injecting a stabilizing liquid (muddy water) 63 into the hole 62. In the middle of excavation, if there is a crushing object 65 such as a large boulder 64 or an underground structure not shown in the figure, the drilling bucket 61 cannot cut the crushing object 65 and cannot further excavate (FIG. 3). (See (a)). Therefore, the rod 2 is lifted to the ground, the drilling bucket 61 is removed from the lower end of the rod 2, the electrode 4 with the bit 5 is attached to the lower end of the rod 2, and the underground power supply line 81 is connected to the wiring connection connector 80 of the electrode 4. Connecting. Then, while lowering the rod 2 in the hole 62 until the lower end (tip) of the bit 5 collides with the object 65 to be crushed, the underground power supply line 81 is attached to the rod 2 with a stopper 83 at intervals of several meters, for example. They are tied and fixed to the rod 2, and finally, the vicinity of the terminal connector 82 is also tied with a stopper 83 and fixed to the rod 2 (see FIG. 2). At this time, since the distance from the ground to the object to be crushed 65 is known by the amount of the rod 2 descending, the underground power supply line 81 having a length that matches the distance from the ground to the object to be crushed 65 may be used. When the lower end of the bit 5 collides with the object 65 to be crushed, the excavating machine 7 is operated to vibrate up and down while rotating the rod 2 by the drive source 3. Thereby, the bit 5 forms the hole 66 in the crushing object 65. The hole 66 is formed to such a depth that the discharge portion 46 of the electrode 4 is positioned in the hole 66 (see FIG. 2). Even if the rod 2 is rotated when the hole 66 is formed, the underground power supply line 81 is fixed to the rod 2, so that the underground power supply line 81 is disconnected or entangled with the rotation of the rod 2. Etc. can be prevented. When the hole 66 having a depth at which the discharge portion 46 is located is formed in the hole 66 (see FIG. 3C), the driving of the rod 2 is stopped, and then the connection connector 82 of the underground power supply line 81 and The electric wire connection part 18 of the power supply device 8 is connected by the ground side power supply line 84, and a voltage is supplied to the electrode 4 from the power supply device 8 (refer FIG. 2). Thereby, a shock wave is generated in the discharge part 46 of the electrode 4, and the crushing object 65 can be crushed by this shock wave (see FIG. 3D). Thereafter, the rod 2 is pulled up to the ground, the electrode 4 with the bit 5 is removed from the lower end of the rod 2, and the drilling bucket 61 is attached to the lower end of the rod 2 to continue the excavation work.

最良の形態１によれば、ロッド２の下端にビット５付きの電極４を取り付けたので、ビット５により地中の破砕対象物６５に孔６６を形成すると孔６６内にそのまま電極４の放電部４６が入り込むので、そのまま電極４に電圧を印加することによって放電部４６で衝撃波を発生させて衝撃波で破砕対象物６５を破砕できる。つまり、従来のように、ロッドの下端にビットを取り付けて障害物である破砕対象物に孔を形成してロッドを地上に引き上げた後に、地上から孔２２内に放電用の電極を落下させて電極を破砕対象物に形成した孔内に入れるという電極設置作業をなくすことができ、地中の破砕対象物を破砕するための放電破砕作業を容易にできるため、工期を短縮できる。   According to the best mode 1, since the electrode 4 with the bit 5 is attached to the lower end of the rod 2, when the hole 66 is formed in the ground object 65 by the bit 5, the discharge portion of the electrode 4 is directly in the hole 66. Since 46 enters, a shock wave is generated in the discharge part 46 by applying a voltage to the electrode 4 as it is, and the object 65 to be crushed can be crushed by the shock wave. That is, as before, after attaching a bit to the lower end of the rod to form a hole in the object to be crushed and lifting the rod to the ground, the discharge electrode is dropped into the hole 22 from the ground. The electrode installation work of putting the electrode into the hole formed in the object to be crushed can be eliminated, and the electric discharge crushing work for crushing the object to be crushed in the ground can be facilitated, so the construction period can be shortened.

最良の形態２
図４に示すように、電極４に、破砕対象物６５に形成した孔６６の上部開口６９を塞ぐための蓋７０を取り付けることによって、放電によって生じる衝撃波が孔２６の上部開口６９から漏れることを防止でき、破砕対象物６５に対する衝撃波の伝達ロスを小さくできるので、破砕対象物６５を効率的に破砕できる。
尚、図５に示すように、蓋７０の下部をゴムのような弾性体７１で形成すれば、蓋７０の下面９２と破砕対象物６５との密着性が増すので、上部開口６９からの衝撃波の漏れをより防止できて好ましい。蓋体７０には例えば上面９１から下面９２に貫通するねじ孔９３を形成しておき、電極４の中央の周面にねじ部を形成しておけば、電極４のねじ部を蓋体７０ねじ孔９３に取り付けることで電極４に蓋７０を取り付けることができる。蓋体７０の上面９１から下面９２に貫通する嵌合孔を形成しておいてこの嵌合孔に電極４を嵌合することにより、電極４に蓋７０を取り付けてもよい。 Best form 2
As shown in FIG. 4, by attaching a lid 70 to the electrode 4 for closing the upper opening 69 of the hole 66 formed in the object 65 to be crushed, the shock wave generated by the discharge leaks from the upper opening 69 of the hole 26. This can be prevented, and the transmission loss of the shock wave to the crushing object 65 can be reduced, so that the crushing object 65 can be efficiently crushed.
As shown in FIG. 5, if the lower portion of the lid 70 is formed of an elastic body 71 such as rubber, the adhesion between the lower surface 92 of the lid 70 and the object to be crushed 65 is increased. This is preferable because it is possible to further prevent leakage. For example, a screw hole 93 penetrating from the upper surface 91 to the lower surface 92 is formed in the lid 70, and a screw portion is formed in the central peripheral surface of the electrode 4. By attaching to the hole 93, the lid 70 can be attached to the electrode 4. The lid 70 may be attached to the electrode 4 by forming a fitting hole penetrating from the upper surface 91 to the lower surface 92 of the lid 70 and fitting the electrode 4 into the fitting hole.

ロッド２の下端部と電極４の上端部との連結や、電極４の下端部とビット５の上端部との連結は、係合、ねじ締め付けなどで行ってもよい。ロッド２の下端部と電極４の上端部とを直接にねじ結合などで互いに連結したり、電極４の下端部とビット５の上端部とを直接にねじ結合などで互いに連結したりしてもよい。
上記では、地盤６０に縦孔としての孔６２を掘削する際について述べたが、地山に横孔を形成する際にも本発明の放電破砕装置及び放電破砕方法を適用できる。 The connection between the lower end portion of the rod 2 and the upper end portion of the electrode 4 and the connection between the lower end portion of the electrode 4 and the upper end portion of the bit 5 may be performed by engagement, screw tightening, or the like. Even if the lower end portion of the rod 2 and the upper end portion of the electrode 4 are directly connected to each other by screw connection or the like, or the lower end portion of the electrode 4 and the upper end portion of the bit 5 are directly connected to each other by screw connection or the like. Good.
In the above description, the case where the hole 62 as the vertical hole is excavated in the ground 60 has been described, but the discharge crushing apparatus and the discharge crushing method of the present invention can also be applied when forming a horizontal hole in the natural ground.

放電破砕装置を示す概略構成図（最良の形態１）。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Schematic block diagram which shows an electric discharge crushing apparatus (best form 1). 放電破砕装置の詳細図（最良の形態１）。Detailed view of the discharge crushing apparatus (best mode 1). 放電破砕方法の工程説明図（最良の形態１）。Process explanatory drawing of the electric discharge crushing method (best form 1). 放電破砕装置を示す概略構成図、芯柱体の分解斜視図（最良の形態２）。The schematic block diagram which shows an electric discharge crushing apparatus, the disassembled perspective view of a core pillar body (best form 2). 蓋の断面図（最良の形態２）。Sectional drawing of a lid | cover (best form 2).

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 放電破砕装置、２ ロッド（棒体）、３ 駆動源、４ 放電用の電極、５ ビット（切削体）、８ 電源装置、６５ 破砕対象物、６６ 孔、６９ 上部開口（開口）、
７０ 蓋。８１ 地中側電源供給線（電源供給線）。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric discharge crushing device, 2 Rod (rod body), 3 Drive source, 4 Electrode for discharge, 5 Bit (cutting body), 8 Power supply device, 65 Crushing object, 66 holes, 69 Upper opening (opening),
70 lid. 81 Ground-side power supply line (power supply line).

Claims (3)

棒体と、棒体に駆動力を付与する駆動源と、棒体の先端に設けられた放電用の電極と、電極の先端に設けられて棒体からの力を受けて電極の放電部が入り込む孔を地中の破砕対象物に形成するための切削体と、電極に電圧を供給する電源装置とを備えたことを特徴とする放電破砕装置。   A rod, a drive source for applying a driving force to the rod, a discharge electrode provided at the tip of the rod, and a discharge portion of the electrode provided at the tip of the electrode and receiving a force from the rod A discharge crushing apparatus comprising: a cutting body for forming a hole to enter into a crushing object in the ground; and a power supply device that supplies a voltage to the electrode. 電極が、破砕対象物に形成された孔の開口を塞ぐ蓋を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の放電破砕装置。   The discharge crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode includes a lid that closes an opening of a hole formed in the crushing object. 請求項１又は請求項２に記載の放電破砕装置を用いて地中の破砕対象物を破砕する放電破砕方法であって、電極に接続した電源供給線を電源装置に接続せずに棒体に固定した状態として駆動源で棒体を駆動することにより切削体で破砕対象物に電極の放電部が入り込む孔を形成した後に棒体の駆動を停止させてから、電極に接続した電源供給線と電源装置とを電気的に接続して電源装置から電極に電圧を印加することによって孔内の放電部で放電させて衝撃波を生じさせ、この衝撃波で破砕対象物を破砕したことを特徴とする放電破砕方法。   A discharge crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed in the ground using the electric discharge crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a power supply line connected to an electrode is connected to a rod without connecting to a power supply device. After driving the rod body with a driving source in a fixed state to form a hole in which the discharge part of the electrode enters the object to be crushed in the cutting body, the rod body driving is stopped, and then the power supply line connected to the electrode and Discharge characterized in that a shock wave is generated by electrically connecting the power supply device and applying a voltage to the electrode from the power supply device to generate a shock wave, and the object to be crushed by this shock wave. Crushing method.
JP2007086475A 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP4931667B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007086475A JP4931667B2 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007086475A JP4931667B2 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2008238139A JP2008238139A (en) 2008-10-09
JP4931667B2 true JP4931667B2 (en) 2012-05-16

Family

ID=39910110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2007086475A Expired - Fee Related JP4931667B2 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4931667B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018053573A (en) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構 Ground excavator
CN110485940B (en) * 2019-09-30 2023-06-13 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 Rock drilling trolley

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5222180A (en) * 1975-08-12 1977-02-19 Morio Akiyama Method for breaking concrete by combined use of air hammers and waves
JPS59185294A (en) * 1983-04-05 1984-10-20 三菱重工業株式会社 Rock crushing method
JPH11141270A (en) * 1997-11-12 1999-05-25 Komatsu Ltd Free cross section excavator by electric crushing and digging method therefor
JP2000150016A (en) * 1998-11-06 2000-05-30 Nippon Chiko Co Ltd Earth electrode and execution method of earth electrode
JP2002267764A (en) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-18 Shimizu Corp Electric logging method for tunnel horizontal boring
JP2003311175A (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-11-05 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Crushing device electrode and crushing device
JP2003320268A (en) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-11 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Crusher and electrode therefor
JP2003326188A (en) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-18 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Discharge crushing apparatus
JP4167235B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2008-10-15 株式会社熊谷組 Excavation method of horizontal shaft
JP4167236B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2008-10-15 株式会社熊谷組 Drilling method of shaft
JP2007090213A (en) * 2005-09-28 2007-04-12 Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd Discharge disintegrator
JP2008018694A (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-31 Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd Cutter device and electrical discharge crushing method using the cutter device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2008238139A (en) 2008-10-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10577767B2 (en) In-situ piling and anchor shaping using plasma blasting
JP4931667B2 (en) Electric discharge crushing apparatus and electric discharge crushing method using this apparatus
CN209958343U (en) Connecting joint for connecting reinforced concrete cast-in-place piles
CN111472356A (en) Larsen steel sheet pile sleeve obstacle clearing and pile pulling construction method
JP2020515750A (en) Hydraulic jack expansion type circular tube rotary penetration device
KR102178354B1 (en) Pile pullout apparatus
JP2005313149A (en) Discharge crushing method
JP3165997B2 (en) Casting method and equipment for sheet piles
JP6729902B1 (en) Construction method of soil cement continuous wall
WO2005095758A1 (en) Discharge crushing method for crushing object to be crushed, method of excavating horizontal tunnel using discharge crushing method, and method of excavating vertical shaft
CN210395319U (en) But recovery type steel-pipe pile convenient to clearance stake core soil
KR101525410B1 (en) The Construction Method of Ground Electrode Without Damage and The Simultaneous Construction Method of Grounding Resistance Reducing Materials
JP4167236B2 (en) Drilling method of shaft
JP6325761B1 (en) ELECTRODE STRUCTURE INSTALLATION UNIT AND CONNECTOR AND ELECTRO-COROSURE PROTECTION METHOD FOR UNDERGROUND METAL
KR20200111474A (en) Earth Electrode Insertion Method
KR102429229B1 (en) RCD halp moon casing steel pipe and RCD half-moon casing steel pipe construction method
JPS5854127A (en) Pulling off method for pile and excavating casing for use of said method
JP2015047008A (en) Utility pole installation method
JP2008231677A (en) Pit mouth forming method
JP7414317B2 (en) Earth and sand backfill equipment and earth and sand backfill method
JP3817609B2 (en) Degradation method using electric corrosion of shield tunnel construction obstacle
JP4260511B2 (en) Electrode protection electrode body and installation method thereof
CN219548794U (en) Drilling tool and drilling machine
JP3896003B2 (en) Connection method and structure of shaft
JP2002146789A (en) Method for removing steel pipe pile

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20100201

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20120214

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20120216

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20120214

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150224

Year of fee payment: 3

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees