JP4923737B2 - Sensor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a film-like sensor, and more particularly to a sensor that is a film-like capacitive sensor that detects the presence of an object or human body that approaches or contacts the film.

  As a technique for detecting the capacitance of the window glass, a capacitance sensor is known in which a transparent electrode is directly formed on the window glass to detect rain or condensation. Further, Patent Document 1 proposes a glass sensor including a detection circuit that detects a change in capacitance between a conductive film and a grounded window frame.

  On the other hand, for recent crime prevention, multilayer laminates and multilayer extruded films have been used. The background may be a significant increase in intrusion from windows. According to the “Crime Situation in the First Half of 2005” announced by the National Police Agency, the ratio of “Glass Break” is the highest in terms of crimes for burglary and this trend has continued for several years.

  The method of Patent Document 1 is very well considered as a capacitance glass sensor. Since the counter electrode of the conductive film serving as the detection electrode is determined to be a grounded glass window frame, the detection stability is excellent.

  However, the grounded frame of the glass window is the opposite electrode, so in order to equip the glass sensor, the entire window frame must be replaced, and a large-scale modification is required in an already built house. End up. In addition, since the size of the window frame is different in each house and there are glass windows of various sizes in the house, the capacity adjustment of the detection circuit becomes complicated during construction. On the other hand, a window frame made of resin has recently appeared for the purpose of keeping the window frame warm, preventing condensation, and reducing the weight, but there has been a problem that the resin window frame cannot be used as a counter electrode.

  In addition, the structure on the side of the conductive film serving as the detection electrode needs to be electrically drawn out from the conductive portion on the film to the detection circuit by an electric wire or the like. Therefore, it is necessary to separately form an electrode part for drawing out an electric signal on the film substrate, and a process for forming an electrode part for connecting an electric signal is necessary in addition to the process of forming the conductive film in the production of the conductive film. It leads to cost increase. In addition, since there are lead wires for electrical signals, there are many factors that cause connection failures such as strength at the connection points on the film, fixing methods, routing methods, etc. The connection point may be damaged due to the careless operation.

  Therefore, instead of a frame, a film provided with a conductive layer on a film substrate is attached to a glass window, the conductive layer is a detection electrode, a glass window frame made of a conductor is a reference electrode, the conductive layer (detection electrode) and the glass window There has been known a sensor that detects a change in capacitance between a conductive layer (detection electrode) and a glass window frame (reference electrode) by connecting a detection circuit to the frame (reference electrode) (see Patent Document 1).

  In addition, a first conductive layer (detection electrode) and a second conductive layer (reference electrode) are provided on the same film substrate, and the first conductive layer (detection electrode) and the second conductive layer (reference electrode) are provided. A sensor that connects a detection circuit and detects a change in capacitance between the first conductive layer (detection electrode) and the second conductive layer (reference electrode) has also been studied.

  However, when the conductive layer is the uppermost layer, the conductive layer is always exposed when used. When used as a window material, it is assumed that a person's hand or the like comes into contact with the cloth or is wiped with a rag or the like when dirt is generated.

  The above-mentioned conductive layer is generally provided by vapor deposition, sputtering, coating method, etc., but it is a thin film of approximately 5 mm or more, and it is not fixed so firmly to the film, so it can be easily peeled off under normal usage conditions. .

  Therefore, it is necessary to provide a protective layer on the conductive layer. Or it is necessary to stick together on a glass window by making the film base material side into the uppermost layer.

  An electric wire must be arranged on the conductive layer to connect to the detection circuit. However, when the conductive layer is not the uppermost layer, an extraction electrode or the like must be provided so that the electric wire can be connected in advance.

Patent documents are as follows.
JP 2001-804857 A

  Problems to be solved by the present invention include a film sensor that suppresses an increase in manufacturing cost, is inexpensive and has little influence on the installation location, is easy to construct a film part and a detection part, and is bonded to glass in a simple process. It is to provide. Furthermore, it has high crime prevention capability corresponding to “glass breaking”, which is a high percentage of crimes of burglary, and the conductive layer is not always exposed, so even if it is used as a window material, human hands do not come into contact with it, and contamination occurs. It is an object to provide a film that does not peel off by wiping with a rag or the like and is easily connected to a detection circuit.

The invention according to claim 1 is provided with a transparent substrate having a detection electrode and a reference electrode, and a detection circuit for detecting a change in capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode is connected to the detection electrode and the reference electrode A sensor formed by
A first transparent conductive layer is formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, and a second conductive layer is formed on the same surface of the transparent substrate in non-contact with the first transparent conductive layer. And
The first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer are both comb-shaped, and are arranged so that the teeth of the combs are engaged with each other.
Having a protective layer on at least the first transparent conductive layer, and a detection electrode coupling electrode on the protective layer;
The detection electrode is a first transparent conductive layer sandwiching the protective layer and a detection electrode coupling electrode.

The invention according to claim 2 has a protective layer also on the second conductive layer, and a reference electrode coupling electrode is provided at a position above the second conductive layer of the protective layer,
A sensor according to claim 1, wherein the said reference electrode is a second transparent conductive layer and the reference electrode coupled electrodes sandwiching a protective layer.

The invention according to claim 3 includes a transparent substrate having a detection electrode and a reference electrode, and a detection circuit for detecting a change in capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode is connected to the detection electrode and the reference electrode A sensor formed by
A first transparent conductive layer is formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, and a second conductive layer is formed on the same surface of the transparent substrate in non-contact with the first transparent conductive layer. The first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer are both comb-shaped, and are arranged so that the teeth of the combs mesh with each other,
A detection electrode coupling electrode is disposed at a position opposite to the first transparent conductive layer on the side opposite to the side on which the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer are provided. A reference electrode coupling electrode at a position opposite to the conductive layer;
The detection electrode is a first transparent conductive layer sandwiching the transparent substrate and a detection electrode coupling electrode;
The sensor is characterized in that the reference electrode is a second conductive layer sandwiching the transparent substrate and a reference electrode coupling electrode.

The invention according to claim 4 is the sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the protective layer is transparent.

  In the present invention, since there is no need to provide an electrode portion for direct extraction from the conductive portion on the film to the detection circuit by an electric wire or the like as in the prior art, in the manufacturing process of the film substrate having a conductive layer Only the coating operation of the conductive layer is required, the electrode portion forming operation is unnecessary, the whole process is simplified, and it can be manufactured at a lower cost than the prior art.

  In addition, since the electrical signal line from the detection circuit section is not directly connected to the conductive layer of the film via the electrode section, there is no disconnection or breakage in the connection electrode section due to construction errors or maintenance problems. As a result, the reliability of the film sensor as a whole increases dramatically.

  In addition, when a film substrate having a conductive layer is attached to a holding portion such as glass and the surrounding conductive frame supporting the holding portion is configured as a reference electrode in the detection circuit portion, in the present invention, Unlike the method in which the detection circuit unit and the frame body are directly electrically connected, the AC indirect coupling method simplifies the construction and disconnects the frame body and the detection circuit unit during construction or maintenance. There is no damage problem and reliability is improved.

  Furthermore, in a film base material having a conductive layer, two conductive portions are provided, and the surface of the conductive layer is subjected to a relatively thin insulation treatment on the entire surface of the film base material, so that electrostatic charges generated between the conductive portions are generated. By adopting a configuration that detects changes in capacitance and indirectly connecting to the detection circuit section at a part of each conductive portion, a conductive frame for the surrounding reference electrode becomes unnecessary, and the film base Since the sensing function can be provided only by the surface, and the detection circuit portion only needs to be attached to the film base surface, the construction can be simplified.

  And by setting it as the structure which improved transparency, such as a film base material, an electroconductive layer, an insulating layer, and also the electrode part for coupling | bonding, the internal visibility after construction is not deteriorated. Therefore, in the crime prevention film field corresponding to the “glass breaking” crime that breaks the glass and intrudes into the building by pasting it on the window for ordinary houses, it is conventional by using the conductive film according to the present invention. It is possible to have an alarm function in addition to the entry prevention function. In addition, the detection circuit unit can be configured to be affixed on the film substrate, and the construction can be made very simple. Furthermore, it can also have a high prevention function against glass scattering that occurs during an earthquake disaster.

  Also, by using the conductive film according to the present invention, it functions as a touch sensor that detects when touched and attached to an exhibition shelf or a showcase with a transparent window in addition to a security film for residential windows. It can also be used as a switch function to start a variety of controls by detecting the contact of a human hand by providing guidance such as announcements, crime prevention such as warnings, or being incorporated in a part of the wallpaper of a house.

  Hereinafter, the embodiment of the film sensor having a conductive layer according to the present invention is provided with a transparent substrate having a detection electrode, and a reference electrode that is not in contact with the transparent substrate and the detection electrode. In the sensor in which a detection circuit for detecting a change in capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode is connected, a transparent conductive layer and a protective layer are sequentially formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, Description will be made using a case where the sensor has a detection electrode coupling electrode on the protective layer, and the detection electrode is a transparent conductive layer sandwiching the protective layer and a detection electrode coupling electrode.

  A conductive layer is formed on one side of the film substrate by utilizing a film forming technique such as a dry coating method or a wet coating method. An insulating treatment layer is provided on the surface of the conductive layer for the purpose of protecting the conductive layer. Further, a coupling electrode portion is attached on the insulating treatment layer via an adhesive. On the other side of the film substrate, it is installed in the holding part via an adhesive layer.

  The coupling electrode portion is connected to the detection circuit portion by an electric wire. Here, there is a relatively thin insulating treatment layer between the coupling electrode portion and the conductive layer, and it operates as a parallel plate type capacitor composed of the coupling electrode portion and the conductive layer using the insulation treatment layer as a dielectric. . Therefore, when an AC signal is applied to the coupling electrode section, it is coupled to the conductive layer via this capacitor, and the entire conductive layer operates as a detection electrode for the reference electrode.

  In this case, the capacitance between the conductive layer and the detection electrode coupling electrode is larger than the capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode, and is negligible in terms of the detection circuit.

  A film substrate having such a conductive layer is used for applications that are mainly attached to a holding part such as a window made of glass or plastic, and by holding such a sticking, the holding part is It is fixed with a conductive frame. And it is connected with the electrode part for coupling via the electric wire from the detection circuit part, the electrode part for coupling is affixed on the insulating treatment layer on the film substrate with an adhesive or the like, and the electrode part for coupling The entire conductive layer functions as a detection electrode through a parallel plate capacitor made of a conductive layer.

  On the other hand, the reference electrode of the detection circuit section is drawn out by another electric wire and directly connected to a conductive frame.

  Therefore, an electrostatic capacity exists between the conductive layer and the frame. When a dielectric material such as a person or a conductor such as a metal approaches or contacts the conductive layer and the frame, a slight change occurs in the capacitance. As an actual detection method, an AC signal is applied between the conductive layer that is the detection electrode and the frame that is the reference electrode, and a change occurs in the AC signal when a person or the like approaches or touches. Detection is possible by amplifying / determining the weak change.

  Moreover, in the film base material, the conductive layer, the insulating treatment layer, and further the electrode part for coupling, etc., the internal visibility after construction is not deteriorated by adopting a configuration with enhanced transparency. Therefore, in the crime prevention film field corresponding to the “glass breaking” crime that breaks the glass and intrudes into the building by pasting it on the window for ordinary houses, it is conventional by using the conductive film according to the present invention. It is possible to have an alarm function in addition to the entry prevention function. In addition, the detection circuit unit can be configured to be affixed on the film substrate, and the construction can be made very simple.

  Furthermore, by using the conductive film according to the present invention, it functions as a touch sensor that is detected when touched and attached to an exhibition shelf or a showcase with a transparent window in addition to a security film for residential windows. It can also be used as a switch function for giving announcements and warnings.

  Next, a method for capturing a change in capacitance that occurs between the detection electrode side and the reference electrode side will be described. Various detection methods are used in the actual system. For example, it is conceivable to detect a change in the oscillation frequency of the oscillator accompanying a change in capacitance, or to detect a change in impedance at the electrode portion, but it is not particularly limited.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a bridge circuit 81, which is the simplest and general method as a detection method, is applied. This is a circuit in which a resistance element is replaced with a capacitor in a resistance bridge circuit, and an applied signal source is an AC signal oscillation unit 82. Here, Cs is a total capacity of the bridge circuit in the normal state (when the intruder is not approaching or not in contact) and the film substrate 1 side that is the detection electrode side is viewed as Cs. The capacitance values arranged on each side are C1, C2, and C4 as shown in FIG. Moreover, the impedance of these capacitors is expressed as follows.
Capacitance: C1 impedance Z1 = 1 / ωC1
Capacitance: C2 impedance Z2 = 1 / ωC2
Capacitance: C4 impedance Z4 = 1 / ωC4
Capacitance: Cs impedance Zs = 1 / ωCs
(Ω is the angular frequency of AC signal vibration)
When the signal level at point A and point B of the bridge circuit is equal in Cs in a normal state (when an intruder is not approaching or in contact), that is, when the bridge circuit is in an equilibrium state, The relationship between the impedances is Z1 · Zs = Z2 · Z4. This is also C1 · Cs = C2 · C4. Therefore, the values may be selected so that the above-described relationship is established for the capacitors C1, C2, and C4 in Cs in the normal state.

  When the intruder approaches or comes into contact with the film substrate 1 on the detection electrode side, the stray capacitance of the intruder is added to the detection-reference electrode capacitance Cs0 in the normal state, and the overall capacitance Cs changes. Therefore, the balanced state of the bridge circuit is lost, and a difference occurs in the signal levels at the points A and B of the bridge circuit. This difference level is amplified by the differential amplifier 83 at the next stage, and although not shown, direct current and level determination processing are performed at the subsequent stage to determine the approach or contact of the intruder.

An alarm system (not shown) can be configured by combining with a controller or an alarm device based on the determination result, and can function as a crime prevention system.

  FIG. 9 is equivalent to FIG. 8 in the present embodiment in consideration of capacitance components at each portion on the detection electrode side by the film substrate 1 having the conductive layer and on the reference electrode side by the conductive frame 7. It is a circuit.

  Here, Cs is the total capacity of the bridge substrate viewed from the film substrate 1 side, which is the detection electrode side.

  Further, the detection electrode side coupling capacitance formed by the conductive layer 2 and the coupling electrode portion 4 on the detection electrode side in FIG. 3 is Cs1, and is arranged via the frame body 7 and the insulator portion 9 on the reference electrode side. A reference electrode side coupling capacitance constituted by the coupling electrode portion 10 is Cs2, and a detection electrode-reference electrode capacitance generated between the detection electrode side by the conductive layer 2 and the reference electrode side by the frame 7 is Cs0. These three capacitors are equivalently connected in series and have a relationship of (1 / Cs) = (1 / Cs1) + (1 / Cs2) + (1 / Cs0).

  In the present embodiment, the frequency of the AC signal oscillating unit 82 that is a signal source applied to the bridge circuit 81 is about 100 KHz, and the values of the capacitors in the bridge circuit are C1 = C2 = 180 pF and C4 = 30 pF. Further, the coupling electrode portion 4 on the detection electrode side and the coupling electrode portion 10 on the reference electrode side use a copper plate of 50 mm × 50 mm, the thickness of the insulator is 0.2 mm, and the relative dielectric constant is about 2. . At this time, based on these conditions, when the detection electrode side coupling capacitance: Cs1 and the reference electrode side coupling capacitance: Cs2 are calculated using the capacitance calculation formula, Cs1 = Cs2≈220 pF. Therefore, in a normal state (when an intruder is not approaching or in contact), the bridge circuit 81 is in a balanced state, so Cs = C4 = 30 pF. By substituting these numerical values into the above-described equation, the capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode: Cs0 in the normal state is about 41 pF.

  From this, it can be seen that as the detection electrode side coupling capacitance: Cs1 and the reference electrode side coupling capacitance: Cs2 are increased, the detection electrode-reference electrode capacitance: Cs0 approaches the value of the capacitor C4.

<Transparent film substrate>
Next, the film substrate will be described. All base film substrates include transparent film-like inorganic compound moldings and organic compound moldings, but they are organic compounds due to their flexibility and light weight, and above all, processability. The shape of the molded product is not particularly limited as long as the surface is smooth. Moreover, if the transparent substrate has transparency, a homogeneous structure of a single organic compound molded product (for example, no optical anisotropy) is possible. On the other hand, in order to reinforce the strength of the film, a laminated film in which the same or different organic compound molded products are formed into a laminated structure with an adhesive / adhesive, or a film having a multilayer structure when the film is molded can be used.

Examples of the organic compound having transparency include polyamide, polyimide, polypropylene, polyethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyurethane, polyethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyethylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, polyarylate, polyether. Examples thereof include plastics such as ether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and triacetyl cellulose. In particular, plastic films such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polycarbonate are preferable from the viewpoint of transparency, strength, price, and the like. The thickness of the plastic film is appropriately selected from the range of 25 to 300 μm depending on the intended use, and further, depending on the intended use, an ultraviolet absorbent, an infrared absorbent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a colorant, an antioxidant Even if an agent, a flame retardant, or the like is added, there is no particular limitation and no limitation is imposed.

  Next, for each conductive layer, the electrodes other than the transparent conductive layer, the reference electrode, and the coupling electrode are not necessarily transparent, but it is preferable that these electrodes are also transparent.

  The transparent conductive layer constituting the film sensor is not particularly limited as long as it has electrical conductivity, but it is an oxide of indium, tin, zinc, titanium, niobium, cerium, antimony, etc., and a composite oxide composed of two or more elements. Is preferred. A multilayer film in which silver and a silver alloy are narrowly supported with a transparent oxide can also be used. Although the formation method is not particularly limited, the dry method includes a vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, a plasma activated deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, and the like, and the wet method uses sol-gel or conductive particles. There is a method of dispersing and applying a coating liquid. In this case, the lower the resistance value required for the transparent conductive layer, the more advantageous, but there is no particular limitation as long as there is no functional problem depending on the configuration of the detection circuit. Regarding the film thickness, it is preferable that the thickness is approximately 5 nm or more at which a continuous film is formed.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or adhesive layer is used for film bonding and glass bonding. Although it is not clearly distinguished at the time of use, the surface to be bonded to glass is preferably an adhesive. The reason is that when the adhesive and glass are in contact with each other, the adhesive is effective against “glass breaking” to prevent the glass from scattering when the glass is broken, and the crime prevention performance is improved. The number of multilayers can also be appropriately determined according to the required characteristics. Adhesives include acrylic adhesives based on polyacrylic acid esters, silicone adhesives based on silicone resins, and rubber-based adhesives consisting mainly of natural rubber and synthetic rubber elastic bodies and tackifiers. There are agents. Although there is no restriction | limiting in the adhesive which can be used, As an adhesive in this invention, an acrylic type or silicone type adhesive is preferable. As the adhesive, epoxy resin, urethane resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin and the like can be used.

  The insulating protective layer is applied for the purpose of protecting the conductive layer formed on the surface of the film substrate, and the purpose is to increase the surface hardness of the entire film substrate. The effect is a weather-resistant treatment that does not cause scratches such as pencils and scratches caused by steel wool. The material for forming the insulating treatment layer may be any material having transparency, appropriate hardness, and mechanical strength, and examples thereof include resin materials such as acrylic resins, organic silicone resins, and polysiloxanes. In addition, when applying an insulating treatment layer, it is possible to increase the hardness by mixing a resin filler or an inorganic filler in the coating liquid, or to make the film itself opaque and to provide a privacy protection function. You can use it.

  Further, although not shown as a method of providing an additional function, an ultraviolet absorbing layer and an infrared absorbing layer may be provided on the adhesive layer / adhesive layer or the insulating treatment layer. The ultraviolet absorption layer and the infrared absorption layer have a function of reducing the incidence of ultraviolet rays and infrared rays in sunlight into the room. As a method, each layer may be formed by forming a film containing ultraviolet rays or an infrared absorber, or mixing with an adhesive layer and an adhesive layer or an insulating treatment layer. The formation method is not particularly limited. UV absorbers include salicylic acid-based, benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, cyanoacrylate-based organic systems, and inorganic fine-particle systems such as iron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and indium oxide. Or may be used in combination.

As the infrared absorber, there are an organic type such as an infrared absorbing dye and an inorganic type such as conductive inorganic fine particles, which can be used according to demands. Examples of the organic type include phthalocyanine type and cyanine type organic dyes. Examples of the inorganic system include tin oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide, antimony-containing tin oxide, and indium-containing tin oxide fine particles. Among these, a material that does not absorb light in the visible light region is preferable. In general, thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resins, polyester resins, alkyd resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, amino resins, and vinyl resins are generally used as resins for fixing ultraviolet rays or infrared absorbers. In addition, the transparent oxide material used in the transparent conductive layer of the film sensor has an absorption performance due to electrical conductivity in the infrared region and an absorption performance due to the band gap in the ultraviolet region. It is possible to provide both the effects of ultraviolet rays and infrared absorbing layers.

  Moreover, it is also possible to use a plastic film transparent in the visible region containing the ultraviolet absorber and infrared absorber as described above as the transparent substrate.

  Although the glass sensor, the window glass, and the glass-like building structure are given as the objects to which the film sensor of the present invention is pasted, the present invention is not limited thereto, and particularly if it is transparent and strong and can be used as a window or a show window. There is no limitation, and a synthetic resin plate or the like is also possible. Moreover, in order to prevent malfunction of the bonded film sensor, it is possible to prepare an operation permission signal and restrict the operation. As an example, it is preferable to install a microswitch on a window glass or the like.

  Furthermore, the transparency of the substrate, the protective layer, the conductive layer, etc. is not particularly problematic for practical use as long as the average light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm is 70% or more, but it may be lower if necessary. .

  In addition, the insulating layer is necessary when the window frame is made of metal, and is not limited to the material.

  Furthermore, in the configuration in which the substrate is on the surface, a protective layer may be provided on the uppermost layer, and an antireflection layer and an antifouling layer may be further provided on the surface.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a film sensor having a conductive layer in the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the basic structure of the present invention. The conductive layer 2 is formed on one surface of the film substrate 1 by utilizing a film forming technique such as a dry coating method or a wet coating method. An insulating treatment layer 3 is provided on the surface of the conductive layer 2 for the purpose of protecting the conductive layer 2. Further, although not shown, a coupling electrode portion 4 is attached on the insulating treatment layer 3 via an adhesive. Although not shown in the figure, the other side of the film substrate 1 is installed in the holding part 5 via an adhesive layer. This holding part 5 is glass or the like.

  The coupling electrode portion 4 is connected to the detection circuit portion by an electric wire 6, and the conductive layer 2 functions as a detection electrode when viewed from the detection circuit portion. An AC signal is used as an electrical signal for detecting a change in capacitance between the reference electrode and the detection electrode in the detection circuit unit. Here, there is a relatively thin insulating treatment layer 3 between the coupling electrode portion 4 and the conductive layer 2, and a parallel plate composed of the coupling electrode portion 4 and the conductive layer 2 using the insulation treatment layer 3 as a dielectric. Operates as a type capacitor. Therefore, the AC signal applied from the detection circuit unit to the coupling electrode unit 4 through the electric wire 6 is coupled to the conductive layer 2 through this capacitor, and the entire conductive layer 2 serves as a detection electrode for the reference electrode. Operate. In this manner, the entire conductive layer 2 can be easily operated as the detection electrode of the detection circuit unit without attaching the lead wire for electric signal directly from the conductive layer 2 as in the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a film substrate having a conductive layer according to the present invention applied to a window glass and applied to a sensor for detecting contact or approach of a person or the like. The film substrate 1 having the conductive layer in the present invention described in FIG. 1 is attached to a holding part 5 such as glass, and the holding part 5 is fixed by a conductive frame 7. The detection circuit unit 8 is connected to the coupling electrode unit 4 through the electric wire 6, and the coupling electrode unit 4 is applied onto the insulating treatment layer 3 on the film substrate 1 by an adhesive or the like. The entire conductive layer 2 functions as a detection electrode through a parallel plate capacitor composed of the coupling electrode portion 4 and the conductive layer 2.

  On the other hand, the reference electrode of the detection circuit unit 8 is drawn out by another electric wire 6 and directly connected to the frame 7 having conductivity. Therefore, an electrostatic capacity exists between the conductive layer 2 and the frame body 7. When a dielectric substance such as a person or a conductor such as a metal approaches or contacts the conductive layer 2 and the frame 7, a slight change occurs in the capacitance. As an actual detection method, an AC signal is applied between the conductive layer 2 serving as a detection electrode and the frame body 7 serving as a reference electrode, and a change occurs in the AC signal when a person or the like approaches or comes into contact. Detection is possible by amplifying / determining the weak change.

  In Example 2 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the configuration of the film base 1 having the conductive layer on the detection electrode side is the same as that in FIG. 2, but it has conductivity on the reference electrode side of the detection circuit unit 8. There is a contrivance in the connection method with the frame body 7. In the first embodiment, the detection circuit unit 8 is directly connected to the frame body 7 via the electric wire 6. However, in the present embodiment, a relatively thin insulator unit 9 is disposed on a part of the frame body 7, A coupling electrode portion 10 on the reference electrode side is provided on the insulator portion 9 and is connected to the detection circuit portion 8 through the electric wire 6 from here.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional structure. That is, the parallel plate type capacitor structure in which the insulator portion 9 is formed as a dielectric also on the reference electrode side allows the frame body 7 and the coupling electrode portion 10 to be connected in an alternating manner, so that the frame body 7 is connected to the detection circuit portion. 8 is operated as the reference electrode side.

  Thus, the connection method of the detection circuit unit 8 is such that each coupling electrode unit (the coupling electrode unit 4 on the detection electrode side and the coupling electrode unit 10 on the reference electrode side) is placed on the insulating treatment layer 3 of the film substrate 1. And it is only necessary to affix on the insulator part 9 of the frame 7, and the construction is simplified.

  In Example 3, the idea in Example 2 was further advanced. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a conductive frame 7 serving as a reference electrode is provided around a film substrate 1 having a conductive layer. This is a method that does not need to be arranged, and the film base 1 alone is configured to have a sensing function. The film substrate 1 has two conductive portions. The conductive layer 2b is arranged so that one of them forms a ring in a portion close to the outer periphery of the film substrate 1. The other conductive portion is located inside the annular conductive layer 2b and exists as a large-area conductive layer 2a. The two conductive layers 2a and 2b are not conductive. Furthermore, a relatively thin insulating treatment layer 3 is applied on both conductive layers 2a and 2b. Then, coupling electrode portions 4a and 4b are provided at positions closest to each other in a part of each of the conductive layers 2a and 2b. The coupling electrode portions 4a and 4b are integrated with the detection circuit portion 8, and the electric wire 6 in the first and second embodiments is unnecessary. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of this portion viewed from above. Here, the coupling electrode portion 4a side coupled with the conductive layer 2a is the detection electrode side in the detection circuit portion 8, and the side where the conductive layer 2b and coupling electrode portion 4b are coupled is the reference electrode side in the detection circuit portion 8. It is. That is, the conductive layer 2b has the same function as that of the frame body 7 having conductivity in the second embodiment.

  Therefore, when a dielectric substance such as a person or a conductor such as a metal approaches or contacts the conductive layer 2a and the conductive layer 2b, a slight change occurs in the capacitance, and the conductive layer 2a on the detection electrode side If an AC signal is applied between the conductive layers 2b on the reference electrode side, a change occurs in the AC signal when a person or the like approaches or touches. By amplifying / determining this weak change, it is possible to detect a change in the surrounding situation. By adopting this method, the film base with a conductive layer that can be sensed even for resin-made window frames that have recently appeared to prevent heat dissipation from the window frame, improve heat retention, prevent condensation, and reduce weight. It can be used as a material.

  In addition, Example 3 shows an example of a system in which two conductive layers are provided on the film substrate 1, and other arrangement patterns are included in the intended scope of the present invention.

  Next, although Example 4 is basically the same idea as Example 3, it is a method of arranging two conductive portions on a film substrate and detecting a change in capacitance between them. The shape of the sex part is changed.

  First, as shown in FIG. 7, the conductive layer 2a which is the first conductive portion is formed in a comb shape on the film base 1, and the conductive layer 2b which is the second conductive portion is also a film base. 1 is formed in a comb shape. However, the arrangement position is a positional relationship in which the comb of the conductive layer 2b which is the second conductive portion exists in the gap of the comb in the conductive layer 2a which is the first conductive portion. The second conductive layers 2a and 2b are arranged so as not to conduct, and a relatively thin insulating treatment layer 3 is provided on both the conductive layers 2a and 2b. Similarly to the third embodiment, coupling electrode portions 4a and 4b are provided at positions closest to each other in a part of each of the conductive layers 2a and 2b. The coupling electrode portions 4a and 4b are integrated with the detection circuit portion 8, and the electric wire 6 in the first and second embodiments is unnecessary. The detection principle is the same as in Example 3, but in Example 4, there are more opposing sides of the conductive layer 2a on the detection electrode side and the conductive layer 2b on the reference electrode side. It can be detected relatively uniformly.

  In addition, Example 4 shows an example of the system which provides two electroconductive layers on the film base material 1, Even if it is another arrangement pattern, it is contained in the place which this invention intends.

  The film substrate 1 itself of Example 1 has a configuration that also serves as an insulating treatment layer. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the conductive layer 2 is provided on the opposite side of the film base 1 from the coupling electrode portion 4 side. This substantially eliminates the need for an insulation treatment layer.

It is sectional drawing which showed the 1st Example in this invention. It is the front view which showed the 1st Example in this invention. It is the front view which showed the 2nd Example in this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the 2nd Example in this invention. It is the front view which showed the 3rd Example in this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the 3rd Example in this invention. It is the front view which showed the 4th Example in this invention. It is the figure which showed the circuit of the detection part in this invention. It is the figure which showed the equivalent circuit of the detection part in this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the 5th Example in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Film base material 2 ... Conductive layer 3 ... Insulation processing layer 4 ... Detection electrode side, Coupling electrode part 5 ... Holding part 6 ... Electric wire 7 ... Frame 8 ... Detection circuit part 9 ... Insulator part 10 ... Reference electrode side, coupling electrode part 81 ... Bridge circuit 82 ... AC signal oscillation part 83 ... Differential amplifiers C1, C2, C4 ... Capacitor

Claims (4)

A sensor comprising a transparent substrate having a detection electrode and a reference electrode, wherein a detection circuit for detecting a change in capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode is connected to the detection electrode and the reference electrode,
A first transparent conductive layer is formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, and a second conductive layer is formed on the same surface of the transparent substrate in non-contact with the first transparent conductive layer. And
The first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer are both comb-shaped, and are arranged so that the teeth of the combs are engaged with each other.
Having a protective layer on at least the first transparent conductive layer, and a detection electrode coupling electrode on the protective layer;
The sensor, wherein the detection electrode is a first transparent conductive layer sandwiching the protective layer and a detection electrode coupling electrode. A protective layer is also provided on the second conductive layer, and a reference electrode coupling electrode is provided at a position above the second conductive layer of the protective layer,
The sensor of claim 1, wherein the said reference electrode is a second transparent conductive layer and the reference electrode coupled electrodes sandwiching a protective layer. A sensor comprising a transparent substrate having a detection electrode and a reference electrode, wherein a detection circuit for detecting a change in capacitance between the detection electrode and the reference electrode is connected to the detection electrode and the reference electrode,
A first transparent conductive layer is formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, and a second conductive layer is formed on the same surface of the transparent substrate in non-contact with the first transparent conductive layer. And
The first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer are both comb-shaped, and are arranged so that the teeth of the combs are engaged with each other.
A detection electrode coupling electrode is disposed at a position opposite to the first transparent conductive layer on the side opposite to the side on which the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer are provided. A reference electrode coupling electrode at a position opposite to the conductive layer;
The detection electrode is a first transparent conductive layer sandwiching the transparent substrate and a detection electrode coupling electrode;
The sensor is characterized in that the reference electrode is a second conductive layer sandwiching the transparent substrate and a reference electrode coupling electrode. A sensor according to claim 1, wherein the protective layer is transparent.

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