JP6394924B2 - Anomaly detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an abnormality detection device that includes a detection sheet that is attached to a detection target object and that detects the occurrence of a structural abnormality in the detection target object.

Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, a glass breakage detector that is attached to a glass plate and detects breakage of the glass plate is known.
The glass breakage detector uses a vibration sensor that converts the vibration of the glass plate into a voltage signal. The glass breakage detector detects the breakage of the glass plate by comparing a predetermined frequency component extracted from the output signal of the vibration sensor with a threshold value.

JP 2000-48268 A

  By the way, in order to detect that the glass plate is broken, the glass breakage detector needs to vibrate the glass plate to such an extent that the vibration sensor can detect it. On the other hand, since the magnitude of the vibration generated in the glass plate changes depending on the shape and thickness of the glass plate, the object to which the glass breakage detector is applied generates vibration that can be detected by the vibration sensor. In addition, the shape and thickness of the glass plate are limited. Therefore, the glass breakage detector is desired to be improved in expanding the types such as the shape and thickness of the glass plate.

  Requests to detect various structural anomalies such as scratches, breaks, breakages, and deformations include digital signage in addition to structures such as windows made of transparent materials such as glass and acrylic. It extends to display structures such as signs and signs. And in the abnormality detection device that detects that there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of these objects to be detected, a technique for expanding the objects to be applied is required in the same manner as the glass breakage detector. ing.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality detection apparatus that can detect with high versatility that an abnormality may have occurred in the structure of the object to be detected. Is to provide.

  An abnormality detection device that solves the above-described problem is a light transmission rate according to a change in a voltage that is positioned between a pair of transparent electrodes and the pair of transparent electrodes, and a sheet driving unit applies to the pair of transparent electrodes. A change sheet to be changed, and a detected sheet attached to the detected object. Further, in this abnormality detection device, at least one of the pair of transparent electrodes is a target electrode, the electrical characteristic value that changes according to a change in a resistance value of the target electrode, and the transparent electrode including the target electrode. The detection part which detects the said electrical property value is provided. The abnormality detection device determines that the structure of the target electrode is normal when the electrical characteristic value detected by the detection unit is a normal value, and detects the electric current detected by the detection unit. And a determination unit that determines that an abnormality has occurred in the target electrode when the target characteristic value is not a normal value.

  According to the abnormality detection device, the detection unit detects the electrical characteristic value of the transparent electrode corresponding to the resistance value of the target electrode. When an abnormality occurs in the structure of the object to be detected and an abnormality also occurs in a part of the structure of the target electrode, the electrical characteristic value of the transparent electrode including the target electrode changes. Then, when the electrical characteristic value of the transparent electrode is not a normal value, the determination unit determines that the target electrode is abnormal, so that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, and consequently, the structure of the object to be detected The abnormality detection device can detect that an abnormality may have occurred. As a result, it is possible to detect that there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detection target object with high versatility while suppressing restrictions due to the shape and thickness of the detection target object.

In the above configuration, the detection unit may detect the electrical characteristic value when the voltage is applied from the sheet driving unit to the pair of transparent electrodes.
According to the above configuration, the voltage for setting the light transmittance to a desired value also serves as the voltage for detecting the electrical characteristic value. For this reason, the frequency of detecting the electrical characteristic value is the same as the voltage for setting the light transmittance to a desired value and the voltage for detecting the electrical characteristic value are different from each other. On a certain premise, it is possible to make the configuration for applying the voltage common.

  In the above configuration, the sheet driving unit is further provided, and the sheet driving unit is applying the voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes, and an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode. If it is determined by the determination unit, the application of the voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes may be stopped.

  According to the above configuration, when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, voltage application to the pair of transparent electrodes is stopped. It is possible to suppress the continuous application of.

  The said structure WHEREIN: The said target electrode is one said transparent electrode, The said detection part detects the voltage value in each said transparent electrode separately, The said determination part is one said said transparent which the said detection part detected It may be determined whether the target electrode is normal based on a comparison between the voltage value at the electrode and the voltage value at the other transparent electrode detected by the detection unit.

  The electrical characteristic values in the pair of transparent electrodes change due to deterioration over time in the sheet to be detected. On the other hand, according to the above configuration, it is determined whether or not the structure of the target electrode is normal based on the comparison of the voltage values of the transparent electrodes. And the change of the electrical characteristic value in one transparent electrode by the deterioration of the above-mentioned aging etc. becomes easy to cancel in comparison by the change of the electrical characteristic value in the other transparent electrode. As a result, it is possible to reduce the error that the above-described change in the electrical characteristic value has on the determination result.

  In the above configuration, the electrical characteristic value is an electrical characteristic value at the target electrode, the detection unit detects the electrical characteristic value at the target electrode, and the determination unit includes the detection unit. Based on the detected electrical property value of the target electrode, it may be determined whether or not the structure of the target electrode having the electrical property value is normal.

  According to the above configuration, since whether or not the structure of the target electrode is normal is determined based on the electrical characteristic value at the target electrode, the result of the determination as to whether or not the structure is normal Errors due to configurations other than the electrodes are less likely to be included.

  In the above-described configuration, the transparent electrode further includes an alignment film for aligning the direction of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the electrode surface of each transparent electrode, and the change layer includes liquid crystal in voids of the polymer resin formed in a three-dimensional network shape. A polymer network type liquid crystal in which molecules are arranged, and exhibits translucency when no voltage is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes, while exhibits non-translucency when a voltage is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes. Also good. In the present invention, the “translucency” is a transparent state (low haze) that allows light to pass through, and the “non-translucency” is an opaque state (high haze) that is cloudy and cannot be seen. In the following, the same meaning is used.

  The change layer in the above configuration exhibits translucency when no voltage is applied, and exhibits non-translucency when a voltage is applied. The detected sheet having non-translucency makes it difficult to visually recognize the state of the detected object side with respect to the detected sheet. Therefore, it is possible to conceal the state of the object to be detected with respect to the sheet to be detected during normal application, and conceal the state of the object to be detected with respect to the sheet to be detected when there is no abnormal application. It is also possible to do.

  In the above-described configuration, the sheet driving unit is further provided, the electrode surface of each transparent electrode includes a first electrode portion and a second electrode portion, and the second electrode portion is provided on the abnormality detection device. You may provide the part which shows information toward the exterior. When the determination unit determines that the structure of the target electrode is normal, the sheet driving unit is connected to the change layer sandwiched between the first electrode portions and the second electrode portions. The voltage at the first electrode portion and the voltage at the second electrode portion may be set so that the change layer sandwiched between them shows the same transmittance. In addition, when the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, the sheet driving unit is configured so that the change layer sandwiched between the first electrode portions exhibits translucency. While setting the voltage at the first electrode portion, the voltage at the second electrode portion may be set so that the change layer sandwiched between the second electrode portions is non-translucent. Good.

  In the normal state of the above configuration, both the portion sandwiched between the pair of first electrode portions and the portion sandwiched between the pair of second electrode portions have the same transmittance. Therefore, the presentation of information toward the outside of the abnormality detection device is restricted. On the other hand, when the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, the change layer sandwiched between the second electrode portions is non-translucent while the change layer sandwiched between the first electrode portions The layer is translucent. Therefore, information can be presented by the second electrode portion.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to detect with high versatility that there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the object to be detected.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection apparatus in 1st Embodiment with the cross-sectional structure of the to-be-detected sheet at the time of non-application. The action figure which shows the optical characteristic in the to-be-detected sheet at the time of non-application. The block diagram which shows the structure of an abnormality detection apparatus with the structure of the to-be-detected sheet | seat at the time of application. The action figure which shows the optical characteristic in the to-be-detected sheet at the time of application. The figure which shows the form with which an abnormality detection apparatus is applied with the cross-section of a to-be-detected sheet | seat. FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a sheet to be detected and a window superimposed. (A) is a layout diagram showing the relationship between the position of the input terminal and the position of the detection terminal, (b) is a graph schematically showing the voltage drop between the terminals relative to the resistance value from the input terminal. Sectional drawing which shows the form to which an abnormality detection apparatus is applied with the cross-section of a to-be-detected sheet when abnormality generate | occur | produces. (A) is a layout showing the relationship between the position of the input terminal and the position of the detection terminal, (b) is a graph showing the voltage value at each part of the first transparent electrode between the terminals, (c) is The graph which shows the voltage value in each site | part of the 2nd transparent electrode between terminals. (A) is a graph which shows transition of the resistance value difference between a pair of transparent electrodes, (b) is a graph which shows transition of the voltage applied to a pair of transparent electrodes, (c) is translucency in a change layer. FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing a transition between property and non-translucency. Sectional drawing which shows the form with which the abnormality detection apparatus in 2nd Embodiment is applied with the cross-section of a to-be-detected sheet when abnormality generate | occur | produces. (A) is a layout showing the relationship between the position of the input terminal and the position of the detection terminal, (b) is a graph showing the voltage value at each part of the first transparent electrode between the terminals, (c) is The graph which shows the voltage value in each site | part of the 2nd transparent electrode between terminals. (A) is a graph which shows transition of the resistance value difference between a pair of transparent electrodes, (b) is a graph which shows transition of the voltage applied to a pair of transparent electrodes, (c) is translucency in a change layer. FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing a transition between property and non-translucency. The block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection apparatus in 3rd Embodiment with the cross-sectional structure in the to-be-detected sheet at the time of non-application. The action figure which shows the optical characteristic in the to-be-detected sheet at the time of non-application. The block diagram which shows the structure of an abnormality detection apparatus with the cross-sectional structure in the to-be-detected sheet at the time of application. The action figure which shows the optical characteristic of the to-be-detected sheet at the time of application. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a sheet to be detected, a window, and a display plate in an overlapping manner. (A) is a graph which shows transition of the resistance value difference between a pair of transparent electrodes, (b) is a graph which shows transition of the voltage applied to a pair of transparent electrodes, (c) is translucency in a change layer. FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing a transition between property and non-translucency. The block diagram which shows the structure of the abnormality detection apparatus in 4th Embodiment with the planar structure of the to-be-detected sheet at the time of non-application. (A) is a graph showing a transition of a resistance value difference between a pair of transparent electrodes, (b) is a graph showing a transition of a voltage applied to the first electrode portion, and (c) is a second electrode. The graph which shows transition of the voltage applied to a part, (d) is a state figure showing transition between translucency and non-translucency in the background part which is the background of a character part among change layers, (e) is The state diagram which shows transition of the translucency and non-translucency in a character part among change layers.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of an abnormality detection device will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the abnormality detection device includes a pair of substrates 11, a pair of transparent electrodes 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B, and a detection sheet 10 including a change layer 13, detection units 14 and 15, and an overall processing unit. 16.

  The pair of substrates 11 is light transmissive. As the material of the substrate 11, glass, silicon, or a polymer film such as polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide, or polysulfone can be used. Each substrate 11 has a first surface 11A and a second surface 11B. The pair of substrates 11 includes a pair of transparent electrodes 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B on a first surface 11 </ b> A that is a facing surface of each substrate 11.

  The pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B have light transmittance. The material constituting each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), tin oxide (TO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), or the like. In each of the transparent electrodes 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B, the change layer 13 is located on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the substrate 11. The change layer 13 is located between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B.

  The change layer 13 is a polymer network type liquid crystal having a PNLC (Polymer Network Liquid Crystal) structure. The PNLC structure is a structure in which liquid crystal molecules 13B form a continuous layer in a polymer resin 13A having a random network. The liquid crystal molecule 13B has, for example, positive dielectric anisotropy, and the dielectric constant in the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 13B is larger than the dielectric constant in the minor axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 13B. Examples of the liquid crystal molecules 13B include Schiff base, azo, azoxy, biphenyl, terphenyl, benzoate, tolan, pyrimidine, cyclohexanecarboxylate, phenylcyclohexane, and dioxane. Can be mentioned.

  For the production of the PNLC structure in the change layer 13 described above, as a known method for phase-separating a polymer and a liquid crystal, for example, PIPS (Polymerization Induced Phase Separation) method, TIPS (Thermally Induced Phase Separation) method, SIPS (Solvent Induced Phase) Separation method or the like can be used. The PIPS method is a method in which a polymer precursor that is polymerized by heat or light, such as acrylic, thiol, or epoxy, is mixed with liquid crystal and polymerized from a uniform phase state to cause phase separation. The TIPS method is a method in which a thermoplastic resin and liquid crystal are mixed and the homogeneous phase is cooled and separated from a heated state. The SIPS method is a method in which a polymer and liquid crystal are dissolved in a solvent such as chloroform and the solvent is evaporated to phase separate the polymer and liquid crystal.

  The first detection unit 14 is connected to a detection terminal in the first transparent electrode 12A. The 1st detection part 14 detects the voltage value which is the value of the voltage of the detection terminal with respect to reference voltages, such as a ground voltage. Moreover, the 1st detection part 14 detects the value of the electric current which flows into the detection terminal of 12 A of 1st transparent electrodes as an electric current value. The first transparent electrode 12A is an example of a target electrode.

  The second detection unit 15 is connected to a detection terminal in the second transparent electrode 12B. The second detection unit 15 detects a voltage value that is a voltage value of the detection terminal with respect to a reference voltage such as a ground voltage. Moreover, the 2nd detection part 15 detects the value of the electric current which flows into the detection terminal of the 2nd transparent electrode 12B as a current value.

  The overall processing unit 16 includes a light control processing unit 17 that functions as an example of a sheet driving unit, and a detection processing unit 18 that functions as an example of a determination unit. The light control processing unit 17 determines the application mode with respect to the voltage applied to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. The dimming processing unit 17 applies a voltage based on a predetermined application mode to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B.

  The dimming processing unit 17 applies a voltage to the input terminal of the first transparent electrode 12A in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. The light control processing unit 17 applies a voltage to the input terminal of the second transparent electrode 12B in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A.

  In the first transparent electrode 12A, the position of the input terminal connected to the light control processing unit 17 and the position of the detection terminal connected to the first detection unit 14 are different from each other. For example, the position of the input terminal connected to the dimming processing unit 17 and the position of the detection terminal connected to the first detection unit 14 are mutually different in the first transparent electrode 12A having a rectangular planar shape. Opposite sides.

  In the second transparent electrode 12B, the position of the input terminal connected to the dimming processing unit 17 and the position of the detection terminal connected to the second detection unit 15 are different from each other. For example, the position of the input terminal connected to the dimming processing unit 17 and the position of the detection terminal connected to the second detection unit 15 are mutually different in the second transparent electrode 12B having a rectangular planar shape. Opposite sides.

  The detection processing unit 18 acquires the voltage value at the input terminal of the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A from the dimming processing unit 17. The detection processing unit 18 acquires the voltage value at the detection terminal of the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A from the first detection unit 14. The detection processing unit 18 acquires the current value at the detection terminal of the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A from the first detection unit 14. In the first transparent electrode 12A, the detection processing unit 18 calculates the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A from the decrease in the voltage value of the detection terminal with respect to the input terminal and the current value at the detection terminal.

  Similarly, the detection processing unit 18 acquires the voltage value at the input terminal of the second transparent electrode 12 </ b> B from the dimming processing unit 17. The detection processing unit 18 acquires the voltage value at the detection terminal of the second transparent electrode 12 </ b> B from the second detection unit 15. The detection processing unit 18 acquires the current value at the detection terminal of the second transparent electrode 12 </ b> B from the second detection unit 15. In the second transparent electrode 12B, the detection processing unit 18 calculates the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B from the drop in the voltage value of the detection terminal with respect to the input terminal and the current value at the detection terminal.

  The detection processing unit 18 monitors whether or not the resistance values of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B have changed. For example, the detection processing unit 18 monitors a difference value between the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B. When the difference value, which is an example of the electrical characteristic value, is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the transparent electrode having a relatively high resistance value among the first transparent electrode 12A and the second transparent electrode 12B. The detection processing unit 18 determines that a structural abnormality such as breakage has occurred. The threshold value at this time is an example of a normal value.

  When the detection processing unit 18 determines that a structural abnormality has occurred in one of the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the overall processing unit 16 applies a sheet driving voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. The dimming processing unit 17 stops the application. And the change layer 13 changes the phase state of a liquid crystal based on the aspect of the application of the voltage with respect to a pair of transparent electrode 12A, 12B.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, in the state where no voltage is applied from the light adjustment processing unit 17 to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 13B is random in the liquid crystal phase state. It becomes a focal conic phase that faces in any direction.

  Thus, in a state where the liquid crystal molecules 13B are not aligned, the light incident on the detected sheet 10 is diffused with its traveling direction greatly bent, that is, the detected sheet 10 becomes clouded. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the light incident on the detection sheet 10 is scattered without being transmitted in the thickness direction of the detection sheet 10, that is, the detection sheet 10 has non-translucency.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, in a state where a voltage for driving the liquid crystal molecules 13B is applied from the light control processing unit 17 to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 13B is the transparent electrodes 12A. , 12B, the phase state of the liquid crystal molecules 13B changes to a homeotropic phase perpendicular to the electrode surface.

  Thus, in the state in which the liquid crystal molecules 13B are aligned, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 13B and the refractive index of the polymer resin 13A are aligned. And the light which injected into the to-be-detected sheet | seat 10 does not bend the advancing direction largely. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the light incident on the detected sheet 10 is transmitted in the thickness direction of the detected sheet 10, that is, the detected sheet 10 has translucency.

  Next, the operation of the abnormality detection device will be described below, particularly focusing on the message display function using the non-translucency of the change layer 13 when no voltage is applied to drive the liquid crystal molecules 13B. .

  As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the detected sheet 10 is provided adjacent to the outside of a window 102 that is an example of a detected object among the openings 101 formed in the wall 100 of the building. ing. A long hole 30 is located in the center of the sheet to be detected 10. The shape of the long hole 30 follows the character shape of the message to be displayed (“SOS” in the example shown in the figure). The long hole 30 includes the change layer 13 and penetrates the detected sheet 10 in the thickness direction.

  When a voltage for driving the liquid crystal molecules 13B is not applied, the change layer 13 is non-translucent, and a portion other than the long hole 30 in the detected sheet 10 is a background portion that is the background of the character portion. Function as. Therefore, the character portion bordered by the outer shape of the long hole 30 is visually recognized as a message by a person located around the detected sheet 10.

  On the other hand, when a voltage for driving the liquid crystal molecules 13 </ b> B is applied, the change layer 13 has translucency, and a portion other than the long hole 30 in the detected sheet 10 has an edge of the long hole 30. It becomes transparent like the character part to take. Therefore, the character part bordered by the outer shape of the long hole 30 is buried in the scenery through the window 102 together with the part other than the long hole 30 in the detected sheet 10.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, in the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A, the position of the input terminal P <b> 1 to which the voltage is applied from the dimming processing unit 17 and the detection terminal from which the voltage is detected by the first detection unit 14. The position of P2 is directly opposite to the elongated hole 30 in the direction in which the first transparent electrode 12A spreads. Further, in the second transparent electrode 12B, the position of the input terminal P1 to which the voltage is applied from the dimming processing unit 17 and the position of the detection terminal P2 in which the voltage is detected by the second detection unit 15 are the second. In the direction in which the transparent electrode 12 </ b> B spreads, the opposite direction across the elongated hole 30 is opposite.

  As shown in FIG. 7B, the voltage value of the input terminal P1 is “V1”, the voltage value of the detection terminal P2 is “V2”, and the current value of the detection terminal P2 is “I”. The detection processing unit 18 divides the voltage difference ΔV, which is the difference between “V1” and “V2” in the first transparent electrode 12A, by “I” in the first transparent electrode 12A, and the divided value is the first value. The resistance value of the transparent electrode 12A is calculated. In addition, the detection processing unit 18 divides the voltage difference ΔV that is the difference between “V1” and “V2” in the second transparent electrode 12B by “I” in the second transparent electrode 12B, and the divided value is obtained. Calculated as the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B. Note that the voltage value of the input terminal P1 in the first transparent electrode 12A and the voltage value of the input terminal P1 in the second transparent electrode 12B may be voltage values for sheet driving in the detected sheet 10. The voltage value for detection may be different from that for driving the sheet.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 8, when a foreign object comes into the building or enters the building, a part of the sheet to be detected 10 is destroyed from the outside. At this time, the layer located outside the building in the layer structure of the sheet to be detected 10 is destroyed before the layer located inside the building. In the example shown in the figure, in the layer structure of the sheet to be detected 10, the abnormality occurrence portion A is generated in a part of the substrate 11, the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A, and the change layer 13 located outside the building. Yes.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9A, among the first transparent electrodes 12A, between the input terminal P1 in the first transparent electrode 12A and the detection terminal P2 in the first transparent electrode 12A. Thus, the abnormality occurrence portion A is located at a position where the outer shape of the long hole 30 is a character portion bordered.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 9B, the voltage drop per unit length between the input terminal P1 and the detection terminal P2 is particularly large in the vicinity of the abnormality occurrence portion A. As a result, even if the voltage value applied to the input terminal P1 of the first transparent electrode 12A is constant, “V1” that is the voltage value of the input terminal P1 and “V2α” that is the voltage value of the detection terminal P2. The difference value “ΔVα” is larger than before the occurrence of the abnormality. Accordingly, the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A obtained by dividing the difference value “ΔVα” by the current value “I” also becomes larger than before the abnormality occurs.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9C, for the second transparent electrode 12B not including the abnormality occurrence portion A, as in the case shown in FIG. 7B, the input terminal of the second transparent electrode 12B. If the magnitude of the voltage applied to P1 is constant, the voltage value “V1” of the input terminal P1, the voltage value “V2” of the detection terminal P2, and the difference value “ΔV” thereof are abnormal. It becomes constant from the front. As a result, the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B obtained by dividing the difference value “ΔV” by the current value “I” also becomes unchanged compared to before the abnormality occurs.

  That is, when an abnormality occurs in a part of the structure of the detected sheet 10, the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A and the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A where the abnormality first occurs in each layer constituting the detected sheet 10. There is a difference in the magnitude of the resistance value between the second transparent electrode 12B where the abnormality occurs after the occurrence of the abnormality.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10A, the overall processing unit 16 monitors the difference value between the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B as needed. For example, the overall processing unit 16 monitors the difference value between the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B as needed during the application period of the sheet driving voltage. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, the overall processing unit 16 sends the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A and the second transparent electrode 12 </ b> B from the dimming processing unit 17 while the difference value is less than the predetermined threshold value. In addition, the sheet driving voltage is continuously applied. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10C, the change layer 13 of the sheet to be detected 10 maintains translucency, and the character portion bordered by the outer shape of the long hole 30 is not displayed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10A, the overall processing unit 16 detects that a structural abnormality has occurred in the detected sheet 10 when the difference value reaches a predetermined threshold value or more. The determination is made through the unit 18. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the overall processing unit 16 determines that a structural abnormality has occurred in the detected sheet 10, the dimming processing unit 17 applies a pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. On the other hand, application of the sheet driving voltage is stopped. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10C, the change layer 13 of the sheet to be detected 10 transitions from a translucent state to a non-translucent state, and the outer shape of the long hole 30 borders. The character part is displayed as a message.

  In this way, the overall processing unit 16 calculates a difference value when an abnormality occurs in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, and thereby determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detected sheet 10. The determination of the occurrence of an abnormality based on the resistance value difference between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is not easily restricted by the shape and thickness of the window 102 to which the sheet to be detected 10 is applied, and its versatility is easily improved. The above-described difference in resistance value can be monitored by the overall processing unit 16 during which the detection voltage is separately applied to each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. is there. Such a detection period is a sufficiently short period in which driving of the detection sheet 10 due to application of a detection voltage is invisible.

  When the overall processing unit 16 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12 </ b> A, the detected sheet 10 has an outer shape of the elongated hole 30 due to a change in translucency in the change layer 13. Immediately display the character part to be taken. As a result, it is possible to promptly notify the periphery of the detected sheet 10 that an abnormality may have occurred in the structure of the window 102 due to the occurrence of an abnormality in the structure of the detected sheet 10.

  In particular, when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, the application of the sheet driving voltage from the light control processing unit 17 to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A, 12B is stopped, Non-translucency in the change layer 13 is suppressed. Therefore, before the voltage value of the first transparent electrode 12A is lowered to the extent that the state of the change layer 13 changes from the light-transmitting state to the non-light-transmitting state, the change layer 13 is not It will have translucency. Therefore, the difference between the display timing of the character part bordered by the outer shape of the long hole 30 and the timing when the abnormality occurs in the structure of the detected sheet 10 is further shortened. Then, it is possible to more quickly notify the periphery of the detected sheet 10 that there is a possibility that the structure of the window 102 may be abnormal due to the occurrence of an abnormality in the structure of the detected sheet 10. Become.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the effects listed below can be obtained.
(1) When the resistance value difference between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. When it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, it is not necessary to generate vibration in the window 102, and the shape and thickness of the window 102 are not easily restricted. As a result, it is possible to detect with high versatility that there may be an abnormality in the structure of the window 102.

  (2) Since it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A based on the resistance value difference between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B being equal to or greater than the threshold value, the structure of the window 102 is abnormal. It is possible to quickly determine that the occurrence of the

  (3) The application of voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is stopped in accordance with the determination that there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the window 102. Therefore, it is possible to accelerate the timing of presenting information as compared to a mode in which a voltage for driving is separately applied to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, thereby displaying a message.

The first embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications.
[Electrical characteristics]
-Each detection part 14 and 15 and the detection process part 18 change the electrical characteristic value which changes according to the change of the resistance value of an object electrode, the voltage value of the detection terminal in 12 A of 1st transparent electrodes, and 2nd The difference from the voltage value of the detection terminal in the transparent electrode 12B is also possible.

  At this time, in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, the dimming processing unit 17 applies a constant voltage to the input terminal and causes a constant current to flow from the input terminal to the detection terminal. When the difference between the voltage value detected by the first detection unit 14 and the voltage value detected by the second detection unit 15 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A The detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred.

  -Each detection part 14 and 15 and the detection process part 18 are the electric characteristic value which changes according to the change of the resistance value of an object electrode, the electric current value of the detection terminal in 12 A of 1st transparent electrodes, and 2nd The difference from the current value of the detection terminal in the transparent electrode 12B can also be used.

  At this time, in order to detect the occurrence of an abnormality in the structure of the target electrode, the dimming processing unit 17 applies a constant voltage between the input terminal and the detection terminal in each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. When the difference between the current value detected by the first detection unit 14 and the current value detected by the second detection unit 15 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A The detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred.

  The first detection unit 14 and the detection processing unit 18 change the electrical characteristic value that changes according to the change in the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A to the voltage value at the detection terminal of the first transparent electrode 12A. It is also possible to do. At this time, in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, the dimming processing unit 17 supplies a constant current from the input terminal to the detection terminal in the first transparent electrode 12A. Then, when the voltage value detected by the first detection unit 14 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, the detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A.

  -The 1st detection part 14 and the detection process part 18 change the electrical characteristic value which changes according to the change of the resistance value of 12 A of 1st transparent electrodes with the electric current value in the detection terminal of 12 A of 1st transparent electrodes. It is also possible to do. At this time, the dimming processing unit 17 applies a constant voltage between the input terminal and the detection terminal of the first transparent electrode 12A in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. To do. Then, when the current value detected by the first detection unit 14 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, the detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A.

[Detection voltage]
The light adjustment processing unit 17 applies a voltage to the input terminal of the first transparent electrode 12A in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. At this time, the voltage applied by the light control processing unit 17 may be a sheet driving voltage for driving the detected sheet 10. For example, when the light control processing unit 17 applies a sheet driving voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, each of the detection units 14 and 15 and the detection processing unit 18 includes the first transparent electrode 12A. And a difference value between the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment of the abnormality detection device will be described with reference to FIGS. Below, it demonstrates centering on difference with 1st Embodiment, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in addition to the substrate 11 facing the outside of the building, the first transparent electrode 12A, and the change layer 13, the abnormality detection device includes an abnormality occurrence portion A1 in the second transparent electrode 12B. Is formed, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the sheet 10 to be detected.

  As shown in FIG. 12A, in the example shown below, in the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the input terminal P1 and the detection terminal P2 are similar to the example shown in FIG. 9A. The abnormality occurrence part A1 is located at a position between which the outer shape of the long hole 30 becomes a character part bordered.

  As shown in FIG. 12B, in the first transparent electrode 12A, the voltage drop per unit length between the input terminal P1 and the detection terminal P2 is in the vicinity of the abnormality occurrence part A1. Bigger than the part. Further, the difference value “ΔVβ” between the voltage value “V1” of the input terminal P1 and the voltage value “V2β” of the detection terminal P2 is larger than the difference value before the abnormality occurs. Further, the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A obtained by dividing the difference value “ΔVβ” by the current value “I” is also larger than the resistance value before the abnormality occurs.

  As shown in FIG. 12C, in the second transparent electrode 12B, the voltage drop per unit length between the input terminal P1 and the detection terminal P2 is also in the vicinity of the abnormality occurrence portion A1. Is larger than the other parts. Further, the difference value “ΔVγ” between the voltage value “V1” of the input terminal P1 and the voltage value “V2γ” of the detection terminal P2 is larger than the difference value before the abnormality occurs. The resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B obtained by dividing the difference value “ΔVγ” by the current value “I” is also larger than the resistance value before the abnormality occurs.

  That is, when an abnormality occurs in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, and then an abnormality occurs in the structure of the second transparent electrode 12B, the resistance values of both the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B are set to the respective transparent electrodes 12A. , 12B are both higher than the initial value.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13A, the overall processing unit 16 separately monitors the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B separately as needed. For example, the overall processing unit 16 separately and separately monitors the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B during a period in which the sheet driving voltage is applied. And as shown in FIG.13 (b), the integrated process part 16 is a period when the variation | change_quantity from the initial value in resistance value of 12 A of 1st transparent electrodes is less than a predetermined threshold value, or 2nd transparent electrode During the period in which the amount of change in the resistance value of 12B from the initial value is less than the predetermined threshold, the sheet driving voltage is continuously applied to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. At this time, as shown in FIG. 13C, the change layer 13 of the sheet to be detected 10 maintains translucency, and the character portion bordered by the outer shape of the long hole 30 is not displayed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13A, the overall processing unit 16 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detected sheet 10 through the detection processing unit 18 in the following period. That is, the amount of change from the initial value in the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A is a predetermined period or more, and the amount of change from the initial value in the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B is the predetermined value. During a period that is equal to or greater than the threshold, the detection processing unit 18 performs the above determination. And as shown in FIG.13 (b), when the integrated process part 16 determines that abnormality has generate | occur | produced in the structure of the to-be-detected sheet 10, from the light control process part 17 with respect to a pair of transparent electrode 12A, 12B. Then, the application of the sheet driving voltage is stopped. At this time, as shown in FIG. 13C, the change layer 13 transitions from a translucent state to a non-translucent state, and the character portion bordered by the outer shape of the long hole 30 is a message. Is displayed.

  As described above, when an abnormality occurs in the structure of both the first transparent electrode 12A and the second transparent electrode 12B, an increase in the resistance value in each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is detected separately. It is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detection sheet 10. The process for determining that an abnormality has occurred based on the increase in resistance value in each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is not easily restricted by the shape or thickness of the window 102 to which the sheet to be detected 10 is applied, and its versatility is also provided. Easy to increase. The above-described resistance values can be monitored by the overall processing unit 16 having a period during which a detection voltage is separately applied to each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, and the overall processing unit 16 can monitor the period as needed. is there. Such a detection period is a short period in which driving of the detection sheet 10 by application of a detection voltage is invisible.

  In particular, when the increase in the resistance value in the first transparent electrode 12A and the increase in the resistance value in the second transparent electrode 12B occur together, an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detected sheet 10 for the first time. The detection processing unit 18 determines. There are various relative differences between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, such as differences in the degree of deterioration over time. In this regard, in the above-described configuration, the difference described above is compared with the configuration in which an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the sheet to be detected 10 based on the resistance value difference between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. It is possible to eliminate the error due to. As a result, it is possible to suppress erroneous determination caused by such errors.

  The detection processing unit 18 calculates, for example, a difference value between the resistance value at the previous detection time in the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value at the current detection time in the first transparent electrode 12A, You may monitor whether this difference value is more than a threshold value. In addition, the detection processing unit 18 calculates, for example, a difference value between the resistance value at the previous detection in the second transparent electrode 12B and the resistance value at the current detection in the second transparent electrode 12B, You may monitor whether this difference value is more than a threshold value. When the difference value of the first transparent electrode 12A is equal to or greater than the threshold value and the difference value of the second transparent electrode 12B is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it is detected that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detected sheet 10. The processing unit 18 determines.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(4) Based on the increase in resistance value from the initial value of each of the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, and consequently an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the window 102. It is determined that this may have occurred. Therefore, even when structural abnormality common to the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B occurs at almost the same timing in the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, there is a possibility that the abnormality of the structure of the window 102 may have occurred. It is possible to make an accurate determination.

The second embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications.
[Electrical characteristics]
-Each detection part 14 and 15 and the detection process part 18 change the electrical characteristic value which changes according to the change of the resistance value of each transparent electrode 12A and 12B with the voltage value in the detection terminal of each transparent electrode 12A and 12B. It is also possible to do. At this time, in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the dimming processing unit 17 applies a constant voltage to the input terminal of each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. , 12B, a constant current is passed from the input terminal to the detection terminal. Then, when the voltage values detected by the detection units 14 and 15 are both equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, the detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B.

  -Each detection part 14 and 15 and the detection process part 18 change the electrical characteristic value which changes according to the change of the resistance value of each transparent electrode 12A, 12B with the electric current value in the detection terminal of each transparent electrode 12A, 12B. It is also possible to do. At this time, the dimming processing unit 17 applies a constant voltage between the input terminal and the detection terminal of each transparent electrode 12A, 12B in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of each transparent electrode 12A, 12B. To do. Then, when the current values detected by the detection units 14 and 15 are both equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, the detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B.

[Detection voltage]
The dimming processing unit 17 separately applies voltages to the input terminals of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B in order to detect that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. At this time, the voltage applied by the light control processing unit 17 may be a sheet driving voltage for driving the detected sheet 10. For example, when the light control processing unit 17 applies a sheet driving voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, each of the detection units 14 and 15 and the detection processing unit 18 includes the first transparent electrode 12A. And the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B are monitored separately.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the anomaly detection device will be described with reference to FIGS. Below, it demonstrates centering on difference with 1st Embodiment, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the sheet to be detected 10 </ b> A includes a pair of substrates 11, a pair of transparent electrodes 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B, a change layer 13, detection units 14 and 15, and an overall processing unit 16. An alignment film 40 is further provided between 12A and 12B and the change layer 13.

The alignment film 40 is located on the electrode surface facing the change layer 13 in each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. For example, an organic compound such as polyimide, polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, silicon, and cyanide compound, SiO ₂ , ZrO _2, etc. It is comprised by these inorganic compounds or these mixtures. The alignment film 40 is a vertical alignment film, and aligns the liquid crystal molecules 13B so that the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 13B is perpendicular to the electrode surfaces of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B.

  As shown in FIG. 14, in a state where no voltage is applied from the light adjustment processing unit 17 to the pair of transparent electrodes 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B, the phase state of the liquid crystal is based on the function of the alignment film 40 described above. This is a so-called homeotropic phase in which the major axis direction is perpendicular to the electrode surfaces of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B.

  In the state in which the liquid crystal molecules 13B are aligned, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 13B and the refractive index of the polymer resin 13A are aligned, so that the light incident on the detection sheet 10A is not greatly bent in the traveling direction. The sheet 10A is in a transparent state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, the light incident on the detection sheet 10A is transmitted in the thickness direction of the detection sheet 10A, that is, the detection sheet 10A has translucency.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 16, in a state where a voltage for driving the liquid crystal molecules 13B is applied from the light control processing unit 17 to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the direction of the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 13B is The so-called focal conic phase becomes irregular depending on the polymer resin 13A located in the vicinity of the liquid crystal molecules 13B.

  Thus, in a state where the liquid crystal molecules 13B are not aligned, the light incident on the detected sheet 10A is diffused with its traveling direction greatly bent, that is, the detected sheet 10A becomes clouded. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, the light incident on the detected sheet 10A is scattered without being transmitted in the thickness direction of the detected sheet 10A. That is, the detected sheet 10A has a non-light-transmitting property.

Next, the operation of the abnormality detection device will be described below, particularly focusing on the message display function that utilizes the translucency of the change layer 13 when no sheet driving voltage is applied.
As shown in FIG. 18, the detected sheet 10A is superimposed on the window 102, and a message to be displayed (shown in the figure) is placed on the opposite side of the detected sheet 10A across the window 102. In the example, the display board 110 on which “SOS”) is described is located. The change layer 13 of the detection sheet 10A has translucency when no voltage is applied to drive the liquid crystal molecules 13B. Then, the message written on the display board 110 is visually recognized by a person located around the detected sheet 10A through the detected sheet 10A and the window 102. On the other hand, the change layer 13 of the sheet to be detected 10 </ b> A has non-translucency when a voltage for driving the liquid crystal molecules 13 </ b> B is applied. Then, the message written on the display board 110 is concealed by the detected sheet 10A.

  As shown in FIG. 19A, the overall processing unit 16 monitors the difference value between the resistance value of the first transparent electrode 12A and the resistance value of the second transparent electrode 12B as needed. Then, as shown in FIG. 19B, the overall processing unit 16 continues to apply a voltage from the dimming processing unit 17 to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B while the difference value is less than the predetermined threshold value. To do. At this time, as shown in FIG. 19C, the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10A is maintained in a non-translucent state, and the message written on the display board 110 is concealed by the detected sheet 10A. To be hidden.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 19A, the overall processing unit 16 detects that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A when the difference value reaches a predetermined threshold value or more. The determination is made through the unit 18. Then, as shown in FIG. 19B, when the overall processing unit 16 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, the dimming processing unit 17 sends a pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. In contrast, the application of the sheet driving voltage is stopped. At this time, as shown in FIG. 19 (c), the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10A changes to a translucent state, and the message 111 described on the display board 110 is passed through the detected sheet 10A. Is displayed.

  As described above, the detection processing unit 18 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detected sheet 10A based on the difference value when the abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. The determination of the occurrence of abnormality based on the difference in resistance value between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B is not easily restricted by the shape or thickness of the window 102 to which the sheet to be detected 10A is applied, and its versatility is easily improved. . The above-described difference in resistance value can be monitored by the overall processing unit 16 during which the detection voltage is separately applied to each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. is there. Such a detection period is a short period during which driving of the detection sheet 10A by application of a detection voltage is invisible.

  When the overall processing unit 16 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, the message 111 described on the display board 110 is immediately displayed by the translucency control in the change layer 13. To do. As a result, it is possible to promptly notify the periphery of the detected sheet 10A that an abnormality may have occurred in the structure of the window 102 due to the abnormality in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. Will come to be.

  In particular, the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10A is configured as a polymer network type liquid crystal having a PNLC structure. Therefore, when a voltage for driving the sheet is not applied, the liquid crystal molecules 13B are regularly aligned by the alignment film 40, whereby the detected sheet 10A exhibits translucency. On the other hand, when a sheet driving voltage is applied, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 13B becomes irregular depending on the polymer resin 13A located in the vicinity of the liquid crystal molecules 13B. Shows translucency. Therefore, in a normal time when waiting for detection that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, a voltage for driving the sheet is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B so that the change layer 13 does not transmit light. Showing gender. Then, including the message 111 written on the display board 110, it is possible to conceal the situation on the back side of the window 102 on which the sheet 10A to be detected is superimposed.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(5) The detected sheet 10A is configured as a so-called reverse type that exhibits translucency when a sheet driving voltage is not applied but exhibits non-translucency when a sheet driving voltage is applied. In this case, normally, a sheet driving voltage is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, and the change layer 13 is non-translucent, whereby the detected sheet 10A is overlapped. The situation on the back side is shielded by the detected sheet 10A. For example, it is possible to conceal the situation behind the window 102 from an intruder who enters for the purpose of theft or the like.

The third embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications.
[Electrical characteristics]
In the third embodiment, the electrical characteristic value in the first transparent electrode 12A and the electrical characteristic in the second transparent electrode 12B are the same as the electrical characteristic value in the second embodiment and its modification. Based on the values, it is also possible for the overall processing unit 16 to detect that an abnormality has occurred in these structures.

  As in the case of the electrical characteristic values in the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, there is an abnormality in these structures based on the voltage value in the first transparent electrode 12A or the current value in the first transparent electrode 12A. It is also possible for the overall processing unit 16 to detect that it has occurred.

(Fourth embodiment)
A fourth embodiment of the abnormality detection device will be described with reference to FIGS. Below, it demonstrates centering on difference with 1st Embodiment, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 20, each transparent electrode 12A, 12B is divided into a plurality of electrode portions in a direction along the electrode surface of each transparent electrode 12A, 12B. Each first electrode portion 12α corresponds to the background of a message to be displayed among the plurality of electrode portions. A first overall processing unit 16α and a first partial detection unit 114 are electrically connected to each first electrode portion 12α. Each second electrode portion 12β corresponds to a character portion of a message to be displayed among a plurality of portions. A second overall processing unit 16β and a second partial detection unit 115 are electrically connected to each second electrode portion 12β.

The first overall processing unit 16α includes a light control processing unit 17α and a detection processing unit 18α.
The light control processing unit 17α determines the mode of application of the voltage applied to the first electrode portion 12α. The dimming processing unit 17α applies a voltage based on the determined application mode to the first electrode portion 12α. The voltage value applied to the first electrode portion 12α is detected separately for each transparent electrode 12A, 12B by the first partial detector 114. In addition, the 1st partial detection part 114 is a location where a voltage is applied from the light control process part 17 (alpha) in the direction along the electrode surface of the said 1st electrode part 12 (alpha) among each 1st electrode part 12 (alpha). The voltage value at the opposite point is detected.

  The detection processing unit 18α uses the voltage value applied from the dimming processing unit 17α to the first electrode portion 12α and the voltage value detected by the first partial detection unit 114, so that the detection processing unit 18α The resistance value of one electrode portion 12α is calculated. And the detection process part 18 (alpha) monitors the resistance value difference between 1st electrode part 12 (alpha) in a pair of transparent electrode 12A, 12B. The detection processing unit 18α determines that a structural abnormality has occurred in the first electrode portion 12α of the transparent electrode having a relatively high resistance value when the resistance value difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. In addition, when the first overall processing unit 16α determines that a structural abnormality has occurred in the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, the first overall processing unit 16α performs the first electrode portion 12α in the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. Then, the application of the sheet driving voltage is stopped.

The second overall processing unit 16β includes a light control processing unit 17β.
The light control processing unit 17β determines the application mode with respect to the voltage applied to the second electrode portion 12β. The voltage value applied to the second electrode portion 12β is detected by the second partial detector 115 for each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. In addition, the location where the voltage is applied from the light control processing unit 17β is the first end in each character of the message to be displayed. Further, in each character, an end located directly opposite to the first end is a second end. The second partial detector 115 detects the voltage value at the second end of the second electrode portion 12β.

  As shown in FIG. 21A, the first overall processing unit 16α monitors a resistance value difference between the first electrode portions 12α in the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B as needed. The first overall processing unit 16α applies a sheet driving voltage from the dimming processing unit 17α to the pair of first electrode portions 12α when the resistance value difference is less than a predetermined threshold value. At this time, as shown in FIG. 21 (d), a portion of the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10B that is sandwiched between the pair of first electrode portions 12α and that is the background of the character portion is the background portion. , Non-translucent.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21C, when the second overall processing unit 16β has a resistance value difference between the first electrode portions 12α of the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B that is less than a predetermined threshold value, A voltage for driving the sheet is applied from the light adjustment processing unit 17 to the pair of second electrode portions 12β. At this time, as shown in FIG.21 (e), the character part pinched | interposed by a pair of 2nd electrode part 12 (beta) among the change layers 13 of the to-be-detected sheet | seat 10B has translucency. As described above, when both the character portion and the background portion are non-translucent, both are buried in a non-transparent color, and the message to be displayed is not displayed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21A, the first integrated processing unit 16α is configured to detect the detected sheet when the resistance value difference between the pair of first electrode portions 12α reaches a predetermined threshold value or more. It is determined through the detection processing unit 18 that an abnormality has occurred in the structure 10B.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 21B, when the first overall processing unit 16α determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the sheet to be detected 10B, the first electrode from the dimming processing unit 17α. Application of the sheet driving voltage to the portion 12α is stopped. At this time, as shown in FIG. 21 (d), a portion of the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10B that is sandwiched between the pair of first electrode portions 12α and that is the background of the character portion is a background portion. , Has translucency.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21 (c), even if the second overall processing unit 16β determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the detected sheet 10B, each of the second dimming processing units 17β A sheet driving voltage is continuously applied to the electrode portion 12β. At this time, as shown in FIG.21 (e), the character part pinched | interposed into a pair of 2nd electrode part 12 (beta) among the change layers 13 of the to-be-detected sheet | seat 10B has non-translucency. Then, in a state where the translucency is different between the background portion and the character portion, the character portion in the message stands out with a non-transparent color.

  Thus, when a structural abnormality occurs in a part of the first transparent electrode 12A, the detected sheet 10B determines the occurrence of the abnormality by detecting an increase in the resistance value difference. The process for determining that an abnormality has occurred based on the change in resistance value difference is not easily restricted by the shape or thickness of the window 102 to which the sheet to be detected 10B is applied, and its versatility is easily improved.

  When the abnormality detection device determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A, it selectively changes the translucency of the background portion of the change layer 13 and immediately displays the message. Do. As a result, it is possible to promptly notify the periphery of the detected sheet 10B that an abnormality may have occurred in the structure of the window 102 due to an abnormality in the structure of the first transparent electrode 12A. Is done.

  In particular, in the detected sheet 10B, each transparent electrode 12A, 12B is divided into a first electrode portion 12α and a second electrode portion 12β, and each electrode portion 12α, 12β is divided into a character portion and a background portion. It corresponds. And in the normal time which waits for the detection that abnormality has occurred in the structure of the sheet 10B to be detected, both the character part and the background part show non-translucency. As a result, both of them are buried as a common non-transparent color, and it is possible to conceal the situation on the back side of the window 102 on which the detection sheet 10B is superimposed, including the message.

  In addition, when an abnormality occurs in the structure of the detected sheet 10B, the character portion of the change layer 13 is selectively non-translucent. As a result, the character portion of the message becomes an opaque color and stands out with respect to the background portion, and the display of the message using the partial non-translucency of the change layer 13 is realized. Further, when displaying such a message, the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10 </ b> B has not only a function of appropriately concealing the situation on the back side of the window 102 but also a function of displaying a message. Therefore, compared with the case where dedicated parts for displaying a message are stacked, the sheet 10B to be detected can be made thinner.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(6) When an abnormality occurs in the structure of the sheet 10B to be detected, a portion of the change layer 13 sandwiched between the first electrode portions 12α exhibits translucency, while the second electrode portion 12β The sandwiched portion is non-translucent. Thereby, it is possible to perform character display by the second electrode portion 12β. In addition, since the change layer 13 of the detected sheet 10B is also used as a part for displaying a message, it can contribute to a reduction in the thickness of the detected sheet 10B as compared with the third embodiment.

The fourth embodiment can be implemented with the following modifications.
[Electrode part]
The abnormality detection device of the fourth embodiment includes the second electrode portion 12β as a character portion, and stops applying voltage to the second electrode portion 12β when an abnormality occurs in the structure of the detected sheet 10B. It is also possible to display a message.

  The change layer 13 in the fourth embodiment may be of a type that exhibits non-translucency when a sheet driving voltage is not applied, but exhibits translucency when a sheet driving voltage is applied. is there. At this time, the first overall processing unit 16α and the second overall processing unit 16β of the fourth embodiment are configured to apply a voltage to the first electrode portion 12α when an abnormality occurs in the structure of the detected sheet 10B. Is stopped, or the application of voltage to the second electrode portion 12β is stopped.

  -The division | segmentation number of each transparent electrode 12A, 12B in the said 4th Embodiment may be three or more. In addition, the number of divisions of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B in the fourth embodiment may be different between the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B, for example, the number of divisions of the second transparent electrode 12B. 1 may be used, and the second transparent electrode 12B may not be divided.

[Electrical characteristics]
Similar to the electrical characteristic values in the modification of the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment is based on the electrical characteristic values in the first transparent electrode 12A and the electrical characteristic values in the second transparent electrode 12B. The overall processing unit 16 can also detect that an abnormality has occurred in these structures.

  As in the case of the electrical characteristic values in the first embodiment, in the fourth embodiment, these structures are abnormal based on the voltage value in the first transparent electrode 12A or the current value in the first transparent electrode 12A. It is also possible for the first overall processing unit 16α and the second overall processing unit 16β to detect the occurrence.

(Other embodiments)
In addition, each said embodiment can also be implemented with the following forms.
In each of the embodiments described above, the overall processing units 16, 16α, and 16β are applied to the pair of transparent electrodes 12A and 12B regardless of whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the structures of the detected sheets 10, 10A, and 10B. It is also possible to continue applying the voltage. Even in this configuration, when the resistance value in each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B sufficiently increases as the structural abnormality in the detected sheets 10, 10A and 10B progresses, each of the transparent electrodes 12A and 12B. The voltage value changes in a part of the change, and the translucency of the change layer 13 changes from the time of voltage application.

  In each of the above embodiments, the change layer 13 of the sheets to be detected 10, 10A, 10B may have a PDLC (Polymer Stabilized Cholesteric Texture) structure in which liquid crystal molecules are dispersed in a polymer to form a liquid crystal layer. Alternatively, the liquid crystal layer may be configured by dispersing liquid crystal molecules in a solvent that does not contain a polymer, or the change layer may be configured not to include liquid crystal molecules. In short, any structure can be used as the change layer 13 of the sheets to be detected 10, 10A, 10B as long as the translucency is switched according to the magnitude of the applied voltage.

  10, 10A, 10B ... detected sheet, 11 ... substrate, 11A ... first surface, 11B ... second surface, 12A ... first transparent electrode, 12B ... second transparent electrode, 13 ... change layer, 13A ... high Molecular resin, 13B ... Liquid crystal molecule, 14 ... First detection unit, 15 ... Second detection unit, 16 ... Light control processing unit 17 ... Sheet drive unit, 18 ... Determination unit, 30 ... Long hole, 40 ... Alignment film DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Wall part 101 ... Opening part 102 ... Window 110 ... Display board 111 ... Message, A, A1 ... Abnormal part.

Claims (7)

A pair of transparent electrodes, and a change layer that is positioned between the pair of transparent electrodes and that changes light transmittance according to a change in voltage applied by the sheet driving unit to the pair of transparent electrodes. A detected sheet attached to an object;
At least one of the pair of transparent electrodes is a target electrode, and is an electrical characteristic value that changes in accordance with a change in resistance value of the target electrode, and detects the electrical characteristic value in the transparent electrode including the target electrode A detector to perform,
When the electrical characteristic value detected by the detection unit is a normal value, it is determined that the structure of the target electrode is normal, and the electrical characteristic value detected by the detection unit is not a normal value And a determination unit that determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode. The abnormality detection device according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects the electrical characteristic value when the voltage is applied from the sheet driving unit to the pair of transparent electrodes. The seat drive unit further includes
The sheet driving unit is when the voltage is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes, and when the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, The abnormality detection device according to claim 2, wherein the application of the voltage to the pair of transparent electrodes is stopped. The target electrode is one of the transparent electrodes,
The detection unit detects the voltage value in each transparent electrode separately,
The determination unit has a normal structure of the target electrode based on a comparison between the voltage value of the one transparent electrode detected by the detection unit and the voltage value of the other transparent electrode detected by the detection unit. The abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a determination is made as to whether or not. The electrical property value is an electrical property value at the target electrode,
The detection unit detects the electrical characteristic value in the target electrode,
The determination unit determines whether or not the structure of the target electrode having the electrical characteristic value is normal based on the electrical characteristic value of the target electrode detected by the detection unit. 4. The abnormality detection device according to any one of 3. An alignment film for aligning the direction of the major axis of the liquid crystal molecules on the electrode surface of each transparent electrode;
The change layer is a polymer network type liquid crystal in which liquid crystal molecules are arranged in voids of a polymer resin formed in a three-dimensional network, and has a translucency when no voltage is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes. On the other hand, the abnormality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which exhibits non-translucency when a voltage is applied to the pair of transparent electrodes. The seat drive unit further includes
The electrode surface of each transparent electrode includes a first electrode portion and a second electrode portion,
The second electrode portion includes a portion that presents information toward the outside of the abnormality detection device,
The seat driving unit
When the determination unit determines that the structure of the target electrode is normal, the change layer sandwiched between the first electrode portions and the change layer sandwiched between the second electrode portions, Setting the voltage at the first electrode portion and the voltage at the second electrode portion so as to show equal transmittance to each other;
When the determination unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in the structure of the target electrode, the change layer sandwiched between the first electrode portions exhibits translucency. While setting a voltage, the voltage in the said 2nd electrode part is set so that the said change layer pinched | interposed into the said 2nd electrode part may show non-light-transmitting property. The abnormality detection device described in 1.