JP3184348U - Double glazing and double glazing systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a technique of double-glazed glass capable of improving weather resistance and protecting privacy.
A multi-layer glass 1 includes a liquid crystal film 11c for aligning liquid crystals according to the presence or absence of energization, a first glass material 11a having a laminated glass structure including the liquid crystal film 11c as an intermediate film, and a second glass material. 11b, and an intermediate layer hermetically sealed is formed integrally between the first glass material 11a and the second glass material 11b.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to double glazing and double glazing systems.

  There is known a functional liquid crystal film in which liquid crystals are aligned according to the presence or absence of energization, and the aligned liquid crystals are in a transmission state / light-shielding state. By applying such a functional liquid crystal film to glass or the like and applying a predetermined power source between a pair of electrodes that are electrically connected to the adhered functional liquid crystal film, the functional liquid crystal film functions according to the ON / OFF state of the applied power source. It is possible to control the permeability of glass or the like with a transparent liquid crystal film attached thereto. Glass with a functional liquid crystal film attached is, for example, in a transparent state when a predetermined power is applied (when the power is turned on) and in a milky white light-shielded state when no power is applied (when the power is turned off). It becomes possible.

  In offices, showrooms, etc., for example, by attaching a functional liquid crystal film on the inner surface side (indoor side) of glass that has already been installed, and energizing between a pair of electrodes that are electrically connected to the functional liquid crystal film, Depending on the presence or absence, a transmissive state / light-shielding state can be obtained.

Functional LCD film, [March 29, 2013 search], Internet <URL: HYPERLINK "https://www.tanyo-style.com/products/index.html" https: //www.tanyo-style. com / products / index.html>

  In the above-described embodiment, for example, when applied to a residential environment such as a condominium where the user conducts daily life, it becomes a problem to deal with condensation or the like generated on the indoor surface of the glass to which the functional liquid crystal film is attached.

  For example, a housing environment such as a condominium has a certain airtight structure due to noise countermeasures and the like. For this reason, it can be said that in the indoor surface of the glass to which the functional liquid crystal film is attached, the outer surface of which is in contact with the outside air, it is easy to cause condensation due to the temperature difference and humidity difference between the outside air side and the indoor side.

  When condensation occurs, there is a possibility that the life of the functional liquid crystal film attached to the glass may deteriorate. In addition, due to condensation, there is a possibility that the transparency and light shielding properties may deteriorate due to dirt or the like adhering to the surface (interior surface) of the functional liquid crystal film.

  In one aspect, the present invention aims to provide a technology of double-glazed glass capable of improving weather resistance and protecting privacy.

  The above technique is exemplified by the construction of the following double glazing. That is, the multi-layer glass has a liquid crystal film that aligns liquid crystals according to the presence or absence of energization, a first glass material having a laminated glass structure that includes the liquid crystal film as an intermediate film, and a second glass material. A sealed intermediate layer is integrally formed between the first glass material and the second glass material.

  According to said multilayer glass, the technique of the multilayer glass which can protect a privacy while improving a weather resistance can be provided.

It is a figure which illustrates the composition of the double glazing system of this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the installation position of a composite sensor. It is a figure which illustrates the composition of the double glazing of this embodiment. It is an illustration of the exploded view of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment. It is illustration of sectional drawing of the functional liquid crystal film of this embodiment. It is an illustration of the graph of the total light transmittance characteristic of the functional liquid crystal film of this embodiment. It is a result of the durability test of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment. It is a result of the durability test of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment. It is a result of the durability test of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment. It is a result of the durability test of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment. It is a result of the durability test of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment. It is a result of the durability test of the laminated glass unit of this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a multilayer glass system according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The configuration of the following embodiment is an exemplification, and the multilayer glass system is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment.

Hereinafter, a multilayer glass system will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS.
<Example 1>
[Multi-layer glass system]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a multilayer glass system 10 of the present embodiment. The multilayer glass system 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 is a configuration example in which a plurality of resident households such as apartments are installed in an adjacent housing complex. The double glazing system 10 of the present embodiment includes, for example, a sliding window installed facing the passage side based on a detection signal from a human sensor provided in a passage that is a shared section of an apartment, etc. Controls the transmission / shading state of a FIX window (so-called "fitting", a window that is locked in place and does not move). Moreover, the double glazing system 10 of this embodiment is based on the detection signal of the illumination sensor etc. which were provided outdoors (outside the condominium room), such as a shared section, for example, transmission / light-shielding of the lighting window to an apartment room Control the state.

  A multilayer glass system 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a multilayer glass 1, a composite sensor 2, and a rectifier 3. The multi-layer glass 1 includes, for example, a functional liquid crystal film in which liquid crystals are aligned according to the presence or absence of energization and are in a transmissive state / light-shielded state by the aligned liquid crystals. The functional liquid crystal film has a pair of electrodes that are electrically connected to the functional liquid crystal film. Details of the multilayer glass 1 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The composite sensor 2 is a sensor that detects a plurality of different environmental states in a target region. For example, the composite sensor 2 in the figure includes a human sensor and an illuminance sensor. The human sensor of the composite sensor 2 detects the location of a human or the like in a predetermined area using, for example, infrared rays, ultrasonic waves, visible light, or the like. Further, the illuminance sensor of the composite sensor 2 detects the brightness (illuminance) of a predetermined area to be detected by, for example, a phototransistor, a photodiode, or the like.

The composite sensor 2 illustrated in FIG. 1 is installed on a ceiling surface 5 of a passage area that is a shared section of an apartment or the like. The composite sensor 2 is connected to a predetermined power source P (for example, 100 VAC) via the wiring W1. The passage region is a region between the lower wall surface 7a continuous with the window provided with the laminated glass 1 and the handrail 4 facing the lower wall surface 7a. The lower wall surface 7a and the handrail 4 are continuous with the passage floor surface 6. . The composite sensor 2 provided on the ceiling surface 5 in the passage area is located at a rough center of the passage width between the lower wall surface 7 a and the handrail 4, and the sensor detection surface of the composite sensor 2 is a passage facing the ceiling surface 5. Directed to the floor 6.

  FIG. 2 illustrates an explanatory view of the installation position of the composite sensor 2 when viewed from the handrail 4 side in the direction of the lower wall surface 7a facing the handrail 4. In FIG. 2, the composite sensor 2 provided on the ceiling surface 5 is installed so as to be positioned at the rough center of the window width provided with the multilayer glass 1.

  The composite sensor 2 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a detection range of a substantially conical region of about 65 degrees with the sensor detection surface of the composite sensor as an apex. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the composite sensor 2 forms a circular detection range of about φ2.5 m at a distance of about 2 m vertically downward from the ceiling surface 5 in the passage width direction. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the composite sensor 2 has a circular detection range having a width of about 5 m centering on the installation position of the composite sensor 2 on the passage floor surface 6 in a direction parallel to the glass surface of the multilayer glass 1. Form. 1 and 2, the ceiling surface 5 and the passage floor surface 6 have a separation distance of about 3 m.

  The composite sensor 2 detects, for example, a passerby A who passes through a range of about φ2.5 m centering on a vertically lower position of the installation position of the composite sensor 2. The composite sensor 2 that detects the passerby A outputs, for example, a binary detection signal of “ON state” and “OFF state” depending on whether or not a passerby is detected. For example, the composite sensor 2 outputs an “ON state” detection signal when the passer-by A is detected, and outputs an “OFF state” detection signal when the passer-by A is not detected. Note that an “OFF state” detection signal may be output when the passer-by A is detected, and an “ON state” detection signal may be output when the passer-by A is not detected. The binary detection signal output from the composite sensor 2 is input to the input terminal 3a of the rectifier 3 via the wiring W3.

  For example, the composite sensor 2 detects illuminance in a range of about 5 m wide on the passage floor surface 6 facing the ceiling surface 5 with the vertical position below the installation position of the composite sensor 2 as the center. The composite sensor 2 that has detected the illuminance of the passage floor 6 outputs a dimming signal, for example, according to the detected illuminance of the passage floor 6.

  Examples of the dimming signal output from the composite sensor 2 include a dimming signal that outputs a multilevel voltage level according to the detected illuminance. When outputting a voltage level, assuming that the maximum output voltage is Vmax and the minimum output voltage is Vmin, for example, Vmax (V), 0.7 × Vmax (V), 0 For example, it is possible to output multi-level voltage levels such as .5 × Vmax (V), 0.25 × Vmax (V), and Vmin (V). The same applies to the dimming signal output from the composite sensor 2, for example, when a multi-level current level is output according to the detected illuminance.

  Examples of the dimming signal output from the composite sensor 2 include a dimming signal that is output with the voltage level varied in proportion to the detected illuminance. For example, the maximum detected illuminance corresponding to the maximum output voltage Vmax and the minimum detected illuminance corresponding to the minimum output voltage Vmin are adjusted in advance, and in proportion to the illuminance detected between the maximum detected illuminance and the minimum detected illuminance, What is necessary is just to vary and output the voltage level between the maximum output voltage Vmax-minimum output voltage Vmin. The same applies to the dimming signal output from the composite sensor 2, for example, when a multi-level current level is output according to the detected illuminance.

The dimming signal output from the composite sensor 2 is input to the input terminal 3a of the rectifying device 3 through the wiring W3 in the same manner as the binary detection signal. Here, for example, the composite sensor 2 outputs a “OFF state” signal when the passer A is detected, and is output when the passer A is not detected.
Instead of “ON state”, a dimming signal corresponding to the illuminance may be output. Similarly, the composite sensor 2 outputs a “ON state” signal when the passer-by A is detected, and the passer-by A Instead of the “OFF state” that is output when no detection is made, a dimming signal corresponding to the illuminance may be output.

  The rectifier 3 is an interface between the composite sensor 2 and a functional liquid crystal film included in the multilayer glass 1. The rectifier 3 outputs a control signal corresponding to the detection signal and dimming signal of the composite sensor 2 input to the input terminal 3a via the wiring 2 to the output terminal 3b.

  The control signal output of the rectifier 3 output to the output terminal 3 b is input to the pair of electrodes of the functional liquid crystal film of the multilayer glass 1 through the wiring 3. The pair of electrodes to which the control signal output of the rectifying device 3 is input are electrically connected to the functional liquid crystal film.

  The functional liquid crystal film included in the multilayer glass 1 aligns the liquid crystal according to the control signal. For example, when the passerby A is detected, the functional liquid crystal film is in a milky white light-shielding state. On the other hand, when the passerby A is not detected, the functional liquid crystal film included in the multilayer glass 1 aligns the liquid crystal according to the control signal, and according to the illuminance of the passage floor surface 6 detected by the composite sensor 2, The degree of the light shielding state is changed.

  The degree of change in the light-shielding state is, for example, about 92 percent haze in the light-shielding state when the passer-by A is detected, as shown by the haze of turbidity (cloudiness), which is an index related to transparency of a film or the like. Become. On the other hand, about 5 percent haze can be secured in the transparent state when the passerby A is not detected. Therefore, in the case where the degree of the light shielding state is changed according to the illuminance of the passage floor surface 6 detected by the composite sensor 2, the transmission state / light shielding state can be controlled in the range of 5 to 92 percent haze.

  Thus, in the double glazing system 10 of the present embodiment, for example, it is possible to detect a passerby passing through a passage that is a shared section of an apartment or the like, and to secure a light shielding state of about 92% haze. For this reason, privacy of indoor residents etc. can be protected.

  On the other hand, when a passerby is not detected, the multilayer glass system 10 of the present embodiment can control the transmission state / light-shielding state in a range of 5 to 92 percent haze according to the illuminance of the passage floor surface 6. For this reason, for example, when the sunlight is relatively strong, the amount of solar radiation entering the room can be reduced by increasing the turbidity of the functional liquid crystal film. That is, in the multilayer glass system 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to control the transmission state / light-shielding state according to the season, weather, and changes in the amount of sunlight per day.

  In the double glazing system 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to perform appropriate daylighting according to changes in season, weather, and amount of sunshine per day, while protecting the privacy of residents and the like.

  Although the multilayer glass system 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been described as including the composite sensor 2 including a human sensor and an illuminance sensor, the human sensor and the illuminance sensor may be provided independently of each other. Moreover, it is good also as a structure only of a human sensitive sensor in the point of the privacy protection from the passerby who passes the channel | path which is shared areas, such as an apartment.

Furthermore, although the installation position of the composite sensor 2 is the ceiling surface 5, for example, the composite sensor 2 may be installed on the lower wall surface 7a, the handrail 4, and the like. When the composite sensor is installed on the lower wall surface 7a, the sensor surface is directed to the opposite handrail 4 side. When the composite sensor is installed to the handrail 4, the sensor surface is directed to the opposed lower wall surface 7a side, thereby A passerby can be detected. In addition, the composite sensor 2 detects the illuminance of the passage floor surface 6, but may detect the illuminance of the wall surface around the window provided with the multilayer glass 1, for example.

[Multilayer glass]
In FIG. 3, the block diagram of the multilayer glass 1 of this embodiment is illustrated. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-layer glass 1 illustrated in FIG. 1, for example, showing a use form in a FIX window installed facing a passage side of an apartment or the like. Yes. In addition, in the following description, although the window installation form of the multilayer glass 1 is demonstrated as a FIX window, the installation form with a sliding window may be sufficient, for example.

  The multilayer glass 1 illustrated in FIG. 3 is an example of a structure in which a spacer 16 is inserted between two glass materials (11, 12) and the hollow layer 13 is sealed. The multilayer glass 1 includes two glass materials (11, 12) and a spacer 16 and is integrally formed. The width of the hollow layer 13 formed between the two glass materials (11, 12) is determined by, for example, a spacer 16 such as aluminum or steel inserted between the end portions of each glass material.

  In the multilayer glass 1 illustrated in FIG. 3, the hollow layer 13 formed in the two glass materials (11, 12) is filled with, for example, dry air. Further, in order to maintain the dry state of the dry air filled in the hollow layer 13, the spacer 16 contains a hygroscopic agent (drying agent) such as zeolite or silica gel. The spacers 16 and the two glass materials (11, 12) in which the hollow layer 13 is filled with dry air are sealed with a caulking material 15. Thus, the double-glazed glass 1 enhances the heat insulating property and enhances the effect of preventing condensation by maintaining the dry state of the dry air filled in the hollow layer 13. The hollow layer 13 may be filled with, for example, helium gas, krypton gas, or the like. The sound insulation of the multi-layer glass 1 can be improved.

  The multi-layer glass 1 illustrated in FIG. 3 is fixed by being fitted into a pair of substantially U-shaped upper frame 18a and lower frame 18b that are opposed to each other in the vertical direction. The multilayer glass 1 is installed and fixed on the setting block 14 provided in the lower frame 18b. A sealing material 17 is filled between the multilayer glass 1 fitted in the upper frame 18a and the lower frame 18b and the upper frame 18a and the lower frame 18b.

  Further, the upper frame 18b is provided with a through hole 18c through which the wiring W3 connected to the pair of electrodes included in the functional liquid crystal film included in the multilayer glass 1 is inserted. The wiring W3 connected to the pair of electrodes of the functional liquid crystal film is connected to the output terminal 3b of the rectifying device 3 through the through hole 18c.

  The multilayer glass 1 of this embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 has a laminated glass unit 11 including a functional liquid crystal film as a glass material arranged on the indoor side among a plurality of glass materials constituting the multilayer glass 1. . The laminated glass unit 11 has a laminated glass structure in which a functional liquid crystal film 11c is inserted between a pair of opposing glass materials 11a and 11b.

  In FIG. 4, the exploded view of the laminated glass unit 11 of this embodiment is illustrated. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the functional liquid crystal film 11c inserted between the pair of glass materials 11a and 11b is bonded to each glass material by laminating an intermediate film 11d. The laminated glass unit 11 of this embodiment is laminated | stacked in order of the glass material 11a, the intermediate film 11d, the functional liquid crystal film 11c, the intermediate film 11d, and the glass material 11b. Here, examples of the intermediate film 11d include a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as an ethylene butyl acetate (EVA) film. The laminated glass unit 11 can improve impact resistance and the like by using an EVA film as the intermediate film 11d.

The laminated glass unit 11 is provided with a laminated structure of an intermediate film 11d and a functional liquid crystal film 11c between a pair of opposing glass materials 11a and 11b, thereby attenuating vibrations transmitted through the glass surface, for example. Therefore, sound insulation can be improved. Moreover, since the laminated glass unit 11 can improve the penetration resistance because the applied impact is buffered by the functional film inserted between the glass materials even if the glass materials are impacted and broken, the crime prevention Can increase the sex.

  In the laminated glass unit 11 illustrated in FIG. 4, the functional liquid crystal film 11 c to be inserted is described as a single layer, but a plurality of functional liquid crystal films 11 c may be provided. For example, when the functional liquid crystal film 11c has two layers, the laminated glass unit 11 includes a glass material 11a, an intermediate film 11d, a first functional liquid crystal film 11c, a second functional liquid crystal film 11c, an intermediate film 11d, The glass material 11b may be laminated in this order. By increasing the use layer of the functional liquid crystal film 11c, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass unit 11 can be enhanced, and the crime prevention property can be further enhanced.

  Returning to FIG. 3, the double-glazed glass 1 having the laminated glass unit 11 of the present embodiment can enhance the heat insulating properties as a double-glazed glass and the effect of preventing condensation, as well as the sound insulation and crime prevention. The laminated glass unit 11 including the functional liquid crystal film 11c has a laminated glass structure in which the functional liquid crystal film 11c is inserted between a pair of opposing glass materials 11a and 11b. For this reason, the condensation which arises in environmental conditions, such as the temperature difference of the outdoor side and the indoor side, and a humidity difference, does not adhere directly to the surface of the functional liquid crystal film 11c. Further, in the laminated glass unit 11, dirt such as dust and dust due to condensation does not occur on the surface of the functional liquid crystal film 11c. For this reason, there is no possibility that the transparency and light shielding properties included in the laminated glass unit 11 will deteriorate.

  Moreover, in the multilayer glass 1 of this embodiment, the glass material which faced the channel | path side among the several glass materials which comprise the multilayer glass 1 is, for example in FIG. Can have. The netted glass 12 is a fireproof glass material having heat resistance. For example, when a fire occurs in an apartment or the like using the multi-layer glass 1, it is possible to block the flame. Moreover, since the glass piece 12 is supported by a wire mesh or the like even if the glass material is broken, the mesh-containing glass 12 is not easily destroyed and can improve crime prevention. In addition, as a glass material which faces the channel | path side combined with the laminated glass unit 11 as the multilayer glass 1, a tempered glass material, a crystallized glass material, etc. can be illustrated, for example. Fire resistance can be expected in the same manner as the netted glass 12.

[Functional liquid crystal film]
FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the functional liquid crystal film 11c. The functional liquid crystal film 11c illustrated in FIG. 5 includes a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) 110 which is a transparent PET film, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) 112 which is a transparent conductive film (indium tin oxide), and a PDLC which is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal. (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) 111. The functional liquid crystal film 11c illustrated in FIG. 5 has a five-layer structure including a transparent conductive film (ITO112) made of indium tin oxide between a transparent PET film (PET110) and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC111). It has a laminated structure. Here, the transparent PET film (PET110) is a coating base made of a transparent conductive film (ITO112) made of indium tin oxide, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC111) was formed between the transparent PET film. By energizing through the transparent conductive film, the liquid crystal can be aligned.

  In the functional liquid crystal film 11c illustrated in FIG. 5, the thickness of the PET 110 is about 188 μm, the thickness of the ITO 112 is 20 to 30 mm, and the thickness of the PDLC 111 is about 20 μm. The thickness of the functional liquid crystal film 11c is 396 μm ± 15 μm.

  In addition, the measured haze value of the transparent PET film (PET110) by the measuring method of JIS K-7105 is 0.9 percent, and the measured total transmittance value is 92.3 percent. Further, the transparent PET film (PET110) satisfies the VTM-2 grade as a flame retardant grade defined by the UL standard (UL94).

  FIG. 6 illustrates a graph of the total light transmittance characteristic of the functional liquid crystal film 11c. The graph illustrated in FIG. 6 is a graph example showing the relationship with the total light transmittance corresponding to the applied voltage applied when the functional liquid crystal film 11c is energized. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the total light transmittance (%), and the horizontal axis represents the AC voltage value (VAC) applied during energization. In the graph illustrated in FIG. 6, it can be seen that the total light transmittance continuously changes in the range of about 2 to 82%. In addition, it can be seen that the total light transmittance is continuously linearly changed in proportion to the applied voltage in the range of applied voltage of 6 to 16 VAC. It can also be seen that the total light transmittance reaches a saturation state around about 26 VAC.

[Weather resistance of laminated glass unit]
About the laminated glass unit 11 of this embodiment, in order to confirm a weather resistance, five types of durability tests were implemented based on the conditions shown below.

(1) Laminated glass unit for test In the configuration illustrated in FIG. 4, the pair of glass materials 11a and 11b is float glass (thickness: 3 mm), and float glass (glass material 11a), EVA intermediate film (intermediate film 11d) The functional liquid crystal film 11c, the EVA intermediate film (intermediate film 11d), and the float glass (glass material 11b) were laminated to form a test piece of the laminated glass unit. The size of the test piece was 100 mm × 100 mm. Three test pieces were prepared for each test type, and the measured values measured for each test piece were averaged to obtain the test result value of the target durability test.

(2) Test conditions and equipment used Five types of durability tests were performed under the conditions shown below. In addition, the light stability test and electrical durability test with respect to the test piece were implemented in the room temperature state. In addition, as an operation confirmation test for the test piece, a switch switching test of the switch cycle (off time (2 seconds), on time (2 seconds) (duty ratio: 50%)), and on-time output (110 VAC, 60 Hz) is performed. did.
A. High temperature and high humidity test (IEC60068-2-3)
・ High humidity test tank: TH-ME-065, manufactured by Geotech ・ Test conditions: 60 ° C./temperature, 95% RH / humidity, 60 days (1440 hr) / measurement time High temperature test (IEC60068-2-2)
・ Convection oven for high temperature test: manufactured by Hanbuck ・ Test conditions: 40 ° C./temperature, 60 days (1440 hr) / measurement time
60 ° C./temperature, 120 days (2880 hr) / measurement time Low temperature test (IEC60068-2-1)
-Low temperature bath: manufactured by Hanbuck-Test conditions: -20 ° C / temperature, 60 days (1440 hr) / measurement time d. Light stability test (JISK, 7350-3 Exposure test method with laboratory light source, UV fluorescent lamp)
-UVA, optical test tank with visible fluorescent lamp: made in-house-Test conditions: UVA wavelength, 300-400 nm, UV intensity, 5 mW / cm2, 60 days (1440 hr) / irradiation time e. Electrical durability test-Continuous energization: 110 VAC / output voltage, 60 Hz / frequency, 300 days (7200 hr) / measurement time

(3) Verification and measurement In the process of the above-mentioned five types of durability tests, the following performance tests were conducted to periodically verify deterioration of various performances on the test pieces.
F. Appearance inspection: Visual inspection of the end of the test piece and delamination confirmation were performed.
G. Operation inspection: Switch cycle (off time (2 seconds), on time (2 seconds) (duty ratio: 50
%)), And on-off switch switching operation confirmation (operation inspection) was performed as on-time output (110 VAC, 60 Hz).
H. Optical property inspection: Optical properties were measured for total light transmittance (TR), haze (H), and color index (x, y).
-Instrument: Spectrometer with integrating sphere, CM-3500D, manufactured by Konica Minolta-Optical properties were measured after 1 hour exposure at room temperature.
The change in optical properties is calculated by the following formula 1.
[Formula 1]
Rate of change (Δ)% = {(final value−initial value) /
Initial value} × 100
The optical property change criteria are Δ (x, y) <2.0% for the color index, Δ (TR) <3.0% for the total light transmittance, and haze when off (Δ (Hoff)) <3. 0.0%.

(4) Evaluation Results The results of each durability test are illustrated in FIGS. 7A to 7F. FIG. 7A shows the results of no energization (FIG. 7A, a) according to the high temperature / high humidity test (IEC60068-2-3) and energization due to switching on / off (FIG. 7A, b). As illustrated in FIG. 7A, in the high temperature / high humidity test, the results of the appearance inspection and the operation inspection of the laminated glass unit 11 were good. Further, in the optical properties of the laminated glass unit 11 in the high temperature / high humidity test, the color index (Δ (x, y)), the total light transmittance (Δ (TR)), and the haze when off, both in the non-energized state and the energized state. With respect to (Δ (Hoff)), the optical property change reference value was below, no deterioration was observed, and no significant difference could be confirmed.

  FIG. 7B shows the results of no energization (FIG. 7B, a) by high temperature test (IEC60068-2-2) at 40 ° C. and energization by switching on / off (FIG. 7B, b). As illustrated in FIG. 7B, in the high temperature test at 40 ° C., the results of the appearance inspection and the operation inspection of the laminated glass unit 11 were good. Further, in the optical properties of the laminated glass unit 11 in a high-temperature test at 40 ° C., the color index (Δ (x, y)), the total light transmittance (Δ (TR)), and the haze when off, both in the non-energized state and the energized state. With respect to (Δ (Hoff)), the optical property change reference value was below, no deterioration was observed, and no significant difference could be confirmed.

  FIG. 7C shows the results of no energization (FIG. 7C, a) by the high temperature test (IEC60068-2-2) at 60 ° C. and energization by switching on / off (FIG. 7C, b). As illustrated in FIG. 7C, the results of the appearance inspection and the operation inspection of the laminated glass unit 11 were good even in the high-temperature test at 60 ° C. In addition, in the optical properties of the laminated glass unit 11 in a high temperature test at 60 ° C., the color index (Δ (x, y)), the total light transmittance (Δ (TR)), and the haze when off, both in the non-energized state and the energized state. With respect to (Δ (Hoff)), the optical property change reference value was below, no deterioration was observed, and no significant difference could be confirmed.

  FIG. 7D shows the results of no energization (FIG. 7D, a) by the low temperature test (IEC60068-2-1) at −20 ° C. and energization by switching on / off (FIG. 7D, b). As illustrated in FIG. 7D, in the low temperature test at −20 ° C., the results of the appearance inspection and the operation inspection of the laminated glass unit 11 were good. In addition, in the optical properties of the laminated glass unit 11 in the low temperature test of −20 ° C., the color index (Δ (x, y)), the total light transmittance (Δ (TR)), and the off state in both the non-energized state and the energized state. About haze ((DELTA) (Hoff)), it was less than the optical property change reference value, respectively, deterioration was not seen, and the significant difference was not able to be confirmed.

  FIG. 7E shows the light stability test (JISK, 7350-3 exposure test method using a laboratory light source, ultraviolet fluorescent lamp) without energization (FIG. 7E, a) and energization with switch on / off (FIG. 7E, b). It is a result. As illustrated in FIG. 7E, in the light stability test, the results of the appearance inspection and the operation inspection of the laminated glass unit 11 were good. Further, in the optical properties of the laminated glass unit 11 in the light stability test, the color index (Δ (x, y)), the total light transmittance (Δ (TR)), the off-time haze (both in the non-energized state and the energized state) Δ (Hoff)) was below the optical property change reference value, no deterioration was observed, and no significant difference could be confirmed.

  FIG. 7F shows the results of electrical durability test (7200 hours (300 days) continuous energization (110 VAC, 60 Hz) without energization (FIG. 7F, a) and energization with switch on / off (FIG. 7F, b). 7F, the results of the appearance inspection and the operation inspection of the laminated glass unit 11 were good in the electrical durability test, and the optical properties of the laminated glass unit 11 in the electrical durability test. In each of the non-energized state and the energized state, the color index (Δ (x, y)), total light transmittance (Δ (TR)), and off-time haze (Δ (Hoff)) are less than the optical property change reference values. There was no deterioration, and no significant difference could be confirmed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Multi-layer glass 2 Composite sensor 3 Rectifier 4 Handrail 5 Ceiling surface 6 Passage floor surface 7a Lower wall surface, 7b Upper wall surface 10 Multi-layer glass system 11 Laminated glass unit 11a, 11b Glass material, 11c Functional liquid crystal film, 11d Intermediate film 12 Glass with Glass 13 Intermediate Layer 14 Setting Block 15 Caulking Material 16 Spacer 17 Sealing Material 18a Lower Frame, 18b Upper Frame 110 Transparent PET Film 111 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC)
112 Transparent conductive film (ITO: indium tin oxide)
w1, w2, w3 wiring

Claims (5)

A liquid crystal film that orients the liquid crystal according to the presence or absence of electricity;
A first glass material having a laminated glass structure including the liquid crystal film as an intermediate film, and a second glass material;
An intermediate layer sealed between the first glass material and the second glass material is integrally formed;
Double layer glass.   The multi-layer glass according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal film continuously changes the alignment state of the liquid crystal during energization between a transmission state and a light shielding state according to a driving voltage. A liquid crystal film that is in a transmissive state when energized and a light-shielded state when not energized, a first glass material having a laminated glass structure that includes the liquid crystal film in an intermediate film, and a second glass material;
A multi-layer glass integrally forming a sealed intermediate layer between the first glass material and the second glass material;
Detecting means for detecting a change in the state of the target area,
The double glazing system is a double glazing system in which energization is performed according to a state change of a target region detected by the detection means.   The multilayer glass system according to claim 3, wherein the detection unit outputs a first energization state when a predetermined object existing in the target region is detected.   5. The multilayer glass system according to claim 4, wherein the detection unit outputs a second energization state in accordance with a change in illuminance of the target region in a period excluding the first energization state.

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