JP4914370B2 - 糖質検出用センサー - Google Patents
糖質検出用センサー Download PDFInfo
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- JP4914370B2 JP4914370B2 JP2007543805A JP2007543805A JP4914370B2 JP 4914370 B2 JP4914370 B2 JP 4914370B2 JP 2007543805 A JP2007543805 A JP 2007543805A JP 2007543805 A JP2007543805 A JP 2007543805A JP 4914370 B2 JP4914370 B2 JP 4914370B2
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- Prior art keywords
- carbohydrate
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
Description
・被検体類縁体部分の数
・レクチンに対する類縁体被検体部分の親和性(個々の結合能力)
・カルシウム濃度および
・被検体類縁体の柔軟性
アッセイ変性体は、たとえば、光学エネルギーを生成する蛍光での刺激時、被検体濃度に関連し得る測定可能な光信号を生成するのが好ましい。
第一光吸収材料で標識化された被検体結合剤と、
被検体類縁体部分を少なくとも1つ含む、第二光吸収材料で標識化された高分子と
を含み、
被検体結合剤は、高分子の被検体類縁体部分の少なくとも1つと結合し、前記高分子が前記被検体によって変位可能となる複合体を形成し、前記複合体は、光エネルギーを吸収することができ、該吸収された光エネルギーは、被検体によって複合体から置き換わる時に、それらの蛍光特性と比べて前記複合体中に存在する場合、光吸収材料の1つと、該光吸収材料の蛍光特性において結果として測定可能な変更を伴う光吸収材料との間で非放射的に移動することができ、アッセイの異なる変性体は、高分子中に存在する被検体類縁体部分の数によって識別される。
被検体結合剤はレクチンであるのが好ましい。用語「レクチン」は、免疫グロブリンの主要なクラスのいかなるものにも属さない、糖質代謝物に明らかに含まれない任意の糖質結合タンパク質を含む。レクチンは、糖質認識ドメイン(CRD)を介して糖質への選択的結合を示す。レクチンは、単量体型および多量体型の両方で自然に発生し、後者は、しばしば、それぞれがいくつかのCRDを有する数多くのサブユニットを含む。したがって、レクチン被検体結合剤の使用は、被検体が糖質の時、特に適切である。
・PC−レクチン(米国特許公開公報第20030216300号、米国特許公開公報第20040265898)
・CTL−I(米国特許第179528/10号)
・ケラチノサイト膜レクチン(Parfuemerie und Kosmetik74, 164-80)
・CD94(Eur J Immunol 25, 2433-7)
・P35(同義語:ヒトL−フィコリン、レクチンのグループ)(Immunol Lett 67,109-12)
・ERGIC−53(同義語:MR60)(MoI Biol Cell,7, 483-93)
・HIP/PAP(Eur J Biochem267, 1665-71)
・CLECSF8(Eur J Immunol 34,210-20)
・DCL(レクチンのグループ)(米国特許出願第00231996/US号)
・GLUTファミリータンパク質、特に、GLUT1、GLUT4およびGLUT11(PNAS97,1125−30)
被検体類縁体はグルコース類縁体が好ましい。
アッセイの成分は、被検体の拡散は可能にするがアッセイ成分の拡散は可能にしない孔径を有する材料によって保持されているのが好ましい。しかし、この選択性は、他の方法、たとえば、帯電していない材料の拡散を可能にする材料を使用することによっても達成される。
第三の態様では、本発明は、本明細書で記載したセンサーを使用して、グルコースを検出する方法であって、センサーを哺乳動物の皮膚に移植すること、および外部光学的手段を使用してグルコースを検出または測定することを含む方法に関する。
2.タイムドメイン寿命の測定
a.信号光子の計測
b.ストリークカメラ
c.ゲート検出(パルスサンプリング)
d.アップコンバージョン
3.周波数ドメイン寿命の測定
a.位相変調蛍光光度法(ヘテロダイン検出)
b.位相敏感検波法(ホモダイン検出)
Y1(t)=A1 *sin(2*π*f*t+φf1+φ1)
Y2(t)=A2 *sin(2*π*f*t+φ2)
被検体濃度=A+Bx/(k+x)
(式中、Aは被検体不在時の相であり、Bは最大応答時の相であり、xは測定相であり、kは、受容体と被検体類縁体との間の解離定数である)を使用することによって、被検体濃度に変換する。
励起光強度、I(1,0)
周囲の光強度、I(1,1)
組合わせた蛍光の強度および周囲の光、I(1,2)
波長2(エネルギー受容体部分)で
励起光強度、I(2,0)
周囲の光強度、I(2,1)
組合わせた蛍光の強度および周囲の光、I(2,2)
(1)
以下の材料を使用した。
p−アミノフェニル−α−D−マンノピラノシルイソチオシアネート、ウシ血清アルブミン−α−D−マンノピラノシルイソチオシアネート(23当量、マンノース/BSA)、ヒト血清アルブミン、過ヨウ素酸ナトリウム(NaIO4)、ビオチン−N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド、o−フェニレンジヒドロクロリド、ベンジルアミン、アンモニア、ナトリウムシアノボロハイドライド(NaBH3CN)(Sigma-Aldrich); Nunc F96 MaxiSorpプレート(Nunc, Denmark);PD−10カラム、ストレプトアビジン−HRP(Amersham Bioscience);デキストラン (Pharmacosmos,Denmark);マンナン結合レクチン(数箇所の供給源から入手し得る)透析チューブSpectra/Por (Spectrum Laboratories社, California, USA)、アリルα−D−グルコピラノシド、アリル2−アセタミド−2−デオキシ−α−D−グルコピラノシド(Glycon Biochemicals, Germany)、アリルα−D−ガラクトピラノシド(Sigma-Aldrich)
DMSO中のビオチン−NHS(20μL,7mgmL-1、約10〜15モル当量/MBLモノマー)をMBL(0.530mg)のPBS(3mL)の溶液に加えた。溶液を2時間、緩やかに撹拌し、次いで、透析チューブ(MWCO、10〜12k)に移し、24時間にわたって、TBS(2×1L)に対して透析した。得られたビオチン化MBL(TBS中0.2mgmL-1)を、さらに精製することなく使用した。
ここで使用したTBS緩衝液は、TRIS(20mM)、NaCl(150mM)、CaCl2(20mM)、pH7.4であった。
過ヨウ素酸塩−酸化デキストランの生成
1.25mMのCaCl2(生理的Ca濃度)を含むTRIS緩衝液を除いて、前記アッセイを使用した。
アリルα−D−マンノピラノシド
基本的に、Pekariら,(2004) J.Org. Chem,66(22), 7432-7442に記載のように行った。D−マンノース(12.1g,67mmol)を、乾燥アリルアルコール(140ml)中でBF3−OEt2(0.58ml)の存在下、一晩還流した。翌日、反応混合物を、Et3N(1.8ml)で中和し、溶剤を蒸発させた。乾燥カラムバキュームクロマトグラフィー(id:6cm;100mlの分画;DCM中0〜45%MeOH−11分画。5%の増加+100%)によって、生成物9.38g(63%)を無色シロップとして得た。
以下の実施例で、マンノース50%コポリマーをどのように生成したかを示す。他の全てのコポリマーの調製に関しては、表2および3を参照のこと。アリルサッカライド(AS)およびN−(3−アミノプロピル)メタクリルアミド塩酸塩(NAMH)の原液(100mg/ml)を、PBS(50mM,pH7.4)中で生成した。
ヒトMBLを緩衝液交換(透析によって)し、150mMのNaClと1.25mMのCa2+とを含む10mMのNaHCO3緩衝液、pH8.7とした。染色のために使用した染料は、Alexa Fluor(商標)594、スクシンイミジルエステル(AF594−SE)(Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oregon, USA)であった。染料を乾燥DMSOに溶解し、炭酸水素緩衝液中のMBLにゆっくり(10分)加えた。反応を1時間行った。染色は、染料の15倍モル過剰(ポリペプチド単位に関して)で行った。精製を、10mMのトリス緩衝液pH7.4、150mMのNaClおよび1.25mMCa2+に対する透析法によって行った。得られた、染色されたタンパク質の標識化度を、MBLの1サブユニット当たり染料2.3として、UV分光法によって定量した。
150kDaデキストラン(6.00g,0.4μmol)を250mMのK2HPO4、pH11.5(600mL)に溶解した。水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(3g,0.08mol)を加え、次いでジビニルスルホン(15ml,0.15mol)を加えた。反応混合物を室温で30分撹拌し、その後濃塩酸でpH7.2に中和した。30分撹拌した後、得られた混合物を水(3×25L)中で透析した(MWCO10〜12kDa)。内容物をエルレンマイヤーフラスコに移し、24%アンモニア(200mL)を加えた。2時間後、pHを10.5に調整し、反応物を一晩撹拌した。過剰のアンモニアを水(8×25L)中で透析法(MWCO10−12k)により除去し、内容物全てを凍結乾燥し、アミノデキストラン5.75g(MWが185kDaのアミノデキストランに対して78%)を白色綿毛状物質として得た。元素分析を使用して、分子量、アミン導入率および導入されたジビニルスルホンの量の簡易評価を行った。(Found C39.86;H6.26;N0.16;S3.08%デキストラン150k,〜22DVS−NH2,〜160DVS−OH,and〜720H2O requires C39.55;H6.60;N0.16;S3.07%)
1H−NMR(400MHz,DMSO−d6):δ8.34(1H,bs),6.03(2H,s),5.83(4H,s),3.49(2H,m),3.46(6H,s),3.44(12H,s),3.12(3H,s(masked)),3.08(12H,s),1.94(2H,t),1.70(2H,m)
1H−NMR 1H−NMR br.(400MHz,DMSO−d6):δ5.88(2H,s),5.85(4H,s),3.60(2H,s),3.46(12H,s),3.45(6H,s),3.15(12H,s),3.12(3H,s),2.85(4H,s),2.80(2H,t),1.95(2H,m)
実施例2の方法と類似した方法で生成した、70kDaアミノデキストラン(0.5mmol NH2/gデキストラン、すなわち、デキストラン1mol当たり35molのアミン)を、10mMのNaHCO3pH8.5、HMCV−1(実施例5)を有する150mMのNaCl中で染色した。染料を乾燥DMSOに溶解し、炭酸水素緩衝液中でデキストランにゆっくり(10分)加えた。反応を1時間行った。染色は、染料の8倍モル過剰で行った。精製を、10mMのトリス緩衝液pH7.4、150mMのNaCl、1.25mMのCa2+、2mMのNaN3に対する透析法によって行った。得られた、染色されたデキストランの標識化度を、デキストラン1当たり染料7.0として、UV分光法によって決定した。
AF594で染色されたヒトMBL(実施例1)とHMCV1−デキストラン(実施例7で生成)とをTBS緩衝液(前記と同じ)中で混合し、両成分の濃度を10μMとした。アッセイ化学検査用混合物を、中空ファイバー(再生セルロース、直径0.2mm)中にストックした。蛍光寿命測定(周波数ドメイン)をKOALA自動化サンプルコンパートメント(ISS,Champaign IL)で行い、グルコース濃度を、グルコース濃度を、アッセイ化学検査物を含む中空ファイバーの回りの緩衝液(TBS)を変更することによって変更した。
コポリマー合成
一般的に、コポリマーの標識化は、Molecular Probes(製品情報MP00143,Rev.2001年6月)によって提供される記載に従う。
AF594染色ヒトMBL(実施例4)とHMCV1−コポリマーとを、TBS緩衝液(前記と同じ)中で混合し、両成分の濃度を10μM(MBL−AF594糖質認識ドメインの濃度、CRD(それぞれMwが約25kDaである)を使用して)とした。アッセイ化学検査混合物を、中空ファイバー(再生セルロース、直径:0.2mm)に搾取した。
直径700μmのガラスロッドをポリマー(1000PEGT80PBT20、英国特許出願番号第P9738号)の15%w/wジクロロメタン溶液(DCM)に浸漬し、それを室温で乾燥させて、ファイバーを作った。これによって、外径が900μmであり、内腔の直径が700μmの中空ファイバーを得た。ファイバーを、所望の濃度のアッセイ成分[たとえば、5μMのAlexa Fluor 594(商標)−染色MBL(糖質認識ドメインに関して記載された濃度)と20μMのHMCV1−染色アミノデキストラン150kDa]で満たした。ポリマーを溶融し、ファイバーの端を閉じるために加熱した。試験および挿入の前に、溶接したファイバーの漏出試験を行った。
Claims (20)
- 糖質被検体濃度の感知用センサーであって、競合結合アッセイの異なる変性体を少なくとも2種含み、
該センサーは、
レクチンである糖質被検体結合剤と、
少なくとも1つの糖質被検体類縁体部分を含む糖質被検体類縁体とを有し、
該糖質被検体結合剤が、該糖質被検体類縁体の少なくとも1個の糖質被検体類縁体部分に結合して複合体を形成し、それにより、該糖質被検体類縁体が該糖質被検体によって変位可能となり、
糖質被検体濃度の必要な範囲を、該アッセイの変性体により正確に感知することができ、該変性体のそれぞれは、糖質被検体濃度の必要な範囲の一部だけを正確に感知することができ、該アッセイの変性体は、必要な範囲の全体をカバーする、重なり合うまたは隣接する濃度の範囲を感知するように選択され、
さらに、異なるアッセイが、該糖質被検体類縁体で構成される該糖質被検体類縁体部分の数または性質によって識別されることを特徴とするセンサー。 - 糖質被検体がグルコースである、請求項1記載のセンサー。
- センサーが、糖質被検体濃度に対応する測定可能な光学応答を引き起こす、請求項1又は2に記載のセンサー。
- 糖質被検体結合剤が、近接度に基づいた信号発生/変調部分ペアの1つで標識化され、糖質被検体類縁体が、近接度に基づいた信号発生/変調部分ペアのもう1つで標識化され、糖質被検体類縁体および糖質被検体結合剤が複合体を形成し、糖質被検体類縁体が糖質被検体によって複合体から置き換わる時、信号において検出可能な差異が存在する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 糖質被検体結合剤がマンノース結合レクチン(MBL)である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 少なくとも1つの糖質被検体類縁体部分が、糖質部分または糖質様部分である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 少なくとも1つの糖質被検体類縁体部分が、単糖またはオリゴ糖部分である、請求項6記載のセンサー。
- 糖質被検体類縁体が、高分子を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 高分子が、タンパク質、デンドリマー、多糖類または合成ポリマーである、請求項8記載のセンサー。
- 高分子が、血清アルブミンである、請求項9記載のセンサー。
- 多糖類が、導入糖質被検体類縁体部分の数を減らすように誘導体化されている、請求項9記載のセンサー。
- 各競合結合アッセイ変性体において、糖質被検体結合剤がMBLであり、高分子がHSAであり、糖質被検体類縁体部分がマンノースであり、競合結合アッセイの各変性体が、異なる数のマンノース部分を含むHSA−マンノース結合体を含有する、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 糖質被検体がグルコースであり、競合結合アッセイの各変性体において、糖質被検体結合剤がMBLであり、高分子および糖質被検体類縁体部分が一緒になって誘導体化デキストランを形成し、競合結合アッセイの変性体が、デキストランに導入される糖質被検体類縁体部分の数が相違するように誘導体化されているデキストランを含む、請求項1〜9及び11のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- センサーが、競合結合アッセイの2個の変性体を含み、1個の変性体は、0〜10mMの範囲のグルコース濃度を感知することができ、もう1個の変性体は0〜25mMの範囲のグルコース濃度を感知することができる、請求項13記載のセンサー。
- 15〜40mMの範囲のグルコース濃度を感知することができる、競合結合アッセイの第三変性体をさらに含む、請求項14記載のセンサー。
- アッセイの異なる変性体が、センサー内の分離したコンパートメントに含まれている、請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- センサーが、少なくとも2種の粒子であって、粒子の各種類が、競合結合アッセイの異なる変性体を含む粒子を含む、請求項1〜16のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 粒子またはコンパートメントが、生分解性に作られている、請求項16または請求項17のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 粒子またはコンパートメントが、シェルまたはマトリックス材料内のアッセイの成分を保持する、請求項16〜18のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
- 粒子またはコンパートメントが、糖質被検体に対して透過性であり、糖質被検体を、自由にセンサーの中へおよび外へ拡散させ、アッセイ成分に接触させるが、競合結合アッセイの変性体の成分は通さない、請求項16〜19のいずれかに記載のセンサー。
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WO2002057788A2 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2002-07-25 | Sensors For Medicine And Science, Inc. | Detection of glucose in solutions also containing an alpha-hydroxy acid or a beta-diketone |
JP2004053363A (ja) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-02-19 | Lifescan Inc | 複数の反応チャンバーを有する電気化学的試験片およびその使用方法 |
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NO341710B1 (no) | 2018-01-02 |
JP2008523358A (ja) | 2008-07-03 |
EP1831691A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
WO2006061208A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
US8478375B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
NO20073391L (no) | 2007-09-05 |
GB0426822D0 (en) | 2005-01-12 |
EP1831691B1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
AU2005313481A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
DK1831691T3 (da) | 2012-06-25 |
ATE547705T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
CA2590341A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
CN101103273A (zh) | 2008-01-09 |
CA2590341C (en) | 2014-04-01 |
CN101103273B (zh) | 2012-04-04 |
US20090131773A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
AU2005313481B2 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
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